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<mods:title id="8398902118C3FD25BF1FCB54F2518C45">Taxonomic notes on the genus Orthobrachia Warren, with description of a new species from China and Thailand (Lepidoptera, Geometridae)</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="377D134E836BF3C9571680B7B78276CB" pageId="4" pageNumber="125">Taxon classification Animalia Lepidoptera Geometridae</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="37F7992CD98AAEEEA78E6C8CC4E60014" pageId="4" pageNumber="125">
<taxonomicName id="459D0C36FE86023BDDFB6D49560F5E39" ID-CoL="97S2N" authority="Hampson, 1898" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1898" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Orthobrachia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthobrachia flavidior" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavidior">Orthobrachia flavidior (Hampson, 1898)</taxonomicName>
Figures 2
<normalizedToken id="6C38904146A294021A9812D01E122727" originalValue="C–F">C-F</normalizedToken>
, 4B, 5B
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A2D01EA11E82324DC3D540C9D70112C4" pageId="5" pageNumber="126" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="00A93463A977A904600D53053D90C4FD" pageId="5" pageNumber="126">
<taxonomicName id="2152B4A13C88C2C71D434429F2D4B391" aberration="flavidior" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Orthobrachia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="ab." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthobrachia latifasciata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="aberration" species="latifasciata">
<pageBreakToken id="51D819900D3C8D3779F6EA3985EE8BAD" pageId="5" pageNumber="126" start="start">Orthobrachia</pageBreakToken>
latifasciata ab. flavidior
</taxonomicName>
Warren, 1896, Novit. zool. 3: 128. Unavailable, infrasubspecific.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F02D0FACA6A6F0FC95707AF1880B7176" pageId="5" pageNumber="126">
<taxonomicName id="7F3984FE581D46F6B221661915D8F963" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stegania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegania latifasciata var. flavidior" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="latifasciata" variety="flavidior">Stegania latifasciata var. flavidior</taxonomicName>
Hampson, 1898, J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 11: 714. Type locality: Khasi Hills, India.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F85797992C4FC1CA47E6FC145B91A11" pageId="5" pageNumber="126">
<taxonomicName id="88C7A0660090789DFF4C5C632002251E" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lomographa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lomographa latifasciata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subspecies" species="latifasciata" subspecies="flavidior">Lomographa latifasciata flavidior</taxonomicName>
Warren [sic]:
<bibRefCitation id="43DD563C139D8CF7FF2ECFE1A7A49D03" author="Wehrli, E" journalOrPublisher="Stuttgart, Germany" pageId="14" pageNumber="135" title="In Seitz, Macrolepidoptera of the World 4. Suppl. 4. Palearctic Geometridae: 254 - 766." year="1939 - 1954">Wehrli 1939</bibRefCitation>
: 296. Incorrect authorship.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1CEDABE8251821175001719BF407C143" pageId="5" pageNumber="126">
<taxonomicName id="4912508DBE8A1D62E98E5F60F0BF3E55" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Orthobrachia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthobrachia flavidior" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavidior">Orthobrachia flavidior</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation id="D61A2E93C2FEC4083BC8E4B272B829C2" author="Yazaki, K" editor="Haruta, T" journalOrPublisher="Tinea" pageId="14" pageNumber="135" pagination="5 - 46" title="Geometridae from Nepal." volume="13" volumeTitle="Moths of Nepal (Part 1)." year="1992">Yazaki 1992</bibRefCitation>
: 22.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6A03FE97D7B1EBBA5C13748AD918A0BB" pageId="5" pageNumber="126" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="26B63349A255492E0724A7BFD97C6D51" pageId="5" pageNumber="126">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A766A6338AEF739F21334A86728E841" pageId="5" pageNumber="126">
This species is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="6BF8673D04F9A9AD7019CBFB7AB3209E" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Orthobrachia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthobrachia latifasciata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latifasciata">Orthobrachia latifasciata</taxonomicName>
, but is generally smaller and can be distinguished by external features and characters of the genitalia: the postmedial line of forewing is almost straight or just slightly curved inward from costa to tornus, the clear white medial bands of hind wing are narrowly bordered dark grey outside, but a large, dark apical patch is absent; the uncus is broader and a little shorter than in
<taxonomicName id="8D55D0A393DC1E7E207FD3E213AC170B" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Geometroidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Geometroidea latifasciata" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latifasciata">latifasciata</taxonomicName>
; the valva is shorter and broader and has a large, roundish, sclerotized lobe at base of the costa and lacks a median, hook-like costal process found in
<taxonomicName id="95187329EC95F1384A8894CB4F0B602F" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Geometroidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Geometroidea latifasciata" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latifasciata">latifasciata</taxonomicName>
. The basal saccular process is much larger and longer and arises more distally. A second saccular lobe is missing. The aedeagus is rather stout, with a round apex, which is bluntly pointed in
<taxonomicName id="D286699C459C63741A9CA569C7B4E43A" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Geometroidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Geometroidea latifasciata" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latifasciata">latifasciata</taxonomicName>
. The cornuti, consisting of a pair of stout spines situated on a diverticulum of the vesica, are somewhat longer than in
<taxonomicName id="FF94659DD3A528C3A3F9ACA786095810" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Geometroidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Geometroidea latifasciata" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latifasciata">latifasciata</taxonomicName>
. In the female genitalia, the antrum is well sclerotized, nearly quadrate, with two pairs of processes, longer at caudal and shorter at distal margin, while in
<taxonomicName id="68AA2EA19EEE9B2C61A40A476FCE95DC" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Geometroidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Geometroidea latifasciata" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latifasciata">latifasciata</taxonomicName>
it bears three longer distal spines.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="03443E6721FF6CBFBF46CF9A3D2D2EDC" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="127" pageId="5" pageNumber="126" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="54040C408C68D31F904BA6E9CD25D95C" pageId="5" pageNumber="126">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D987E6871718A24BB13F92E16B34E35" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="127" pageId="5" pageNumber="126">
INDIA: 1♀, Lectotype of
<taxonomicName id="5CAF0BA2735D1F61F7959C7D94C1C2FC" aberration="flavidior" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Orthobrachia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="ab." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthobrachia latifasciata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="aberration" species="latifasciata">Orthobrachia latifasciata ab. flavidior</taxonomicName>
Warren, designated by
<bibRefCitation id="500F30C73DA648EEEAF24D5489F6FD8D" author="Yazaki, K" editor="Haruta, T" journalOrPublisher="Tinea" pageId="14" pageNumber="135" pagination="5 - 46" title="Geometridae from Nepal." volume="13" volumeTitle="Moths of Nepal (Part 1)." year="1992">Yazaki (1992)</bibRefCitation>
, labeled &quot;Type/
<taxonomicName id="05F2A970CB9B09FEE4D821FB5234728B" aberration="flavidior" authority="Moore" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Orthobrachia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="ab." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthobrachia latifasciata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="aberration" species="latifasciata">Orthobrachia latifasciata Moore ab. flavidior</taxonomicName>
Warr. Type ♀/ Khasis Nat. Coll. /Rothschild Bequest B. M. 1939-1/
<taxonomicName id="4C21A31C9238BFE0D7773A9477C9F9A6" family="Geometridae" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="126" rank="family">Geometridae</taxonomicName>
genitalia slide No. 15658 ♀&quot;, BMNH; 1♀, Paralectotype of
<taxonomicName id="43C2FDC3A97A02A40FD2987FCC3E5280" aberration="flavidior" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Orthobrachia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="ab." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthobrachia latifasciata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="aberration" species="latifasciata">Orthobrachia latifasciata ab. flavidior</taxonomicName>
Warren, &quot;Khasis, May 1896, Nat. Coll.&quot;/ Collectio H. J. Elwes/ ZFMK, by exchange from BMNH, 1964; l♂, Khasia Hills, Assam, Nissary; Joicey Bequest. Brit. Mus. 1934-120/ ZFMK, by exchange from BMNH, 1964; l♂, India, W. Bengal, 2400 m, Darjeeling, Tigerhill, 10-12.VII.1986, leg. W. Thomas. ZFMK; 1♀, same locality &amp; collector, 29-31.VIII.1986, ZFMK. NEPAL: l♂, Go
<pageBreakToken id="5A36BE8BCB4FE09DFFFE3560BC01BC40" pageId="6" pageNumber="127" start="start">davari</pageBreakToken>
, 2.V.1990, preserved in BMNH; l♂, Mt. Phulchouki 21.VII.1990, BMNH. l♂, Pokhara, 2 km S Kharey, 1785 m, 21-25.II.2009, leg. T. Ihle &amp; S.
<normalizedToken id="15302AEC3E56AB5AEA7ADD7669EDF6A7" originalValue="Löffler">Loeffler</normalizedToken>
. ZFMK; l♂, Gandaki Kaski District, Naudanda, 1470 m, 12.X.1981, M. Owada leg., NSMT. CHINA: 1♀, Tieshanting,
<normalizedToken id="76FCB7BB098123AFD08DB507BF09E48A" originalValue="Mao’ershan">Mao'ershan</normalizedToken>
National Nature Reserve, 1950 m, 11.IX.2015, M. Wang leg., SCAU. l♂, West-Tien-Mu-Shan, 1600 m, Pz. Chekiang, 18.VII.1932, H.
<normalizedToken id="547915B2B4688FCE9F9B23B4C7D6944D" originalValue="Höne">Hoene</normalizedToken>
. &quot;/
<taxonomicName id="F15BD522786D94307CA9D47096A7D9C0" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lomographa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lomographa latifasciata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latifasciata">Lomographa latifasciata</taxonomicName>
[sic] Moore ♂, abgebildet Seitz IV. Suppl. Fig. 22g, ZFMK; 1♀, &quot;Chasseurs
<normalizedToken id="424E901F79A4DA666017F47561EF9EBD" originalValue="Indigènes">Indigenes</normalizedToken>
des Missionaires de Ta-tsien-Lou, 1906&quot;, ex coll. Ch.
<normalizedToken id="0252CDBE1EE90A83740D3270FA1DE9A9" originalValue="Oberthür">Oberthuer</normalizedToken>
. ZFMK. THAILAND: l♂, Changwat Chiang Mai, Doi Phahompok, 18km NW of Fang, 2100 m, 7.II.2000, leg. Hreblay &amp;
<normalizedToken id="7ADC2EFB2C38010219FD744467489F2C" originalValue="Szabó">Szabo</normalizedToken>
, ZFMK; VIETNAM: l♂, N. Vietnam, Mt. Fan-si-pan, 2250 m, 1-6.XI.1995, leg. V. Sinjaev &amp; E. Afonin; l♂1♀, N. Vietnam, Mt. Fan-si-pan, 1500-1800 m, 10.VI-6.VII.1994, leg. V. Sinjaev &amp; local collectors (ZFMK).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="56EEA5459917B3873113AE661484A249" pageId="6" pageNumber="127" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="FE667AC84878526626B4D6C829BE87B9" pageId="6" pageNumber="127">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="58AC6CB19D0B25922F952C341F16ECF0" pageId="6" pageNumber="127">The adults are flying from February to November.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7F97898BC477A369D6B0343C9FAE0FBF" pageId="6" pageNumber="127" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="A2BE31B761B609795738DC3658007119" pageId="6" pageNumber="127">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF842293C0C546B4A4FA8A0FCCFB3D08" pageId="6" pageNumber="127">N. India, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam and China.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="720ADF2A8D6F17638619371776C2D8E3" pageId="6" pageNumber="127" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="3FFDDF631E474BE8DF371DD65016B0CD" pageId="6" pageNumber="127">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE502EB7A4BC733392FBC3E34B609D73" pageId="6" pageNumber="127">
This species was firstly described by Warren (1896) as
<taxonomicName id="72D8636ED354620C960368C05E5A7B15" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Geometroidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Geometroidea latifasciata" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latifasciata">latifasciata</taxonomicName>
ab.
<taxonomicName id="7F1A4B1060F1839BE45832C2DF88770A" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Geometroidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Geometroidea flavidior" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavidior">flavidior</taxonomicName>
, which is nomenclaturally unavailable.
<bibRefCitation id="5F117B79111813988FEB2ED2724E3849" author="Hampson, GF" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="13" pageNumber="134" pagination="698 - 724" title="The moths of India: supplementary paper to the volumes in &quot; The Fauna of British India &quot;, Part III." volume="11" year="1898">Hampson (1898)</bibRefCitation>
raised the name to a species-group rank, stating, &quot;The Khasi form has the dark markings of forewing reduced, and the white band of hindwing broader.&quot; - The &quot;
<taxonomicName id="4566BFE2B0E852BCB6C0DB65DEA1BBE3" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Geometroidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Geometroidea latifasciata" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latifasciata">latifasciata</taxonomicName>
&quot;-male from Zhejiang figured in Seitz 4, Suppl. on plate 22, line g, is misidentified and in fact a male of
<taxonomicName id="D70C503C16D6997C5661E10DD7AAC645" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Geometroidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Geometroidea flavidior" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavidior">flavidior</taxonomicName>
. It is preserved in coll. ZFMK and could be checked by D.S.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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