310 lines
47 KiB
XML
310 lines
47 KiB
XML
<document id="3E35E75A6BFB25E04584C680F371B7FA" ID-CLB-Dataset="8171" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4926.3.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d5fd31c2-1373-448a-9dd5-e3d130a22e14" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4529319" ID-ZooBank="372AB4A4-C184-4223-8525-62532B712FF7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1612952051670" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Fernández-Alonso, José L., Remeikis, Andrius & Solis, M. Alma" docDate="2021" docId="03EA87FCFFCFFFE4FF19FF19042BF9B0" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4926.3.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4926 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Stigmella odora Diskus & Stonis 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="5BEE514E-FA26-4B23-A414-BC1F8FDB12FF" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="378" masterDocId="FFD3FF84FFC0FFEBFF8EFF8E0726FFC5" masterDocTitle="New leaf-miningNepticulidae (Lepidoptera): potential pests of aromatic Lamiaceae plants from equatorial Andes" masterLastPageNumber="383" masterPageNumber="363" pageNumber="378" updateTime="1698928604595" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="CA9EBC1E7CE642B0348B88995DC5B695">
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<mods:title id="53F95DF78D4992607223F5090D123F80">New leaf-miningNepticulidae (Lepidoptera): potential pests of aromatic Lamiaceae plants from equatorial Andes</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="E84EA617130F0F9ABF04DFDC71508A76" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="E0280A8CDF5E0DA8D0E9457776028CC9">Stonis, Jonas R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="14DF946716E83530F484DA258A5ED919">State Research Institute Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, Vilnius 08412, Lithuania.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="24E91A5FECE52174CE329E8AAE8A69E8">Diškus, Arūnas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2546CB9957F26A4D9D9EC6B590CC861B" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0106-5546</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="546E08FFF69F2E4B84FCA9458F18BFCC">State Research Institute Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, Vilnius 08412, Lithuania. & diskus. biotaxonomy @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0106 - 5546</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="5081A6A59E79088C508023D487801854" type="email">diskus.biotaxonomy@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="923BC299C6AF05C80760C6CFFA8CADBB">Fernández-Alonso, José L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0564E4142B3D6E1B53BB24EDDF5CC4C4" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1701-480X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="10CF74C1AFEAA6FBC13C4CF4F94D4BC9">Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC, Claudio Moyano 1, Madrid 28014, Spain. & jlfernandeza @ rjb. csic. es; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1701 - 480 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="BFC07BEE8E52049D301887502C939B6A" type="email">jlfernandeza@rjb.csic.es</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="B7BFD1DB131DF2DEC84C7D3ABBB4C1AE">Remeikis, Andrius</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="20016F6EFA65304F480975E892E9DA80">State Research Institute Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, Vilnius 08412, Lithuania. & remeikis. andrew @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9310 - 1112</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="FD27670D0E78E2BE9E598C3ADF4C09D6" type="email">remeikis.andrew@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="F61594234832EEB73A94F087EAFA94E7">Solis, M. Alma</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="452F7C052040D59F650087B36DEDA7E0">Systematic Entomology Laboratory, ARS, US Department of Agriculture, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C., 20013 - 7012, USA. & alma. solis @ usda. gov; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6379 - 1004</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DAD1D766DB2EBD5C590AC8C5EBAC3D62" type="email">alma.solis@usda.gov</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="32C3AB0A4248A0BAEB369CF530DA4513">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A12D3D783FFD1AE3AE3F4AD004CD1297">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="ECF56DF1262AE7533F72556D16B418B8">2021-02-09</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="CBFAB0BB8969DEE515C59F89054BC0D5">4926</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="1FDD8444CEEA9F4F53F660AC02E5B71F">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="7DAEEAE91E10421295B84ED919A961EA" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4926.3.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03EA87FCFFCFFFE4FF19FF19042BF9B0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545996" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177420937" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4545996" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5BEE514E-FA26-4B23-A414-BC1F8FDB12FF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EA87FCFFCFFFE4FF19FF19042BF9B0" lastPageNumber="378" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">
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<subSubSection id="C3596561FFCFFFE4FF19FF1905B5FF74" box="[151,659,151,178]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFC36EAFFCFFFE4FF19FF1905B5FF74" blockId="15.[151,913,151,250]" box="[151,659,151,178]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">
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<heading id="D0B48186FFCFFFE4FF19FF1905B5FF74" bold="true" box="[151,659,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FF19FF1905B5FF74" bold="true" box="[151,659,151,178]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFCFFFE4FF19FF19050EFF74" authority="Diskus & Stonis" authorityName="Diskus & Stonis" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,552,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="odora" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FF19FF190671FF77" bold="true" box="[151,343,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Stigmella odora</emphasis>
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Diškus & Stonis
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2045783FFCFFFE4FDBBFF1905B5FF74" box="[565,659,151,177]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3596561FFCFFFE4FF19FF3504B7FF3F" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFC36EAFFCFFFE4FF19FF3506AFFF13" blockId="15.[151,913,151,250]" box="[151,393,187,214]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFCFFFE4FF11FF350622FF10" box="[159,260,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,190,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-28@4.[164,1423,179,1879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bionomics of new Stigmella species feeding on Lamiaceae plants. 1, 2, Minthostachys mollis (Benth.) Griseb var. mollis, a host plant; 3, leaf mine of S. mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on Minthostachys mollis, Ecuador, SW of Quito, Via Aloag to Sto. Domingo, ca. 3100 m; 4–6, leaf mines of S. odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on M. mollis, Ecuador, Baños, slopes of Tungurahua, ca.1860 m" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529321/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Figs 4–6</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFCFFFE4FE9EFF35067EFF13" box="[272,344,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–53" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1920,1944]" captionTargetBox="[158,1424,189,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[154,1434,181,1896]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 48–53. Male genitalia of Stigmella odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 48, slide AD685, paratype, capsule with phallus removed; 49, same, focused on gnathos and transtilla; 50, same, phallus; 51, same, capsule, focused on valvae and vinculum; 52, slide AD821, holotype, capsule with phallus removed; 53, same, phallus (USNM)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529335/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">48–53</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFCFFFE4FEEAFF3506A7FF13" box="[356,385,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURES 68–70" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1466,1490]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,314,1438]" captionTargetId="figure-80@17.[161,1426,309,1443]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 68–70. Predicted host-specific Stigmella distribution from host plant distribution. 68; approximate distribution of Minthostachys mollis (Benth.) Griseb., including var. mollis, and varieties hybrida Schmidt-Leb. in Colombia and Venezuela, and mandoniana (Briq.) Schmidt-Leb. in Perú and Bolivia, based on a review by Schmidt-Lebuhn (2008) and data from the herbarium of MA from Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela; 69, approximate distribution of Clinopodium tomentosum (Kunth) Govaerts, based on the collection by Epling & Játiva (1964), Harley (1999), and data from the herbariums of MA and MO (Fernández-Alonso & Morales 2013); 70, approximate distribution of Clinopodium axillare (Rusby) Harley, including subspecies C. axillare subsp. axillare and C. axillare subsp. uniflorum (Rusby ex Briq.) J.R.I. Wood, based on Epling & Játiva (1964), Wood (2011), Harley et al. (2014), and data from the herbariums of MA and MO." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529345/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">68</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFC36EAFFCFFFE4FF19FF5104B7FF3F" blockId="15.[151,913,151,250]" box="[151,913,223,250]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">
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lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="FFE50C3FFFCFFFE4FEF0FF5104B7FF3F" box="[382,913,223,250]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">5BEE514E-FA26-4B23-A414-BC1F8FDB12F</uuid>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3596561FFCFFFE4FF19FEA90500FE14" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BFC36EAFFCFFFE4FF19FEA90500FE14" blockId="15.[151,1437,295,1653]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">
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<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FF19FEA90619FE84" bold="true" box="[151,319,295,321]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Type material</emphasis>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54F88848FFCFFFE4FEC0FEA9069DFE84" box="[334,443,295,321]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: ♁,
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<collectingCountry id="F354767AFFCFFFE4FE64FEA90550FE84" box="[490,630,295,321]" name="Ecuador" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
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: SE of Ambato, Baños de Agua Santa, on the slopes of the
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<collectingRegion id="4987F808FFCFFFE4FA98FEA902BAFE84" box="[1302,1436,295,321]" country="Ecuador" name="Tungurahua" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Tungurahua</collectingRegion>
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volcano, 1°24ꞌ13ꞌꞌS, 78°25ꞌ43ꞌꞌW, elevation ca.
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<quantity id="4CBB9B0FFFCFFFE4FD36FEC50434FEA3" box="[696,786,331,358]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.08" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" unit="m" value="2080.0">2080 m</quantity>
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, mining larva on
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFCFFFE4FC68FEC50600FE4F" authority="(Benth.) Griseb." authorityName="Griseb." baseAuthorityName="Benth." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Minthostachys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mollis">
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<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FC68FEC503FEFEA0" box="[998,1240,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Minthostachys mollis</emphasis>
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(Benth.) Griseb. (Lamiaceae)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<date id="FFFD102AFFCFFFE4FEBEFEE10683FE4C" box="[304,421,367,393]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" value="2000-02-10">10.ii.2000</date>
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, leg.
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<collectionCode id="ED52AE2FFFCFFFE4FE51FEFE06D3FE4F" box="[479,501,368,394]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">R</collectionCode>
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. Puplesis, genitalia slide no. AD821♁(pinned adult is lost) (
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<collectionCode id="ED52AE2FFFCFFFE4FB00FEE103C3FE4C" box="[1166,1253,367,393]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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).
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<typeStatus id="54F88848FFCFFFE4FB79FEFE024EFE4F" box="[1271,1384,368,394]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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: 2♁, same label data as
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<typeStatus id="54F88848FFCFFFE4FEE6FE1D06EBFE68" box="[360,461,403,429]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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, genitalia slides nos AD685♁ (pinned adult is lost), AD806♁ (from adult in pupal skin, pinned adult unavailable) (
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<collectionCode id="ED52AE2FFFCFFFE4FE4DFE39053CFE14" box="[451,538,439,465]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3596561FFCFFFE4FF49FE550631FAC8" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BFC36EAFFCFFFE4FF49FE5506A2FCD0" blockId="15.[151,1437,295,1653]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">
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<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FF49FE550664FE30" bold="true" box="[199,322,475,501]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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The new species belongs to the
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFCFFFE4FD34FE550486FE30" box="[698,928,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singularia">
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<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FD34FE550486FE30" box="[698,928,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Stigmella singularia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group, designated and characterized by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B1BFFCFFFE4FF34FE710687FDDC" author="Stonis, J. R. & Diskus, A. & Remeikis, A. & Karsholt, O. & Cumbicus Torres, N." box="[186,417,511,538]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" pagination="1 - 70" refId="ref10114" refString="Stonis, J. R., Diskus, A., Remeikis, A., Karsholt, O. & Cumbicus Torres, N. (2017 a) Illustrated review of the leaf-mining Nepti- culidae (Lepidoptera) of the central Andes (Peru and Bolivia). Zootaxa, 4257 (1), 1 - 70. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4257.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">
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Stonis
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FE86FD8E061FFDDC" box="[264,313,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2017a)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. In the male genitalia,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFCFFFE4FD2EFE7105D9FDDC" authority="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis, 2021" authorityName="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis" authorityYear="2021" box="[672,767,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="odora" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FD2EFE7105D9FDDC" box="[672,767,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">S. odora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FC89FE710446FDDC" bold="true" box="[775,864,511,537]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2045783FFCFFFE4FC89FE710446FDDC" box="[775,864,511,537]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
differs from the similar
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFCFFFE4FBFDFE71022DFDDC" authority="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis, 2021" authorityName="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis" authorityYear="2021" box="[1139,1291,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mentholica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FBFDFE71022DFDDC" box="[1139,1291,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">S. mentholica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FA9DFE71024BFDDC" bold="true" box="[1299,1389,511,537]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2045783FFCFFFE4FA9DFE71024BFDDC" box="[1299,1389,511,537]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFCFFFE4FF19FDAD0601FDF8" authority="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis, 2021" authorityName="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,295,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aromatica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FF19FDAD0601FDF8" box="[151,295,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">S. aromatica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FEA1FDAD06ACFDF8" bold="true" box="[303,394,547,573]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2045783FFCFFFE4FEA1FDAD06ACFDF8" box="[303,394,547,573]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
by the unique uncus (see
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFCFFFE4FD38FDAD042CFDF8" box="[694,778,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–53" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1920,1944]" captionTargetBox="[158,1424,189,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[154,1434,181,1896]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 48–53. Male genitalia of Stigmella odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 48, slide AD685, paratype, capsule with phallus removed; 49, same, focused on gnathos and transtilla; 50, same, phallus; 51, same, capsule, focused on valvae and vinculum; 52, slide AD821, holotype, capsule with phallus removed; 53, same, phallus (USNM)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529335/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
|
||
), very slender plate of the gnathos, presence of numerous small cornuti (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFCFFFE4FEB5FDC906A8FDA7" box="[315,398,583,610]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–53" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1920,1944]" captionTargetBox="[158,1424,189,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[154,1434,181,1896]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 48–53. Male genitalia of Stigmella odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 48, slide AD685, paratype, capsule with phallus removed; 49, same, focused on gnathos and transtilla; 50, same, phallus; 51, same, capsule, focused on valvae and vinculum; 52, slide AD821, holotype, capsule with phallus removed; 53, same, phallus (USNM)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529335/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
|
||
), and the wide inner lobe and large apical process of the valva (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFCFFFE4FBD3FDC903C7FDA7" box="[1117,1249,583,610]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–53" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1920,1944]" captionTargetBox="[158,1424,189,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[154,1434,181,1896]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 48–53. Male genitalia of Stigmella odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 48, slide AD685, paratype, capsule with phallus removed; 49, same, focused on gnathos and transtilla; 50, same, phallus; 51, same, capsule, focused on valvae and vinculum; 52, slide AD821, holotype, capsule with phallus removed; 53, same, phallus (USNM)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529335/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Figs 51, 52</figureCitation>
|
||
). The host plant,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFCFFFE4FF19FDE506A0FD40" box="[151,390,619,645]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Minthostachys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FF19FDE506A0FD40" box="[151,390,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Minthostachys mollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, makes this species distinctive among
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFCFFFE4FCB4FDE50482FD40" authorityName="Schrank" authorityYear="1802" box="[826,932,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FCB4FDE50482FD40" box="[826,932,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Stigmella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, except for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFCFFFE4FB0CFDE5023CFD40" authorityName="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis" authorityYear="2021" box="[1154,1306,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mentholica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FB0CFDE5023CFD40" box="[1154,1306,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">S. mentholica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FADFFDE507CDFD6C" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFCFFFE4FADFFDE507C1FD6C" authorityName="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aromatica">S. aromatica</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFCFFFE4FEE8FD0106E3FD6C" authorityName="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis" authorityYear="2021" box="[358,453,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="odora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FEE8FD0106E3FD6C" box="[358,453,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">S. odora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from both species in the morphology of the leaf mine: the leaf mine of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFCFFFE4FAB3FD0102BAFD6C" authorityName="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis" authorityYear="2021" box="[1341,1436,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="odora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FAB3FD0102BAFD6C" box="[1341,1436,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">S. odora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a combination of a very slender gallery and an irregular blotch (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFCFFFE4FC0AFD3D04EFFD0B" box="[900,969,691,718]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,190,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-28@4.[164,1423,179,1879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bionomics of new Stigmella species feeding on Lamiaceae plants. 1, 2, Minthostachys mollis (Benth.) Griseb var. mollis, a host plant; 3, leaf mine of S. mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on Minthostachys mollis, Ecuador, SW of Quito, Via Aloag to Sto. Domingo, ca. 3100 m; 4–6, leaf mines of S. odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on M. mollis, Ecuador, Baños, slopes of Tungurahua, ca.1860 m" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529321/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), while the leaf mine of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFCFFFE4FB51FD3D0248FD08" authorityName="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis" authorityYear="2021" box="[1247,1390,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aromatica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FB51FD3D0248FD08" box="[1247,1390,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">S. aromatica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a slender gallery almost entirely filled with frass (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFCFFFE4FD20FD590426FD34" box="[686,768,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–11" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1914,1938]" captionTargetBox="[166,1422,189,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[154,1434,181,1890]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 7–11. Bionomics of Stigmella aromatica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 7, 8, host plant Minthostachys mollis (Benth.) Griseb var. mollis, Lamiaceae; 9–11, leaf mines, Ecuador, SW of Quito, Via Aloag to Sto. Domingo, ca. 3100 m" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529323/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
), and the leaf mine of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFCFFFE4FC74FD5903B4FD34" authorityName="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis" authorityYear="2021" box="[1018,1170,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mentholica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FC74FD5903B4FD34" box="[1018,1170,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">S. mentholica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a relatively short and wide gallery (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFCFFFE4FEBCFD750650FCD0" box="[306,374,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,190,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-28@4.[164,1423,179,1879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bionomics of new Stigmella species feeding on Lamiaceae plants. 1, 2, Minthostachys mollis (Benth.) Griseb var. mollis, a host plant; 3, leaf mine of S. mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on Minthostachys mollis, Ecuador, SW of Quito, Via Aloag to Sto. Domingo, ca. 3100 m; 4–6, leaf mines of S. odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on M. mollis, Ecuador, Baños, slopes of Tungurahua, ca.1860 m" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529321/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36EAFFCFFFE4FF49FC910417FCFF" blockId="15.[151,1437,295,1653]" box="[199,817,799,826]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FF49FC910622FCFC" bold="true" box="[199,260,799,825]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Male</emphasis>
|
||
. External characters are unknown (see Remarks).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36EAFFCFFFE4FF49FCCD0684FC98" blockId="15.[151,1437,295,1653]" box="[199,418,835,862]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FF49FCCD0638FC98" bold="true" box="[199,286,835,861]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Female</emphasis>
|
||
. Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36EAFFCFFFE4FF49FCE90368FBF3" blockId="15.[151,1437,295,1653]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FF49FCE90654FC44" bold="true" box="[199,370,871,897]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFCFFFE4FE0FFCE90523FC47" box="[385,517,871,898]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–53" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1920,1944]" captionTargetBox="[158,1424,189,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[154,1434,181,1896]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 48–53. Male genitalia of Stigmella odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 48, slide AD685, paratype, capsule with phallus removed; 49, same, focused on gnathos and transtilla; 50, same, phallus; 51, same, capsule, focused on valvae and vinculum; 52, slide AD821, holotype, capsule with phallus removed; 53, same, phallus (USNM)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529335/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Figs 48–53</figureCitation>
|
||
). Capsule longer (260–280 μm) than wide (175–180 μm). Vinculum with short or moderately long, triangular lateral lobes. Uncus gradually narrowing towards apex, with characteristic caudal lobes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFCFFFE4FF2EFC2107D3FC0C" box="[160,245,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–53" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1920,1944]" captionTargetBox="[158,1424,189,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[154,1434,181,1896]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 48–53. Male genitalia of Stigmella odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 48, slide AD685, paratype, capsule with phallus removed; 49, same, focused on gnathos and transtilla; 50, same, phallus; 51, same, capsule, focused on valvae and vinculum; 52, slide AD821, holotype, capsule with phallus removed; 53, same, phallus (USNM)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529335/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
|
||
). Median plant of gnathos very slender, with two slender caudal processes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFCFFFE4FBD8FC21038AFC0C" box="[1110,1196,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–53" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1920,1944]" captionTargetBox="[158,1424,189,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[154,1434,181,1896]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 48–53. Male genitalia of Stigmella odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 48, slide AD685, paratype, capsule with phallus removed; 49, same, focused on gnathos and transtilla; 50, same, phallus; 51, same, capsule, focused on valvae and vinculum; 52, slide AD821, holotype, capsule with phallus removed; 53, same, phallus (USNM)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529335/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
|
||
). Valva (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFCFFFE4FA9FFC2102B2FC0F" box="[1297,1428,943,970]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–53" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1920,1944]" captionTargetBox="[158,1424,189,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[154,1434,181,1896]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 48–53. Male genitalia of Stigmella odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 48, slide AD685, paratype, capsule with phallus removed; 49, same, focused on gnathos and transtilla; 50, same, phallus; 51, same, capsule, focused on valvae and vinculum; 52, slide AD821, holotype, capsule with phallus removed; 53, same, phallus (USNM)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529335/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Figs 51, 52</figureCitation>
|
||
) 170–190 μm long, with a large apical process and wide inner lobe (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFCFFFE4FCF5FC5D04E8FC2B" box="[891,974,979,1006]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–53" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1920,1944]" captionTargetBox="[158,1424,189,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[154,1434,181,1896]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 48–53. Male genitalia of Stigmella odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 48, slide AD685, paratype, capsule with phallus removed; 49, same, focused on gnathos and transtilla; 50, same, phallus; 51, same, capsule, focused on valvae and vinculum; 52, slide AD821, holotype, capsule with phallus removed; 53, same, phallus (USNM)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529335/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Fig. 52</figureCitation>
|
||
); transtilla with short sublateral processes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFCFFFE4FF2EFC7907D5FBD4" box="[160,243,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–53" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1920,1944]" captionTargetBox="[158,1424,189,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[154,1434,181,1896]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 48–53. Male genitalia of Stigmella odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 48, slide AD685, paratype, capsule with phallus removed; 49, same, focused on gnathos and transtilla; 50, same, phallus; 51, same, capsule, focused on valvae and vinculum; 52, slide AD821, holotype, capsule with phallus removed; 53, same, phallus (USNM)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529335/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
|
||
). Juxta membranous, indistinctive. Phallus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFCFFFE4FD51FC790478FBD7" box="[735,862,1015,1042]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–53" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1920,1944]" captionTargetBox="[158,1424,189,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[154,1434,181,1896]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 48–53. Male genitalia of Stigmella odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 48, slide AD685, paratype, capsule with phallus removed; 49, same, focused on gnathos and transtilla; 50, same, phallus; 51, same, capsule, focused on valvae and vinculum; 52, slide AD821, holotype, capsule with phallus removed; 53, same, phallus (USNM)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529335/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Figs 50, 53</figureCitation>
|
||
) 275–280 μm long, 80–100 μm wide; vesica with a set of numerous large spine-like cornuti and many small, triangular cornuti (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFCFFFE4FC63FB950366FBF3" box="[1005,1088,1051,1078]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–53" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1920,1944]" captionTargetBox="[158,1424,189,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[154,1434,181,1896]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 48–53. Male genitalia of Stigmella odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 48, slide AD685, paratype, capsule with phallus removed; 49, same, focused on gnathos and transtilla; 50, same, phallus; 51, same, capsule, focused on valvae and vinculum; 52, slide AD821, holotype, capsule with phallus removed; 53, same, phallus (USNM)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529335/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36EAFFCFFFE4FF49FBB10631FAC8" blockId="15.[151,1437,295,1653]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FF49FBB10665FB9C" bold="true" box="[199,323,1087,1113]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Bionomics</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFCFFFE4FEDAFBB106D1FB9F" box="[340,503,1087,1114]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,190,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-28@4.[164,1423,179,1879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bionomics of new Stigmella species feeding on Lamiaceae plants. 1, 2, Minthostachys mollis (Benth.) Griseb var. mollis, a host plant; 3, leaf mine of S. mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on Minthostachys mollis, Ecuador, SW of Quito, Via Aloag to Sto. Domingo, ca. 3100 m; 4–6, leaf mines of S. odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on M. mollis, Ecuador, Baños, slopes of Tungurahua, ca.1860 m" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529321/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Figs 1, 2, 4–6</figureCitation>
|
||
). Host plant is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFCFFFE4FD2AFBB10370FB9C" authority="(Benth.) Griseb." authorityName="Griseb." baseAuthorityName="Benth." box="[676,1110,1087,1114]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Minthostachys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FD2AFBB104B2FB9C" box="[676,916,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Minthostachys mollis</emphasis>
|
||
(Benth.) Griseb.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFCFFFE4FBEDFBB103C7FB9C" box="[1123,1249,1087,1113]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lamiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFCFFFE4FB62FBB1027CFB9C" authorityName="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis" authorityYear="2021" box="[1260,1370,1087,1113]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Mentheae">Mentheae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFCFFFE4FAE4FBB107E1FBB8" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,190,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-28@4.[164,1423,179,1879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bionomics of new Stigmella species feeding on Lamiaceae plants. 1, 2, Minthostachys mollis (Benth.) Griseb var. mollis, a host plant; 3, leaf mine of S. mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on Minthostachys mollis, Ecuador, SW of Quito, Via Aloag to Sto. Domingo, ca. 3100 m; 4–6, leaf mines of S. odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on M. mollis, Ecuador, Baños, slopes of Tungurahua, ca.1860 m" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529321/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Figs 1, 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Larva pale, grey yellowish green with indistinctive, ochre-brown intestine and dark brown head; feeds in February. Leaf mine (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFCFFFE4FE07FB0906CAFB67" box="[393,492,1159,1186]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,190,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-28@4.[164,1423,179,1879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bionomics of new Stigmella species feeding on Lamiaceae plants. 1, 2, Minthostachys mollis (Benth.) Griseb var. mollis, a host plant; 3, leaf mine of S. mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on Minthostachys mollis, Ecuador, SW of Quito, Via Aloag to Sto. Domingo, ca. 3100 m; 4–6, leaf mines of S. odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on M. mollis, Ecuador, Baños, slopes of Tungurahua, ca.1860 m" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529321/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Figs 4–6</figureCitation>
|
||
) is combined of a long, very slender gallery and a large, irregular blotch; the slender gallery is heavily contorted in the initial part and entirely or almost entirely filled with black-brown frass (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFCFFFE4FAC6FB2502ABFB03" box="[1352,1421,1195,1222]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,190,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-28@4.[164,1423,179,1879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bionomics of new Stigmella species feeding on Lamiaceae plants. 1, 2, Minthostachys mollis (Benth.) Griseb var. mollis, a host plant; 3, leaf mine of S. mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on Minthostachys mollis, Ecuador, SW of Quito, Via Aloag to Sto. Domingo, ca. 3100 m; 4–6, leaf mines of S. odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on M. mollis, Ecuador, Baños, slopes of Tungurahua, ca.1860 m" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529321/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
); the blotch-like part of the leaf mine is with medially scattered black-brown frass (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFCFFFE4FBA4FB4103A8FB2F" box="[1066,1166,1231,1258]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,190,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-28@4.[164,1423,179,1879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bionomics of new Stigmella species feeding on Lamiaceae plants. 1, 2, Minthostachys mollis (Benth.) Griseb var. mollis, a host plant; 3, leaf mine of S. mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on Minthostachys mollis, Ecuador, SW of Quito, Via Aloag to Sto. Domingo, ca. 3100 m; 4–6, leaf mines of S. odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on M. mollis, Ecuador, Baños, slopes of Tungurahua, ca.1860 m" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529321/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Figs 4, 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). Adults fly in February and March.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3596561FFCFFFE4FF49FA990423FABF" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36EAFFCFFFE4FF49FA990423FABF" blockId="15.[151,1437,295,1653]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FF49FA99067FFAF4" bold="true" box="[199,345,1303,1329]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFCFFFE4FEE4FA9906E6FAF7" box="[362,448,1303,1330]" captionStart="FIGURES 68–70" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1466,1490]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,314,1438]" captionTargetId="figure-80@17.[161,1426,309,1443]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 68–70. Predicted host-specific Stigmella distribution from host plant distribution. 68; approximate distribution of Minthostachys mollis (Benth.) Griseb., including var. mollis, and varieties hybrida Schmidt-Leb. in Colombia and Venezuela, and mandoniana (Briq.) Schmidt-Leb. in Perú and Bolivia, based on a review by Schmidt-Lebuhn (2008) and data from the herbarium of MA from Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela; 69, approximate distribution of Clinopodium tomentosum (Kunth) Govaerts, based on the collection by Epling & Játiva (1964), Harley (1999), and data from the herbariums of MA and MO (Fernández-Alonso & Morales 2013); 70, approximate distribution of Clinopodium axillare (Rusby) Harley, including subspecies C. axillare subsp. axillare and C. axillare subsp. uniflorum (Rusby ex Briq.) J.R.I. Wood, based on Epling & Játiva (1964), Wood (2011), Harley et al. (2014), and data from the herbariums of MA and MO." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529345/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Fig. 68</figureCitation>
|
||
). This species is known from a single locality in equatorial Andes, on the slopes of the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4987F808FFCFFFE4FF19FAB5063BFA90" box="[151,285,1339,1365]" country="Ecuador" name="Tungurahua" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Tungurahua</collectingRegion>
|
||
volcano (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F354767AFFCFFFE4FE02FAB506C9FA90" box="[396,495,1339,1365]" name="Ecuador" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Baños) at the elevation of ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CBB9B0FFFCFFFE4FCC9FAB504B8FA93" box="[839,926,1339,1366]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" unit="m" value="2100.0">2100 m</quantity>
|
||
, but the host plant has a much wider distribution in the northern and central Andes (see Discussion).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3596561FFCFFFE4FF49FA0D05CCFA07" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36EAFFCFFFE4FF49FA0D05CCFA07" blockId="15.[151,1437,295,1653]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FF49FA0D0668FA58" bold="true" box="[199,334,1411,1437]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species name is derived from Latin
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FCBAFA0D04A4FA58" box="[820,898,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">odorus</emphasis>
|
||
(odorous, scented), in reference to the mintyscented host plant and leaf mines of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFCFFFE4FDA1FA2905C5FA04" authorityName="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis" authorityYear="2021" box="[559,739,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="odora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FDA1FA2905C5FA04" box="[559,739,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Stigmella odora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3596561FFCFFFE4FF49FA45042BF9B0" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36EAFFCFFFE4FF49FA45042BF9B0" blockId="15.[151,1437,295,1653]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFCFFFE4FF49FA45061DFA20" bold="true" box="[199,315,1483,1509]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The new species is described based on the genitalia of three male specimens and the leaf mines only. The pinned adult of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F88848FFCFFFE4FE10FA610526F9CC" box="[414,512,1519,1545]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was lost, and the two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F88848FFCFFFE4FD7CFA7E047BF9CF" box="[754,861,1520,1546]" pageId="15" pageNumber="378" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
are from adults in pupal skins, and therefore pinned specimens are unavailable. Although external characters of the species remain unknown, the new species possesses unique male genitalia and a particularly unique morphology of the leaf mine. We describe this species for the record and hope that the adults will be discovered in the future.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |