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<document id="C3D86F71405F2A84916BDE3937501041" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4000.2.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="40626382-319c-495b-8e83-bfcb5a2e2bac" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="234762" ID-ZooBank="7EDEDAEE-642C-4F9D-A04D-141815D73343" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461187673848" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Capa, Maria &amp; Bakken, Torkild" docDate="2015" docId="81007D798D55257FFF0FFA07FC731DA2" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04000p267.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4000 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Sphaerodoropsis heteropapillata Hartmann-Schroder 1987" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="254" masterDocId="7D3905018D4D2564FF98FF3CFFCB1F0A" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Australian Sphaerodoridae (Annelida) including the description of four new species" masterLastPageNumber="267" masterPageNumber="227" pageNumber="251" updateTime="1698599944063" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="DD9283CE46537B4F8757C3D020A0318E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="D5278A4B66BFC86B6F78E9009624B314">Revision of the Australian Sphaerodoridae (Annelida) including the description of four new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FAE09FD023CB97886268DD4D5A1A634F">Capa, Maria</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="EB995C76F324D8BC87C0C24A8363FCCB" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="A5D5F8C5D7DFFAB804883C9BD54A14F4">Bakken, Torkild</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="839A4B6C3696CB3BDB225F7528022E8B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="F8C72FE54D508E22B61E556687A935A6">2015</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="4923AA98ABD5AF621BE27174390AECA4" type="volume">
<mods:number id="8247C9C2F493717C965E782D4D29C81D">4000</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="A7E1B114F313026CC63FB7ABE6590D74" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4000.2.3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="662F37646D6076DBEE823980E07013C6" type="GBIF-Dataset">40626382-319c-495b-8e83-bfcb5a2e2bac</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9A81F91E5DEFC0D2EBBBE8C5BE2796BE" type="Zenodo-Dep">234762</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="81007D798D55257FFF0FFA07FC731DA2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5667467" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119628940" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5667467" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:81007D798D55257FFF0FFA07FC731DA2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/81007D798D55257FFF0FFA07FC731DA2" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="254" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">
<subSubSection id="41B39FE48D55257CFF0FFA07FEAD1A72" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="0916CC6F8D55257CFF0FFA07FC0F1A5F" blockId="24.[151,964,1339,1400]" box="[151,964,1339,1365]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">
<heading id="525E7B038D55257CFF0FFA07FC0F1A5F" bold="true" box="[151,964,1339,1365]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" reason="2">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D55257CFF0FFA07FC0F1A5F" bold="true" box="[151,964,1339,1365]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D55257CFF0FFA07FC861A5F" ID-CoL="6YWDH" authority="Hartmann-Schroder, 1987" authorityName="Hartmann-Schroder" authorityYear="1987" box="[151,845,1339,1365]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="heteropapillata">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D55257CFF0FFA07FDC61A5E" bold="true" box="[151,525,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">Sphaerodoropsis heteropapillata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6D38B19E8D55257CFD8CFA00FC861A5F" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[532,845,1340,1365]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" refString="Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1987) Zur kenntnis des Eulitorals der australischen Kusten unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Polychaeten und Ostracoden. Teil 13. Die Polychaeten der antiborealen Kuste von Victoria (Australien) (zwischen Warrnambool im Westen und Port Welshpool im Osten). Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 84, 27 - 66." type="journal article" year="1987">Hartmann-Schröder, 1987</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
new rank
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0916CC6F8D55257CFF0FFA63FEAD1A72" blockId="24.[151,964,1339,1400]" box="[151,358,1375,1400]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D55257CFF0FFA63FF171A72" box="[151,220,1375,1400]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1791,1813]" captionTargetBox="[156,1436,195,1738]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1739]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Schematic illustrations of the type and arrangement of tubercles on the dorsal and ventral surface of mid-body chaetigers. The number at the left side of the drawing refer to the chaetiger number. A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q, S: dorsal view. B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R, T: ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234767/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">Figs 4</figureCitation>
M–N,
<date id="7D17EAAF8D55257CFEBDFA63FEF41A72" box="[293,319,1375,1400]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">5I</date>
, 11
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="41B39FE48D55257CFF0FFA94FB9C1AB4" box="[151,1111,1448,1470]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="0916CC6F8D55257CFF0FFA94FB9C1AB4" blockId="24.[151,1111,1448,1470]" box="[151,1111,1448,1470]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="29B9EB418D55257CFF0FFA94FB9C1AB4" box="[151,1111,1448,1470]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D55257CFF0FFA94FC651AB4" ID-CoL="6YWDH" authority="Hartmann-Schroder, 1987: 50" authorityName="Hartmann-Schroder" authorityPageNumber="50" authorityYear="1987" box="[151,942,1448,1470]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" phylum="Annelida" rank="subSpecies" species="multipapillata" subSpecies="heteropapillata">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D55257CFF0FFA94FDB31AB4" box="[151,632,1448,1470]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">Sphaerodoropsis multipapillata heteropapillata</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="8808EA7E8D55257CFDE6FA94FC651AB4" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[638,942,1448,1470]" page="50" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" year="1987">
<bibRefCitation id="6D38B19E8D55257CFDE6FA94FC421AB4" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[638,905,1448,1470]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" refString="Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1987) Zur kenntnis des Eulitorals der australischen Kusten unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Polychaeten und Ostracoden. Teil 13. Die Polychaeten der antiborealen Kuste von Victoria (Australien) (zwischen Warrnambool im Westen und Port Welshpool im Osten). Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 84, 27 - 66." type="journal article" year="1987">Hartmann-Schröder, 1987</bibRefCitation>
: 50
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
–51, Figs 32–36.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="41B39FE48D55257CFF0FFAD9FA5E1814" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0916CC6F8D55257CFF0FFAD9FD4E1928" blockId="24.[151,1437,1509,2038]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D55257CFF0FFAD9FE3D1AF4" bold="true" box="[151,502,1509,1534]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">
Material examined.
<typeStatus id="D61272CD8D55257CFE11FAD9FE3D1AF4" box="[393,502,1509,1534]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="6FB854AA8D55257CFE65FADAFDF01AF7" box="[509,571,1510,1533]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">ZMH</collectionCode>
P.18875 Point Lonsdale, Geelong, Victoria,
<collectingCountry id="71BE8CFF8D55257CFBACFAD9FB561AF4" box="[1076,1181,1509,1534]" name="Australia" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">Australia</collectingCountry>
, Abrasion terrace near lighthouse, on coralline algae,
<date id="7D17EAAF8D55257CFE76F936FD4A1928" box="[494,641,1545,1570]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" value="1975-12-24">24 Dec 1975</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0916CC6F8D55257CFF5FF911FCB819F0" blockId="24.[151,1437,1509,2038]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D55257CFF5FF911FE79194C" bold="true" box="[199,434,1581,1606]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">Additional material</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D55257CFE58F911FD5A194C" bold="true" box="[448,657,1581,1606]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">
New South
<collectingCountry id="71BE8CFF8D55257CFDD1F911FD5A194C" box="[585,657,1581,1606]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">Wales</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: AM W.42683 (1 spec.), Split Solitary Island,
<geoCoordinate id="6C9DAAA88D55257CFB04F912FACF194C" box="[1180,1284,1582,1606]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" precision="925" value="-30.233334">30° 14' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="6C9DAAA88D55257CFA88F911FF601963" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" precision="15" value="153.18001">153° 10' 48&quot; E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="CE51618A8D55257CFF2EF96DFF3A1963" box="[182,241,1617,1642]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
,
<date id="7D17EAAF8D55257CFF65F96EFE491960" box="[253,386,1618,1642]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" value="1991-03-07">7 Mar 1991</date>
, mixed red algae; AM W.42686 (4 specs, 2 on SEM stubs), South Solitary Island,
<geoCoordinate id="6C9DAAA88D55257CFA86F96EFF631984" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" precision="15" value="-30.201944">30° 12' 07&quot; S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="6C9DAAA88D55257CFF2DF949FE941987" box="[181,351,1653,1678]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" precision="15" value="153.26639">153° 15' 59&quot; E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="CE51618A8D55257CFEF3F949FE771987" box="[363,444,1653,1678]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" unit="m" value="14.5">14.5 m</quantity>
,
<date id="7D17EAAF8D55257CFE51F94AFD9F1984" box="[457,596,1653,1678]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" value="2005-05-01">1 May 2005</date>
, coarse sediment; AM W.42684 (1 spec.), Burrill Rock, Ulladulla,
<geoCoordinate id="6C9DAAA88D55257CFAD4F949FF1D19B8" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" precision="15" value="-35.390278">35° 23' 25&quot; S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="6C9DAAA88D55257CFF7AF9A5FE4C19BB" box="[226,391,1689,1714]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" precision="15" value="150.46971">150° 28' 11&quot; E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="CE51618A8D55257CFE0AF9A6FE0619BB" box="[402,461,1690,1714]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
,
<date id="7D17EAAF8D55257CFE41F9A6FDA819B8" box="[473,611,1690,1714]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" value="1997-05-01">1 May 1997</date>
,
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D55257CFDF5F9A5FD1A19B8" box="[621,721,1689,1714]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Lessoniaceae" genus="Ecklonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Laminariales" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D55257CFDF5F9A5FD1A19B8" box="[621,721,1689,1714]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">Ecklonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
holdfasts.
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D55257CFCD3F9A5FC7619B8" bold="true" box="[843,957,1689,1714]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">Tasmania</emphasis>
: AM W.42678 (2 specs), Maquarie Island,
<geoCoordinate id="6C9DAAA88D55257CFF0FF981FF3619DC" box="[151,253,1725,1750]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" precision="925" value="-54.5">54° 30' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="6C9DAAA88D55257CFE92F981FE4919DF" box="[266,386,1725,1750]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" precision="925" value="158.95">158° 57' E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="CE51618A8D55257CFE15F981FE0319DF" box="[397,456,1725,1750]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
,
<date id="7D17EAAF8D55257CFE4BF982FDAB19DC" box="[467,608,1726,1750]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" value="1983-10-19">19 Oct 1983</date>
, algae.
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D55257CFD2CF981FCDF19DC" bold="true" box="[692,788,1725,1750]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">Victoria</emphasis>
:
<collectionCode id="6FB854AA8D55257CFCBCF982FCAE19DF" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" box="[804,869,1726,1749]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">NMV</collectionCode>
F.90823 (2 specs), Beware reef, Cape Conran,
<geoCoordinate id="6C9DAAA88D55257CFAEDF982FF3619F0" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" precision="15" value="-37.82222">37° 49' 20'' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="6C9DAAA88D55257CFE92F9DEFE6519F3" box="[266,430,1762,1786]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" precision="15" value="148.78973">148° 47' 23'' E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="CE51618A8D55257CFE22F9DDFE2C19F3" box="[442,487,1761,1786]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</quantity>
,
<date id="7D17EAAF8D55257CFE6BF9DDFD4919F0" box="[499,642,1761,1786]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" value="1998-04-15">15 Apr 1998</date>
, subtidal rocky reefs.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0916CC6F8D55257CFF5FF839FA5E1814" blockId="24.[151,1437,1509,2038]" box="[199,1429,1797,1822]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D55257CFF5FF839FE1B1814" bold="true" box="[199,464,1797,1822]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">Comparative material</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D55257CFE46F839FBBF1814" authority="Hartmann-Schroder, 1974" authorityName="Hartmann-Schroder" authorityYear="1974" box="[478,1140,1797,1822]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoridium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="multipapillata">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D55257CFE46F839FC8D1814" box="[478,838,1797,1822]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">Sphaerodoridium multipapillata</emphasis>
Hartmann-Schröder, 1974
</taxonomicName>
,
<typeStatus id="D61272CD8D55257CFBE7F839FB2F1814" box="[1151,1252,1797,1822]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
<collectionCode id="6FB854AA8D55257CFB77F83AFAE61817" box="[1263,1325,1798,1821]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">ZMH</collectionCode>
P.14336.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="41B39FE48D55257EFF5FF815FD1F1CAF" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="253" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="0916CC6F8D55257CFF5FF815FCAE18D8" blockId="24.[151,1437,1509,2038]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D55257CFF5FF815FEF11848" bold="true" box="[199,314,1833,1858]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Ellipsoid body. Dorsum with more than 50 spherical sessile tubercles in two sizes in about five transversal rows per segment, in an irregular pattern. Ventrum with 50–60 spherical papillae in two sizes in 5 irregular transversal rows. Two parapodial papillae, one each on anterior and posterior surfaces. Parapodia with 6– 10 chaetae per fascicle, blades as long as wide. Chaetae semi-compound, with shaft distally widened and blades short and wide (as long as broad), both provided of stout spines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0916CC6F8D55257DFF5FF8E1FB191FF2" blockId="24.[151,1437,1509,2038]" lastBlockId="25.[151,1436,151,248]" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="252" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D55257CFF5FF8E1FEBC18FC" bold="true" box="[199,375,2013,2038]" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">Re-description</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D55257CFE10F8E2FC9C18FC" box="[392,855,2013,2038]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="251">Measurements and general morphology.</emphasis>
Female with eggs. Body ellipsoid, measuring
<quantity id="CE51618A8D55257DFAE1F8E2FF081FA5" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="252" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="24" pageNumber="251" unit="mm" value="2.8">2.8 mm</quantity>
long, 1.0 mm wide, with 19 chaetigers, anterior end bluntly rounded (
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D54257DFC70FFABFBF31FBA" box="[1000,1080,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1825,1847]" captionTargetBox="[178,1416,291,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[172,1421,288,1810]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 11. Sphaerodoropsis heteropapillata, AM W. 42686, scanning electron micrographs. A. Complete specimen, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Detail anterior chaetiger and head, ventral view. D. Parapodia in mid-body chaetigers, lateral view. E. Mid-body parapodia, ventral view. F. Detail of cuticular granules. G. Parapodium mid-body chaetiger, anterior view. H. Parapodium posterior chaetigers, lateral view. I. Posterior chaetiger and pygidium, ventro-lateral view. J, K. Light micrographs of holotype. J. Chaetal fascicle mid chaetiger. K. Chaetae posterior chaetiger. L. Semi-compound chaetae anterior chaetiger, with distal spines on blade (arrow). M. Same, following chaetiger. Abbreviations: al, acicular lobe; la, lateral antenna; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; tc, tentacular cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus; 1 st, parapodium first chaetiger." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234774/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="252">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
B–C), slightly narrowing along posterior segments; convex dorsum (
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D54257DFDDCFF80FD5D1FDE" box="[580,662,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1825,1847]" captionTargetBox="[178,1416,291,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[172,1421,288,1810]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 11. Sphaerodoropsis heteropapillata, AM W. 42686, scanning electron micrographs. A. Complete specimen, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Detail anterior chaetiger and head, ventral view. D. Parapodia in mid-body chaetigers, lateral view. E. Mid-body parapodia, ventral view. F. Detail of cuticular granules. G. Parapodium mid-body chaetiger, anterior view. H. Parapodium posterior chaetigers, lateral view. I. Posterior chaetiger and pygidium, ventro-lateral view. J, K. Light micrographs of holotype. J. Chaetal fascicle mid chaetiger. K. Chaetae posterior chaetiger. L. Semi-compound chaetae anterior chaetiger, with distal spines on blade (arrow). M. Same, following chaetiger. Abbreviations: al, acicular lobe; la, lateral antenna; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; tc, tentacular cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus; 1 st, parapodium first chaetiger." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234774/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="252">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
A) and flat ventrum (
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D54257DFC0DFF80FC221FDE" box="[917,1001,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1825,1847]" captionTargetBox="[178,1416,291,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[172,1421,288,1810]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 11. Sphaerodoropsis heteropapillata, AM W. 42686, scanning electron micrographs. A. Complete specimen, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Detail anterior chaetiger and head, ventral view. D. Parapodia in mid-body chaetigers, lateral view. E. Mid-body parapodia, ventral view. F. Detail of cuticular granules. G. Parapodium mid-body chaetiger, anterior view. H. Parapodium posterior chaetigers, lateral view. I. Posterior chaetiger and pygidium, ventro-lateral view. J, K. Light micrographs of holotype. J. Chaetal fascicle mid chaetiger. K. Chaetae posterior chaetiger. L. Semi-compound chaetae anterior chaetiger, with distal spines on blade (arrow). M. Same, following chaetiger. Abbreviations: al, acicular lobe; la, lateral antenna; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; tc, tentacular cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus; 1 st, parapodium first chaetiger." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234774/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="252">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
B). Segmentation inconspicuous (
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D54257DFAF7FF80FF7A1FF2" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1825,1847]" captionTargetBox="[178,1416,291,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[172,1421,288,1810]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 11. Sphaerodoropsis heteropapillata, AM W. 42686, scanning electron micrographs. A. Complete specimen, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Detail anterior chaetiger and head, ventral view. D. Parapodia in mid-body chaetigers, lateral view. E. Mid-body parapodia, ventral view. F. Detail of cuticular granules. G. Parapodium mid-body chaetiger, anterior view. H. Parapodium posterior chaetigers, lateral view. I. Posterior chaetiger and pygidium, ventro-lateral view. J, K. Light micrographs of holotype. J. Chaetal fascicle mid chaetiger. K. Chaetae posterior chaetiger. L. Semi-compound chaetae anterior chaetiger, with distal spines on blade (arrow). M. Same, following chaetiger. Abbreviations: al, acicular lobe; la, lateral antenna; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; tc, tentacular cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus; 1 st, parapodium first chaetiger." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234774/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="252">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
B–D), tegument wrinkled (
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D54257DFE78FFE3FDE41FF2" box="[480,559,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1825,1847]" captionTargetBox="[178,1416,291,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[172,1421,288,1810]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 11. Sphaerodoropsis heteropapillata, AM W. 42686, scanning electron micrographs. A. Complete specimen, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Detail anterior chaetiger and head, ventral view. D. Parapodia in mid-body chaetigers, lateral view. E. Mid-body parapodia, ventral view. F. Detail of cuticular granules. G. Parapodium mid-body chaetiger, anterior view. H. Parapodium posterior chaetigers, lateral view. I. Posterior chaetiger and pygidium, ventro-lateral view. J, K. Light micrographs of holotype. J. Chaetal fascicle mid chaetiger. K. Chaetae posterior chaetiger. L. Semi-compound chaetae anterior chaetiger, with distal spines on blade (arrow). M. Same, following chaetiger. Abbreviations: al, acicular lobe; la, lateral antenna; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; tc, tentacular cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus; 1 st, parapodium first chaetiger." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234774/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="252">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
A–B). Preserved specimen yellowish, lacking pigmentation.
</paragraph>
<caption id="5DD69CE78D54257DFF0FF81DFA9A18E5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234774/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="252" targetBox="[178,1416,291,1806]" targetPageId="25">
<paragraph id="0916CC6F8D54257DFF0FF81DFA9A18E5" blockId="25.[151,1436,1825,2031]" pageId="25" pageNumber="252">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D54257DFF0FF81DFED4183C" bold="true" box="[151,287,1825,1847]" pageId="25" pageNumber="252">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D54257DFEBFF81DFDB1183D" box="[295,634,1825,1847]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="252">
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D54257DFEBFF81DFDBD183D" box="[295,630,1825,1847]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="25" pageNumber="252" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="heteropapillata">Sphaerodoropsis heteropapillata</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
AM W.42686, scanning electron micrographs. A. Complete specimen, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Detail anterior chaetiger and head, ventral view. D. Parapodia in mid-body chaetigers, lateral view. E. Mid-body parapodia, ventral view. F. Detail of cuticular granules. G. Parapodium mid-body chaetiger, anterior view. H. Parapodium posterior chaetigers, lateral view. I. Posterior chaetiger and
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D54257DFB3BF840FACC1898" box="[1187,1287,1916,1938]" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Pygidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">pygidium</taxonomicName>
, ventro-lateral view. J, K. Light micrographs of holotype. J. Chaetal fascicle mid chaetiger. K. Chaetae posterior chaetiger. L. Semi-compound chaetae anterior chaetiger, with distal spines on blade (arrow). M. Same, following chaetiger. Abbreviations: al, acicular lobe; la, lateral antenna; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; tc, tentacular cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus; 1st, parapodium first chaetiger.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="0916CC6F8D57257EFF5FFFABFB031FBA" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,1977]" box="[199,1224,151,176]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D57257EFF5FFFABFECF1FBA" box="[199,260,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Head</emphasis>
. Indistinguishable rounded appendages, similar to surrounding papillae (
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D57257EFBADFFABFB481FBA" box="[1077,1155,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1825,1847]" captionTargetBox="[178,1416,291,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[172,1421,288,1810]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 11. Sphaerodoropsis heteropapillata, AM W. 42686, scanning electron micrographs. A. Complete specimen, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Detail anterior chaetiger and head, ventral view. D. Parapodia in mid-body chaetigers, lateral view. E. Mid-body parapodia, ventral view. F. Detail of cuticular granules. G. Parapodium mid-body chaetiger, anterior view. H. Parapodium posterior chaetigers, lateral view. I. Posterior chaetiger and pygidium, ventro-lateral view. J, K. Light micrographs of holotype. J. Chaetal fascicle mid chaetiger. K. Chaetae posterior chaetiger. L. Semi-compound chaetae anterior chaetiger, with distal spines on blade (arrow). M. Same, following chaetiger. Abbreviations: al, acicular lobe; la, lateral antenna; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; tc, tentacular cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus; 1 st, parapodium first chaetiger." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234774/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
B–C).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0916CC6F8D57257EFF5FFF80FEC41E6E" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D57257EFF5FFF80FEF81FDF" box="[199,307,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Tubercles</emphasis>
. Spherical and sessile tubercles dissimilar in size present on dorsum in 5–7 irregular transversal rows with more than 50 tubercles in each chaetiger (
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D57257EFD24FFE3FCCC1FF2" box="[700,775,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1791,1813]" captionTargetBox="[156,1436,195,1738]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1739]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Schematic illustrations of the type and arrangement of tubercles on the dorsal and ventral surface of mid-body chaetigers. The number at the left side of the drawing refer to the chaetiger number. A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q, S: dorsal view. B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R, T: ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234767/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Figs 4</figureCitation>
M, 11A, C–D). Ventral surface with sessile and spherical papillae dissimilar in size, with 50–60 papillae per chaetiger in five irregular transversal rows, ventral papillae somewhat smaller than dorsal tubercles (
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D57257EFDE8FE1BFD701E4A" box="[624,699,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1791,1813]" captionTargetBox="[156,1436,195,1738]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1739]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Schematic illustrations of the type and arrangement of tubercles on the dorsal and ventral surface of mid-body chaetigers. The number at the left side of the drawing refer to the chaetiger number. A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q, S: dorsal view. B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R, T: ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234767/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Figs 4</figureCitation>
N, 11B, D). Body epithelium with microscopic oblong granules (
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D57257EFF07FE70FF241E6E" box="[159,239,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1825,1847]" captionTargetBox="[178,1416,291,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[172,1421,288,1810]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 11. Sphaerodoropsis heteropapillata, AM W. 42686, scanning electron micrographs. A. Complete specimen, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Detail anterior chaetiger and head, ventral view. D. Parapodia in mid-body chaetigers, lateral view. E. Mid-body parapodia, ventral view. F. Detail of cuticular granules. G. Parapodium mid-body chaetiger, anterior view. H. Parapodium posterior chaetigers, lateral view. I. Posterior chaetiger and pygidium, ventro-lateral view. J, K. Light micrographs of holotype. J. Chaetal fascicle mid chaetiger. K. Chaetae posterior chaetiger. L. Semi-compound chaetae anterior chaetiger, with distal spines on blade (arrow). M. Same, following chaetiger. Abbreviations: al, acicular lobe; la, lateral antenna; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; tc, tentacular cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus; 1 st, parapodium first chaetiger." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234774/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
F).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0916CC6F8D57257EFF5FFE53FD831DC7" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D57257EFF5FFE53FEF41E82" box="[199,319,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Parapodia</emphasis>
. Parapodia sub-conical, increasing in size towards chaetiger 3, around 1–2 times longer than wide in mid-chaetigers (
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D57257EFEF4FEA8FE771EA6" box="[364,444,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1825,1847]" captionTargetBox="[178,1416,291,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[172,1421,288,1810]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 11. Sphaerodoropsis heteropapillata, AM W. 42686, scanning electron micrographs. A. Complete specimen, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Detail anterior chaetiger and head, ventral view. D. Parapodia in mid-body chaetigers, lateral view. E. Mid-body parapodia, ventral view. F. Detail of cuticular granules. G. Parapodium mid-body chaetiger, anterior view. H. Parapodium posterior chaetigers, lateral view. I. Posterior chaetiger and pygidium, ventro-lateral view. J, K. Light micrographs of holotype. J. Chaetal fascicle mid chaetiger. K. Chaetae posterior chaetiger. L. Semi-compound chaetae anterior chaetiger, with distal spines on blade (arrow). M. Same, following chaetiger. Abbreviations: al, acicular lobe; la, lateral antenna; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; tc, tentacular cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus; 1 st, parapodium first chaetiger." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234774/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
E, G–H), and decreasing slightly towards posterior chaetigers. Acicular lobe anterior to chaetae fascicle, ellipsoid, 2–3 times longer than wide, projecting longer than ventral cirrus (
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D57257EFB50FE8BFAD31EDA" box="[1224,1304,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1825,1847]" captionTargetBox="[178,1416,291,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[172,1421,288,1810]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 11. Sphaerodoropsis heteropapillata, AM W. 42686, scanning electron micrographs. A. Complete specimen, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Detail anterior chaetiger and head, ventral view. D. Parapodia in mid-body chaetigers, lateral view. E. Mid-body parapodia, ventral view. F. Detail of cuticular granules. G. Parapodium mid-body chaetiger, anterior view. H. Parapodium posterior chaetigers, lateral view. I. Posterior chaetiger and pygidium, ventro-lateral view. J, K. Light micrographs of holotype. J. Chaetal fascicle mid chaetiger. K. Chaetae posterior chaetiger. L. Semi-compound chaetae anterior chaetiger, with distal spines on blade (arrow). M. Same, following chaetiger. Abbreviations: al, acicular lobe; la, lateral antenna; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; tc, tentacular cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus; 1 st, parapodium first chaetiger." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234774/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
G–H), with pores on distal end (
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D57257EFE19FEE0FE191EFE" box="[385,466,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1825,1847]" captionTargetBox="[178,1416,291,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[172,1421,288,1810]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 11. Sphaerodoropsis heteropapillata, AM W. 42686, scanning electron micrographs. A. Complete specimen, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Detail anterior chaetiger and head, ventral view. D. Parapodia in mid-body chaetigers, lateral view. E. Mid-body parapodia, ventral view. F. Detail of cuticular granules. G. Parapodium mid-body chaetiger, anterior view. H. Parapodium posterior chaetigers, lateral view. I. Posterior chaetiger and pygidium, ventro-lateral view. J, K. Light micrographs of holotype. J. Chaetal fascicle mid chaetiger. K. Chaetae posterior chaetiger. L. Semi-compound chaetae anterior chaetiger, with distal spines on blade (arrow). M. Same, following chaetiger. Abbreviations: al, acicular lobe; la, lateral antenna; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; tc, tentacular cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus; 1 st, parapodium first chaetiger." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234774/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
H). Ventral cirri ellipsoid (
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D57257EFC9BFEE0FC991EFE" box="[771,850,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1825,1847]" captionTargetBox="[178,1416,291,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[172,1421,288,1810]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 11. Sphaerodoropsis heteropapillata, AM W. 42686, scanning electron micrographs. A. Complete specimen, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Detail anterior chaetiger and head, ventral view. D. Parapodia in mid-body chaetigers, lateral view. E. Mid-body parapodia, ventral view. F. Detail of cuticular granules. G. Parapodium mid-body chaetiger, anterior view. H. Parapodium posterior chaetigers, lateral view. I. Posterior chaetiger and pygidium, ventro-lateral view. J, K. Light micrographs of holotype. J. Chaetal fascicle mid chaetiger. K. Chaetae posterior chaetiger. L. Semi-compound chaetae anterior chaetiger, with distal spines on blade (arrow). M. Same, following chaetiger. Abbreviations: al, acicular lobe; la, lateral antenna; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; tc, tentacular cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus; 1 st, parapodium first chaetiger." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234774/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
G–H). Parapodial papillae spherical, one at base of anterior surface (
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D57257EFECDFEC3FE571D12" box="[341,412,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1921,1943]" captionTargetBox="[215,1368,207,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[215,1368,203,1859]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Schematic illustrations of the type and arrangement of parapodial and nearby structures and papillae. In all cases anterior faces left, posterior right, dorsal the top and ventral the bottom. The red cross centred in the middle of the parapodia divides each of the four hypothetical parapodial surfaces, and the concentric circles (larger at base, samller at tip) indicate the parapodial volume .." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234768/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
Figs
<date id="7D17EAAF8D57257EFE15FEC3FE571D12" box="[397,412,511,536]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">5</date>
</figureCitation>
I, 11G), and one at base of posterior surface (
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D57257EFC0CFEC3FC171D12" box="[916,988,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1921,1943]" captionTargetBox="[215,1368,207,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[215,1368,203,1859]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Schematic illustrations of the type and arrangement of parapodial and nearby structures and papillae. In all cases anterior faces left, posterior right, dorsal the top and ventral the bottom. The red cross centred in the middle of the parapodia divides each of the four hypothetical parapodial surfaces, and the concentric circles (larger at base, samller at tip) indicate the parapodial volume .." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234768/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
Figs
<date id="7D17EAAF8D57257EFC55FEC3FC171D12" box="[973,988,511,536]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">5</date>
</figureCitation>
I, 10H); similar throughout chaetigers.
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D57257EFF0FFD18FF3F1D37" box="[151,244,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Chaetae</emphasis>
. Chaetal fascicles arranged in a curved transverse row behind acicular lobe, numbering 6–10 chaetae per fascicle (
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D57257EFE99FD7BFE851D6A" box="[257,334,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1921,1943]" captionTargetBox="[215,1368,207,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[215,1368,203,1859]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Schematic illustrations of the type and arrangement of parapodial and nearby structures and papillae. In all cases anterior faces left, posterior right, dorsal the top and ventral the bottom. The red cross centred in the middle of the parapodia divides each of the four hypothetical parapodial surfaces, and the concentric circles (larger at base, samller at tip) indicate the parapodial volume .." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234768/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
Figs
<date id="7D17EAAF8D57257EFEA7FD7BFE851D6A" box="[319,334,583,608]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">5</date>
</figureCitation>
I, 11E, G–H). All chaetae semi-compound (
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D57257EFCCEFD7BFC621D6A" box="[854,937,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1825,1847]" captionTargetBox="[178,1416,291,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[172,1421,288,1810]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 11. Sphaerodoropsis heteropapillata, AM W. 42686, scanning electron micrographs. A. Complete specimen, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Detail anterior chaetiger and head, ventral view. D. Parapodia in mid-body chaetigers, lateral view. E. Mid-body parapodia, ventral view. F. Detail of cuticular granules. G. Parapodium mid-body chaetiger, anterior view. H. Parapodium posterior chaetigers, lateral view. I. Posterior chaetiger and pygidium, ventro-lateral view. J, K. Light micrographs of holotype. J. Chaetal fascicle mid chaetiger. K. Chaetae posterior chaetiger. L. Semi-compound chaetae anterior chaetiger, with distal spines on blade (arrow). M. Same, following chaetiger. Abbreviations: al, acicular lobe; la, lateral antenna; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; tc, tentacular cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus; 1 st, parapodium first chaetiger." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234774/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
J–M), appearing sometimes as simple and suggesting a fusion of shaft and blades (
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D57257EFDCCFD50FD6B1D8E" box="[596,672,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1825,1847]" captionTargetBox="[178,1416,291,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[172,1421,288,1810]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 11. Sphaerodoropsis heteropapillata, AM W. 42686, scanning electron micrographs. A. Complete specimen, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Detail anterior chaetiger and head, ventral view. D. Parapodia in mid-body chaetigers, lateral view. E. Mid-body parapodia, ventral view. F. Detail of cuticular granules. G. Parapodium mid-body chaetiger, anterior view. H. Parapodium posterior chaetigers, lateral view. I. Posterior chaetiger and pygidium, ventro-lateral view. J, K. Light micrographs of holotype. J. Chaetal fascicle mid chaetiger. K. Chaetae posterior chaetiger. L. Semi-compound chaetae anterior chaetiger, with distal spines on blade (arrow). M. Same, following chaetiger. Abbreviations: al, acicular lobe; la, lateral antenna; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; tc, tentacular cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus; 1 st, parapodium first chaetiger." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234774/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
L–M). Blades as long as wide (
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D57257EFC64FD50FB821D8E" box="[1020,1097,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1825,1847]" captionTargetBox="[178,1416,291,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[172,1421,288,1810]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 11. Sphaerodoropsis heteropapillata, AM W. 42686, scanning electron micrographs. A. Complete specimen, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Detail anterior chaetiger and head, ventral view. D. Parapodia in mid-body chaetigers, lateral view. E. Mid-body parapodia, ventral view. F. Detail of cuticular granules. G. Parapodium mid-body chaetiger, anterior view. H. Parapodium posterior chaetigers, lateral view. I. Posterior chaetiger and pygidium, ventro-lateral view. J, K. Light micrographs of holotype. J. Chaetal fascicle mid chaetiger. K. Chaetae posterior chaetiger. L. Semi-compound chaetae anterior chaetiger, with distal spines on blade (arrow). M. Same, following chaetiger. Abbreviations: al, acicular lobe; la, lateral antenna; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; tc, tentacular cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus; 1 st, parapodium first chaetiger." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234774/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
J–M); with an outer distal thin spine in some chaetae (
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D57257EFE3CFDB3FE3F1DA2" box="[420,500,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1825,1847]" captionTargetBox="[178,1416,291,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[172,1421,288,1810]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 11. Sphaerodoropsis heteropapillata, AM W. 42686, scanning electron micrographs. A. Complete specimen, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Detail anterior chaetiger and head, ventral view. D. Parapodia in mid-body chaetigers, lateral view. E. Mid-body parapodia, ventral view. F. Detail of cuticular granules. G. Parapodium mid-body chaetiger, anterior view. H. Parapodium posterior chaetigers, lateral view. I. Posterior chaetiger and pygidium, ventro-lateral view. J, K. Light micrographs of holotype. J. Chaetal fascicle mid chaetiger. K. Chaetae posterior chaetiger. L. Semi-compound chaetae anterior chaetiger, with distal spines on blade (arrow). M. Same, following chaetiger. Abbreviations: al, acicular lobe; la, lateral antenna; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; tc, tentacular cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus; 1 st, parapodium first chaetiger." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234774/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
L–M). Shaft with widened distal end with saw-toothed spinulation (
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D57257EFA9AFDB3FA991DA2" box="[1282,1362,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1825,1847]" captionTargetBox="[178,1416,291,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[172,1421,288,1810]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 11. Sphaerodoropsis heteropapillata, AM W. 42686, scanning electron micrographs. A. Complete specimen, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Detail anterior chaetiger and head, ventral view. D. Parapodia in mid-body chaetigers, lateral view. E. Mid-body parapodia, ventral view. F. Detail of cuticular granules. G. Parapodium mid-body chaetiger, anterior view. H. Parapodium posterior chaetigers, lateral view. I. Posterior chaetiger and pygidium, ventro-lateral view. J, K. Light micrographs of holotype. J. Chaetal fascicle mid chaetiger. K. Chaetae posterior chaetiger. L. Semi-compound chaetae anterior chaetiger, with distal spines on blade (arrow). M. Same, following chaetiger. Abbreviations: al, acicular lobe; la, lateral antenna; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; tc, tentacular cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus; 1 st, parapodium first chaetiger." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234774/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
L–M), continuing along most of blade length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0916CC6F8D57257EFF5FFDEBFEC31C1E" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D57257EFF5FFDEBFEF91DFA" box="[199,306,727,752]" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Pygidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D57257EFF5FFDEBFEF91DFA" box="[199,306,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Pygidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D57257EFED8FDEBFE661DFA" box="[320,429,727,752]" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Pygidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pygidium</taxonomicName>
terminal, with inconspicuous spherical anal cirri similar in shape as surrounding papillae (
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D57257EFF07FDC0FF3B1C1E" box="[159,240,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1825,1847]" captionTargetBox="[178,1416,291,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[172,1421,288,1810]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 11. Sphaerodoropsis heteropapillata, AM W. 42686, scanning electron micrographs. A. Complete specimen, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Detail anterior chaetiger and head, ventral view. D. Parapodia in mid-body chaetigers, lateral view. E. Mid-body parapodia, ventral view. F. Detail of cuticular granules. G. Parapodium mid-body chaetiger, anterior view. H. Parapodium posterior chaetigers, lateral view. I. Posterior chaetiger and pygidium, ventro-lateral view. J, K. Light micrographs of holotype. J. Chaetal fascicle mid chaetiger. K. Chaetae posterior chaetiger. L. Semi-compound chaetae anterior chaetiger, with distal spines on blade (arrow). M. Same, following chaetiger. Abbreviations: al, acicular lobe; la, lateral antenna; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; tc, tentacular cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus; 1 st, parapodium first chaetiger." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234774/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
Fig.
<date id="7D17EAAF8D57257EFF4CFDC0FF3B1C1E" box="[212,240,764,788]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" value="2011-01">11</date>
</figureCitation>
I).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0916CC6F8D57257EFF5FFC23FC9F1C57" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D57257EFF5FFC23FE4C1C32" box="[199,391,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Internal features</emphasis>
. One pair of eyes as sickle-shaped dark brown or black spots deeply embedded below integument in chaetigers 2–3. Muscular pharynx not observed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0916CC6F8D57257EFF5FFC5BFD1F1CAF" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D57257EFF5FFC5BFE741C8A" box="[199,447,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Reproductive features</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="D61272CD8D57257EFE49FC5BFDF21C8A" box="[465,569,871,896]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
and other two females with large eggs measuring approximately 130 µm. ‘Copulatory organs’ not observed in any specimen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="41B39FE48D57257EFF5FFC93FB4F1BE2" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" type="description">
<paragraph id="0916CC6F8D57257EFF5FFC93FB4F1BE2" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D57257EFF5FFC93FEFE1CC2" bold="true" box="[199,309,943,968]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Variation</emphasis>
. Specimens examined are all ellipsoid, ranging 1.0–
<quantity id="CE51618A8D57257EFC01FC8CFC391CCD" box="[921,1010,944,968]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="CE51618A8D57257EFBA6FC8CFB021CCD" box="[1086,1225,944,968]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" unit="mm" value="0.5" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.7 mm</quantity>
wide, with 14–20 chaetigers and resemble the
<typeStatus id="D61272CD8D57257EFE78FCE8FD891CE7" box="[480,578,980,1005]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
in the short and inconspicuous prostomial appendages similar in shape to surrounding papillae and the shape and size of parapodia. In the original description four parapodial papillae were reported, only two have been observed after reexamination of the
<typeStatus id="D61272CD8D57257EFC1FFB20FC221B3F" box="[903,1001,1052,1077]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and in additional material. Parapodial papillae are difficult to observe, and also judgment of their position as they are placed at the base of parapodia. Definition of chaetae is ambiguous. Most chaetae are simple when observed in the scanning electron microscope, although some give the impression of being semi-compound (
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D57257EFCF9FBBBFC7A1BAA" box="[865,945,1159,1184]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1825,1847]" captionTargetBox="[178,1416,291,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[172,1421,288,1810]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 11. Sphaerodoropsis heteropapillata, AM W. 42686, scanning electron micrographs. A. Complete specimen, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Detail anterior chaetiger and head, ventral view. D. Parapodia in mid-body chaetigers, lateral view. E. Mid-body parapodia, ventral view. F. Detail of cuticular granules. G. Parapodium mid-body chaetiger, anterior view. H. Parapodium posterior chaetigers, lateral view. I. Posterior chaetiger and pygidium, ventro-lateral view. J, K. Light micrographs of holotype. J. Chaetal fascicle mid chaetiger. K. Chaetae posterior chaetiger. L. Semi-compound chaetae anterior chaetiger, with distal spines on blade (arrow). M. Same, following chaetiger. Abbreviations: al, acicular lobe; la, lateral antenna; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; tc, tentacular cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus; 1 st, parapodium first chaetiger." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234774/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
J–M), and even break at the joint between shaft and blade (
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D57257EFEC8FB90FE6B1BCE" box="[336,416,1196,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1825,1847]" captionTargetBox="[178,1416,291,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[172,1421,288,1810]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 11. Sphaerodoropsis heteropapillata, AM W. 42686, scanning electron micrographs. A. Complete specimen, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Detail anterior chaetiger and head, ventral view. D. Parapodia in mid-body chaetigers, lateral view. E. Mid-body parapodia, ventral view. F. Detail of cuticular granules. G. Parapodium mid-body chaetiger, anterior view. H. Parapodium posterior chaetigers, lateral view. I. Posterior chaetiger and pygidium, ventro-lateral view. J, K. Light micrographs of holotype. J. Chaetal fascicle mid chaetiger. K. Chaetae posterior chaetiger. L. Semi-compound chaetae anterior chaetiger, with distal spines on blade (arrow). M. Same, following chaetiger. Abbreviations: al, acicular lobe; la, lateral antenna; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; tc, tentacular cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus; 1 st, parapodium first chaetiger." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234774/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
M). In the light microscope chaetae have a clear appearance of being compound (
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D57257EFAACFB90FA4A1BCE" box="[1332,1409,1196,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1825,1847]" captionTargetBox="[178,1416,291,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[172,1421,288,1810]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 11. Sphaerodoropsis heteropapillata, AM W. 42686, scanning electron micrographs. A. Complete specimen, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Detail anterior chaetiger and head, ventral view. D. Parapodia in mid-body chaetigers, lateral view. E. Mid-body parapodia, ventral view. F. Detail of cuticular granules. G. Parapodium mid-body chaetiger, anterior view. H. Parapodium posterior chaetigers, lateral view. I. Posterior chaetiger and pygidium, ventro-lateral view. J, K. Light micrographs of holotype. J. Chaetal fascicle mid chaetiger. K. Chaetae posterior chaetiger. L. Semi-compound chaetae anterior chaetiger, with distal spines on blade (arrow). M. Same, following chaetiger. Abbreviations: al, acicular lobe; la, lateral antenna; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; tc, tentacular cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus; 1 st, parapodium first chaetiger." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234774/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
J– K), as they were described in the original description (
<bibRefCitation id="6D38B19E8D57257EFD6EFBF3FBB31BE2" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[758,1144,1231,1256]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" refString="Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1987) Zur kenntnis des Eulitorals der australischen Kusten unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Polychaeten und Ostracoden. Teil 13. Die Polychaeten der antiborealen Kuste von Victoria (Australien) (zwischen Warrnambool im Westen und Port Welshpool im Osten). Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 84, 27 - 66." type="journal article" year="1987">Hartmann-Schröder 1987: Fig. 36</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="41B39FE48D57257EFF5FFBC8FBB918B3" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="0916CC6F8D57257EFF5FFBC8FDE219B7" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D57257EFF5FFBC8FEFF1A07" bold="true" box="[199,308,1268,1293]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D57257EFEDDFBC8FD7C1A07" box="[325,695,1268,1293]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="heteropapillata">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D57257EFEDDFBC8FD7C1A07" box="[325,695,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Sphaerodoropsis heteropapillata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterized by having relatively large dorsal tubercles of a range of sizes and by bearing semi-compound chaetae. In addition, relatively large papillae are present on the ventral side. Dorsal and ventral tubercles are arranged in irregular transversal rows being difficult to outline, especially when specimens are contracted. It was included within the informal
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D57257EFBBEFA63FB291A72" box="[1062,1250,1375,1400]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D57257EFBBEFA63FB291A72" box="[1062,1250,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Sphaerodoropsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Group 4 (
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D57257EFAC6FA5DFA571A72" box="[1374,1436,1377,1400]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6D38B19E8D57257EFF0FFAB8FE811A96" author="Borowski" box="[151,330,1412,1437]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" refString="Borowski, C. (1994) Three new deep-sea species of Sphaerodoridae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from the eastern tropical South Pacific. Zoologica Scripta, 23, 193 - 203. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1994. tb 00384. x" type="journal article" year="1994">Borowski 1994</bibRefCitation>
) gathering species with ‘macrotubercles’ scattered in 3–4 transversal rows, together with
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D57257EFA1FFAB9FDBC1ACA" authority="Hartmann-Schroder, 1974" authorityName="Hartmann-Schroder" authorityYear="1974" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoridium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="multipapillata">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D57257EFA1FFAB9FEFD1ACA" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">S. multipapillata</emphasis>
(Hartmann-Schröder, 1974)
</taxonomicName>
, from
<collectingCountry id="71BE8CFF8D57257EFD5BFA9BFCE01ACA" box="[707,811,1447,1472]" name="Tanzania" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
. Both species also share the similar
<typeStatus id="D61272CD8D57257EFB5FFA95FB3C1ACB" box="[1223,1271,1449,1473]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">type</typeStatus>
of wide semicompound chaetae (
<bibRefCitation id="6D38B19E8D57257EFEE1FAF0FD611AEE" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[377,682,1484,1509]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" refString="Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1974 a) Weitere Polychaeten von Ostafrika (Mocambique und Tansania). Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 71, 23 - 33." type="journal article" year="1974" yearSuffix="a">Hartmann-Schröder 1974a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="6D38B19E8D57257EFD2EFAF0FD391AEE" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[694,754,1484,1508]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" refString="Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1987) Zur kenntnis des Eulitorals der australischen Kusten unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Polychaeten und Ostracoden. Teil 13. Die Polychaeten der antiborealen Kuste von Victoria (Australien) (zwischen Warrnambool im Westen und Port Welshpool im Osten). Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 84, 27 - 66." type="journal article" year="1987">1987</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D57257EFC9EFAF0FBBC1AEF" box="[774,1143,1484,1509]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="heteropapillata">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D57257EFC9EFAF0FBBC1AEF" box="[774,1143,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Sphaerodoropsis heteropapillata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(which only the
<typeStatus id="D61272CD8D57257EFAA2FAF0FA571AEF" box="[1338,1436,1484,1509]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
had been reported to date) was originally described as a subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D57257EFC24FACCFBB31902" box="[956,1144,1519,1544]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoridium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="multipapillata">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D57257EFC24FACCFBB31902" box="[956,1144,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">S. multipapillata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The geographic distance suggests it is unlikely the two represent separated populations of the same species. There are also clear differences between the species. S
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D57257EFE36F90BFCD3195A" box="[430,792,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
phaerodoropsis
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D57257EFDF4F90BFCD3195A" box="[620,792,1591,1616]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="heteropapillata">heteropapillata</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
bears parapodial papillae while in
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D57257EFB40F904FA57195A" box="[1240,1436,1591,1616]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoridium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="multipapillata">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D57257EFB40F904FA57195A" box="[1240,1436,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">S. multipapillata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
parapodia lack papillae (
<bibRefCitation id="6D38B19E8D57257EFE22F960FD25197E" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[442,750,1628,1653]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" refString="Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1974 a) Weitere Polychaeten von Ostafrika (Mocambique und Tansania). Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 71, 23 - 33." type="journal article" year="1974" yearSuffix="a">Hartmann-Schröder 1974a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="6D38B19E8D57257EFD67F960FCF1197E" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[767,826,1628,1652]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" refString="Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1987) Zur kenntnis des Eulitorals der australischen Kusten unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Polychaeten und Ostracoden. Teil 13. Die Polychaeten der antiborealen Kuste von Victoria (Australien) (zwischen Warrnambool im Westen und Port Welshpool im Osten). Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 84, 27 - 66." type="journal article" year="1987">1987</bibRefCitation>
; this study). Moreover, in
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D57257EFBE5F961FA80197F" box="[1149,1355,1628,1653]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="heteropapillata">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D57257EFBE5F961FA80197F" box="[1149,1355,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">S. heteropapillata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
dorsal tubercles clearly have different sizes, while in
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D57257EFD07F9BCFC911992" box="[671,858,1663,1688]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoridium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="multipapillata">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D57257EFD07F9BCFC911992" box="[671,858,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">S. multipapillata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
papillae are of similar size. This warrants elevation of the subspecies to rank of species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0916CC6F8D57257EFF5FF9F4FBB918B3" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
S
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D57257EFF4EF9FBFDFC19EA" box="[214,567,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
phaerodoropsis
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D57257EFE13F9FBFDFC19EA" box="[395,567,1735,1760]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="heteropapillata">heteropapillata</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
also resembles a recently described species from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef,
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D57257EFF46F9D0FD90180F" box="[222,603,1772,1797]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="plurituberculata">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D57257EFF46F9D0FD90180F" box="[222,603,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Sphaerodoropsis plurituberculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="6D38B19E8D57257EFDFEF9D0FCB9180F" author="Capa" box="[614,882,1772,1797]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" refString="Capa, M. &amp; Rouse, G. W. (2015) Sphaerodoridae (Annelida) from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, including the description of two new species and reproductive notes. Zootaxa. [in press]" type="book" year="2015">Capa and Rouse, 2015</bibRefCitation>
. Both species bear several more or less clearly longitudinal rows of spherical and sessile tubercles, variable in size, arranged in several transverse rows per segment, over dorsum and ventrum; around six semi-compound chaetae per parapodium with distally enlarged shaft and short blades, serrated, with distal long spines on the edge opposite to serration and shaft with conspicuous spinulation continuing along most of blade. Differences between these two Australian species lay in the relative length of the head appendages, number and arrangement of dorsal and ventral tubercles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="41B39FE48D56257FFF5FFFABFE111D12" pageId="27" pageNumber="254" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="0916CC6F8D56257FFF5FFFABFA5D1E82" blockId="27.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="27" pageNumber="254">
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D56257FFF5FFFABFD891FBA" box="[199,578,151,176]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="27" pageNumber="254" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="plurituberculata">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D56257FFF5FFFABFD891FBA" box="[199,578,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="254">Sphaerodoropsis plurituberculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D56257FFC80FFA4FC291FBA" ID-CoL="6YWDH" box="[792,994,151,176]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="27" pageNumber="254" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="heteropapillata">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D56257FFC80FFA4FC291FBA" box="[792,994,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="254">S. heteropapillata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because both species are covered with dissimilar dorsal tubercles, while in
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D56257FFDCBFF81FCDE1FDF" ID-CoL="4YQDN" box="[595,789,188,213]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoridium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="27" pageNumber="254" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="multipapillata">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D56257FFDCBFF81FCDE1FDF" box="[595,789,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="254">S. multipapillata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
these are of similar size (
<bibRefCitation id="6D38B19E8D56257FFBF9FF80FA531FDE" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[1121,1432,188,213]" pageId="27" pageNumber="254" refString="Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1974 a) Weitere Polychaeten von Ostafrika (Mocambique und Tansania). Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 71, 23 - 33." type="journal article" year="1974" yearSuffix="a">Hartmann-Schröder 1974a</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="6D38B19E8D56257FFF0FFFE3FE771FF2" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[151,444,223,248]" pageId="27" pageNumber="254" refString="Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1987) Zur kenntnis des Eulitorals der australischen Kusten unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Polychaeten und Ostracoden. Teil 13. Die Polychaeten der antiborealen Kuste von Victoria (Australien) (zwischen Warrnambool im Westen und Port Welshpool im Osten). Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 84, 27 - 66." type="journal article" year="1987">Hartmann-Schröder 1987</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="6D38B19E8D56257FFE55FFDCFD0F1FF2" author="Capa" box="[461,708,223,248]" pageId="27" pageNumber="254" refString="Capa, M. &amp; Rouse, G. W. (2015) Sphaerodoridae (Annelida) from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, including the description of two new species and reproductive notes. Zootaxa. [in press]" type="book" year="2015">Capa &amp; Rouse 2015</bibRefCitation>
). Differences between
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D56257FFC4CFFDCFB6A1FF2" ID-CoL="6YWDH" box="[980,1185,223,248]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="27" pageNumber="254" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="heteropapillata">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D56257FFC4CFFDCFB6A1FF2" box="[980,1185,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="254">S. heteropapillata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the new species include the length of the prostomial appendages (inconspicuous in
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D56257FFC54FE39FB571E17" ID-CoL="6YWDH" box="[972,1180,260,285]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="27" pageNumber="254" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="heteropapillata">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D56257FFC54FE39FB571E17" box="[972,1180,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="254">S. heteropapillata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and digitiform in
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D56257FFA1FFE39FE861E4A" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="27" pageNumber="254" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="plurituberculata">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D56257FFA1FFE39FA5E1E16" box="[1415,1429,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="254">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D56257FFF0FFE1BFE861E4A" box="[151,333,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="254">plurituberculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, at least when not contracted); the number of ventral papillae (around 50 per segment in
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D56257FFA1FFE14FE881E6F" ID-CoL="6YWDH" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="27" pageNumber="254" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="heteropapillata">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D56257FFA1FFE14FE881E6F" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="254">S. heteropapillata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<quantity id="CE51618A8D56257FFEE1FE70FE781E6F" box="[377,435,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="27" pageNumber="254" unit="in" value="30.0">30 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D56257FFE22FE71FD461E6F" box="[442,653,332,357]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="27" pageNumber="254" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="plurituberculata">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D56257FFE22FE71FD461E6F" box="[442,653,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="254">S. plurituberculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); and the number of parapodial papillae (
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D56257FFBFAFE71FAE11E6F" ID-CoL="6YWDH" box="[1122,1322,332,357]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="27" pageNumber="254" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="heteropapillata">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D56257FFBFAFE71FAE11E6F" box="[1122,1322,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="254">S. heteropapillata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bears one per parapodium: one at anterior surface while
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D56257FFD03FE4CFCA71E82" box="[667,876,367,392]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="27" pageNumber="254" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="plurituberculata">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D56257FFD03FE4CFCA71E82" box="[667,876,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="254">S. plurituberculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lacks parapodial papillae) (
<bibRefCitation id="6D38B19E8D56257FFB39FE4CFA411E82" author="Capa" box="[1185,1418,367,392]" pageId="27" pageNumber="254" refString="Capa, M. &amp; Rouse, G. W. (2015) Sphaerodoridae (Annelida) from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, including the description of two new species and reproductive notes. Zootaxa. [in press]" type="book" year="2015">Capa &amp; Rouse 2015</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0916CC6F8D56257FFF5FFEA8FE111D12" blockId="27.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="27" pageNumber="254">
‘Copulatory organs’ have not been observed in
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D56257FFD6CFEA9FC741EA7" ID-CoL="6YWDH" box="[756,959,404,429]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="27" pageNumber="254" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="heteropapillata">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D56257FFD6CFEA9FC741EA7" box="[756,959,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="254">S. heteropapillata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but in
<taxonomicName id="CEA9B7EC8D56257FFB87FEA8FA501EA7" box="[1055,1435,404,429]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="27" pageNumber="254" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="plurituberculata">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D56257FFB87FEA8FA501EA7" box="[1055,1435,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="254">Sphaerodoropsis plurituberculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male copulatory organ were described as enlarged, bottle-shaped and porous ventral cirrus and females presented an oval and flat tubercle with a porous surface also ventral to parapodia of chaetiger 6, in addition to the ventral cirrus (
<bibRefCitation id="6D38B19E8D56257FFF7DFD3CFE051D12" author="Capa" box="[229,462,511,536]" pageId="27" pageNumber="254" refString="Capa, M. &amp; Rouse, G. W. (2015) Sphaerodoridae (Annelida) from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, including the description of two new species and reproductive notes. Zootaxa. [in press]" type="book" year="2015">Capa &amp; Rouse 2015</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="41B39FE48D56257FFF5FFD18FD391D37" box="[199,754,548,573]" pageId="27" pageNumber="254" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0916CC6F8D56257FFF5FFD18FD391D37" blockId="27.[151,1436,151,680]" box="[199,754,548,573]" pageId="27" pageNumber="254">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D56257FFF5FFD18FEAE1D37" bold="true" box="[199,357,548,573]" pageId="27" pageNumber="254">
<typeStatus id="D61272CD8D56257FFF5FFD18FEC91D37" box="[199,258,548,573]" pageId="27" pageNumber="254">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
Point Lonsdale, Geelong, Victoria.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="41B39FE48D56257FFF5FFD7BFC731DA2" pageId="27" pageNumber="254" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="0916CC6F8D56257FFF5FFD7BFE621D8F" blockId="27.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="27" pageNumber="254">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D56257FFF5FFD7BFEAB1D6A" bold="true" box="[199,352,583,608]" pageId="27" pageNumber="254">Distribution.</emphasis>
Victoria, New South
<collectingCountry id="71BE8CFF8D56257FFDCEFD7BFD511D6A" box="[598,666,583,608]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="27" pageNumber="254">Wales</collectingCountry>
and the Sub-Antarctic Maquarie Island, from
<quantity id="CE51618A8D56257FFB3DFD74FAD91D55" box="[1189,1298,583,608]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="254" unit="m" value="7.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="0.0">0 to 15 m</quantity>
(Hartmann-
<bibRefCitation id="6D38B19E8D56257FFF0FFD50FEF51D8E" author="Schroder" box="[151,318,620,645]" pageId="27" pageNumber="254" refString="Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1987) Zur kenntnis des Eulitorals der australischen Kusten unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Polychaeten und Ostracoden. Teil 13. Die Polychaeten der antiborealen Kuste von Victoria (Australien) (zwischen Warrnambool im Westen und Port Welshpool im Osten). Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 84, 27 - 66." type="journal article" year="1987">Schröder 1987</bibRefCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9192D0EA8D56257FFED1FD50FE501D8F" box="[329,411,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1889,1911]" captionTargetBox="[189,1391,887,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[188,1399,885,1867]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 15. Map of Australia with collecting sites of the different species found in Australian waters (as in Table 3). A. Outline of continental Australia. B. Detail of south eastern coastline and Macquarie Island. Type locality marked by numbers and plotted according to table 3. Abbreviations: NSW, New South Wales; NT, Northern Territory; SA, South Australia; TAS, Tasmania; QLD, Queensland; WA, Western Australia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234778/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="254">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0916CC6F8D56257FFF5FFDB3FC731DA2" blockId="27.[151,1436,151,680]" box="[199,952,655,680]" pageId="27" pageNumber="254">
<emphasis id="3BDD107D8D56257FFF5FFDB3FEE81DA2" bold="true" box="[199,291,655,680]" pageId="27" pageNumber="254">Habitat</emphasis>
. Coarse sediment and among algae in subtidal rocky reefs.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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