405 lines
45 KiB
XML
405 lines
45 KiB
XML
<document id="D5FCB06B78852EF739A8E58303A62BE4" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.187789" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6593e89a-9c63-4584-9a5f-f70993e32d31" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="187789" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461074088346" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Van, Rob W. M." docDate="2009" docId="03C087B0AE7EFFF2FF1FFB97D886FB09" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02107p040.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2107" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Triptolemma endolithicum Van, 2009, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="FFF9FFC8AE7DFFF7FF88FFB3D87CFF96" masterDocTitle="New sciophilous sponges from the Caribbean (Porifera: Demospongiae)" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1698585844262" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="CD6022428A37E5A2E2A21AE0BA2D0263" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="4A0D841FED7C6517F2E0340558727BA5">
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<mods:title id="E676D26564D8B40AB2D356893EB0AE10">New sciophilous sponges from the Caribbean (Porifera: Demospongiae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="3B228E20FC947A4B88B0DB3475C87911" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="2F0A9709C0A3B11D4BDA25D01F387973">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="7A39DF56785A453992082875C99E0C64">Van, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="EDB2F9AFBDE17CF89E91D4E16CAF53E8">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="25BC324D790E63B9364012634B344131">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="0219EFC5D9AD7D3FB9AC3ED1CBD7006D">
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<mods:date id="AD1801611E0211390E4B7C0C870FE39B">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="B104EDB907545E446B692DA04C361CBA" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="5372C208B16ACB3A121A407E18D7302A">2107</mods:number>
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<mods:end id="695702983FBA475FDE79FB27401B473D">40</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="A1481175D974F95CABAF1E48CDADCB66">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="BF51EF9670C9B8730F17D303DED8AB27" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.187789</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5432E8EA91A63E0DE5FA5E5691BC4732" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="62512112E97F02D94EDCBC224EF8C9B1" type="Zenodo-Dep">187789</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C087B0AE7EFFF2FF1FFB97D886FB09" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6221842" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119617432" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6221842" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C087B0AE7EFFF2FF1FFB97D886FB09" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C087B0AE7EFFF2FF1FFB97D886FB09" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<subSubSection id="C373652DAE7EFFF4FF1FFB97D950FBF6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE7EFFF4FF1FFB97DA5EFBAB" blockId="3.[151,546,1059,1120]" box="[151,546,1059,1086]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<heading id="D09E81CAAE7EFFF4FF1FFB97DA5EFBAB" bold="true" box="[151,546,1059,1086]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE7EFFF4FF1FFB97DA5EFBAB" bold="true" box="[151,546,1059,1086]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE7EFFF4FF1FFB97D9A5FBA8" box="[151,473,1060,1086]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="endolithicum" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE7EFFF4FF1FFB97D9A5FBA8" bold="true" box="[151,473,1060,1086]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Triptolemma endolithicum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22E57CFAE7EFFF4FE68FB90DA5EFBAB" box="[480,546,1059,1085]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE7EFFF4FF1FFBF5D950FBF6" blockId="3.[151,546,1059,1120]" box="[151,300,1094,1120]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="13522A23AE7EFFF4FF17FBF5D898FBF6" box="[159,228,1094,1120]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,815,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,815,1908]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Triptolemma endolithicun n. sp., SEM images of spicules (Holotype ZMA Por. 21062). A – C. Various sizes and forms of mesotriaenes; D – E. oxea and detail of one of the proliferated apices; F. Amphiaster; G – H. Acanthose microrhabds in two size categories, G- 1 and H- 1 in the same magnification, G- 2 and H- 2 showing details of surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187790/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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A–G)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C373652DAE7EFFF4FF1FFB20DABEFB42" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE7EFFF4FF1FFB20DABEFB42" blockId="3.[151,1437,1171,2010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<typeStatus id="54D28804AE7EFFF4FF1FFB20D976FB3B" box="[151,266,1171,1197]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE7EFFF4FF1FFB20D976FB3B" bold="true" box="[151,266,1171,1197]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Holotype</emphasis>
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</typeStatus>
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.
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<collectionCode id="ED78AE63AE7EFFF4FE92FB27D920FB38" box="[282,348,1172,1198]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">ZMA</collectionCode>
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Por. 21062,
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<collectingCountry id="F37E7636AE7EFFF4FE7DFB27DA11FB38" box="[501,621,1172,1198]" name="Colombia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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, Cartagena area, Islas del Rosario,
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<collectingCountry id="F37E7636AE7EFFF4FB99FB27DC40FB38" box="[1041,1084,1172,1198]" name="Iceland" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Isla</collectingCountry>
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Pavitos,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE5D5061AE7EFFF4FB24FB27DD55FB38" box="[1196,1321,1172,1198]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="5" value="10.1275">10.1275 N</geoCoordinate>
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-
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<geoCoordinate id="EE5D5061AE7EFFF4FAB1FB27D8CFFB42" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="5" value="-75.7688">75.7688 W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="4C919B43AE7EFFF4FF36FB09D881FB42" box="[190,253,1210,1236]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="25.0">25 m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="FFD71066AE7EFFF4FE80FB09D9E8FB42" box="[264,404,1210,1236]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1990-10-25">25-10-1990</date>
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, coll. M. Kielman #S141.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C373652DAE7EFFF3FF4DFB53DB09FF4E" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE7EFFF4FF4DFB53DB96FA00" blockId="3.[151,1437,1171,2010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE7EFFF4FF4DFB53D925FB6C" bold="true" box="[197,345,1248,1274]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Description</emphasis>
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. Sponge insinuating inside two fragments, 1
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<date id="FFD71066AE7EFFF4FCF4FB52DBADFB6D" box="[892,977,1249,1275]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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x 1 x
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<quantity id="4C919B43AE7EFFF4FC4AFB52DBADFB6D" box="[962,977,1249,1275]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="cm" value="2.0">2</quantity>
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</date>
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cm and 1
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<date id="FFD71066AE7EFFF4FBD9FB52DC0BFB6D" box="[1105,1143,1249,1275]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">x 1</date>
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x
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<quantity id="4C919B43AE7EFFF4FB1EFB52DC90FB6D" box="[1174,1260,1249,1275]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="cm" value="0.5">0.5 cm</quantity>
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, of an original single piece of coral covered on the outside by
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<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE7EFFF4FD68FABBDC9DFAB4" authority="Hechtel, 1965" authorityName="Hechtel" authorityYear="1965" box="[736,1249,1288,1314]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spirastrellidae" genus="Diplastrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="megastellata">
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<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE7EFFF4FD68FABBDC6BFAB7" box="[736,1047,1288,1313]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diplastrella megastellata</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B57AE7EFFF4FBA1FABBDCA4FAB4" author="Hechtel" box="[1065,1240,1288,1314]" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" refString="Hechtel, G. J. (1965) A Systematic study of the Demospongiae of Port Royal, Jamaica. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History, 20, 1 - 103." type="journal article" year="1965">Hechtel, 1965</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE7EFFF4FB7AFABBDDE4FAB4" box="[1266,1432,1288,1314]" class="Demospongiae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Porifera" rank="order">Hadromerida</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE7EFFF4FF1FFA9DD92CFADE" box="[151,336,1326,1352]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spirastrellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Spirastrellidae</taxonomicName>
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). No traces of the sponge were detected on the upper/outer side of the coral, but inside it several corridors and holes of approx.
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<quantity id="4C919B43AE7EFFF4FDE0FAE6DAD1FAF9" box="[616,685,1365,1391]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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diameter and
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<quantity id="4C919B43AE7EFFF4FCD2FAE6DBB0FAF9" box="[858,972,1365,1391]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5–10 mm</quantity>
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long are filled with tissues of the new species. Live color not noted, beige colored in alcohol. Consistency soft.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE7EFFF4FF4DFA11DA95FA2A" blockId="3.[151,1437,1171,2010]" box="[197,745,1442,1468]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE7EFFF4FF4DFA11D94DFA2A" bold="true" box="[197,305,1442,1468]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Skeleton</emphasis>
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||
. Confused, no apparent organization.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE7EFFF4FF4DFA7BDA9CF9A6" blockId="3.[151,1437,1171,2010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE7EFFF4FF4DFA7BD94CFA74" bold="true" box="[197,304,1480,1506]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Spicules</emphasis>
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. Mesotriaenes (dichomesotriaenes, mesocalthrops), small amphitriaenes, oxea-like spicules, amphiasters, microrhabds. Measurements presented here are based on 10 spicules instead of 25, due to large variability of shape and sizes of the various
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<typeStatus id="54D28804AE7EFFF4FD13F9A5DAA1F9A6" box="[667,733,1558,1584]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">types</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE7EFFF4FF4DF98ED885F95D" blockId="3.[151,1437,1171,2010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Mesotriaenes(
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<figureCitation id="13522A23AE7EFFF4FEE5F98ED9CEF9C1" box="[365,434,1597,1623]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,815,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,815,1908]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Triptolemma endolithicun n. sp., SEM images of spicules (Holotype ZMA Por. 21062). A – C. Various sizes and forms of mesotriaenes; D – E. oxea and detail of one of the proliferated apices; F. Amphiaster; G – H. Acanthose microrhabds in two size categories, G- 1 and H- 1 in the same magnification, G- 2 and H- 2 showing details of surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187790/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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A–B), predominantly dichomesotriaenes, large size differences among spicules, but no clear size categories, protocladi 48-
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<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE7EFFF4FDE8F9D7DADEF9EB" box="[608,674,1636,1661]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">148.4</emphasis>
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-302
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<date id="FFD71066AE7EFFF4FD68F9D7DB6AF9E8" box="[736,790,1636,1662]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1912-10">x 12</date>
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||
-
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||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE7EFFF4FC96F9D7DB2DF9EB" box="[798,849,1636,1661]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">27.6</emphasis>
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-48 µm, deuterocladi 12-
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<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE7EFFF4FBF0F9D7DCD7F9EB" box="[1144,1195,1636,1661]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">33.2</emphasis>
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-
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<date id="FFD71066AE7EFFF4FB3CF9D7DD7DF9E8" box="[1204,1281,1636,1662]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1972-10-06">72 x 6</date>
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-
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<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE7EFFF4FA82F9D7DD41F9EB" box="[1290,1341,1636,1661]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">10.5</emphasis>
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-20 µm, tritocladi 6-
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<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE7EFFF4FEACF938D924F932" box="[292,344,1675,1700]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">23.5</emphasis>
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||
-
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||
<date id="FFD71066AE7EFFF4FEE9F939D9B0F932" box="[353,460,1674,1700]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1960-10-05" valueMax="1960-10-07" valueMin="1960-10-05">60 x 5–7</date>
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µm; rhabdomes, conical, sharp-pointed, 24-
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<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE7EFFF4FC6BF938DC6BF932" box="[995,1047,1675,1700]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">45.9</emphasis>
|
||
-
|
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<date id="FFD71066AE7EFFF4FBA8F939DCD8F932" box="[1056,1188,1674,1700]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1962-10-20" valueMax="1962-10-25" valueMin="1962-10-20">62 x 20-25</date>
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||
µm; cladomes up to 400 µm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE7EFFF4FF4DF96BDCEFF964" blockId="3.[151,1437,1171,2010]" box="[197,1171,1752,1778]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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||
Mesocalthrops (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A23AE7EFFF4FE09F96BD9BFF964" box="[385,451,1752,1778]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,815,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,815,1908]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Triptolemma endolithicun n. sp., SEM images of spicules (Holotype ZMA Por. 21062). A – C. Various sizes and forms of mesotriaenes; D – E. oxea and detail of one of the proliferated apices; F. Amphiaster; G – H. Acanthose microrhabds in two size categories, G- 1 and H- 1 in the same magnification, G- 2 and H- 2 showing details of surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187790/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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||
C), rare, long cladi up to 108
|
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<date id="FFD71066AE7EFFF4FCA8F96BDB28F964" box="[800,852,1752,1778]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1910-10">x 10</date>
|
||
µm, short cladi 15–62 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE7EFFF4FF4DF94DD997F8A9" blockId="3.[151,1437,1171,2010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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||
Oxea-like spicules (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A23AE7EFFF4FE3DF94DD981F88E" box="[437,509,1790,1816]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,815,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,815,1908]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Triptolemma endolithicun n. sp., SEM images of spicules (Holotype ZMA Por. 21062). A – C. Various sizes and forms of mesotriaenes; D – E. oxea and detail of one of the proliferated apices; F. Amphiaster; G – H. Acanthose microrhabds in two size categories, G- 1 and H- 1 in the same magnification, G- 2 and H- 2 showing details of surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187790/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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||
D–E), usually with cladose ends, rarely symmetrically sharply pointed, 186-
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE7EFFF4FF1FF896D8A5F8A8" box="[151,217,1829,1854]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">267.0</emphasis>
|
||
- 372
|
||
<date id="FFD71066AE7EFFF4FE95F896D92DF8A9" box="[285,337,1829,1855]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1910-10">x 10</date>
|
||
-
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE7EFFF4FED2F896D9F1F8A8" box="[346,397,1829,1854]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">17.0</emphasis>
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||
-28 µm.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE7EFFF4FF4DF8FFDBEDF8F0" blockId="3.[151,1437,1171,2010]" box="[197,913,1868,1894]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Small amphitriaenes, rare, rhabd
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<date id="FFD71066AE7EFFF4FDC2F8FFDAEFF8F0" box="[586,659,1868,1894]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1915-10-02">15 x 2</date>
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||
µm, cladi
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<date id="FFD71066AE7EFFF4FC99F8FFDB27F8F0" box="[785,859,1868,1894]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1915-10-02">15 x 2</date>
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µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE7EFFF4FF4DF8C1D97EF825" blockId="3.[151,1437,1171,2010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
Amphiasters (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A23AE7EFFF4FEE4F8C1D9CCF81A" box="[364,432,1906,1932]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,815,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,815,1908]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Triptolemma endolithicun n. sp., SEM images of spicules (Holotype ZMA Por. 21062). A – C. Various sizes and forms of mesotriaenes; D – E. oxea and detail of one of the proliferated apices; F. Amphiaster; G – H. Acanthose microrhabds in two size categories, G- 1 and H- 1 in the same magnification, G- 2 and H- 2 showing details of surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187790/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
F), with short rhabd and long rugose or lightly spined rays,
|
||
<date id="FFD71066AE7EFFF4FB0BF8C1DC89F81A" box="[1155,1269,1906,1932]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1913-04-09" valueMax="1913-04-11" valueMin="1913-04-09">
|
||
9-
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE7EFFF4FB14F8C0DCB0F81A" box="[1180,1228,1907,1932]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">11.4</emphasis>
|
||
-13
|
||
</date>
|
||
µm, rays 3–4 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE7EFFF3FF4DF873DBE4FF24" blockId="3.[151,1437,1171,2010]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,152,758]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
Microrhabds (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A23AE7EFFF4FEE5F873D9C8F84C" box="[365,436,1984,2010]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,815,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,815,1908]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Triptolemma endolithicun n. sp., SEM images of spicules (Holotype ZMA Por. 21062). A – C. Various sizes and forms of mesotriaenes; D – E. oxea and detail of one of the proliferated apices; F. Amphiaster; G – H. Acanthose microrhabds in two size categories, G- 1 and H- 1 in the same magnification, G- 2 and H- 2 showing details of surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187790/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs 1</figureCitation>
|
||
G–H), in two distinct size categories, short relatively fat, 14-
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE7EFFF4FB1BF873DCBBF84F" box="[1171,1223,1984,2009]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">15.8</emphasis>
|
||
-
|
||
<date id="FFD71066AE7EFFF4FB58F873DD61F84C" box="[1232,1309,1984,2010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1918-10-02">18 x 2</date>
|
||
-
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE7EFFF4FAAEF873DD37F84F" box="[1318,1355,1984,2009]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">2.9</emphasis>
|
||
-4 µm, long, slim, slightly sinuous, densely spined, 32-
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE79FFF3FD4DFF2BDA84FF27" box="[709,760,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">33.7</emphasis>
|
||
-
|
||
<date id="FFD71066AE79FFF3FC89FF2BDB4AFF24" box="[769,822,152,178]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1937-10">37 x</date>
|
||
0.5 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE79FFF3FF4DFF0DDB09FF4E" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,758]" box="[197,885,190,216]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE79FFF3FF4DFF0DD95AFF4E" bold="true" box="[197,294,190,216]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Ecology</emphasis>
|
||
. Insinuating in dead coral material, at
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B43AE79FFF3FD62FF0DDB59FF4E" box="[746,805,190,216]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="25.0">25 m</quantity>
|
||
depth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C373652DAE79FFF3FF4DFF56DD2EFF69" box="[197,1362,229,255]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE79FFF3FF4DFF56DD2EFF69" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,758]" box="[197,1362,229,255]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE79FFF3FF4DFF56D936FF69" bold="true" box="[197,330,229,255]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. The name refers to the endolithic habit, occupying spaces within dead coral fragments.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C373652DAE79FFF2FF4DFEB8D886FB09" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE79FFF3FF4DFEB8DD50FD60" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,758]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE79FFF3FF4DFEB8D94BFEB3" bold="true" box="[197,311,267,293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. This is the first record of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE79FFF3FD60FEBFDB02FEB3" box="[744,894,268,293]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE79FFF3FD60FEBFDB02FEB3" box="[744,894,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Triptolemma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the tropical western Atlantic. The genus so far numbers four accepted species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B57AE79FFF3FDD5FE81DB4FFEDA" author="Maldonado" box="[605,819,306,332]" pageId="4" pageNumber="38" refString="Maldonado, M. (2002) Family Pachastrellidae. Pp. 141 - 162. In: Hooper, J. N. A., van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds) Systema Porifera. A guide to the classification of sponges. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publ., New York, 1708 pp." type="book chapter" year="2002">Maldonado, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B57AE79FFF3FCFBFE81DC44FEDA" author="Soest" box="[883,1080,306,332]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" refString="van Soest, R. W. M., Boury-Esnault, N., Hooper, J. N. A., de Voogd, N. J., Rutzler, K., Alvarez de Glasby, B., Hajdu, E., Pisera, A., Vacelet, J., Manconi, R., Schoenberg, C., Janussen, D., Tabachnick, K. R. & Klautau, M. (2008) World Porifera Database. Available online at http: // www. marinespecies. org / porifera. Consulted on 2008 - 11 - 15." type="book chapter" year="2008">Soest et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
on line):
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE79FFF3FB24FE81DD47FEDD" box="[1196,1339,306,331]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cladosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE79FFF3FB24FE81DD47FEDD" box="[1196,1339,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">T. cladosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B57AE79FFF3FAC3FE81D9F7FEE4" author="Sollas" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1888) Report on the Tetractinellida collected by H. M. S. Challenger, during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger, 1873 - 1876. Zoology, 25 (63), 1 - 458." type="journal article" year="1888">
|
||
Sollas, 1888 as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE79FFF3FF74FEEAD9F7FEE4" box="[252,395,345,370]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE79FFF3FF74FEEAD9F7FEE4" box="[252,395,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Triptolemus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) from deep water (
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B43AE79FFF3FDFEFEEADABAFEE5" box="[630,710,345,371]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="250.0">250 m</quantity>
|
||
) off the Kai Islands,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37E7636AE79FFF3FC4FFEEADC43FEE5" box="[967,1087,345,371]" name="Indonesia" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE79FFF3FBC4FEEADCACFEE4" box="[1100,1232,345,370]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="intextum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE79FFF3FBC4FEEADCACFEE4" box="[1100,1232,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">T. intextum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B57AE79FFF3FB6BFEEAD948FE0F" author="Carter" pageId="4" pageNumber="36" refString="Carter, H. J. (1876) Descriptions and figures of deep-sea sponges and their spicules, from the Atlantic Ocean, dredged up on board H. M. S. ' Porcupine', chiefly in 1869 (concluded). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (4) 18, 226 - 240, 307 - 324, 388 - 410, 458 - 479." type="journal article" year="1876">
|
||
Carter, 1876 as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE79FFF3FF1FFE33D948FE0F" box="[151,308,384,409]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Pachastrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE79FFF3FF1FFE33D948FE0F" box="[151,308,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Pachastrella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) from deep water (
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B43AE79FFF3FDACFE33DA09FE0C" box="[548,629,384,410]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.74" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="674.0">674 m</quantity>
|
||
) off the SW coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37E7636AE79FFF3FC0BFE33DB93FE0C" box="[899,1007,384,410]" name="Portugal" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Portugal</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE79FFF3FC75FE33DCF6FE0F" box="[1021,1162,384,409]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="incertum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE79FFF3FC75FE33DCF6FE0F" box="[1021,1162,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">T. incertum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B57AE79FFF3FB13FE33D958FE56" author="Kirkpatrick" pageId="4" pageNumber="38" refString="Kirkpatrick, R. (1903) Descriptions of South African sponges. Part II. Marine Investigations in South Africa, 2 (14), 171 - 180." type="journal article" year="1903">
|
||
Kirkpatrick, 1903 as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE79FFF3FF1FFE14D958FE56" box="[151,292,423,448]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE79FFF3FF1FFE14D958FE56" box="[151,292,423,448]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Triptolemus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) from deep water (
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B43AE79FFF3FD82FE15DAE8FE56" box="[522,660,422,448]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="165.0" valueMax="180.0" valueMin="150.0">150–180 m</quantity>
|
||
) off the east coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37E7636AE79FFF3FC1EFE15DC4FFE56" box="[918,1075,422,448]" name="South Africa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE79FFF3FBFAFE14DC94FE56" box="[1138,1256,423,448]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="simplex">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE79FFF3FBFAFE14DC94FE56" box="[1138,1256,423,448]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">T. simplex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B57AE79FFF3FB72FE15D95FFE70" author="Sara" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" refString="Sara, M. (1959) Specie nuove di Demospongie provenienti da acque superficiali del golfo di Napoli. Annuario dell' Istituto e Museo de Zoologia dell' Universita di Napoli, 11 (7), 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1959">
|
||
Sarà, 1959 as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE79FFF3FF1FFE7ED95FFE70" box="[151,291,461,486]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE79FFF3FF1FFE7ED95FFE70" box="[151,291,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Triptolemus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) from a shallow cave (
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B43AE79FFF3FDBBFE7EDAFCFE71" box="[563,640,461,487]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="0.5" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.0">0–1 m</quantity>
|
||
) in the Mediterranean. A fifth species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE79FFF3FBC7FE7EDC84FE70" box="[1103,1272,461,486]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="parasiticum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE79FFF3FBC7FE7EDC84FE70" box="[1103,1272,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">T. parasiticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B57AE79FFF3FA80FE7ED932FD9B" author="Carter" pageId="4" pageNumber="36" refString="Carter, H. J. (1876) Descriptions and figures of deep-sea sponges and their spicules, from the Atlantic Ocean, dredged up on board H. M. S. ' Porcupine', chiefly in 1869 (concluded). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (4) 18, 226 - 240, 307 - 324, 388 - 410, 458 - 479." type="journal article" year="1876">
|
||
Carter, 1876
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE79FFF3FF1FFE47D932FD9B" box="[151,334,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE79FFF3FF31FE47D932FD9B" box="[185,334,500,525]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Pachastrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Pachastrella</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) from unknown origin is considered a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE79FFF3FB8BFE47DCFAFD9B" box="[1027,1158,500,525]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="intextum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE79FFF3FB8BFE47DCFAFD9B" box="[1027,1158,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">T. intextum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although the proof for this is still wanting. The description by Carter (twice, in 1876: 410, pl. XVI fig. 50, and 1880: 60, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE79FFF3FACDFDA9DDEDFDA5" box="[1349,1425,538,563]" class="Demospongiae" family="Samidae" genus="Samus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE79FFF3FACDFDA9DDEDFDA5" box="[1349,1425,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Samus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) remains uncritical with respect to the other species. The material is considered lost, so we will remain in doubt over its true affinities. The name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE79FFF3FDA1FDDBDB78FD17" box="[553,772,616,641]" class="Demospongiae" family="Samidae" genus="Samus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="parasiticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE79FFF3FDA1FDDBDB78FD17" box="[553,772,616,641]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Samus parasiticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was also used for a specimen occupying spaces within calcareous algae in the Gulf of Mannaar,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37E7636AE79FFF3FDF2FD3DDAC5FD3E" box="[634,697,654,680]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
, which possibly is conspecific with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE79FFF3FBE8FD3CDC91FD3E" box="[1120,1261,655,680]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cladosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE79FFF3FBE8FD3CDC91FD3E" box="[1120,1261,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">T. cladosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(but again this remains undecided).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B57AE79FFF3FE17FD06DA27FD59" author="Samaai" box="[415,603,693,719]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" refString="Samaai, T. (2006) Biodiversity " hotspots ", patterns of richness and endemism, and distribution of marine sponges in South Africa based on actual and interpolation data: A comparative approach. Zootaxa, 1358, 1 - 37." type="journal article" year="2006">Samaai (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, without explanation, referred
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE79FFF3FC6AFD06DC86FD58" box="[994,1274,693,718]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="incertum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE79FFF3FC6AFD06DC86FD58" box="[994,1274,693,718]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Triptolemma incertum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE79FFF3FF1FFD6FD9D8FD60" authority="Gray (1867b)" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,420,732,758]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Dercitus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE79FFF3FF1FFD6FD887FD63" box="[151,251,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Dercitus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B57AE79FFF3FE8AFD6FD941FD60" author="Gray" box="[258,317,732,758]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" refString="Gray, J. E. (1867 b) Notes on the arrangement of sponges, with the descriptions of some new genera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1867 (2), 492 - 558." type="journal article" year="1867" yearSuffix="b">Gray</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(1867b)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but Kirkpatrick's description leaves no doubt that it belongs to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE79FFF3FB07FD6FDD59FD63" box="[1167,1317,732,757]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE79FFF3FB07FD6FDD59FD63" box="[1167,1317,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Triptolemma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF16662EAE79FFF3FF1FF820DD0DF879" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187790/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" targetBox="[151,1434,815,1907]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE79FFF3FF1FF820DD0DF879" blockId="4.[151,1437,1939,2031]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE79FFF3FF1FF820D96EF83D" bold="true" box="[151,274,1939,1963]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE79FFF3FEA8F820DA48F83C" box="[288,564,1939,1962]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="endolithicun" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE79FFF3FEA8F820DA48F83C" box="[288,564,1939,1962]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Triptolemma endolithicun</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22E57CFAE79FFF3FDB4F820DA04F83D" box="[572,632,1939,1963]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE79FFF3FDB4F820DA04F83D" bold="true" box="[572,632,1939,1963]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, SEM images of spicules (Holotype ZMA Por. 21062). A–C. Various sizes and forms of mesotriaenes; D–E. oxea and detail of one of the proliferated apices; F. Amphiaster; G–H. Acanthose microrhabds in two size categories, G-1 and H-1 in the same magnification, G-2 and H-2 showing details of surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE78FFF2FF4EFF2BDA55FF4E" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1183]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
The genus is predominantly of deep-water occurrence, but the present new species and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE78FFF2FB43FF2BDD43FF27" box="[1227,1343,152,177]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="simplex">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE78FFF2FB43FF2BDD43FF27" box="[1227,1343,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. simplex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
share a sciophilous shallow-water habitat.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE78FFF2FF4EFF56D922FDA2" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1183]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B57AE78FFF2FF4EFF56D9DDFF69" author="Maldonado" box="[198,417,229,255]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" refString="Maldonado, M. (2002) Family Pachastrellidae. Pp. 141 - 162. In: Hooper, J. N. A., van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds) Systema Porifera. A guide to the classification of sponges. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publ., New York, 1708 pp." type="book chapter" year="2002">Maldonado (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in his re-description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D28804AE78FFF2FD6AFF56DB69FF69" box="[738,789,229,255]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species refers to the spined microrhabds as sanidasters, but this appears incorrect; both Sollas' and Sarà's description use the term microrhabd and Maldonado's own drawing (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE78FFF2FE87FE81D94AFEDD" box="[271,310,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">l.c.</emphasis>
|
||
p. 159, fig. 14D) makes it clear that this cannot be considered a sanidaster. Similarly, the streptaster microscleres are not metasters, but amphiasters or spirasters as they clearly show a (short) rhabd. The alleged presence of small smooth oxeas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE78FFF2FD34FE33DB34FE0F" box="[700,840,384,409]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cladosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE78FFF2FD34FE33DB34FE0F" box="[700,840,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. cladosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE78FFF2FC08FE33DC7EFE0F" box="[896,1026,384,409]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="incertum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE78FFF2FC08FE33DC7EFE0F" box="[896,1026,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. incertum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is drawn into doubt by Maldonado (l.c.) and we concur with this, as the endolithic habit of the sponges makes it virtually impossible to avoid contaminations with spicules of neighbouring sponges. Still, we report the presence of large oxeas in the same size range and thickness as the triaenes, which are certainly proper to the sponge, but may be interpreted as reduced triaenes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE78FFF2FF4EFDF2D886FB09" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1183]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
The new species differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE78FFF2FDC9FDF2DAA8FDCC" box="[577,724,577,602]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cladosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE78FFF2FDC9FDF2DAA8FDCC" box="[577,724,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. cladosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the generally more robust, larger and thicker triaenes (protocladi of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE78FFF2FEC1FDDBD9A1FD17" box="[329,477,616,641]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cladosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE78FFF2FEC1FDDBD9A1FD17" box="[329,477,616,641]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. cladosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
only up to
|
||
<date id="FFD71066AE78FFF2FDE4FDDBDAB7FD14" box="[620,715,616,642]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1952-10-21">52 x 21</date>
|
||
µm, against up to 300
|
||
<date id="FFD71066AE78FFF2FC62FDDBDC5CFD14" box="[1002,1056,616,642]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1948-10">x 48</date>
|
||
µm in our new species); other features appear generally similar, with long microrhabds somewhat smaller (up to 27.6 µm) than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE78FFF2FA0DFD3CD949FD58" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="endolithicum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE78FFF2FA0DFD3CD949FD58" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. endolithicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22E57CFAE78FFF2FEB5FD06D9FFFD59" box="[317,387,693,719]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE78FFF2FEB5FD06D9FFFD59" bold="true" box="[317,387,693,719]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(up 37 µm). It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE78FFF2FD53FD06DB1EFD58" box="[731,866,693,718]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="intextum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE78FFF2FD53FD06DB1EFD58" box="[731,866,693,718]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. intextum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(which is not fully described by Carter) in the smaller mesotriaenes (figured spicule has a cladome of approx. 140 µm) and its deep-water East Atlantic occurrence make conspecificity with our new species unlikely; by proxy, we assume the same for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE78FFF2FA0DFCB1D959FCD4" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="parasiticum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE78FFF2FA0DFCB1D959FCD4" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. parasiticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE78FFF2FEBDFC9AD9C7FCD4" box="[309,443,809,834]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="incertum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE78FFF2FEBDFC9AD9C7FCD4" box="[309,443,809,834]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. incertum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs in the shape of the long spined microrhabds. These were not mentioned by Kirkpatrick, but subsequently described by Maldonado as present; the longer catergory is depicted (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE78FFF2FAA9FCE3DD39FCFF" box="[1313,1349,848,873]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">l.c.</emphasis>
|
||
p. 159, fig. 14G) as oxea-like with pointed ends, wheras those of our new species are clearly strongylote. Other features including spicules sizes appear closely similar. The deep-water occurrence in East Africa makes conspecificity with our new species unlikely.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE78FFF2FD6BFC77DB1FFC4B" box="[739,867,964,989]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="simplex">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE78FFF2FD6BFC77DB1FFC4B" box="[739,867,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. simplex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has smaller triaenes (cladome of the largest mesotriaenes up to 245 µm) and possibly has a second category of amphiasters/spirasters (but these could be contaminations). In summary, the new species has (1) larger upper size of the mesotriaenes than any other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE78FFF2FF1FFB8BD947FBC7" box="[151,315,1080,1105]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE78FFF2FF1FFB8BD947FBC7" box="[151,315,1080,1105]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Triptolemma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, (2) clearly separated categories of small fat microrhabds and long curved or sinuous microrhabds, both blunt-ending, shared with at least
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE78FFF2FC83FBECDBFDFBEE" box="[779,897,1119,1144]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pachastrellidae" genus="Triptolemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="simplex">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE78FFF2FC83FBECDBFDFBEE" box="[779,897,1119,1144]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. simplex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and (3) fat smooth oxeas often with cladose endings.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |