857 lines
110 KiB
XML
857 lines
110 KiB
XML
<document id="C237A3B13A614D0435F3AEAC0FB66674" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.187091" ID-GBIF-Dataset="22a55e96-94e1-45a2-baff-5c0cfd6d1d49" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="187091" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461062990301" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Azevedo, Fernanda, Hajdu, Eduardo, Willenz, Philippe & Klautau, Michelle" docDate="2009" docId="7C41CA2BD3487F4AF6B2D4A92AEFF800" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02072p030.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2072" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Leucosolenia australis Brondsted 1928" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="8078B253D3437F58F625D61C2F75FFEB" masterDocTitle="New records of Calcareous sponges (Porifera, Calcarea) from the Chilean coast" masterLastPageNumber="30" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1698582944360" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="9C50E9603991267EFD1A1C59A2C887D2" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="86C3C741FDF085B8F194806369EF1AAA">
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<mods:title id="7F640F9D2AFB20480E809391A3ED5B67">New records of Calcareous sponges (Porifera, Calcarea) from the Chilean coast</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="937A6A93E88111DE6AFDE35999B6575F" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C4E61081CEAC0CE16719A8D508F44B12">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C8A7B06778870F8E866D3C4790A24B9E">Azevedo, Fernanda</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="507DE69229CE91920223883A4B096CF7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="CF1678A704A824CC814ACE3D865DB208">Hajdu, Eduardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F091BAC1014AE37DA477F666FA4EE464">Willenz, Philippe</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="32C6ADF10AE601FCF1382C6CAE4CA60B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="7684CC260B53AB4BC58462975A26B876">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="FE03AC07CA5F868BB071869C1272EFAB">Klautau, Michelle</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="403D9BD285CA3370AE17960F12318E63">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="D99078926920FC059797A5A2E2685CE2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3F877E423E1BB95A9FB758ECFE5454D0">
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<mods:date id="681887EFB735D4347F71E00ABC3D6F79">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="CAB6253CDB947CC1ADD633958E067CD0" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="71BBF02E3C3FA1CBC1FB282B1D4FC6EA">2072</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="998F4C3345284349FE2692D7BC9DC153">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="666F6E1BA65E6F36A717EC79686171B3" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.187091</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A4CC98EF4B12B0D56D87B490566ADEB4" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="7C41CA2BD3487F4AF6B2D4A92AEFF800" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6222340" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119614627" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6222340" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7C41CA2BD3487F4AF6B2D4A92AEFF800" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7C41CA2BD3487F4AF6B2D4A92AEFF800" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<subSubSection id="BCF228B6D3487F53F6B2D4A92EB1FD19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3487F53F6B2D4A92D0EFD24" blockId="11.[151,635,693,754]" box="[151,635,693,719]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<heading id="AF1FCC51D3487F53F6B2D4A92D0EFD24" bold="true" box="[151,635,693,719]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3487F53F6B2D4A92D0EFD24" ID-CoL="6Q5PH" authority="Brondsted, 1928" authorityName="Brondsted" authorityYear="1928" box="[151,635,693,719]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis">
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||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3487F53F6B2D4A92D0EFD24" bold="true" box="[151,635,693,719]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3487F53F6B2D4A92ED2FD24" bold="true" box="[151,423,693,719]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Leucosolenia australis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD3487F53F78AD4A92D0EFD24" author="Brondsted" box="[431,635,693,719]" pageId="11" pageNumber="28" refString="Brondsted, H. V. (1928) The Kalkschwamme. In: Drygalski, E. von (Ed.) Deutsche Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903. Walter de Gruyter & Co. Zoology XII: Berlin and Leipzig, pp. 1 - 45." type="book chapter" year="1928">Brøndsted, 1928</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3487F53F6B2D4C42EB1FD19" blockId="11.[151,635,693,754]" box="[151,452,728,754]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CD367B8D3487F53F6BAD4C42F85FD19" box="[159,240,728,754]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,256,1529,1553]" captionTargetBox="[187,1370,271,1528]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[187,1399,230,1536]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. External and internal morphology of Leucosolenia australis; A—Fixed specimen; B—Tangential view of tube wall; C—Detail showing the apical actine of tetractines penetrating into the lumen; D—Microdiactine with detail of the two tips; E—Diactine; F—Triactine (black arrow) and tetractine (white arrow)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187097/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
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||
A–F, 9D;
|
||
<tableCitation id="B96A4E86D3487F53F741D4C42ECEFD19" box="[356,443,728,754]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,239,1268,1292]" captionTargetBox="[158,1384,1325,1651]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="TABLE 6. Spicules measurements of the specimen of Leucosolenia australis (MNRJ 10320)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/A0972BB5D3487F53F6B2D2E82B0AFAE7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" tableUuid="A0972BB5D3487F53F6B2D2E82B0AFAE7">Table 6</tableCitation>
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||
)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="BCF228B6D3487F53F6B2D5392D1BFC67" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3487F53F6B2D5392E1EFC8D" blockId="11.[151,1436,805,1218]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3487F53F6B2D5392EE5FCD4" bold="true" box="[151,400,805,831]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="92F9E3F8D3487F53F7BDD5392E92FCD4" box="[408,487,805,831]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">MNRJ</collectionCode>
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10320; in front of
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<collectionCode id="92F9E3F8D3487F53F4E8D5392C62FCD4" box="[717,791,805,831]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">HSFS</collectionCode>
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||
, Comau Fjord; collected by E.H. &
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<collectingCountry id="8CFF3BADD3487F53F2E9D5392B85FCD4" box="[1228,1264,805,831]" name="Philippines" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Ph</collectingCountry>
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.W.;
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<date id="80565DFDD3487F53F301D5392FA0FC8D" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2006-10-09">9 October 2006</date>
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; -8 to -
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<specimenCount id="E2EEB0B4D3487F53F702D5502E1EFC8D" box="[295,363,844,870]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="generic">
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||
<quantity id="3310D6D8D3487F53F702D5502E12FC8D" box="[295,359,844,870]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="12.0">12 m</quantity>
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.
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</specimenCount>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3487F53F6E0D56E2D1BFC67" blockId="11.[151,1436,805,1218]" box="[197,622,882,908]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3487F53F6E0D56E2E54FC67" bold="true" box="[197,289,882,908]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Colour.</emphasis>
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Beige in life and in alcohol.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="BCF228B6D3487F54F6E0D5842EFBF92F" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
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<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3487F53F6E0D5842E7FFB9F" blockId="11.[151,1436,805,1218]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3487F53F6E0D5842E14FC59" bold="true" box="[197,353,920,946]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Description.</emphasis>
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Sponge delicate formed by erect asconoid tubes (
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||
<quantity id="3310D6D8D3487F53F5E7D5852B7DFC58" box="[962,1032,921,947]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
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in length and
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||
<quantity id="3310D6D8D3487F53F29FD5852A75FC58" box="[1210,1280,921,947]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
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in diameter) connected by a stolon (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CD367B8D3487F53F782D5DC2E9BFC31" box="[423,494,960,986]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,256,1529,1553]" captionTargetBox="[187,1370,271,1528]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[187,1399,230,1536]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. External and internal morphology of Leucosolenia australis; A—Fixed specimen; B—Tangential view of tube wall; C—Detail showing the apical actine of tetractines penetrating into the lumen; D—Microdiactine with detail of the two tips; E—Diactine; F—Triactine (black arrow) and tetractine (white arrow)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187097/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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A). At the end of each tube there is an apical osculum without fringe. Surface is slightly hispid because of the presence of diactines. The microdiactines are disposed in parallel to the surface, while the diactines protrude through the surface. The skeleton is also composed of triactines and tetractines tangentially disposed on the surface (
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<figureCitation id="6CD367B8D3487F53F46DD2282DFBFBA5" box="[584,654,1076,1102]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,256,1529,1553]" captionTargetBox="[187,1370,271,1528]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[187,1399,230,1536]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. External and internal morphology of Leucosolenia australis; A—Fixed specimen; B—Tangential view of tube wall; C—Detail showing the apical actine of tetractines penetrating into the lumen; D—Microdiactine with detail of the two tips; E—Diactine; F—Triactine (black arrow) and tetractine (white arrow)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187097/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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B). The apical actine of the tetractines is projected inside the lumen (
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<figureCitation id="6CD367B8D3487F53F6BAD2462F93FB9F" box="[159,230,1114,1140]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,256,1529,1553]" captionTargetBox="[187,1370,271,1528]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[187,1399,230,1536]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. External and internal morphology of Leucosolenia australis; A—Fixed specimen; B—Tangential view of tube wall; C—Detail showing the apical actine of tetractines penetrating into the lumen; D—Microdiactine with detail of the two tips; E—Diactine; F—Triactine (black arrow) and tetractine (white arrow)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187097/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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C).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3487F53F6E0D29C2D4AFB29" blockId="11.[151,1436,805,1218]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3487F53F6E0D29C2E5BFB71" bold="true" box="[197,302,1152,1178]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Spicules</emphasis>
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||
(
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<tableCitation id="B96A4E86D3487F53F71BD29D2EE9FB70" box="[318,412,1153,1179]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,239,1268,1292]" captionTargetBox="[158,1384,1325,1651]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="TABLE 6. Spicules measurements of the specimen of Leucosolenia australis (MNRJ 10320)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/A0972BB5D3487F53F6B2D2E82B0AFAE7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" tableUuid="A0972BB5D3487F53F6B2D2E82B0AFAE7">Table 6</tableCitation>
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). Microdiactine [46.6 (±2.8) / 1.2 (±0.0) µm]: Fusiform and straight, with sharp tips. One of the tips has spines (
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<figureCitation id="6CD367B8D3487F53F7F6D2B42D6FFB29" box="[467,538,1192,1218]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,256,1529,1553]" captionTargetBox="[187,1370,271,1528]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[187,1399,230,1536]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. External and internal morphology of Leucosolenia australis; A—Fixed specimen; B—Tangential view of tube wall; C—Detail showing the apical actine of tetractines penetrating into the lumen; D—Microdiactine with detail of the two tips; E—Diactine; F—Triactine (black arrow) and tetractine (white arrow)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187097/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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D).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="A0972BB5D3487F53F6B2D2E82B0AFAE7" ID-Table-UUID="A0972BB5D3487F53F6B2D2E82B0AFAE7" box="[151,1151,1268,1292]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/A0972BB5D3487F53F6B2D2E82B0AFAE7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" targetBox="[158,1384,1325,1651]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3487F53F6B2D2E82B0AFAE7" blockId="11.[151,1151,1268,1292]" box="[151,1151,1268,1292]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3487F53F6B2D2E82E7DFAE7" bold="true" box="[151,264,1268,1292]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">TABLE 6.</emphasis>
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||
Spicules measurements of the specimen of
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<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3487F53F4F8D2E92CBAFAE7" box="[733,975,1269,1292]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis">
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||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3487F53F4F8D2E92CBAFAE7" box="[733,975,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Leucosolenia australis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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(MNRJ 10320).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</caption>
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||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3487F53F774D3312A2FF998" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<table id="86E8899DD34880A7F6BBD3312A1DF998" box="[158,1384,1325,1651]" gridcols="7" gridrows="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<tr id="4AD8797FD34880A7F6BBD3312A1DFAAF" box="[158,1384,1325,1348]" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th id="09091003D34880A7F6BBD3312E92FAAF" box="[158,487,1325,1348]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Spicule</th>
|
||
<th id="09091003D34880A7F491D3312C31FAAF" box="[692,836,1325,1348]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Lenght (µm)</th>
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||
<th id="09091003D34880A7F244D3312A6DFAAF" box="[1121,1304,1325,1348]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Width (µm)</th>
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||
<th id="09091003D34880A7F368D3312A1DFAAF" box="[1357,1384,1325,1348]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">n</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="4AD8797FD34880A7F6BBD3482A1DFA80" box="[158,1384,1364,1387]" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-6="1">
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F491D3482C31FA80" box="[692,836,1364,1387]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">min mean</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F549D3482CEEFA80" box="[876,923,1364,1387]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">s</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F5E5D3482C89FA80" box="[960,1020,1364,1387]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">max</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F244D3482A6DFA80" box="[1121,1304,1364,1387]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">mean s</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="4AD8797FD34880A7F6BBD3652A1DFA7A" box="[158,1384,1401,1425]" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-1="1">
|
||
<th id="09091003D34880A7F6BBD3652E92FA7A" box="[158,487,1401,1425]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3487F53F6BBD3652E41FA7A" bold="true" box="[158,308,1401,1425]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">MNRJ 10320</emphasis>
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Microdiactine
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||
</th>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F491D3652C31FA7A" box="[692,836,1401,1425]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">41.3 46.6</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F549D3652CEEFA7A" box="[876,923,1401,1425]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">2.8</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F5E5D3652C89FA7A" box="[960,1020,1401,1425]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">48.6</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F244D3652A6DFA7A" box="[1121,1304,1401,1425]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.2 0.0</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F368D3652A1DFA7A" box="[1357,1384,1401,1425]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="4AD8797FD34880A7F6BBD3832A1DFA5D" box="[158,1384,1439,1462]" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-1="1">
|
||
<th id="09091003D34880A7F6BBD3832E92FA5D" box="[158,487,1439,1462]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Diactine</th>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F491D3832C31FA5D" box="[692,836,1439,1462]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">62.7 198.4</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F549D3832CEEFA5D" box="[876,923,1439,1462]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">73.3</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F5E5D3832C89FA5D" box="[960,1020,1439,1462]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">346.5</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F244D3832A6DFA5D" box="[1121,1304,1439,1462]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">6.7 1.1</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F368D3832A1DFA5D" box="[1357,1384,1439,1462]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">30</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="4AD8797FD34880A7F6BBD3D92A1DF9E9" box="[158,1384,1477,1538]" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="09091003D34880A7F6BBD3D92E92F9E9" box="[158,487,1477,1538]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Triactine</th>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F439D3D92D0AF9E9" box="[540,639,1477,1538]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Paired Unpaired</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F491D3D92C31F9E9" box="[692,836,1477,1538]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">66.0 83.1 69.3 93.3</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F549D3D92CEEF9E9" box="[876,923,1477,1538]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">9.5 13.4</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F5E5D3D92C89F9E9" box="[960,1020,1477,1538]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">105.6 122.1</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F244D3D92A6DF9E9" box="[1121,1304,1477,1538]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">6.2 0.8 5.8 0.9</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F368D3D92A1DF9E9" box="[1357,1384,1477,1538]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">30 30</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="4AD8797FD34880A7F6BBD00D2A1DF9C3" box="[158,1384,1553,1576]" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="09091003D34880A7F6BBD00D2E92F9C3" box="[158,487,1553,1576]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Tetractine</th>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F439D00D2D0AF9C3" box="[540,639,1553,1576]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Paired</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F491D00D2C31F9C3" box="[692,836,1553,1576]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">69.3 85.3</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F549D00D2CEEF9C3" box="[876,923,1553,1576]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">7.1</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F5E5D00D2C89F9C3" box="[960,1020,1553,1576]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">99.0</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F244D00D2A6DF9C3" box="[1121,1304,1553,1576]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">6.6 0.6</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F368D00D2A1DF9C3" box="[1357,1384,1553,1576]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">30</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="4AD8797FD34880A7F6BBD02B2A1DF9A5" box="[158,1384,1591,1614]" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F439D02B2D0AF9A5" box="[540,639,1591,1614]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Unpaired</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F491D02B2C31F9A5" box="[692,836,1591,1614]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">66.0 95.0</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F549D02B2CEEF9A5" box="[876,923,1591,1614]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">13.3</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F5E5D02B2C89F9A5" box="[960,1020,1591,1614]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">118.8</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F244D02B2A6DF9A5" box="[1121,1304,1591,1614]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">6.3 0.6</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F368D02B2A1DF9A5" box="[1357,1384,1591,1614]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">30</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="4AD8797FD34880A7F6BBD0402A1DF998" box="[158,1384,1628,1651]" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F439D0402D0AF998" box="[540,639,1628,1651]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Apical</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F491D0402C31F998" box="[692,836,1628,1651]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">26.7 34.0</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F549D0402CEEF998" box="[876,923,1628,1651]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">6.9</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F5E5D0402C89F998" box="[960,1020,1628,1651]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">41.3</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F244D0402A6DF998" box="[1121,1304,1628,1651]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">4.1 0.7</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34880A7F368D0402A1DF998" box="[1357,1384,1628,1651]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3487F53F6E3D0AF2E81F8F0" blockId="11.[151,1436,1715,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Diactine [198.4 (±73.3) / 6.7 (±1.1) µm]: Curved, with sharp tips. The tip projected outside the sponge sometimes has a lance shape. Near the other tip the spicule is thicker, and sometimes it has a bend, which is occasionally abrupt (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CD367B8D3487F53F7AED11D2EA7F8F0" box="[395,466,1793,1819]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,256,1529,1553]" captionTargetBox="[187,1370,271,1528]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[187,1399,230,1536]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. External and internal morphology of Leucosolenia australis; A—Fixed specimen; B—Tangential view of tube wall; C—Detail showing the apical actine of tetractines penetrating into the lumen; D—Microdiactine with detail of the two tips; E—Diactine; F—Triactine (black arrow) and tetractine (white arrow)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187097/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
E).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3487F53F6E0D13B2FB2F865" blockId="11.[151,1436,1715,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Triactine [paired actines 83.1 (±9.5) / 6.2 (±0.8) µm, unpaired actine 93.3 (±13.4) / 5.8 (±0.9) µm]: Sagittal. Actines are slightly conical and sharp. The unpaired actine is a little longer than the paired ones (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CD367B8D3487F53F349D1522FD2F865" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,256,1529,1553]" captionTargetBox="[187,1370,271,1528]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[187,1399,230,1536]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. External and internal morphology of Leucosolenia australis; A—Fixed specimen; B—Tangential view of tube wall; C—Detail showing the apical actine of tetractines penetrating into the lumen; D—Microdiactine with detail of the two tips; E—Diactine; F—Triactine (black arrow) and tetractine (white arrow)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187097/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
F).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3487F54F6E0D1872C7FFF33" blockId="11.[151,1436,1715,2012]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1436,152,216]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Tetractine [paired actines 85.3 (±7.1) / 6.6 (±0.6) µm, unpaired actine 95.0 (±13.3) / 6.3 (±0.6) µm, apical actine 34.0 (±6.9) / 4.1 (±0.7) µm]: Sagittal. Actines are slightly conical and sharp. The unpaired actine is a little longer than the paired ones. The apical actine is much shorter than the basal ones, smooth, sharp and curved in the direction of the paired actines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CD367B8D34F7F54F486D6A22D9FFF33" box="[675,746,190,216]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,256,1529,1553]" captionTargetBox="[187,1370,271,1528]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[187,1399,230,1536]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. External and internal morphology of Leucosolenia australis; A—Fixed specimen; B—Tangential view of tube wall; C—Detail showing the apical actine of tetractines penetrating into the lumen; D—Microdiactine with detail of the two tips; E—Diactine; F—Triactine (black arrow) and tetractine (white arrow)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187097/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
F).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="A0972BB5D34F7F54F6B2D3E52B7EF9BE" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187097/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" targetBox="[187,1370,271,1528]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD34F7F54F6B2D3E52B7EF9BE" blockId="12.[151,1436,1529,1621]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34F7F54F6B2D3E52E69F9FA" bold="true" box="[151,284,1529,1553]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
External and internal morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34F7F54F492D3E62CD9F9FA" box="[695,940,1530,1553]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34F7F54F492D3E62CD9F9FA" box="[695,940,1530,1553]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Leucosolenia australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; A—Fixed specimen; B—Tangential view of tube wall; C—Detail showing the apical actine of tetractines penetrating into the lumen; D—Microdiactine with detail of the two tips; E—Diactine; F—Triactine (black arrow) and tetractine (white arrow).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD34F7F54F6E0D0982EFBF92F" blockId="12.[151,1437,1668,2003]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34F7F54F6E0D0982E5BF975" bold="true" box="[197,302,1668,1694]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
Collected specimens were attached to a gastropod shell (Mollusca). A Demospongiae was also attached to this shell.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BCF228B6D34F7F55F6E0D0CD2A24F9EC" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD34F7F55F6E0D0CD2D67FE0C" blockId="12.[151,1437,1668,2003]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1436,152,642]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34F7F54F6E0D0CD2E4BF900" bold="true" box="[197,318,1745,1771]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Five species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34F7F54F7DAD0CD2DEEF901" box="[511,667,1745,1770]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34F7F54F7DAD0CD2DEEF901" box="[511,667,1745,1770]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Leucosolenia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been described from the Southern region of South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8CFF3BADD34F7F54F312D0CD2AE9F900" box="[1335,1436,1745,1771]" name="United States of America" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Table 7):
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34F7F54F735D0E42D17F8F9" authority="Brondsted, 1928" authorityName="Brondsted" authorityYear="1928" box="[272,610,1784,1810]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34F7F54F735D0E42EE3F8FA" box="[272,406,1784,1809]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. australis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD34F7F54F7B8D0E42D17F8F9" author="Brondsted" box="[413,610,1784,1810]" pageId="12" pageNumber="28" refString="Brondsted, H. V. (1928) The Kalkschwamme. In: Drygalski, E. von (Ed.) Deutsche Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903. Walter de Gruyter & Co. Zoology XII: Berlin and Leipzig, pp. 1 - 45." type="book chapter" year="1928">Brøndsted, 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34F7F54F44BD0E42CBAF8F9" authority="Breitfuss, 1898" authorityName="Breitfuss" authorityYear="1898" box="[622,975,1784,1810]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="falklandica">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34F7F54F44BD0E42C64F8FA" box="[622,785,1784,1809]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. falklandica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD34F7F54F53CD0E42CBAF8F9" author="Breitfuss" box="[793,975,1784,1810]" pageId="12" pageNumber="28" refString="Breitfuss, L. (1898) Die Kalkschwamme der Sammlung Plate. (Fauna Chilensis, I). Zoologische Jahresbericht, H. 4, 455 - 470." type="journal article" year="1898">Breitfuss, 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34F7F54F5FED0E42A5EF8F9" authority="Tanita, 1942" authorityName="Tanita" authorityYear="1942" box="[987,1323,1784,1810]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="feuerlandica">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34F7F54F5FED0E42BFBF8FA" box="[987,1166,1784,1809]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. feuerlandica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD34F7F54F2B0D0E42A5EF8F9" author="Tanita" box="[1173,1323,1784,1810]" pageId="12" pageNumber="29" refString="Tanita, S. (1942) Report on the calcareous sponges obtained by the Zoological Institute and Museum of Hamburg. Part II. Science Reports of the Tohoku University, 17 (2): 105 - 135." type="journal article" year="1942">Tanita, 1942</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34F7F54F312D0E42E5BF8D2" authority="Dendy, 1891" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1891" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lucasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34F7F54F312D0E42AE9F8FA" box="[1335,1436,1784,1809]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. lucasi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD34F7F54F6B2D1032E5BF8D2" author="Dendy" box="[151,302,1823,1849]" pageId="12" pageNumber="28" refString="Dendy, A. (1891) A monograph of the Victorian sponges. I. - The organisation and classification of the Calcarea Homocoela, with description of the Victorian species. Transactions of the Royal Society of Victoria, 3, 1 - 81." type="journal article" year="1891">Dendy, 1891</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34F7F54F74CD1032DDBF8D2" authority="Haeckel, 1870" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1870" box="[361,686,1823,1849]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34F7F54F74CD1032E8FF8D3" box="[361,506,1823,1848]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD34F7F54F426D1032DDBF8D2" author="Haeckel" box="[515,686,1823,1849]" pageId="12" pageNumber="29" refString="Haeckel, E. (1870) Prodromus eines Systems der Kalkschwamme. Jenaische Zeitschrift, 5, 176 - 191." type="journal article" year="1870">Haeckel, 1870</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD34F7F54F49BD1032C04F8D2" author="Breitfuss" box="[702,881,1823,1849]" pageId="12" pageNumber="28" refString="Breitfuss, L. (1898) Die Kalkschwamme der Sammlung Plate. (Fauna Chilensis, I). Zoologische Jahresbericht, H. 4, 455 - 470." type="journal article" year="1898">Breitfuss 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD34F7F54F55BD1032B65F8D2" author="Tanita" box="[894,1040,1823,1849]" pageId="12" pageNumber="29" refString="Tanita, S. (1942) Report on the calcareous sponges obtained by the Zoological Institute and Museum of Hamburg. Part II. Science Reports of the Tohoku University, 17 (2): 105 - 135." type="journal article" year="1942">Tanita 1942</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Comparing our specimen to the original description of these species, we found a great similarity with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34F7F54F5D4D15A2B09F8B4" box="[1009,1148,1862,1887]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34F7F54F5D4D15A2B09F8B4" box="[1009,1148,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34F7F54F29CD15A2A5EF8B4" box="[1209,1323,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34F7F54F29CD15A2A52F8B4" box="[1209,1319,1862,1887]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lucasi">L. lucasi</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The first species was originally described from Kerguelen (Subantarctic) and was found later in the Magellanic region (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD34F7F54F6BAD18E2E4EF847" author="Tanita" box="[159,315,1938,1964]" pageId="12" pageNumber="29" refString="Tanita, S. (1942) Report on the calcareous sponges obtained by the Zoological Institute and Museum of Hamburg. Part II. Science Reports of the Tohoku University, 17 (2): 105 - 135." type="journal article" year="1942">Tanita, 1942</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The second species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34F7F54F462D18F2DDAF847" box="[583,687,1939,1964]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lucasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34F7F54F462D18F2DDAF847" box="[583,687,1939,1964]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. lucasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was originally described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8CFF3BADD34F7F54F20AD18E2BE9F847" box="[1071,1180,1938,1964]" name="Australia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Port Phillip Heads), and reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD34F7F54F773D1A52E81F838" author="Tanita" box="[342,500,1977,2003]" pageId="12" pageNumber="29" refString="Tanita, S. (1942) Report on the calcareous sponges obtained by the Zoological Institute and Museum of Hamburg. Part II. Science Reports of the Tohoku University, 17 (2): 105 - 135." type="journal article" year="1942">Tanita (1942)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from southern South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8CFF3BADD34F7F54F4D0D1A52C2FF838" box="[757,858,1977,2003]" name="United States of America" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Strait of Magellan). Both species have the same spicular composition (diactines, triactines, and tetractines) and their shape and size are very similar. However, comparing the illustrations provided in the original descriptions, they can be distinguished by the shape of the diactines. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD34E7F55F794D6F92DF7FF14" author="Brondsted" box="[433,642,229,255]" pageId="13" pageNumber="28" refString="Brondsted, H. V. (1928) The Kalkschwamme. In: Drygalski, E. von (Ed.) Deutsche Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903. Walter de Gruyter & Co. Zoology XII: Berlin and Leipzig, pp. 1 - 45." type="book chapter" year="1928">Brøndsted (1928)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34E7F55F4AAD6F92C63FF15" box="[655,790,229,254]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34E7F55F4AAD6F92C63FF15" box="[655,790,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">L. australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has fusiform and curved or straight diactines, while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34E7F55F3A1D6F92FA8FECE" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lucasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34E7F55F3A1D6F92FA8FECE" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">L. lucasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has diactines with one lance shaped tip and a bend tip. The collected Chilean specimen has both
|
||
<typeStatus id="2B53C59FD34E7F55F37BD7102AE9FECD" box="[1374,1436,268,294]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of spicules, and also microdiactines. It is possible that Dendy and Brøndsted have not observed those spicules, however, as we had no access to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="2B53C59FD34E7F55F475D7452DB2FE98" box="[592,711,345,371]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="holotype">holotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
, we could not confirm this hypothesis. Besides, as we found both diactine
|
||
<typeStatus id="2B53C59FD34E7F55F710D79C2E06FE71" box="[309,371,384,410]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">types</typeStatus>
|
||
in our specimen, it is possible that they are also present in both species, and that they are in fact synonyms.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8CFF3BADD34E7F55F770D7BA2E03FE2B" box="[341,374,422,448]" name="American Samoa" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
we cannot prove this at the moment, we decided to call the Chilean species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34E7F55F336D7BB2AE9FE2B" box="[1299,1436,423,448]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34E7F55F336D7BB2AE9FE2B" box="[1299,1436,423,448]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">L. australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
until the
|
||
<typeStatus id="2B53C59FD34E7F55F6DAD7D12E04FE0C" box="[255,369,461,487]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="holotype">holotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
are analysed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD34E7F55F6E0D7E82A2FFDB0" blockId="13.[151,1436,152,642]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
The original measurements of spicules of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34E7F55F497D7E82C42FDE6" box="[690,823,500,525]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34E7F55F497D7E82C42FDE6" box="[690,823,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">L. australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34E7F55F554D7E82CA3FDE6" box="[881,982,500,525]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lucasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34E7F55F554D7E82CA3FDE6" box="[881,982,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">L. lucasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are given here.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34E7F55F2B6D7E82A6FFDE6" box="[1171,1306,500,525]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34E7F55F2B6D7E82A6FFDE6" box="[1171,1306,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">L. australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
– diactine: 160/5 µm, triactine and tetractine: paired 70-5 µm, unpaired 100-5 µm.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34E7F55F5DCD4062B17FDD8" box="[1017,1122,538,563]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lucasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34E7F55F5DCD4062B17FDD8" box="[1017,1122,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">L. lucasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
– diactine: 150–400/8–12 µm; triactine and tetractine: paired 75–110/6–10 µm, unpaired 80–120/6–10 µm, apical 25–80 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD34E7F55F6E3D47B2A24F9EC" blockId="13.[151,1436,152,642]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,1516,2010]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34E7F55F6E3D47B2D23FD6A" bold="true" box="[198,598,615,641]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Known geographic distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Kerguelen (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD34E7F55F4C3D4742CDBFD69" author="Brondsted" box="[742,942,616,642]" pageId="13" pageNumber="28" refString="Brondsted, H. V. (1928) The Kalkschwamme. In: Drygalski, E. von (Ed.) Deutsche Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903. Walter de Gruyter & Co. Zoology XII: Berlin and Leipzig, pp. 1 - 45." type="book chapter" year="1928">Brøndsted, 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Strait of Magellan (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD34E7F55F283D4742A49FD69" author="Tanita" box="[1190,1340,616,642]" pageId="13" pageNumber="29" refString="Tanita, S. (1942) Report on the calcareous sponges obtained by the Zoological Institute and Museum of Hamburg. Part II. Science Reports of the Tohoku University, 17 (2): 105 - 135." type="journal article" year="1942">Tanita, 1942</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34E7F55F6B2D3F02E3EF9ED" bold="true" box="[151,331,1516,1542]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<typeStatus id="2B53C59FD34E7F55F6B2D3F02FA7F9ED" box="[151,210,1516,1542]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
IZUA-POR-0118 = MNRJ 8144 (
|
||
<typeStatus id="2B53C59FD34E7F55F4FBD3F12C33F9EC" box="[734,838,1517,1543]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
/ alcohol). MNRJ 8147 (
|
||
<typeStatus id="2B53C59FD34E7F55F24ED3F12BA7F9EC" box="[1131,1234,1517,1543]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
/ alcohol).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD34E7F55F6B2D4A82B3BFCCA" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<table id="86E8899DD34E80A7F6B2D4A82AE9FCCA" box="[151,1436,692,801]" gridcols="10" gridrows="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<tr id="4AD8797FD34E80A7F6B2D4A82AE9FD27" box="[151,1436,692,716]" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<th id="09091003D34E80A7F6B2D4A82E65FD27" box="[151,272,692,716]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34E7F55F6B2D4A82E65FD27" bold="true" box="[151,272,692,716]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">TABLE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="09091003D34E80A7F732D4A82E0CFD27" box="[279,377,692,716]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Skeleton</th>
|
||
<th id="09091003D34E80A7F7A7D4A82D8DFD27" box="[386,760,692,716]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">characters and world distribution</th>
|
||
<th id="09091003D34E80A7F525D4A82C6DFD27" box="[768,792,692,716]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">of</th>
|
||
<th id="09091003D34E80A7F53AD4A82B3BFD27" box="[799,1102,692,716]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34E7F55F53AD4A92CC0FD27" box="[799,949,693,716]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34E7F55F53AD4A92CC0FD27" box="[799,949,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Leucosolenia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species from
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="09091003D34E80A7F270D4A82B02FD27" box="[1109,1143,692,716]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">the</th>
|
||
<th id="09091003D34E80A7F25AD4A82B91FD27" box="[1151,1252,692,716]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Southern</th>
|
||
<th id="09091003D34E80A7F2C9D4A82A41FD27" box="[1260,1332,692,716]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">region</th>
|
||
<th id="09091003D34E80A7F319D4A82A26FD27" box="[1340,1363,692,716]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">of</th>
|
||
<th id="09091003D34E80A7F37ED4A82AE9FD27" box="[1371,1436,692,716]" gridcol="9" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">South</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="4AD8797FD34E80A7F6B2D4C42AE9FD04" box="[151,1436,728,751]" gridrow="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<th id="09091003D34E80A7F6B2D4C42E65FD04" box="[151,272,728,751]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">America.</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="4AD8797FD34E80A7F6B2D5162AE9FCCA" box="[151,1436,778,801]" gridrow="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<th id="09091003D34E80A7F6B2D5162E65FCCA" box="[151,272,778,801]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Species</th>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34E80A7F7A7D5162D8DFCCA" box="[386,760,778,801]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Skeleton Composition</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34E80A7F53AD5162B3BFCCA" box="[799,1102,778,801]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">World Distribution</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD34E7F55F6BAD5402EBBFA52" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<table id="86E8899DD34E80A7F6B2D5402AFFFA52" box="[151,1418,860,1465]" gridcols="3" gridrows="4" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<tr id="4AD8797FD34E80A7F6B2D5402AFFFC98" box="[151,1418,860,883]" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<th id="09091003D34E80A7F6B2D5402EA2FC98" box="[151,471,860,883]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34E7F55F6BAD5402EE4FC98" box="[159,401,860,883]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34E7F55F6BAD5402EE4FC98" box="[159,401,860,883]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Leucosolenia australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="09091003D34E80A7F7FBD5402C29FC98" box="[478,860,860,883]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Triactine, tetractine, diactine</th>
|
||
<th id="09091003D34E80A7F5A1D5402AFFFC98" box="[900,1418,860,883]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Kerguelen; Strait of Magellan</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="4AD8797FD34E80A7F6B2D5B12AFFFBFD" box="[151,1418,941,1046]" gridrow="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<th id="09091003D34E80A7F6B2D5B12EA2FBFD" box="[151,471,941,1046]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34E7F55F6BAD5B22ECEFBFD" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34E7F55F6BAD5B22ED9FC2E" box="[159,428,942,965]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="falklandica">Leucosolenia falklandica</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34E7F55F6BAD5E32ECEFBFD" box="[159,443,1023,1046]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="feuerlandica">Leucosolenia feuerlandica</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34E80A7F7FBD5B12C29FBFD" box="[478,860,941,1046]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Triactine, tetractine Triactine, tripod, tetractine, diactine</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34E80A7F5A1D5B12AFFFBFD" box="[900,1418,941,1046]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Falkland Islands; Ushuaia, near the Strait of Magellan Tierra del Fuego</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="4AD8797FD34E80A7F6B2D24D2AFFFAE0" box="[151,1418,1105,1291]" gridrow="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<th id="09091003D34E80A7F6B2D24D2EA2FAE0" box="[151,471,1105,1291]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34E7F55F6BAD24D2EEFFB2D" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34E7F55F6BAD24D2E01FB83" box="[159,372,1105,1128]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lucasi">Leucosolenia lucasi</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34E7F55F6BAD2B32EEFFB2D" box="[159,410,1199,1222]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="variabilis">Leucosolenia variabilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34E80A7F7FBD24D2C29FAE0" box="[478,860,1105,1291]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Triactine, tetractine, diactine Triactine sagittal, tetractine sagittal, diactine</td>
|
||
<td id="09091003D34E80A7F5A1D24D2AFFFAE0" box="[900,1418,1105,1291]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Australia; New Zealand; Ushuaia, near the Strait of Magellan Arctic; Mediterranean Sea; Atlantic Sea; Morocco; South Africa; Ushuaia, near the Strait of Magellan; Iquique, Chile</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="4AD8797FD34E80A7F6B2D3602AFFFA52" box="[151,1418,1404,1465]" gridrow="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
<th id="09091003D34E80A7F6B2D3602EA2FA52" box="[151,471,1404,1465]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34E7F55F6B2D3612EA2FA7D" bold="true" box="[151,471,1404,1431]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34E7F55F6B2D3612E04FA7C" box="[151,369,1405,1431]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="huinayense" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34E7F55F6B2D3612E04FA7C" bold="true" box="[151,369,1405,1431]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Sycon huinayense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DDAF1A54D34E7F55F75CD3602EA2FA7D" box="[377,471,1404,1430]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs. 7A–M, 9E; Table 8)
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BCF228B6D34E7F55F6E0D00A2D1AF8F3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD34E7F55F6E0D00A2D9AF9DB" blockId="13.[151,1437,1516,2010]" box="[197,751,1555,1584]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34E7F55F6E0D00A2E1FF9DB" bold="true" box="[197,362,1558,1584]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<typeStatus id="2B53C59FD34E7F55F6E0D00A2E76F9DB" box="[197,259,1558,1584]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Comau Fjord, X th Region,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8CFF3BADD34E7F55F48DD00A2D9EF9DB" box="[680,747,1558,1584]" name="Chile" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD34E7F55F6E0D0202E5BF919" blockId="13.[151,1437,1516,2010]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34E7F55F6E0D0202EB2F9BD" bold="true" box="[197,455,1596,1622]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
(IZUA-POR-0118 =
|
||
<collectionCode id="92F9E3F8D34E7F55F4F1D0212C50F9BC" box="[724,805,1597,1623]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MNRJ</collectionCode>
|
||
8144,
|
||
<collectionCode id="92F9E3F8D34E7F55F558D0212CBBF9BC" box="[893,974,1597,1623]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MNRJ</collectionCode>
|
||
12372,
|
||
<collectionCode id="92F9E3F8D34E7F55F210D0212BF3F9BC" box="[1077,1158,1597,1623]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MNRJ</collectionCode>
|
||
12373,
|
||
<collectionCode id="92F9E3F8D34E7F55F2C8D0212A4BF9BC" box="[1261,1342,1597,1623]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MNRJ</collectionCode>
|
||
12374,
|
||
<collectionCode id="92F9E3F8D34E7F55F6B2D07F2F93F996" box="[151,230,1635,1661]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MNRJ</collectionCode>
|
||
12384); in front of
|
||
<collectionCode id="92F9E3F8D34E7F55F7FDD07F2D56F996" box="[472,547,1635,1661]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">HSFS</collectionCode>
|
||
, Comau Fjord; collected by E.H. &
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8CFF3BADD34E7F55F5FFD07F2C8BF996" box="[986,1022,1635,1661]" name="Philippines" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Ph</collectingCountry>
|
||
.W.;
|
||
<date id="80565DFDD34E7F55F216D07F2B94F996" box="[1075,1249,1635,1661]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2004-04-22">22 April 2004</date>
|
||
; -
|
||
<quantity id="3310D6D8D34E7F55F2D3D07F2A34F996" box="[1270,1345,1635,1661]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="6.5">6.5 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="92F9E3F8D34E7F55F368D07F2AE8F996" box="[1357,1437,1635,1661]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MNRJ</collectionCode>
|
||
8147,
|
||
<collectionCode id="92F9E3F8D34E7F55F6C5D0962E5BF94F" box="[224,302,1674,1700]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MNRJ</collectionCode>
|
||
12375,
|
||
<collectionCode id="92F9E3F8D34E7F55F7AAD0962EA8F94F" box="[399,477,1674,1700]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MNRJ</collectionCode>
|
||
12376,
|
||
<collectionCode id="92F9E3F8D34E7F55F418D0962DFEF94F" box="[573,651,1674,1700]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MNRJ</collectionCode>
|
||
12377,
|
||
<collectionCode id="92F9E3F8D34E7F55F4CED0962C4CF94F" box="[747,825,1674,1700]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MNRJ</collectionCode>
|
||
12378,
|
||
<collectionCode id="92F9E3F8D34E7F55F5BCD0962C92F94F" box="[921,999,1674,1700]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MNRJ</collectionCode>
|
||
12379,
|
||
<collectionCode id="92F9E3F8D34E7F55F262D0962BE0F94F" box="[1095,1173,1674,1700]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MNRJ</collectionCode>
|
||
12380,
|
||
<collectionCode id="92F9E3F8D34E7F55F2D0D0962A36F94F" box="[1269,1347,1674,1700]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MNRJ</collectionCode>
|
||
12381,
|
||
<collectionCode id="92F9E3F8D34E7F55F6B2D0AD2F90F920" box="[151,229,1713,1739]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MNRJ</collectionCode>
|
||
12382,
|
||
<collectionCode id="92F9E3F8D34E7F55F763D0AD2EE1F920" box="[326,404,1713,1739]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MNRJ</collectionCode>
|
||
12383; Punta Llonco, Comau Fjord; collected by V. Häussermann & G.F.;
|
||
<date id="80565DFDD34E7F55F328D0AD2FA0F919" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2004-02-12">12 February 2004</date>
|
||
; -
|
||
<specimenCount id="E2EEB0B4D34E7F55F6CFD0C42E5BF919" box="[234,302,1752,1778]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="3310D6D8D34E7F55F6CFD0C42E5CF919" box="[234,297,1752,1778]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD34E7F55F6E0D0E22D1AF8F3" blockId="13.[151,1437,1516,2010]" box="[197,623,1790,1816]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34E7F55F6E0D0E22E54F8F3" bold="true" box="[197,289,1790,1816]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Colour.</emphasis>
|
||
Beige in life and in alcohol.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BCF228B6D34E7F55F6E0D1392B69F8D4" box="[197,1052,1829,1855]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD34E7F55F6E0D1392B69F8D4" blockId="13.[151,1437,1516,2010]" box="[197,1052,1829,1855]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34E7F55F6E0D1392E24F8D4" bold="true" box="[197,337,1829,1855]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Named after the Fundación San Ignácio del Huinay (HSFS).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BCF228B6D34E7F48F6E0D1572ECFFD43" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD34E7F57F6E0D1572D6BFA31" blockId="13.[151,1437,1516,2010]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1437,1024,2038]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34E7F55F6E0D1572E14F88E" bold="true" box="[197,353,1867,1893]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Sponge tubular, very hispid (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CD367B8D34E7F55F4EDD1572C67F88E" box="[712,786,1867,1893]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="17.[151,256,1744,1768]" captionTargetBox="[187,1403,194,1716]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[184,1409,194,1719]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 9. Specimens in situ: A— Clathrina fjordica sp. nov.; B— Guancha ramosa sp. nov.; C— Leucaltis nuda sp. nov.; D— Leucosolenia australis; E— Sycon huinayense sp. nov.; F— Sycettusa chilensis sp. nov." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187100/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
E). The
|
||
<typeStatus id="2B53C59FD34E7F55F551D1572CA8F88E" box="[884,989,1867,1893]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is
|
||
<quantity id="3310D6D8D34E7F55F227D1572B22F88E" box="[1026,1111,1867,1893]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="16.0">16 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="3310D6D8D34E7F55F2F4D1572A63F88E" box="[1233,1302,1867,1893]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CD367B8D34E7F55F34ED1572FCAF867" captionStart="FIGURE 7 A – I" captionStartId="14.[151,255,1864,1888]" captionTargetBox="[233,1361,191,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[229,1362,191,1831]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 7 A – I. External and internal morphology of Sycon huinayense sp. nov. A—Fixed specimen; B—Detail of the oscular skeleton; C—Transversal section; D—Detail of the distal cone; E—Detail of the tubar skeleton; F—Subatrial (arrow shows a subatrial triactine) and atrial skeletons (at: atrium); G— Diactine I; H—Diactine II; I – Triactine of the cone." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187098/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The osculum is apical surrounded by a delicate fringe of trichoxeas supported by an organised skeleton of sagittal triactines disposed parallel to each other with the unpaired actine directed towards the basal region (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CD367B8D34E7F55F6BAD1DC2F89F831" box="[159,252,1984,2010]" captionStart="FIGURE 7 A – I" captionStartId="14.[151,255,1864,1888]" captionTargetBox="[233,1361,191,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[229,1362,191,1831]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 7 A – I. External and internal morphology of Sycon huinayense sp. nov. A—Fixed specimen; B—Detail of the oscular skeleton; C—Transversal section; D—Detail of the distal cone; E—Detail of the tubar skeleton; F—Subatrial (arrow shows a subatrial triactine) and atrial skeletons (at: atrium); G— Diactine I; H—Diactine II; I – Triactine of the cone." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187098/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
||
). A suboscular region is present between the base of the crown and the first choanocyte chambers. At this region, there are diactines protruding through the surface. The atrium is central and the wall is
|
||
<quantity id="3310D6D8D34C7F57F373D21C2AE9FBF1" box="[1366,1436,1024,1050]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
thick. The radial tubes are fully coalescent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CD367B8D34C7F57F4BAD2392D8FFBD4" box="[671,762,1061,1087]" captionStart="FIGURE 7 A – I" captionStartId="14.[151,255,1864,1888]" captionTargetBox="[233,1361,191,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[229,1362,191,1831]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 7 A – I. External and internal morphology of Sycon huinayense sp. nov. A—Fixed specimen; B—Detail of the oscular skeleton; C—Transversal section; D—Detail of the distal cone; E—Detail of the tubar skeleton; F—Subatrial (arrow shows a subatrial triactine) and atrial skeletons (at: atrium); G— Diactine I; H—Diactine II; I – Triactine of the cone." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187098/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
|
||
) and have trichoxeas and 2 kinds of diactines protruding through the distal cones (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CD367B8D34C7F57F79BD2562D69FB8F" box="[446,540,1098,1124]" captionStart="FIGURE 7 A – I" captionStartId="14.[151,255,1864,1888]" captionTargetBox="[233,1361,191,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[229,1362,191,1831]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 7 A – I. External and internal morphology of Sycon huinayense sp. nov. A—Fixed specimen; B—Detail of the oscular skeleton; C—Transversal section; D—Detail of the distal cone; E—Detail of the tubar skeleton; F—Subatrial (arrow shows a subatrial triactine) and atrial skeletons (at: atrium); G— Diactine I; H—Diactine II; I – Triactine of the cone." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187098/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
|
||
). These diactines are similar to those of the suboscular region. The proximal side of the diactines occasionally crosses the atrial skeleton. The cones are supported by triactines with thicker actines than those of the tubar skeleton. Their unpaired actine crosses the distal part of the cones. The inhalant canals are closed by a thin membrane supported by actines of the spicules of the distal cones. The tubar skeleton is articulated, composed of rows of triactines that point their unpaired actine, which is a little longer than the paired ones, to the surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CD367B8D34C7F57F41CD3192DE1FAF4" box="[569,660,1285,1311]" captionStart="FIGURE 7 A – I" captionStartId="14.[151,255,1864,1888]" captionTargetBox="[233,1361,191,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[229,1362,191,1831]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 7 A – I. External and internal morphology of Sycon huinayense sp. nov. A—Fixed specimen; B—Detail of the oscular skeleton; C—Transversal section; D—Detail of the distal cone; E—Detail of the tubar skeleton; F—Subatrial (arrow shows a subatrial triactine) and atrial skeletons (at: atrium); G— Diactine I; H—Diactine II; I – Triactine of the cone." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187098/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
|
||
). The subatrial skeleton is composed of sagittal triactines (and rare tetractines) that point their unpaired actine, which is longer than the paired ones, towards the distal cones. The atrial skeleton is composed of triactines and tetractines tangentially disposed. The apical actine of the tetractines is shorter than the basal ones and as thick as the basal ones. They are projected into the atrium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CD367B8D34C7F57F349D3692FCCFA5F" captionStart="FIGURE 7 A – I" captionStartId="14.[151,255,1864,1888]" captionTargetBox="[233,1361,191,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[229,1362,191,1831]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 7 A – I. External and internal morphology of Sycon huinayense sp. nov. A—Fixed specimen; B—Detail of the oscular skeleton; C—Transversal section; D—Detail of the distal cone; E—Detail of the tubar skeleton; F—Subatrial (arrow shows a subatrial triactine) and atrial skeletons (at: atrium); G— Diactine I; H—Diactine II; I – Triactine of the cone." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187098/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 7F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Trichoxeas are also present in the atrium, where they lay tangentially. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="2B53C59FD34C7F57F262D3862BDBFA5F" box="[1095,1198,1434,1460]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
shows reproductive structures (amphiblastula larvae).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="A0972BB5D34D7F56F6B2D1542FA5F82C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187098/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" targetBox="[233,1361,191,1824]" targetPageId="14">
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD34D7F56F6B2D1542FA5F82C" blockId="14.[151,1436,1864,1991]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34D7F56F6B2D1542E30F88B" bold="true" box="[151,325,1864,1888]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">FIGURE 7A–I.</emphasis>
|
||
External and internal morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34D7F56F4F8D1542CE8F8B4" box="[733,925,1864,1887]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="huinayense" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34D7F56F4F8D1542CE8F8B4" box="[733,925,1864,1887]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sycon huinayense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DDAF1A54D34D7F56F581D1542C8EF88B" box="[932,1019,1864,1888]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34D7F56F581D1542C8EF88B" bold="true" box="[932,1019,1864,1888]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A—Fixed specimen; B—Detail of the oscular skeleton; C—Transversal section; D—Detail of the distal cone; E—Detail of the tubar skeleton; F—Subatrial (arrow shows a subatrial triactine) and atrial skeletons (at: atrium); G— Diactine I; H—Diactine II; I –Triactine of the cone.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="A0972BB5D34C7F57F6B2D58B2DC1FC3A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187099/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" targetBox="[296,1283,178,895]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD34C7F57F6B2D58B2DC1FC3A" blockId="15.[151,1437,919,977]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34C7F57F6B2D58B2E21FC44" bold="true" box="[151,340,919,943]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">FIGURE 7J–M.</emphasis>
|
||
External and internal morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED34C7F57F4D8D5842CB1FC44" box="[765,964,920,943]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="huinayense" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34C7F57F4D8D5842CB1FC44" box="[765,964,920,943]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Sycon huinayense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DDAF1A54D34C7F57F5E9D58B2B53FC44" box="[972,1062,919,943]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34C7F57F5E9D58B2B53FC44" bold="true" box="[972,1062,919,943]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
J—Tubar triactine; K—Subatrial triactine; L—Atrial triactine; M—Atrial tetractine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD34C7F57F6E0D3F92B75F9CD" blockId="15.[151,1437,1024,2038]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD34C7F57F6E0D3F92E59FA14" bold="true" box="[197,300,1509,1535]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Spicules</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="B96A4E86D34C7F57F71ED3F92EE0FA14" box="[315,405,1509,1535]" captionStart="TABLE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,242,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 8. Spicules measurements of the holotype of Sycon huinayense sp. nov. (IZUA-POR- 0118) and paratypes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Table 8</tableCitation>
|
||
). Trichoxeas of the perioscular crown (>1,668 / 4.9 µm) and of the distal cones (>117 / 2.4 µm):
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8CFF3BADD34C7F57F721D0102E50F9CD" box="[260,293,1548,1574]" name="American Samoa" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
they were frequently broken, it was difficult to measure them.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD34C7F57F6E0D02E2BA2F998" blockId="15.[151,1437,1024,2038]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
Diactines I of the suboscular region and of the distal cones [343.0 (±59.2) / 7.6 (±1.3) µm]: These spicules are cylindrical and straight. Both tips are sharp but one tip is thicker than the other (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CD367B8D34C7F57F249D0452BBFF998" box="[1132,1226,1625,1651]" captionStart="FIGURE 7 A – I" captionStartId="14.[151,255,1864,1888]" captionTargetBox="[233,1361,191,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[229,1362,191,1831]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 7 A – I. External and internal morphology of Sycon huinayense sp. nov. A—Fixed specimen; B—Detail of the oscular skeleton; C—Transversal section; D—Detail of the distal cone; E—Detail of the tubar skeleton; F—Subatrial (arrow shows a subatrial triactine) and atrial skeletons (at: atrium); G— Diactine I; H—Diactine II; I – Triactine of the cone." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187098/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 7G</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD34C7F57F6E0D09C2AE9F90C" blockId="15.[151,1437,1024,2038]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
Diactines II of the suboscular region and of the distal cones [673.1 (±390.2) / 14.2 (±4.8) µm]: Large, slightly curved, undulated and fusiform. Both tips are sharp, but one of them is lanceolate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CD367B8D34C7F57F2C2D0BA2A3CF92B" box="[1255,1353,1702,1728]" captionStart="FIGURE 7 A – I" captionStartId="14.[151,255,1864,1888]" captionTargetBox="[233,1361,191,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[229,1362,191,1831]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 7 A – I. External and internal morphology of Sycon huinayense sp. nov. A—Fixed specimen; B—Detail of the oscular skeleton; C—Transversal section; D—Detail of the distal cone; E—Detail of the tubar skeleton; F—Subatrial (arrow shows a subatrial triactine) and atrial skeletons (at: atrium); G— Diactine I; H—Diactine II; I – Triactine of the cone." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187098/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 7H</figureCitation>
|
||
). They have very variable size and the smaller spicules are more abundant. Each cone has at least 3 of these diactines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD34C7F57F6E3D0E82A22F8B0" blockId="15.[151,1437,1024,2038]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
Triactines of the distal cones [unpaired actine 70.6 (±12.6) / 6.2 (±0.7) µm, paired actines 95.0 (±9.4) / 6.2 (±0.7) µm]: Sagittal. Actines are conical and sharp. Paired actines are frequently curved, accompanying the shape of the distal cones. They are longer than the unpaired actine, which points to the surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CD367B8D34C7F57F2D2D15D2A3CF8B0" box="[1271,1353,1857,1883]" captionStart="FIGURE 7 A – I" captionStartId="14.[151,255,1864,1888]" captionTargetBox="[233,1361,191,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[229,1362,191,1831]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 7 A – I. External and internal morphology of Sycon huinayense sp. nov. A—Fixed specimen; B—Detail of the oscular skeleton; C—Transversal section; D—Detail of the distal cone; E—Detail of the tubar skeleton; F—Subatrial (arrow shows a subatrial triactine) and atrial skeletons (at: atrium); G— Diactine I; H—Diactine II; I – Triactine of the cone." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187098/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<date id="80565DFDD34C7F57F30BD15D2A3CF8B0" box="[1326,1353,1857,1883]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">7I</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD34C7F57F6E0D1742FB7F81D" blockId="15.[151,1437,1024,2038]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
Tubar triactines [unpaired actine 135.1 (±30.6) / 6.8 (±0.5) µm, paired actines 84.6 (±9.6) / 6.2 (±0.7) µm]: Sagittal. Actines are conical, undulated and sharp. Paired actines are curved and shorter than the unpaired one, which points to the surface. Frequently one of the paired actines is shorter than the other (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CD367B8D34C7F57F349D1A92FC1F81D" captionStart-0="FIGURE 7 A – I" captionStart-1="FIGURE 7 J – M" captionStartId-0="14.[151,255,1864,1888]" captionStartId-1="15.[151,258,919,943]" captionTargetBox-0="[233,1361,191,1824]" captionTargetBox-1="[296,1283,178,895]" captionTargetId-0="figure@14.[229,1362,191,1831]" captionTargetId-1="figure@15.[296,1287,178,898]" captionTargetPageId-0="14" captionTargetPageId-1="15" captionText-0="FIGURE 7 A – I. External and internal morphology of Sycon huinayense sp. nov. A—Fixed specimen; B—Detail of the oscular skeleton; C—Transversal section; D—Detail of the distal cone; E—Detail of the tubar skeleton; F—Subatrial (arrow shows a subatrial triactine) and atrial skeletons (at: atrium); G— Diactine I; H—Diactine II; I – Triactine of the cone." captionText-1="FIGURE 7 J – M. External and internal morphology of Sycon huinayense sp. nov. J—Tubar triactine; K—Subatrial triactine; L—Atrial triactine; M—Atrial tetractine." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/187098/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/187099/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 7J</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3537F48F6E0D6842D5AFEA7" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,1647]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
Subatrial triactines and tetractines [triactines - unpaired actine 127.5 (±18.3) / 6.8 (±1.0) µm, paired actines 80.8 (±12.4) / 5.5 (±0.6) µm]: Sagittal to subregular, with curved paired actines. Actines are conical and sharp. The unpaired actine is longer than the paired ones, and points to the surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CD367B8D3537F48F2E5D6F92A54FF14" box="[1216,1313,229,255]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 7 A – I" captionStart-1="FIGURE 7 J – M" captionStartId-0="14.[151,255,1864,1888]" captionStartId-1="15.[151,258,919,943]" captionTargetBox-0="[233,1361,191,1824]" captionTargetBox-1="[296,1283,178,895]" captionTargetId-0="figure@14.[229,1362,191,1831]" captionTargetId-1="figure@15.[296,1287,178,898]" captionTargetPageId-0="14" captionTargetPageId-1="15" captionText-0="FIGURE 7 A – I. External and internal morphology of Sycon huinayense sp. nov. A—Fixed specimen; B—Detail of the oscular skeleton; C—Transversal section; D—Detail of the distal cone; E—Detail of the tubar skeleton; F—Subatrial (arrow shows a subatrial triactine) and atrial skeletons (at: atrium); G— Diactine I; H—Diactine II; I – Triactine of the cone." captionText-1="FIGURE 7 J – M. External and internal morphology of Sycon huinayense sp. nov. J—Tubar triactine; K—Subatrial triactine; L—Atrial triactine; M—Atrial tetractine." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/187098/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/187099/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 7K</figureCitation>
|
||
). The rare tetractines are very similar to the triactines, but they show a thin apical actine shorter than the basal ones. It is curved, smooth, conical and sharp.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3537F48F6E0D7452B68FDDF" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,1647]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
Atrial triactines and tetractines [triactines—unpaired actine 127.3 (±27.5) / 6.8 (±0.8) µm, paired actines 86.1 (±18.3) / 5.6 (±0.7) µm; tetractines—unpaired actine 160.4 (±28.7) / 7.6 (±0.5) µm, paired actines 106.0 (±30.4) / 6.8 (±0.9) µm, apical actine 40.5 (±5.4) / 7.5 (±0.0) µm]: Sagittal to subregular, with curved paired actines. They are tangentially disposed. Actines are conical and sharp. The unpaired actine is longer than the paired ones. The tetractines are less abundant than the triactines. Their apical actine is shorter than the basal ones, conical, smooth and sharp and penetrates the atrium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CD367B8D3537F48F569D4062B65FDDF" box="[844,1040,538,564]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 7 A – I" captionStart-1="FIGURE 7 J – M" captionStartId-0="14.[151,255,1864,1888]" captionStartId-1="15.[151,258,919,943]" captionTargetBox-0="[233,1361,191,1824]" captionTargetBox-1="[296,1283,178,895]" captionTargetId-0="figure@14.[229,1362,191,1831]" captionTargetId-1="figure@15.[296,1287,178,898]" captionTargetPageId-0="14" captionTargetPageId-1="15" captionText-0="FIGURE 7 A – I. External and internal morphology of Sycon huinayense sp. nov. A—Fixed specimen; B—Detail of the oscular skeleton; C—Transversal section; D—Detail of the distal cone; E—Detail of the tubar skeleton; F—Subatrial (arrow shows a subatrial triactine) and atrial skeletons (at: atrium); G— Diactine I; H—Diactine II; I – Triactine of the cone." captionText-1="FIGURE 7 J – M. External and internal morphology of Sycon huinayense sp. nov. J—Tubar triactine; K—Subatrial triactine; L—Atrial triactine; M—Atrial tetractine." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/187098/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/187099/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 7L and 7 M</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3537F48F6E0D45C2ECFFD43" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,1647]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F6E0D45C2E45FDB1" bold="true" box="[197,304,576,602]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
Specimens are found on vertical hard substrate, associated to mussels (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F2B6D45D2A2AFDB1" box="[1171,1375,577,602]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Mytilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="chilensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F2B6D45D2A2AFDB1" box="[1171,1375,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Mytilus chilensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and exposed to sunlight. Its relatively shallow occurrence denotes resistance to reduced salinity levels found in the upper layers of the fjord.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BCF228B6D3537F4AF6E0D4A92AF3FAE9" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3537F48F6E0D4A92A37FC5C" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,1647]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F6E0D4A92E34FD24" bold="true" box="[197,321,693,719]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Five species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F42CD4A92D24FD25" box="[521,593,693,718]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F42CD4A92D24FD25" box="[521,593,693,718]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Sycon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been previously documented off the Chilean coast (Table 9):
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F3A0D4A92E79FD1E" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="raphanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F3A0D4A92E79FD1E" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. raphanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F730D4C02DD3FD1D" authority="Haeckel, 1870" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1870" box="[277,678,732,758]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="variety" variety="proboscidea">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F769D4C02E90FD1E" box="[332,485,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">proboscidea</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD3537F48F7CBD4C02DD3FD1D" author="Haeckel" box="[494,678,732,758]" pageId="16" pageNumber="29" refString="Haeckel, E. (1870) Prodromus eines Systems der Kalkschwamme. Jenaische Zeitschrift, 5, 176 - 191." type="journal article" year="1870">Haeckel, 1870</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD3537F48F568D4C02B6BFD1D" author="Breitfuss" box="[845,1054,732,758]" pageId="16" pageNumber="28" refString="Breitfuss, L. (1898) Die Kalkschwamme der Sammlung Plate. (Fauna Chilensis, I). Zoologische Jahresbericht, H. 4, 455 - 470." type="journal article" year="1898">Breitfuss (1898)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F208D4C02BA7FD1E" box="[1069,1234,732,757]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="coronatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F208D4C02BA7FD1E" box="[1069,1234,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. coronatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F2F9D4C02E37FCF7" authority="Haeckel, 1872" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1872" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="variety" variety="commutata">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F336D4C02AE8FD1E" box="[1299,1437,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">commutata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD3537F48F6B2D51E2E37FCF7" author="Haeckel" box="[151,322,770,796]" pageId="16" pageNumber="29" refString="Haeckel, E. (1872) Die Kalkschwamme, eine Monographie. Berlin Reimer, vols. 1 - 3." type="book chapter" year="1872">Haeckel, 1872</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD3537F48F7FED51E2DE8FCF7" author="Breitfuss" box="[475,669,770,796]" pageId="16" pageNumber="28" refString="Breitfuss, L. (1898) Die Kalkschwamme der Sammlung Plate. (Fauna Chilensis, I). Zoologische Jahresbericht, H. 4, 455 - 470." type="journal article" year="1898">Breitfuss (1898)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F48CD51E2C8EFCF7" authority="Breitfuss, 1898" authorityName="Breitfuss" authorityYear="1898" box="[681,1019,770,796]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="incrustans">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F48CD51E2C4AFCF0" box="[681,831,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. incrustans</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD3537F48F563D51E2C8EFCF7" author="Breitfuss" box="[838,1019,770,796]" pageId="16" pageNumber="28" refString="Breitfuss, L. (1898) Die Kalkschwamme der Sammlung Plate. (Fauna Chilensis, I). Zoologische Jahresbericht, H. 4, 455 - 470." type="journal article" year="1898">Breitfuss, 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, originally described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8CFF3BADD3537F48F312D51E2A0FFCF7" box="[1335,1402,770,796]" name="Chile" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F3A3D51E2D3DFCA8" authority="Ellis & Solander, 1786" authorityName="Ellis & Solander" authorityYear="1786" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="coronatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F3A3D51E2E62FCA9" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. coronatum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD3537F48F702D5352D35FCA8" author="Ellis" box="[295,576,809,835]" pageId="16" pageNumber="28" refString="Ellis, J. & Solander, D. (1786) The Natural History of many curious and uncommon Zoophytes collected from various parts of the Globe. London: Benjamin White & Son. 206 pp." type="book" year="1786">Ellis & Solander, 1786</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD3537F48F4C2D5352CF9FCA8" author="Tanita" box="[743,908,809,835]" pageId="16" pageNumber="29" refString="Tanita, S. (1942) Report on the calcareous sponges obtained by the Zoological Institute and Museum of Hamburg. Part II. Science Reports of the Tohoku University, 17 (2): 105 - 135." type="journal article" year="1942">Tanita (1942)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F5E9D5352BA9FCA8" authority="Kirk, 1897" authorityName="Kirk" authorityYear="1897" box="[972,1244,809,835]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="ornatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F5E9D5352B25FCA9" box="[972,1104,809,834]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. ornatum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD3537F48F27DD5352BA9FCA8" author="Kirk" box="[1112,1244,809,835]" pageId="16" pageNumber="29" refString="Kirk, H. B. (1897) Notes on New Zealand sponges. Fourth paper. Transactions of the New Zealand Institute, 30, 313 - 316." type="journal article" year="1897">Kirk, 1897</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, cited by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD3537F48F377D5352F9CFC81" author="Tanita" pageId="16" pageNumber="29" refString="Tanita, S. (1942) Report on the calcareous sponges obtained by the Zoological Institute and Museum of Hamburg. Part II. Science Reports of the Tohoku University, 17 (2): 105 - 135." type="journal article" year="1942">Tanita (1942)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F6D1D54C2EE5FC82" box="[244,400,848,873]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="coronatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F6D1D54C2EE5FC82" box="[244,400,848,873]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. coronatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was synonymised to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F4AAD54C2C95FC81" authority="Fabricius, 1780" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1780" box="[655,992,848,874]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="ciliatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F4AAD54C2C7BFC82" box="[655,782,848,873]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. ciliatum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD3537F48F538D54C2CADFC81" author="Fabricius" box="[797,984,848,874]" pageId="16" pageNumber="29" refString="Fabricius, O. (1780) Fauna Groenlandica. Hafnae et Lipsiae." type="book" year="1780">Fabricius, 1780</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD3537F48F228D54C2BC3FC81" author="Burton" box="[1037,1206,848,874]" pageId="16" pageNumber="28" refString="Burton, M. (1963) A Revision of the Classification of the Calcareous Sponges. London: British Museum (Natural History). 693 pp." type="book" year="1963">Burton (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and this synonymy was subsequently accepted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD3537F48F424D56A2DBBFC7B" author="Borojevic" box="[513,718,886,912]" pageId="16" pageNumber="28" refString="Borojevic, R. (1967) Importance de l'etude de la repartition ecologique pour la taxonomie des eponges calcaires. Helgolander Wissenschaftliche Meeresunters, 15, 116 - 119." type="journal article" year="1967">Borojevic (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The same happened to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F5CFD56B2BEAFC7B" box="[1002,1183,887,912]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="commutatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F5CFD56B2BEAFC7B" box="[1002,1183,887,912]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. commutatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as it was a variety of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F6B2D5812E47FC5D" box="[151,306,925,950]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="coronatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F6B2D5812E47FC5D" box="[151,306,925,950]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. coronatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, however, we decided not to consider this synonym until a revision of the genus is done.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3537F48F6E0D5D82CBBFBB9" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,1647]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8CFF3BADD3537F48F6E0D5D82F9DFC35" box="[197,232,964,990]" name="American Samoa" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
the Chilean specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F465D5D82D9EFC36" box="[576,747,964,989]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="coronatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F465D5D82D9EFC36" box="[576,747,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. coronatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F4D1D5D82CCFFC36" box="[756,954,964,990]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="variety" variety="commutata">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F508D5D82CCFFC36" box="[813,954,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">commutata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F5EED5D82B10FC36" box="[971,1125,964,989]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="raphanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F5EED5D82B10FC36" box="[971,1125,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. raphanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F24BD5D82A31FC36" box="[1134,1348,964,990]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="variety" variety="proboscidea">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F282D5D82A31FC36" box="[1191,1348,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">proboscidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F3A0D5D82E6DFBE8" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="coronatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F3A0D5D82E6DFBE8" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. coronatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were not formally described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD3537F48F486D5F62C1CFBEF" author="Breitfuss" box="[675,873,1002,1028]" pageId="16" pageNumber="28" refString="Breitfuss, L. (1898) Die Kalkschwamme der Sammlung Plate. (Fauna Chilensis, I). Zoologische Jahresbericht, H. 4, 455 - 470." type="journal article" year="1898">Breitfuss (1898)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD3537F48F580D5F62B3EFBEF" author="Tanita" box="[933,1099,1002,1028]" pageId="16" pageNumber="29" refString="Tanita, S. (1942) Report on the calcareous sponges obtained by the Zoological Institute and Museum of Hamburg. Part II. Science Reports of the Tohoku University, 17 (2): 105 - 135." type="journal article" year="1942">Tanita (1942)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, we could not confirm their identifications. Therefore, we compared
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F45AD20D2C51FBC1" box="[639,804,1041,1066]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="huinayense" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F45AD20D2C51FBC1" box="[639,804,1041,1066]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. huinayense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DDAF1A54D3537F48F509D20C2CF8FBC1" box="[812,909,1040,1066]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F509D20C2CF8FBC1" bold="true" box="[812,909,1040,1066]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
to the original descriptions of these species instead, pending a re-examination of Breitfuss’ and Tanita’s materials.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3537F48F6E0D2422C6BFB74" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,1647]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
The presence of a suboscular region in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F484D2432C32FB93" box="[673,839,1119,1144]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="huinayense" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F484D2432C32FB93" box="[673,839,1119,1144]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. huinayense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DDAF1A54D3537F48F56AD2422CDAFB93" box="[847,943,1118,1144]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F56AD2422CDAFB93" bold="true" box="[847,943,1118,1144]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
differentiate it from all other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F33ED2432A17FB93" box="[1307,1378,1119,1144]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F33ED2432A17FB93" box="[1307,1378,1119,1144]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Sycon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. cited for
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8CFF3BADD3537F48F725D2992E37FB74" box="[256,322,1157,1183]" name="Chile" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but further differences were also found.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3537F48F6E0D2B02C5FF984" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,1647]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F6E0D2B02E12FB2E" box="[197,359,1196,1221]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="huinayense" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F6E0D2B02E12FB2E" box="[197,359,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. huinayense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DDAF1A54D3537F48F74BD2B72EB9FB2E" box="[366,460,1195,1221]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F74BD2B72EB9FB2E" bold="true" box="[366,460,1195,1221]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
can be also differentiated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F563D2B02C97FB2E" box="[838,994,1196,1221]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="coronatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F563D2B02C97FB2E" box="[838,994,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. coronatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the size of the apical actine of the atrial tetractines, which is as long as the basal actines in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F509D2CF2CBDFB07" box="[812,968,1235,1260]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="coronatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F509D2CF2CBDFB07" box="[812,968,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. coronatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and much shorter than the basal actines in our species. This distinctive feature is also present in the former variety of
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F2AAD2E52A37FAF9" box="[1167,1346,1273,1298]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F2AAD2E52A48FAF9" box="[1167,1341,1273,1298]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="coronatum">S. coronatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
viz.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F3A0D2E52E5BFAD2" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="commutatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F3A0D2E52E5BFAD2" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. commutatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F718D33C2D74FAD2" box="[317,513,1312,1337]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="proboscideum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F718D33C2D74FAD2" box="[317,513,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. proboscideum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can also be differentiated by the size of the diactines, which is much larger in this species (
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F70BD35B2E2DFA8B" box="[302,344,1351,1376]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">e.g.</emphasis>
|
||
1000 to 3000 µm long and 30 to 40 µm thick) and organised differently, with a single largest diactine in the centre of each tuft of diactines of the cone. Besides,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="907906CCD3537F48F591D3712B1CFA6C" author="Haeckel" box="[948,1129,1389,1415]" pageId="16" pageNumber="29" refString="Haeckel, E. (1872) Die Kalkschwamme, eine Monographie. Berlin Reimer, vols. 1 - 3." type="book chapter" year="1872">Haeckel (1872)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned that the apical actine of the atrial tetractines was a little shorter than the basal actines, while in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F244D3882A72FA46" box="[1121,1287,1428,1453]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="huinayense" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F244D3882A72FA46" box="[1121,1287,1428,1453]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. huinayense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DDAF1A54D3537F48F32AD38F2A1AFA46" box="[1295,1391,1427,1453]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F32AD38F2A1AFA46" bold="true" box="[1295,1391,1427,1453]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
the apical actine is much shorter. In relation to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F4B5D3A72C52FA3F" box="[656,807,1467,1492]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="incrustans">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F4B5D3A72C52FA3F" box="[656,807,1467,1492]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. incrustans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the atrial skeleton is composed only of triactines and rare tetractines with vestigial apical actine. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F49DD3FD2C2FFA11" box="[696,858,1505,1530]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="huinayense" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F49DD3FD2C2FFA11" box="[696,858,1505,1530]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. huinayense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DDAF1A54D3537F48F547D3FC2CB5FA11" box="[866,960,1504,1530]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F547D3FC2CB5FA11" bold="true" box="[866,960,1504,1530]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
atrial tetractines are abundant (although less abundant than the triactines) and their apical actines are not vestigial. Finally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F247D0142B96F9CA" box="[1122,1251,1544,1569]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="ornatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F247D0142B96F9CA" box="[1122,1251,1544,1569]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. ornatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a species from the Cook Strait, can be differentiated by the thickness of all actines (thinner in the new species) and by the absence of triactines in the atrial skeleton of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3537F48F486D0492C56F985" box="[675,803,1621,1646]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="ornatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3537F48F486D0492C56F985" box="[675,803,1621,1646]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. ornatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="A0972BB5D3527F49F6B2D0CC2BD4F8E1" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187100/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" targetBox="[187,1403,194,1716]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3527F49F6B2D0CC2BD4F8E1" blockId="17.[151,1436,1744,1803]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3527F49F6B2D0CC2E69F903" bold="true" box="[151,284,1744,1768]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
|
||
Specimens
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3527F49F7BAD0CD2E97F903" box="[415,482,1745,1768]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
: A—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3527F49F43AD0CD2D90F903" box="[543,741,1745,1768]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Clathrina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fjordica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3527F49F43AD0CD2D90F903" box="[543,741,1745,1768]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Clathrina fjordica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DDAF1A54D3527F49F4C9D0CC2C36F903" box="[748,835,1744,1768]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3527F49F4C9D0CC2C36F903" bold="true" box="[748,835,1744,1768]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
; B—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3527F49F55AD0CD2B4FF903" box="[895,1082,1745,1768]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Guancha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="ramosa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3527F49F55AD0CD2B4FF903" box="[895,1082,1745,1768]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Guancha ramosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DDAF1A54D3527F49F264D0CC2BEDF903" box="[1089,1176,1744,1768]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3527F49F264D0CC2BEDF903" bold="true" box="[1089,1176,1744,1768]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
; C—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3527F49F2F1D0CD2A01F903" box="[1236,1396,1745,1768]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucaltidae" genus="Leucaltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nuda" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3527F49F2F1D0CD2A01F903" box="[1236,1396,1745,1768]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Leucaltis nuda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DDAF1A54D3527F49F359D0CC2FB0F8E1" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3527F49F359D0CC2FCBF8E0" bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
; D—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3527F49F724D0EF2E86F8E1" box="[257,499,1779,1802]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3527F49F724D0EF2E86F8E1" box="[257,499,1779,1802]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Leucosolenia australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; E—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3527F49F409D0EF2D9FF8E1" box="[556,746,1779,1802]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="huinayense" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3527F49F409D0EF2D9FF8E1" box="[556,746,1779,1802]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Sycon huinayense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DDAF1A54D3527F49F4D4D0EF2C30F8E1" box="[753,837,1779,1803]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3527F49F4D4D0EF2C4AF8E0" bold="true" box="[753,831,1779,1803]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
; F—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3527F49F558D0EF2B33F8E1" box="[893,1094,1779,1802]" class="Calcarea" family="Heteropiidae" genus="Sycettusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="chilensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3527F49F558D0EF2B33F8E1" box="[893,1094,1779,1802]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Sycettusa chilensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DDAF1A54D3527F49F269D0EF2BD4F8E1" box="[1100,1185,1779,1803]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3527F49F269D0EF2BEFF8E0" bold="true" box="[1100,1178,1779,1803]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="A0972BB5D3517F4AF6B2D68B2AE8FF44" box="[151,1437,151,175]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3517F4AF6B2D68B2AE8FF44" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2027]" box="[151,1437,151,175]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3517F4AF6B2D68B2E7AFF44" bold="true" box="[151,271,151,175]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">TABLE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
Spicules measurements of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33E800BED3517F4AF4D0D6842CC8FF44" box="[757,957,152,175]" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="huinayense" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3517F4AF4D0D6842CC8FF44" box="[757,957,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Sycon huinayense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DDAF1A54D3517F4AF5E1D68B2B6AFF44" box="[964,1055,151,175]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="C69CA72FD3517F4AF5E1D68B2B6AFF44" bold="true" box="[964,1055,151,175]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(IZUA-POR-0118) and paratypes
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3517F4AF6B2D6A62EA4FF3A" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2027]" box="[151,465,186,209]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(MNRJ 8147, MNRJ 12372).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3517F4AF7ABD6F12A5BFEC1" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Spicule Length (µm) Width (µm) n min mean s max mean s</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3517F4AF6BCD7252AF3FCFD" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">IZUA-POR-0118 Diactine I 241.5 343.0 59.2 493.5 7.6 1.3 30 Diactine II 315.0 673.1 390.2 1,449.0 14.2 4.8 30 Triactine from the Unpaired 49.5 70.6 12.6 92.4 6.2 0.7 30 cones Paired 72.6 95.0 9.4 115.5 6.2 0.7 30 Tubar triactine Unpaired 89.1 135.1 30.6 217.8 6.8 0.5 30 Paired 69.3 84.6 9.6 112.2 6.2 0.7 30 Subatrial triactine Unpaired 93.6 127.5 18.3 150.8 6.8 1.0 30 Paired 44.2 80.8 12.4 109.2 5.5 0.6 30 Atrial triactine Unpaired 81.6 127.3 27.5 195.0 6.8 0.8 30 Paired 59.8 86.1 18.3 124.8 5.6 0.7 30 Atrial tetractine Unpaired 91.0 160.4 28.7 208.0 7.6 0.5 20 Paired 57.2 106.0 30.4 150.8 6.8 0.9 20 Apical 30 40.5 5.4 50.0 7.5 0.0 20</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3517F4AF6BCD5392AF3FAE9" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">MNRJ 8147 Diactine I 220.5 394.2 117.5 724.5 6.9 1.7 26 Diactine II 367.5 804.3 445.8 2,100.0 12.8 4.1 30 Triactine from the Unpaired 39.0 61.8 13.2 91.0 5.5 0.5 20 cones Paired 65.0 87.6 10.3 101.4 5.5 0.5 20 Tubar triactine Unpaired 91.0 115.8 21.8 156.0 6.0 0.8 20 Paired 70.2 88.9 11.0 106.6 5.7 0.7 20 Subatrial triactine Unpaired 104.0 149.8 16.7 176.8 6.6 1.2 20 Paired 57.2 81.4 11.7 104.0 5.5 0.6 20 Atrial triactine Unpaired 85.8 128.8 28.9 195.0 6.0 0.8 20 Paired 65.0 91.7 24.2 143.0 5.5 0.8 20 Atrial tetractine Unpaired 91.0 133.1 33.7 189.8 7.4 0.8 11 Paired 83.2 121.5 22.1 156.0 6.6 0.9 11 Apical 18.2 32.1 5.9 44.2 7.3 0.9 20</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BCF228B6D3517F4AF6BCD30D2AEFF800" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3517F4AF6BCD30D2AF3F904" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">MNRJ 12372 Diactine I 315.0 386.9 58.7 525.0 6.9 1.4 20 Diactine II 294.0 646.8 371.4 1,365.0 13.2 4.3 30 Triactine from the Unpaired 46.8 70.7 11.6 96.2 7.3 0.8 20 cones Paired 57.2 84.0 15.9 114.4 6.6 0.7 20 Tubar triactine Unpaired 70.2 113.5 23.4 174.2 7.0 1.0 20 Paired 59.8 84.1 10.7 104.0 6.2 1.2 20 Subatrial triactine Unpaired 98.8 132.1 22.8 169.0 6.6 1.1 20 Paired 57.2 78.3 11.2 96.2 5.2 0.0 20 Atrial triactine Unpaired 70.2 150.2 47.5 236.6 8.3 0.9 20 Paired 49.4 95.7 27.0 158.6 7.2 1.0 20 Atrial tetractine Unpaired 122.2 140.0 20.1 166.4 7.8 0.0 6 Paired 65.0 110.5 34.8 156.0 6.5 1.4 6 Apical 31.2 37.1 6.2 52.0 7.7 0.9 20</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3517F4AF6BCD0E12EBEF868" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">All specimens Diactine I 220.5 374.7 27.7 724.5 7.1 0.4 - Diactine II 294.0 708.1 84.4 2,100.0 13.4 0.7 - Triactine from the Unpaired 39.0 67.7 5.1 96.2 6.3 0.9 - cones</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4577B3DD3517F4AF4A3D1942AEFF800" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Paired 57.2 88.9 5.6 115.5 6.1 0.6 - Tubar triactine Unpaired 70.2 121.5 11.9 217.8 6.6 0.5 - to be continued.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |