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<mods:title id="3D382C2B1BF110057D1A7D7D925E148F">Taxonomic review of Thoracostomopsidae (Nematoda, Enoplida): state of the art, list of valid species and dichotomous keys</mods:title>
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<heading id="3927594F2521FFE7FF27FD50535720FF" bold="true" box="[151,1133,663,690]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" reason="1">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FF27FD50535720FF" bold="true" box="[151,1133,663,690]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FF5EFD5F535720FF" ID-CoL="8TM9B" authority="(Filipjev, 1927) De Coninck &amp; Schuurmans Stekhoven, 1933" authorityName="De Coninck &amp; Schuurmans Stekhoven" authorityYear="1933" baseAuthorityName="Filipjev" baseAuthorityYear="1927" box="[238,1133,663,690]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Oxyonchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FF5EFD5F564D20FF" bold="true" box="[238,375,663,690]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Oxyonchus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FE36FD50550820FF" author="Filipjev, I. N." box="[390,562,664,690]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="1 - 216" refId="ref21409" refString="Filipjev, I. N. (1927) Les nematodes libres des mers septentrionales appartenant a la famille des Enoplidae. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A, Original-Arbeiten, 1 - 216." type="book chapter" year="1927">Filipjev, 1927</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FDF1FD50535720FF" author="De Coninck, L. A. &amp; Schuurmans Stekhoven, J. H." box="[577,1133,664,690]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="3 - 163" refId="ref20775" refString="De Coninck, L. A. &amp; Schuurmans Stekhoven, J. H. (1933) The freeliving marine nemas of the Belgian Coast. II With general remarks on the structure and the system of nemas. Memoires Institut Royal Des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 58, 3 - 163." type="journal article" year="1933">De Coninck &amp; Schuurmans Stekhoven, 1933</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection id="2ACABDA82521FFE7FF27FD28566E257F" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="626FEE232521FFE7FF27FD28566E257F" blockId="19.[151,1437,736,2023]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">
First,
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FF6DFD28566320B7" authorityName="De Coninck &amp; Schuurmans Stekhoven" authorityYear="1933" baseAuthorityName="Filipjev" baseAuthorityYear="1927" box="[221,345,736,762]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Oxyonchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FF6DFD28566320B7" box="[221,345,736,762]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Oxyonchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was created by
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FD90FD2855F720B7" author="Filipjev, I. N." box="[544,717,736,762]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="1 - 216" refId="ref21409" refString="Filipjev, I. N. (1927) Les nematodes libres des mers septentrionales appartenant a la famille des Enoplidae. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A, Original-Arbeiten, 1 - 216." type="book chapter" year="1927">Filipjev (1927)</bibRefCitation>
as a new subgenus of
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FC54FD2853BA20B7" authorityName="de Man" authorityYear="1893" box="[996,1152,736,762]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Enoplolaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FC54FD2853BA20B7" box="[996,1152,736,762]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Enoplolaimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
including
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FAB1FD2855092153" authority="Steiner, 1916" authorityName="Steiner" authorityYear="1916" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Enoplolaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="hamatus" subGenus="Oxyonchus">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FAB1FD2852A720B7" box="[1281,1437,736,762]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Enoplolaimus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FF11FCCC56272153" box="[161,285,772,798]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Oxyonchus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FE80FCCC56B52153" box="[304,399,772,798]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">hamatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FE29FCCC55092153" author="Steiner, G." box="[409,563,772,798]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="511 - 664" refId="ref25224" refString="Steiner, G. (1916) Freilebende Nematoden aus der Barentssee. Zoologische Jahrbucher, 39, 511 - 664." type="journal article" year="1916">Steiner, 1916</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FDF1FCCC53D02153" authority="Ssaweljev, 1912" authorityName="Ssaweljev" authorityYear="1912" box="[577,1258,772,798]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Enoplolaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="acantholaimus" subGenus="Oxyonchus">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FDF1FCCC55E72153" box="[577,733,772,798]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Enoplolaimus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FD40FCCC54562153" box="[752,876,772,798]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Oxyonchus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FCCFFCCC531E2153" box="[895,1060,772,798]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">acantholaimus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FB9EFCCC53D02153" author="Ssaweljev, S." box="[1070,1258,772,798]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="108 - 126" refId="ref25187" refString="Ssaweljev, S. (1912) Zur Kenntnis der freilebenden Nematoden des Kolafjords und des Relictensee Mogilnoje. Travaux de la Societe (Imperiales) des Naturalistes de Saint-Petersbourg, 43, 108 - 126." type="journal article" year="1912">Ssaweljev, 1912</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FAB1FCCC557A210F" authority="de Man, 1904" authorityName="de Man" authorityYear="1904" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Enoplolaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="australis" subGenus="Oxyonchus">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FAB1FCCC52A72153" box="[1281,1437,772,798]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Enoplolaimus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FF11FCE056A9210F" box="[161,403,808,834]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Oxyonchus) australis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FE2EFCE0557A210F" author="de Man, J. G." box="[414,576,808,835]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="1 - 51" refId="ref20911" refString="de Man, J. G. (1904) Nematodes libres (Expedit. Antarc-tique Belge). Resultats du Voyage du SY Belgica, 1904, 1 - 51." type="journal article" year="1904">de Man, 1904</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FDCFFCE053DB210F" authority="Ditlevsen, 1918" authorityName="Ditlevsen" authorityYear="1918" box="[639,1249,808,834]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Enoplolaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="dentatus" subGenus="Oxyonchus">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FDCFFCE05421210F" box="[639,795,808,834]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Enoplolaimus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FC9EFCE05324210F" box="[814,1054,808,834]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Oxyonchus) dentatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FB99FCE053DB210F" author="Ditlevsen, H." box="[1065,1249,808,834]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="147 - 214" refId="ref21023" refString="Ditlevsen, H. (1918) Marine freeliving nematodes from Danish waters. Vidensk. Meddeleiser fra Dansk Naturhisforisk Forening i KjObenhavn, 70 (7), 147 - 214." type="journal article" year="1918">Ditlevsen, 1918</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FB40FCE052A6210F" author="Filipjev, I. N." box="[1264,1436,808,834]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="1 - 216" refId="ref21409" refString="Filipjev, I. N. (1927) Les nematodes libres des mers septentrionales appartenant a la famille des Enoplidae. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A, Original-Arbeiten, 1 - 216." type="book chapter" year="1927">Filipjev (1927)</bibRefCitation>
also described
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FE8FFC845451212B" authority="Filipjev, 1927" authorityName="Filipjev" authorityYear="1927" box="[319,875,844,870]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Enoplolaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="polaris" subGenus="Oxyonchus">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FE8FFC8455FD212B" box="[319,711,844,870]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Enoplolaimus (Oxyonchus) polaris</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FD7FFC845451212B" author="Filipjev, I. N." box="[719,875,844,870]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="1 - 216" refId="ref21409" refString="Filipjev, I. N. (1927) Les nematodes libres des mers septentrionales appartenant a la famille des Enoplidae. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A, Original-Arbeiten, 1 - 216." type="book chapter" year="1927">Filipjev, 1927</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and synonymized this species with
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FAB1FC84553921C7" authority="sensu Ditlevsen, 1926" authorityName="sensu Ditlevsen" authorityYear="1926" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Enoplolaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="hamatus">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FAB1FC8457CC21C7" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Enoplolaimus hamatus</emphasis>
sensu
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FEFBFCB8553921C7" author="Ditlevsen, H." box="[331,515,880,906]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" refId="ref21056" refString="Ditlevsen, H. (1926) Free-living Nematodes. The Danish Ingolf-Expedition. Vol. IV. Part 6. Kobenhavns universitet, Zoologisk Museum, Copenhagen, 74 pp." type="book" year="1926">Ditlevsen, 1926</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FDA2FCB855B421C7" authorityName="De Coninck &amp; Schuurmans Stekhoven" authorityYear="1933" baseAuthorityName="Filipjev" baseAuthorityYear="1927" box="[530,654,880,906]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Oxyonchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FDA2FCB855B421C7" box="[530,654,880,906]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Oxyonchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FC9FFCB854F121C7" authorityName="de Man" authorityYear="1893" box="[815,971,880,906]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Enoplolaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FC9FFCB854F121C7" box="[815,971,880,906]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Enoplolaimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the buccal cavity bearing two well-developed teeth and onchia and
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FDB5FC5D533421E3" author="De Coninck, L. A. &amp; Schuurmans Stekhoven, J. H." box="[517,1038,916,943]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="3 - 163" refId="ref20775" refString="De Coninck, L. A. &amp; Schuurmans Stekhoven, J. H. (1933) The freeliving marine nemas of the Belgian Coast. II With general remarks on the structure and the system of nemas. Memoires Institut Royal Des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 58, 3 - 163." type="journal article" year="1933">De Coninck &amp; Schuurmans Stekhoven (1933)</bibRefCitation>
raised it to genus level bringing to it most of the Filipjev`s species, except
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FDD4FC7053AD219F" authority="Filipjev, 1927" authorityName="Filipjev" authorityYear="1927" box="[612,1175,952,978]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Enoplolaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="polaris" subGenus="Oxyonchus">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FDD4FC7054B5219F" box="[612,911,952,978]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Enoplolaimus (Oxyonchus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FC11FC7054CA219F" box="[929,1008,952,978]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">polaris</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FC4AFC7053AD219F" author="Filipjev, I. N." box="[1018,1175,952,978]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="1 - 216" refId="ref21409" refString="Filipjev, I. N. (1927) Les nematodes libres des mers septentrionales appartenant a la famille des Enoplidae. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A, Original-Arbeiten, 1 - 216." type="book chapter" year="1927">Filipjev, 1927</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
which was considered as a synonym of
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FEE7FC1456DA21BB" box="[343,480,988,1014]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FEE7FC1456E621BB" authorityName="Ditlevsen" authorityYear="1918" box="[343,476,988,1014]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Enoplolaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="dentatus">O. dentatus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
but this synonym was invalidated later by
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FC75FC14535321BA" author="Wieser, W." box="[965,1129,988,1015]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="1 - 155" refId="ref25709" refString="Wieser, W. (1953) Free-living marine nematodes. I. Enoploidea. Chile reports 10. Lund. Univ. Arsskrift, 49, 1 - 155." type="journal article" year="1953">Wieser (1953)</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FBC4FC1457F52657" authority="Allgen, 1930" authorityName="Allgen" authorityYear="1930" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Oxyonchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="stateni">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FBC4FC14527921BB" box="[1140,1347,988,1014]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Oxyonchus stateni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FAF9FC1457F52657" author="Allgen, C. A." pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="189 - 191" refId="ref19622" refString="Allgen, C. A. (1930) Uber eine neue Art des Genus Enoplolaimus de Man, Enoplolaimus gracilisetosus von der Macquarieinsel. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 92, 189 - 191." type="journal article" year="1930">Allgén, 1930</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FEBAFBC855802657" authority="Allgen, 1932" authorityName="Allgen" authorityYear="1932" box="[266,698,1024,1050]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Enoplolaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="campbelli">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FEBAFBC855262657" box="[266,540,1024,1050]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Enoplolaimus campbelli</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FD95FBC855802657" author="Allgen, C. A." box="[549,698,1024,1050]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="97 - 198" refId="ref19656" refString="Allgen, C. A. (1932) Weitere Beitrage zur Kenntnis der marinen Nematodenfauna der Campbellinsel. Nyt Magazin for Naturvidenskaberne, 70, 97 - 198." type="journal article" year="1932">Allgén, 1932</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
were also considered a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FBD0FBC853DC2657" authorityName="de Man" authorityYear="1904" box="[1120,1254,1024,1050]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Enoplolaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FBD0FBC853DC2657" box="[1120,1254,1024,1050]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">O. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FAA4FBC955212673" author="De Coninck, L. A. &amp; Schuurmans Stekhoven, J. H." pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="3 - 163" refId="ref20775" refString="De Coninck, L. A. &amp; Schuurmans Stekhoven, J. H. (1933) The freeliving marine nemas of the Belgian Coast. II With general remarks on the structure and the system of nemas. Memoires Institut Royal Des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 58, 3 - 163." type="journal article" year="1933">De Coninck &amp; Schuurmans Stekhoven (1933)</bibRefCitation>
. These authors transferred
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FCE6FBEC53C82673" authority="Filipjev, 1918" authorityName="Filipjev" authorityYear="1918" box="[854,1266,1060,1086]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Enoplolaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="dubius">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FCE6FBEC537D2673" box="[854,1095,1060,1086]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Enoplolaimus dubius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FBE1FBEC53C82673" author="Filipjev, I. N." box="[1105,1266,1060,1086]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="1 - 350" refId="ref21323" refString="Filipjev, I. N. (1918) Free-living marine nematodes of the Sevastopol area. Transactions of the Zoological Laboratory and the Sevastopol Biological Station of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Series 2, 4, 1 - 350." type="journal article" year="1918">Filipjev, 1918</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FAB1FBEC56BD262F" authority="Schulz, 1932" authorityName="Schulz" authorityYear="1932" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Enoplolaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FAB1FBEC57D7262F" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Enoplolaimus elegans</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FF44FB8056BD262F" author="Schulz, E." box="[244,391,1096,1122]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="331 - 430" refId="ref24585" refString="Schulz, E. (1932) Beitrage zur Kenntnis mariner Nematoden aus der Kieler Bucht. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere, 62, 331 - 430." type="journal article" year="1932">Schulz, 1932</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FE0EFB8054AA262F" authority="Ditlevsen, 1930" authorityName="Ditlevsen" authorityYear="1930" box="[446,912,1096,1122]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Enoplolaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="crassidens">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FE0EFB8055EC262F" box="[446,726,1096,1122]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Enoplolaimus crassidens</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FD6EFB8054AA262F" author="Ditlevsen, H." box="[734,912,1096,1122]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="201 - 242" refId="ref21114" refString="Ditlevsen, H. (1930) Papers from Dr. Th. Mortensen's Pacific Expedition 1914 - 16. 52. Marine free-living nematodes from New Zealand. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Naturhistorisk Forening, 87, 201 - 242." type="journal article" year="1930">Ditlevsen, 1930</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FC04FB80530A262F" authorityName="De Coninck &amp; Schuurmans Stekhoven" authorityYear="1933" baseAuthorityName="Filipjev" baseAuthorityYear="1927" box="[948,1072,1096,1122]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Oxyonchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FC04FB80530A262F" box="[948,1072,1096,1122]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Oxyonchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and provided a key to the seven known species of
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FEDDFBA456D326CB" authorityName="De Coninck &amp; Schuurmans Stekhoven" authorityYear="1933" baseAuthorityName="Filipjev" baseAuthorityYear="1927" box="[365,489,1132,1158]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Oxyonchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FEDDFBA456D326CB" box="[365,489,1132,1158]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Oxyonchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FE4BFBA455A426CA" author="Wieser, W." box="[507,670,1132,1159]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="1 - 155" refId="ref25709" refString="Wieser, W. (1953) Free-living marine nematodes. I. Enoploidea. Chile reports 10. Lund. Univ. Arsskrift, 49, 1 - 155." type="journal article" year="1953">Wieser (1953)</bibRefCitation>
revised the genus confirming the synonym of
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FB78FBA4520326CB" authorityName="Allgen" authorityYear="1930" box="[1224,1337,1132,1158]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Oxyonchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="stateni">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FB78FBA4520326CB" box="[1224,1337,1132,1158]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">O. stateni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FA31FBA457C326E7" authorityName="de Man" authorityYear="1904" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Enoplolaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FA31FBA457C326E7" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">O. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
previously indicated by
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FDA8FB59531326E7" author="De Coninck, L. A. &amp; Schuurmans Stekhoven, J. H." box="[536,1065,1168,1195]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="3 - 163" refId="ref20775" refString="De Coninck, L. A. &amp; Schuurmans Stekhoven, J. H. (1933) The freeliving marine nemas of the Belgian Coast. II With general remarks on the structure and the system of nemas. Memoires Institut Royal Des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 58, 3 - 163." type="journal article" year="1933">De Coninck &amp; Schuurmans Stekhoven (1933)</bibRefCitation>
and pointed out some problems with the validity of
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FEC4FB7C55272683" author="Filipjev, I. N." box="[372,541,1204,1230]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="1 - 216" refId="ref21409" refString="Filipjev, I. N. (1927) Les nematodes libres des mers septentrionales appartenant a la famille des Enoplidae. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A, Original-Arbeiten, 1 - 216." type="book chapter" year="1927">Filipjev (1927)</bibRefCitation>
species, for example
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FCA0FB7C54BB2683" authorityName="Filipjev" authorityYear="1927" box="[784,897,1204,1230]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Enoplolaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="polaris">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FCA0FB7C54BB2683" box="[784,897,1204,1230]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">O. polaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was considered as valid species and
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FA90FB7C542D26BF" authority="(Schulz, 1926) De Coninck &amp; Schuurmans, 1933" authorityName="De Coninck &amp; Schuurmans" authorityYear="1933" baseAuthorityName="Schulz" baseAuthorityYear="1926" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Oxyonchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FA90FB7C57D726BF" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Oxyonchus elegans</emphasis>
(Schulz, 1926)
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FE2EFB11542D26BF" author="De Coninck, L. A. &amp; Schuurmans Stekhoven, J. H." box="[414,791,1240,1267]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="3 - 163" refId="ref20775" refString="De Coninck, L. A. &amp; Schuurmans Stekhoven, J. H. (1933) The freeliving marine nemas of the Belgian Coast. II With general remarks on the structure and the system of nemas. Memoires Institut Royal Des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 58, 3 - 163." type="journal article" year="1933">De Coninck &amp; Schuurmans, 1933</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FCFCFB1056BD275B" authority="(Ditlevsen, 1930) De Coninck &amp; Schuurmans, 1933" authorityName="De Coninck &amp; Schuurmans" authorityYear="1933" baseAuthorityName="Ditlevsen" baseAuthorityYear="1930" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Oxyonchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="crassidens">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FCFCFB10537F26BF" box="[844,1093,1240,1266]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Oxyonchus crassidens</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FBE4FB10523D26BF" author="Ditlevsen, H." box="[1108,1287,1240,1266]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="201 - 242" refId="ref21114" refString="Ditlevsen, H. (1930) Papers from Dr. Th. Mortensen's Pacific Expedition 1914 - 16. 52. Marine free-living nematodes from New Zealand. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Naturhistorisk Forening, 87, 201 - 242." type="journal article" year="1930">Ditlevsen, 1930</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FAA6FB1156BD275B" author="De Coninck, L. A. &amp; Schuurmans Stekhoven, J. H." pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="3 - 163" refId="ref20775" refString="De Coninck, L. A. &amp; Schuurmans Stekhoven, J. H. (1933) The freeliving marine nemas of the Belgian Coast. II With general remarks on the structure and the system of nemas. Memoires Institut Royal Des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 58, 3 - 163." type="journal article" year="1933">De Coninck &amp; Schuurmans, 1933</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
were suggested to be synonyms of
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FCAEFB34549D275B" box="[798,935,1276,1302]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FCAEFB345499275B" authorityName="Ditlevsen" authorityYear="1918" box="[798,931,1276,1302]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Enoplolaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="dentatus">O. dentatus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
In this case, seven species were included in Wieser’ keys based on the length of the cephalic setae related to head diameter. Several species were added to this genus in the middle of last century and
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FDEBFA8C54A82713" author="Gerlach, S. A. &amp; Riemann, F." box="[603,914,1348,1374]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="1 - 734" refId="ref22165" refString="Gerlach, S. A. &amp; Riemann, F. (1974) The Bremerhaven Checklist of Aquatic Nematodes: A catalog of Nematoda Adenophorea excluding the Dorylaimida. Veroffentlichungen des Instituts fur Meeresforschung in Bremerhaven, 1 - 2 (Supplement 4), 1 - 734." type="journal article" year="1974">Gerlach &amp; Riemann (1974)</bibRefCitation>
provided a species list of 16 species, in some cases the species epithet was readequated to comply with the rules of Latin grammar. Posteriorly,
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FB59FAA152A627CF" author="Keppner, E. J." box="[1257,1436,1384,1411]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="183 - 191" refId="ref23201" refString="Keppner, E. J. (1988) Thoonchus longisetosus and Oxyonchus striatus, new species of free-living marine nematodes (Nematoda: Enoplida) from Northwest Florida, USA. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 101 (1), 183 - 191. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3226410" type="journal article" year="1988">Keppner (1988)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FEBBFA4455AF27EB" authority="Keppner, 1988" authorityName="Keppner" authorityYear="1988" box="[267,661,1420,1447]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Oxyonchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="striatus">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FEBBFA4456DF27EB" box="[267,485,1420,1446]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Oxyonchus striatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FE5DFA4555AF27EB" author="Keppner, E. J." box="[493,661,1420,1447]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="183 - 191" refId="ref23201" refString="Keppner, E. J. (1988) Thoonchus longisetosus and Oxyonchus striatus, new species of free-living marine nematodes (Nematoda: Enoplida) from Northwest Florida, USA. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 101 (1), 183 - 191. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3226410" type="journal article" year="1988">Keppner, 1988</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and considered
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FCE1FA44522927EA" authority="Allgen, 1959" authorityName="Allgen" authorityYear="1959" box="[849,1299,1420,1447]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Oxyonchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="brachysetosus">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FCE1FA44534F27EB" box="[849,1141,1420,1446]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Oxyonchus brachysetosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FBCCFA44522927EA" author="Allgen, C. A." box="[1148,1299,1420,1447]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" refId="ref19948" refString="Allgen, C. A. (1959) Freeliving marine nematodes. Further zoological results of the Swedish Antarctic expedition, 1901 - 1903 under the direction of Dr. Otto Nordenskjold. Vol. 2. P. A. Norstedt &amp; S ˆ ner, Stockholm, 293 pp." type="book" year="1959">Allgén, 1959</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FA90FA44569C2786" authority="Allgen, 1959" authorityName="Allgen" authorityYear="1959" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Oxyonchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="crassicolis">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FA90FA4456352787" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Oxyonchus crassicolis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FEA2FA78569C2786" author="Allgen, C. A." box="[274,422,1456,1483]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" refId="ref19948" refString="Allgen, C. A. (1959) Freeliving marine nematodes. Further zoological results of the Swedish Antarctic expedition, 1901 - 1903 under the direction of Dr. Otto Nordenskjold. Vol. 2. P. A. Norstedt &amp; S ˆ ner, Stockholm, 293 pp." type="book" year="1959">Allgén, 1959</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FE1FFA78540D2786" authority="Allgen, 1959" authorityName="Allgen" authorityYear="1959" box="[431,823,1456,1483]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Oxyonchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="macrodon">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FE1FFA78559B2787" box="[431,673,1456,1482]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Oxyonchus macrodon</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FD14FA78540D2786" author="Allgen, C. A." box="[676,823,1456,1483]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" refId="ref19948" refString="Allgen, C. A. (1959) Freeliving marine nematodes. Further zoological results of the Swedish Antarctic expedition, 1901 - 1903 under the direction of Dr. Otto Nordenskjold. Vol. 2. P. A. Norstedt &amp; S ˆ ner, Stockholm, 293 pp." type="book" year="1959">Allgén, 1959</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FCF0FA7853D32786" authority="Allgen, 1959" authorityName="Allgen" authorityYear="1959" box="[832,1257,1456,1483]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Oxyonchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="notodentatus">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FCF0FA7853692787" box="[832,1107,1456,1482]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Oxyonchus notodentatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FBE6FA7853D32786" author="Allgen, C. A." box="[1110,1257,1456,1483]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" refId="ref19948" refString="Allgen, C. A. (1959) Freeliving marine nematodes. Further zoological results of the Swedish Antarctic expedition, 1901 - 1903 under the direction of Dr. Otto Nordenskjold. Vol. 2. P. A. Norstedt &amp; S ˆ ner, Stockholm, 293 pp." type="book" year="1959">Allgén, 1959</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FA90FA78569427A2" authority="Allgen, 1959" authorityName="Allgen" authorityYear="1959" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Oxyonchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="parastateni">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FA90FA78562D27A3" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Oxyonchus parastateni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FEADFA1C569427A2" author="Allgen, C. A." box="[285,430,1492,1519]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" refId="ref19948" refString="Allgen, C. A. (1959) Freeliving marine nematodes. Further zoological results of the Swedish Antarctic expedition, 1901 - 1903 under the direction of Dr. Otto Nordenskjold. Vol. 2. P. A. Norstedt &amp; S ˆ ner, Stockholm, 293 pp." type="book" year="1959">Allgén, 1959</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
as doubtful species because their description and illustrations were insufficiently adequate to distinguish these species from species previously described. Then, a key for 12 valid species was proposed based on cuticle ornamentation, spicules length and presence of apophysis in the gubernaculum (
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FB53F9D452AA247B" author="Keppner, E. J." box="[1251,1424,1564,1590]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="183 - 191" refId="ref23201" refString="Keppner, E. J. (1988) Thoonchus longisetosus and Oxyonchus striatus, new species of free-living marine nematodes (Nematoda: Enoplida) from Northwest Florida, USA. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 101 (1), 183 - 191. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3226410" type="journal article" year="1988">Keppner, 1988</bibRefCitation>
). Later,
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FF50F98856AD2417" author="Nicholas, W. L." box="[224,407,1600,1626]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="47 - 64" refId="ref23970" refString="Nicholas, W. L. (2004) Oxyonchus longisetosus n. sp. Oxyonchus evelynae n. sp. and Oxyonchus culcitatus Wieser, 1959 (Thoracostomopsidae: Enoplida: Nematoda) from Australian ocean beaches, together with observations on the variability of taxonomic characters and a key to species of the genus Oxyonchus. Hydrobiologia, 511, 47 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.1023 / B: HYDR. 0000014026.85213. d 0" type="journal article" year="2004">Nicholas (2004)</bibRefCitation>
updated the key given by
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FD76F98954432417" author="Keppner, E. J." box="[710,889,1600,1627]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="183 - 191" refId="ref23201" refString="Keppner, E. J. (1988) Thoonchus longisetosus and Oxyonchus striatus, new species of free-living marine nematodes (Nematoda: Enoplida) from Northwest Florida, USA. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 101 (1), 183 - 191. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3226410" type="journal article" year="1988">Keppner (1988)</bibRefCitation>
including his new species (
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FB06F988567E2433" authority="Nicholas, 2004" authorityName="Nicholas" authorityYear="2004" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Oxyonchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="evelynae">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FB06F98852A62417" box="[1206,1436,1600,1626]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Oxyonchus evelynae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FF27F9AC567E2433" author="Nicholas, W. L." box="[151,324,1636,1662]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="47 - 64" refId="ref23970" refString="Nicholas, W. L. (2004) Oxyonchus longisetosus n. sp. Oxyonchus evelynae n. sp. and Oxyonchus culcitatus Wieser, 1959 (Thoracostomopsidae: Enoplida: Nematoda) from Australian ocean beaches, together with observations on the variability of taxonomic characters and a key to species of the genus Oxyonchus. Hydrobiologia, 511, 47 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.1023 / B: HYDR. 0000014026.85213. d 0" type="journal article" year="2004">Nicholas, 2004</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FE31F9AC54712433" authority="Nicholas, 2004" authorityName="Nicholas" authorityYear="2004" box="[385,843,1636,1662]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Oxyonchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="longisetosus">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FE31F9AC55A82433" box="[385,658,1636,1662]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Oxyonchus longisetosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FD2CF9AC54712433" author="Nicholas, W. L." box="[668,843,1636,1662]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="47 - 64" refId="ref23970" refString="Nicholas, W. L. (2004) Oxyonchus longisetosus n. sp. Oxyonchus evelynae n. sp. and Oxyonchus culcitatus Wieser, 1959 (Thoracostomopsidae: Enoplida: Nematoda) from Australian ocean beaches, together with observations on the variability of taxonomic characters and a key to species of the genus Oxyonchus. Hydrobiologia, 511, 47 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.1023 / B: HYDR. 0000014026.85213. d 0" type="journal article" year="2004">Nicholas, 2004</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) and agreed with the doubtful species presented in
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FF27F941566A24EF" author="Keppner, E. J." box="[151,336,1672,1699]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="183 - 191" refId="ref23201" refString="Keppner, E. J. (1988) Thoonchus longisetosus and Oxyonchus striatus, new species of free-living marine nematodes (Nematoda: Enoplida) from Northwest Florida, USA. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 101 (1), 183 - 191. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3226410" type="journal article" year="1988">Keppner (1988)</bibRefCitation>
. Recently, three new species were described by
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FCCDF940534D24EF" author="Fadeeva, N. P. &amp; Mordukhovich, V. V. &amp; Zograf, J. K." box="[893,1143,1672,1698]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="947 - 957" refId="ref21211" refString="Fadeeva, N. P., Mordukhovich, V. V. &amp; Zograf, J. K. (2012) New species of the genus Oxyonchus (Enoplida: Thoracostomopsidae) from the Far Eastern Seas. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 92 (5), 947 - 957. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315411001937" type="journal article" year="2012">
Fadeeva
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FC54F941532524EF" box="[996,1055,1672,1698]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">et al.</emphasis>
(2012)
</bibRefCitation>
:
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FB34F940522A24EF" authorityName="Fadeeva, Mordukhovich &amp; Zograf" authorityYear="2012" box="[1156,1296,1672,1698]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Oxyonchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="nicholasi">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FB34F940522A24EF" box="[1156,1296,1672,1698]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">O. nicholasi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FA90F94055FC248B" authority="Fadeeva, Mordukhovic &amp; Zograf, 2012" authorityName="Fadeeva, Mordukhovich &amp; Zograf" authorityYear="2012" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Oxyonchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FA90F9405638248B" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Oxyonchus orientalis</emphasis>
Fadeeva, Mordukhovic &amp; Zograf, 2012
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FD4DF96457E924A7" authority="Fadeeva, Mordukhovic &amp; Zograf, 2012" authorityName="Fadeeva, Mordukhovich &amp; Zograf" authorityYear="2012" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Oxyonchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="sakhalinensis">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FD4DF9645322248B" box="[765,1048,1708,1734]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Oxyonchus sakhalinensis</emphasis>
Fadeeva, Mordukhovic &amp; Zograf, 2012
</taxonomicName>
. Here, we consider
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A02521FFE7FE1CF918552324A7" authorityName="Filipjev" authorityYear="1918" box="[428,537,1744,1770]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Enoplolaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="dubius">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FE1CF918552324A7" box="[428,537,1744,1770]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">O. dubius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FD8CF919543724A7" box="[572,781,1744,1770]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">species inquirenda</emphasis>
because its original description is based on a single female and we do not find any male redescription although it was included in the keys provided by
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FB08F93D52512543" author="Keppner, E. J." box="[1208,1387,1780,1807]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="183 - 191" refId="ref23201" refString="Keppner, E. J. (1988) Thoonchus longisetosus and Oxyonchus striatus, new species of free-living marine nematodes (Nematoda: Enoplida) from Northwest Florida, USA. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 101 (1), 183 - 191. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3226410" type="journal article" year="1988">Keppner (1988)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FF27F8D0566A257F" author="Nicholas, W. L." box="[151,336,1816,1842]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="47 - 64" refId="ref23970" refString="Nicholas, W. L. (2004) Oxyonchus longisetosus n. sp. Oxyonchus evelynae n. sp. and Oxyonchus culcitatus Wieser, 1959 (Thoracostomopsidae: Enoplida: Nematoda) from Australian ocean beaches, together with observations on the variability of taxonomic characters and a key to species of the genus Oxyonchus. Hydrobiologia, 511, 47 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.1023 / B: HYDR. 0000014026.85213. d 0" type="journal article" year="2004">Nicholas (2004)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2ACABDA82521FFE7FF77F8F4531925AB" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="626FEE232521FFE7FF77F8F4531925AB" blockId="19.[151,1437,736,2023]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FF77F8F45600251B" bold="true" box="[199,314,1852,1878]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">Diagnosis</emphasis>
from
<bibRefCitation id="064193D22521FFE7FE34F8F45566251B" author="Smol, N. &amp; Muthumbi, A. &amp; Sharma, J." box="[388,604,1852,1878]" pageId="19" pageNumber="482" pagination="193 - 249" refId="ref25057" refString="Smol, N., Muthumbi, A. &amp; Sharma, J. (2014) Order Enoplida Filipjev, 1929 In: Gastrotricha, Cycloneuralia and Gnathifera; Nematoda. Handbook of Zoology. De Gruyter, Berlin, pp. 193 - 249. https: // doi. org / 10.1515 / 9783110274257.193" type="book chapter" year="2014">
Smol
<emphasis id="50A432312521FFE7FE79F8F5553E251B" box="[457,516,1852,1878]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="482">et al.</emphasis>
(2014)
</bibRefCitation>
: Lips high or low. Cuticle smooth or striated. Cephalic organ present or absent. Mandibles well-developed, arch-shaped, rods connected by broad transverse bar with claws, denticles can be present at the inner surface of the mandibular plate. Teeth unequal; two large ventrosublateral teeth that extend to the anterior end of the mandibles. Dorsal tooth small. Spicules short (one to two cloacal body diameters). Precloacal supplement present or absent. Gubernaculum with or without apophysis. Marine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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