336 lines
36 KiB
XML
336 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="DB5CA2986B5DE1D31BAA94506F847F20" ID-CLB-Dataset="45370" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.215126" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7b3ca294-d1e3-48a3-973f-5f002e9d20e2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="215126" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460444712012" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hunger, Holger & Schiel, Franz-Josef" docDate="2012" docId="039BA549FFA8FFE0FF18FABCFAC3F9F3" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03202p050.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3202" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Protallagma Kennedy 1920" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="46" masterDocId="FFA2DD31FFBAFFF2FF8FFA6BFFDEFFF3" masterDocTitle="Description of Protallagma hoffmanni sp. nov. from the Peruvian Andes (Odonata: Coenagrionidae), including description of its larva" masterLastPageNumber="50" masterPageNumber="28" pageNumber="46" updateTime="1698333227736" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="CD2C1DEAEE41B2998408C15896010C49">Description of Protallagma hoffmanni sp. nov. from the Peruvian Andes (Odonata: Coenagrionidae), including description of its larva</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="83A15FE0C80F2E9AE02E2BB52E5D3A24">Schiel, Franz-Josef</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="590E26DA4D80C2B87A280B0DEFCA2399">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E27A1AD38F8A9F9C3FCB57F9C3CA9738">2012</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="8B8D145FFFA8FFE0FF18FABCFBA5FF03" blockId="18.[151,1437,215,1537]" box="[151,1147,215,240]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">
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<heading id="D0C5A333FFA8FFE0FF18FABCFBA5FF03" bold="true" box="[151,1147,215,240]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FF18FABCFBA5FF03" bold="true" box="[151,1147,215,240]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">
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Differentiation between
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<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FE38FABCFD23FF03" ID-CoL="6XCQ" authority="Kennedy, 1920" authorityName="Kennedy" authorityYear="1920" box="[439,765,215,240]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Protallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FE38FABCFD98FF03" bold="true" box="[439,582,215,240]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Protallagma</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA369AEFFA8FFE0FDC2FAB3FD23FF03" author="Kennedy" box="[589,765,215,240]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" refString="Kennedy, C, H. (1920) Forty-two hitherto unrecognized genera and subgenera of Zygoptera. Ohio Journal of Science, 21 (2), 83 - 88." type="journal article" year="1920">Kennedy, 1920</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FCB7FABCFBA5FF03" authority="Kennedy, 1920" authorityName="Kennedy" authorityYear="1920" box="[824,1147,215,240]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Oxyallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FCB7FABCFC1AFF03" bold="true" box="[824,964,215,240]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Oxyallagma</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA369AEFFA8FFE0FC44FAB3FBA5FF03" author="Kennedy" box="[971,1147,215,240]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" refString="Kennedy, C, H. (1920) Forty-two hitherto unrecognized genera and subgenera of Zygoptera. Ohio Journal of Science, 21 (2), 83 - 88." type="journal article" year="1920">Kennedy, 1920</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32847D4FFA8FFE0FF46FA97FAC3F9F3" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8D145FFFA8FFE0FF46FA97FB36FE1F" blockId="18.[151,1437,215,1537]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">
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The genus names
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<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FE17FA97FDFBFEE7" box="[408,549,252,276]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Protallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FE17FA97FDFBFEE7" box="[408,549,252,276]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Protallagma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FDEFFA97FD37FEE7" box="[608,745,252,276]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Oxyallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FDEFFA97FD37FEE7" box="[608,745,252,276]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Oxyallagma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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were both introduced by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA369AEFFA8FFE0FB9DFA97FB10FEE7" author="Kennedy" box="[1042,1230,252,276]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" refString="Kennedy, C, H. (1920) Forty-two hitherto unrecognized genera and subgenera of Zygoptera. Ohio Journal of Science, 21 (2), 83 - 88." type="journal article" year="1920">Kennedy (1920)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FB54FA97FAB9FEE7" box="[1243,1383,252,276]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Protallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FB54FA97FAB9FEE7" box="[1243,1383,252,276]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Protallagma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was applied to the
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<typeStatus id="5489AAFDFFA8FFE0FEBAFB4BFEBBFECB" box="[309,357,288,312]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">type</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FE04FB4BFCECFEC4" authority="Calvert 1909" authorityName="Calvert" authorityYear="1909" box="[395,818,287,312]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Amphiagrion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="titicacae">
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<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FE04FB4BFD5BFECB" box="[395,645,288,312]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Amphiagrion titicacae</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA369AEFFA8FFE0FD1BFB74FCF5FEC4" author="Calvert" box="[660,811,287,311]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" refString="Calvert, P. P. (1909) Contributions to a knowledge of the Odonata of the Neotropical Region, exclusive of Central Mexico. Annals of the Carnegie Museum, 6, 73 - 290." type="journal article" year="1909">Calvert 1909</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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, a species also bearing the synonym
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<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FB42FB4BFEA4FEAF" authority="Forster, 1909" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1909" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Protallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andinum">
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<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FB42FB4BFF19FEAF" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Protallagma andinum</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA369AEFFA8FFE0FF58FB2FFEACFEAF" author="Forster" box="[215,370,324,348]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" refString="Forster, F. (1909) Beitrage zu den Gattungen und Arten der Libellen. Jahrbucher des Nassauischen Vereins fur Naturkunde, 62, 211 - 235." type="journal article" year="1909">Förster, 1909</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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. The genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FD8CFB2FFD52FEAF" box="[515,652,324,348]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Oxyallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FD8CFB2FFD52FEAF" box="[515,652,324,348]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Oxyallagma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was applied to
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<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FCCFFB2EFB17FEAF" authority="Selys, 1876" authorityName="Selys" authorityYear="1876" box="[832,1225,324,348]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Oxyagrion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissidens">
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<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FCCFFB2EFBF8FEAF" box="[832,1062,324,348]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Oxyagrion dissidens</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA369AEFFA8FFE0FBB8FB2FFB1EFEAF" author="Selys" box="[1079,1216,324,348]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" refString="Selys-Longchamps, E. de (1876) Synopsis des Agrionines, 5 me legion: Agrion (suite). Le genre Agrion. Extrait des Bulletins de l'Academie Royale de Belgique 2 me ser., I. XLI, nos 2 et 3." type="journal article" year="1876">Selys, 1876</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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. However, the differentiation between the genera
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<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FE74FB03FD59FE73" box="[507,647,360,384]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Protallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FE74FB03FD59FE73" box="[507,647,360,384]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Protallagma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FD32FB03FC98FE73" box="[701,838,360,384]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Oxyallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FD32FB03FC98FE73" box="[701,838,360,384]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Oxyallagma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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posed some difficulties in the past. In 1939, Kennedy received more than thousand specimens of a red and blue damselfly from
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<collectingCountry id="F32554CFFFA8FFE0FC5FFBE7FBF3FE57" box="[976,1069,396,420]" name="Ecuador" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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which he considered a new
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<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FAE5FBE6FF25FE3B" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Protallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FAE5FBE6FF25FE3B" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Protallagma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species. He described it as
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<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FDA0FBDBFC04FE34" authority="Kennedy, 1939" authorityName="Kennedy" authorityYear="1939" box="[559,986,431,456]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Protallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="runtuni">
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<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FDA0FBDBFCCAFE3B" box="[559,788,432,456]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Protallagma runtuni</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA369AEFFA8FFE0FCACFBC4FC0CFE34" author="Kennedy" box="[803,978,431,455]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" refString="Kennedy, C. H. (1939) Protallagma runtuni n. sp. of dragonfly from Ecuador with notes on the genus. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 32 (1), 117 - 187." type="journal article" year="1939">Kennedy, 1939</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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, but later (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA369AEFFA8FFE0FBDEFBC4FB23FE34" author="Kennedy" box="[1105,1277,431,455]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" refString="Kennedy, C. H. (1946) Protallagma runtuni Kennedy, 1939, a synonym of Oxyallagma dissidens (Selys), 1876: Notes on Oxyagrion and related genera. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 39 (3), 381 - 382." type="journal article" year="1946">Kennedy, 1946</bibRefCitation>
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) recognised it was identical with
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<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FEE5FBBFFD21FE1F" authority="Selys, 1876" authorityName="Selys" authorityYear="1876" box="[362,767,468,492]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Oxyallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissidens">
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<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FEE5FBBFFDBEFE1F" box="[362,608,468,492]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Oxyallagma dissidens</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA369AEFFA8FFE0FDE0FBBFFD29FE1F" author="Selys" box="[623,759,468,492]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" refString="Selys-Longchamps, E. de (1876) Synopsis des Agrionines, 5 me legion: Agrion (suite). Le genre Agrion. Extrait des Bulletins de l'Academie Royale de Belgique 2 me ser., I. XLI, nos 2 et 3." type="journal article" year="1876">Selys, 1876</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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. Thus, both genera remained monospecific.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8D145FFFA8FFE0FF46FB93FBE1FDA4" blockId="18.[151,1437,215,1537]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">
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<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FF46FB93FE88FDE3" box="[201,342,504,528]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Protallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FF46FB93FE88FDE3" box="[201,342,504,528]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Protallagma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FE1FFB93FDC7FDE3" box="[400,537,504,528]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Oxyallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FE1FFB93FDC7FDE3" box="[400,537,504,528]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Oxyallagma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have indeed many similarities at first sight, but apart from
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<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FB47FB93FA8BFDE3" box="[1224,1365,504,528]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Protallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FB47FB93FA8BFDE3" box="[1224,1365,504,528]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Protallagma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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being more compact and sturdy than the comparatively slender
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<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FCA3F877FC6BFDC7" box="[812,949,540,564]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Oxyallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FCA3F877FC6BFDC7" box="[812,949,540,564]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Oxyallagma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and different patterns in the red and blue coloration of the abdomen, there are several clear characteristics setting them apart:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8D145FFFA8FFE0FF46F80FFD96FC84" blockId="18.[151,1437,215,1537]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">
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1. The first and clearest trait is the different shape of the male appendages.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA369AEFFA8FFE0FB81F80FFB23FD8F" author="Kennedy" box="[1038,1277,612,636]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" refString="Kennedy, C. H. (1939) Protallagma runtuni n. sp. of dragonfly from Ecuador with notes on the genus. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 32 (1), 117 - 187." type="journal article" year="1939">Kennedy (1939: 184)</bibRefCitation>
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states that the upper appendages of both genera are “mitten-shaped” seen from the side—suggesting relationship to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FF18F8C7FECCFD37" box="[151,274,684,708]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Enallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FF18F8C7FECCFD37" box="[151,274,684,708]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Enallagma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. While the downward-pointing ventro-apical process or “thumb” of the “mittens” of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FB71F8C6FAA0FD37" box="[1278,1406,685,708]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Amphiagrion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="titicacae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FB71F8C6FAA0FD37" box="[1278,1406,685,708]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">P. titicacae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is small—it is much more pronounced in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FDC3F8BAFD07FD1B" box="[588,729,720,744]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Protallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FDC3F8BAFD07FD1B" box="[588,729,720,744]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">P. hoffmanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—it is even smaller in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FC58F8BBFB12FD1B" box="[983,1228,720,744]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Oxyallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissidens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FC58F8BBFB12FD1B" box="[983,1228,720,744]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Oxyallagma dissidens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, however, making it hard to describe the cerci as “mitten-shaped.” In
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FD5EF89EFCBFFCFF" box="[721,865,756,780]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FD5EF89EFC82FCFF" box="[721,860,756,780]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Oxyallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissidens">O. dissidens</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
there are in fact two ventro-apical processes in the cercus, visible in mediodorsal or medial view (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA369AEFFA8FFE0FD2EF97CFC58FCDC" author="Garrison" box="[673,902,791,816]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" refString="Garrison, R. W., von Ellenrieder, N. & Louton, J. A. (2010) Damselfly Genera of the New World: An Illustrated and Annotated Key to the Zygoptera. The Johns Hopkins University Press, 490 pp." type="book" year="2010">
|
||
Garrison
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FC83F972FC9AFCC3" box="[780,836,792,816]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 305, Fig. 1972), whereas only one is present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FF18F956FECDFCA7" box="[151,275,829,852]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Amphiagrion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="titicacae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FF18F956FECDFCA7" box="[151,275,829,852]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">P. titicacae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA369AEFFA8FFE0FEADF957FDD6FCA7" author="Garrison" box="[290,520,828,852]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" refString="Garrison, R. W., von Ellenrieder, N. & Louton, J. A. (2010) Damselfly Genera of the New World: An Illustrated and Annotated Key to the Zygoptera. The Johns Hopkins University Press, 490 pp." type="book" year="2010">
|
||
Garrison
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FE02F956FE1BFCA7" box="[397,453,828,852]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 310, Fig. 2007). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FD62F957FCA8FCA7" box="[749,886,828,852]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Oxyallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FD62F957FCA8FCA7" box="[749,886,828,852]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Oxyallagma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it is rather the paraprocts that resemble a mitten with a stout “thumb” pointing upward.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D145FFFA8FFE0FF46F9EFFCECFC17" blockId="18.[151,1437,215,1537]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">
|
||
2. A second trait can be found on the pronotum: The edge of the pronotum hind lobe of males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FA9DF9EEFA42FC6F" box="[1298,1436,900,924]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Oxyallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissidens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FA9DF9EEFA42FC6F" box="[1298,1436,900,924]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">O. dissidens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is almost perfectly straight and thus different from both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FC8AF9C2FC5EFC33" box="[773,896,937,960]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Amphiagrion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="titicacae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FC8AF9C2FC5EFC33" box="[773,896,937,960]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">P. titicacae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FC39F9C2FB9DFC33" box="[950,1091,936,960]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Protallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FC39F9C2FB9DFC33" box="[950,1091,936,960]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">P. hoffmanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The female pronotum of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FAEAF9C3FF2DFC17" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Oxyallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FAEAF9C3FF2DFC17" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Oxyallagma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is different from both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FE7FF9A7FDA3FC17" box="[496,637,972,996]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Protallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FE7FF9A7FDA3FC17" box="[496,637,972,996]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Protallagma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species as well.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D145FFFA8FFE0FF46F99BFE42FBA3" blockId="18.[151,1437,215,1537]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">
|
||
3. The apex of S10 of both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FE71F99BFD55FBFB" box="[510,651,1008,1032]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Protallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FE71F99BFD55FBFB" box="[510,651,1008,1032]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Protallagma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species lacks the pair of small tubercles present on the posterior margin of S
|
||
<quantity id="4CCAB9BAFFA8FFE0FF7DFE7FFEF0FBDF" box="[242,302,1044,1068]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
|
||
males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FE2EFE7EFDF2FBDF" box="[417,556,1044,1068]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Oxyallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissidens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FE2EFE7EFDF2FBDF" box="[417,556,1044,1068]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">O. dissidens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA369AEFFA8FFE0FD2FFE7FFC94FBDF" author="Kennedy" box="[672,842,1044,1068]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" refString="Kennedy, C, H. (1920) Forty-two hitherto unrecognized genera and subgenera of Zygoptera. Ohio Journal of Science, 21 (2), 83 - 88." type="journal article" year="1920">Kennedy 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 86;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA369AEFFA8FFE0FC0CFE7FFBF3FBDF" author="Kennedy" box="[899,1069,1044,1068]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" refString="Kennedy, C. H. (1946) Protallagma runtuni Kennedy, 1939, a synonym of Oxyallagma dissidens (Selys), 1876: Notes on Oxyagrion and related genera. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 39 (3), 381 - 382." type="journal article" year="1946">Kennedy 1946</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 184;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA369AEFFA8FFE0FBFBFE7FFA80FBDF" author="Garrison" box="[1140,1374,1044,1068]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" refString="Garrison, R. W., von Ellenrieder, N. & Louton, J. A. (2010) Damselfly Genera of the New World: An Illustrated and Annotated Key to the Zygoptera. The Johns Hopkins University Press, 490 pp." type="book" year="2010">
|
||
Garrison
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FB50FE7EFAC7FBDF" box="[1247,1305,1044,1068]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 305, 310, Figs. 1973, 2007).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D145FFFA8FFE0FF46FE37FA96FB4F" blockId="18.[151,1437,215,1537]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">
|
||
4. This trait applies to both sexes and is also described and depicted in von
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA369AEFFA8FFE0FB9FFE37FA42FB87" author="Ellenrieder" box="[1040,1436,1116,1140]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" refString="von Ellenrieder, N. & Garrison, R. W. (2009) Odonata, pp. 95 - 143. In: Dominguez, E. & Fernandez, H. R. (Eds.). Macroinvertebrados bentonicos sudamericanos. Fundacion Miguel Lillo, Tucuman, xvi + 654 pp." type="book chapter" year="2009">Ellenrieder & Garrison (2009: 130)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA369AEFFA8FFE0FF47FEEBFE64FB6B" author="Garrison" box="[200,442,1152,1176]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" refString="Garrison, R. W., von Ellenrieder, N. & Louton, J. A. (2010) Damselfly Genera of the New World: An Illustrated and Annotated Key to the Zygoptera. The Johns Hopkins University Press, 490 pp." type="book" year="2010">
|
||
Garrison
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FEBDFEEAFEB2FB6B" box="[306,364,1152,1176]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 309–310, Fig. 2000): the venter of the thorax bears a “mound-like medial tubercle” in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FF18FECFFEFDFB4F" box="[151,291,1188,1212]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Protallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FF18FECFFEFDFB4F" box="[151,291,1188,1212]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Protallagma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This tubercle, which also exists in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FD3AFECFFC65FB4F" box="[693,955,1188,1212]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Protallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FD3AFECFFC65FB4F" box="[693,955,1188,1212]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Protallagma hoffmanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is much shallower in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FB37FECFFA9FFB4F" box="[1208,1345,1188,1212]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Oxyallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FB37FECFFA9FFB4F" box="[1208,1345,1188,1212]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Oxyallagma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D145FFFA8FFE0FF46FEA3FCACFA9C" blockId="18.[151,1437,215,1537]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">
|
||
5. The distal segment of the genital ligula in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FD40FEA3FC86FB13" box="[719,856,1224,1248]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Oxyallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FD40FEA3FC86FB13" box="[719,856,1224,1248]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Oxyallagma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has no inner fold proximal to the flexure but does have an inner transverse membranous fold bearing an inner process distal to the flexure, and one lateral lobe on each side (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA369AEFFA8FFE0FE9EFF64FE20FAD4" author="Garrison" box="[273,510,1295,1320]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" refString="Garrison, R. W., von Ellenrieder, N. & Louton, J. A. (2010) Damselfly Genera of the New World: An Illustrated and Annotated Key to the Zygoptera. The Johns Hopkins University Press, 490 pp." type="book" year="2010">
|
||
Garrison
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FEF1FF7AFE67FADB" box="[382,441,1296,1320]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 305, Figs.
|
||
<date id="FF8C329FFFA8FFE0FD09FF64FCD6FAD4" box="[646,776,1295,1319]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" value="1969" valueMax="1970">1969–1970</date>
|
||
), whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FC2DFF7AFBC1FADB" box="[930,1055,1297,1320]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Amphiagrion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="titicacae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FC2DFF7AFBC1FADB" box="[930,1055,1297,1320]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">P. titicacae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA369AEFFA8FFE0FBBFFF64FAC3FAD4" author="Garrison" box="[1072,1309,1295,1320]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" refString="Garrison, R. W., von Ellenrieder, N. & Louton, J. A. (2010) Damselfly Genera of the New World: An Illustrated and Annotated Key to the Zygoptera. The Johns Hopkins University Press, 490 pp." type="book" year="2010">
|
||
Garrison
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FB11FF7AFB06FADB" box="[1182,1240,1296,1320]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 310, Figs. 2005, 2006) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FED9FF5EFE3AFABF" box="[342,484,1332,1356]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Protallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FED9FF5EFE3AFABF" box="[342,484,1332,1356]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">P. hoffmanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="130908DAFFA8FFE0FE7CFF5FFD80FABF" box="[499,606,1332,1356]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 5. P" captionStart-1="FIGURE 6. P" captionStartId-0="4.[151,250,1989,2012]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,250,1571,1594]" captionTargetBox-0="[234,1332,1414,1957]" captionTargetId-0="figure@4.[233,1354,1401,1965]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 5. P. hoffmanni, genital ligula, taken from paratype, lateral view." captionText-1="FIGURE 6. P. hoffmanni, genital ligula, taken from paratype, ectal view." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/215130/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Figs. 5–6</figureCitation>
|
||
) it has an inner fold proximal to the flexure, no inner transverse membranous lobe distal to the flexure, and two lateral lobes on each side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D145FFFA8FFE0FF46FF17FAD6FA67" blockId="18.[151,1437,215,1537]" box="[201,1288,1404,1428]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">
|
||
6. A pale occipital bar (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA369AEFFA8FFE0FE40FF17FD6BFA67" author="Garrison" box="[463,693,1404,1428]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" refString="Garrison, R. W., von Ellenrieder, N. & Louton, J. A. (2010) Damselfly Genera of the New World: An Illustrated and Annotated Key to the Zygoptera. The Johns Hopkins University Press, 490 pp." type="book" year="2010">
|
||
Garrison
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FDB5FF16FDACFA67" box="[570,626,1404,1428]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 309) is present in both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FC4EFF16FBE3FA67" box="[961,1085,1405,1428]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Amphiagrion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="titicacae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FC4EFF16FBE3FA67" box="[961,1085,1405,1428]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">P. titicacae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FBFBFF16FADFFA67" box="[1140,1281,1404,1428]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Protallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FBFBFF16FADFFA67" box="[1140,1281,1404,1428]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">P. hoffmanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D145FFFA8FFE0FF46FFCAFAF7FA2F" blockId="18.[151,1437,215,1537]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">
|
||
7. Another trait, which may not have been mentioned in the literature, is that the pterostigma of both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FAC3FFCBFF03FA2F" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Protallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FAC3FFCBFF03FA2F" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Protallagma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species is clearly narrower than the comparatively elongate pterostigma of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FBA3FFAFFAFCFA2F" box="[1068,1314,1476,1500]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Oxyallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissidens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FBA3FFAFFAFCFA2F" box="[1068,1314,1476,1500]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Oxyallagma dissidens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D145FFFA8FFE0FF46FF8CFAC3F9F3" blockId="18.[151,1437,215,1537]" box="[201,1309,1511,1537]" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">
|
||
These characteristics lead to the conclusion that the new species belongs to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C326FDCFFA8FFE0FB05FF83FAC8F9F3" box="[1162,1302,1512,1536]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Protallagma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="18" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946C84DFFA8FFE0FB05FF83FAC8F9F3" box="[1162,1302,1512,1536]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="46">Protallagma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |