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<document id="01FD8037ABA2C86A81F0BF8CF59D80CA" ID-CLB-Dataset="27572" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4554.2.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0a20dc7b-5322-4d72-9536-6a80d2d56b22" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2623713" ID-ZooBank="9C8F643F-7A2A-47D2-AEBF-A384BAB26B6B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1554271363536" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Liu, Xiaoyan, Yang, Ding &amp; Nartshuk, Emilia P." docDate="2019" docId="6201AD78FFA2FFDF769335EEFBDEE2D9" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4554.2.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4554 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Dicraeus liupanshanensis Liu &amp; Yang &amp; Nartshuk 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="361" masterDocId="9E38D500FFABFFD57604343FFFE0E221" masterDocTitle="New species and records of Dicraeus Loew, 1873 from China (Diptera: Chloropidae)" masterLastPageNumber="370" masterPageNumber="351" pageNumber="360" updateTime="1698716280634" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="9CBE7288A268EFF393F48F61A68590BB">New species and records of Dicraeus Loew, 1873 from China (Diptera: Chloropidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1E76053655DC1B6B5813EAF2AB11F717">Liu, Xiaoyan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9DD94BEBAC785F9F7746810A6028F45E">Yang, Ding</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AFAC745102C7B25307E39C6A064F6BB2">Nartshuk, Emilia P.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="6201AD78FFA2FFDF769335EEFBDEE2D9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5942665" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154532339" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5942665" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6201AD78FFA2FFDF769335EEFBDEE2D9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6201AD78FFA2FFDF769335EEFBDEE2D9" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="361" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
<subSubSection id="A2B24FE5FFA2FFDC769335EEFDD5E3CA" box="[151,565,465,491]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="EA171C6EFFA2FFDC769335EEFDD5E3CA" blockId="9.[151,565,465,525]" box="[151,565,465,491]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
<heading id="B15FAB02FFA2FFDC769335EEFDD5E3CA" bold="true" box="[151,565,465,491]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" reason="1">
<emphasis id="D8DCC07CFFA2FFDC769335EEFDD5E3CA" bold="true" box="[151,565,465,491]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
<taxonomicName id="2DA867EDFFA2FFDC769335EEFE30E3CA" ID-CoL="9HS9M" authority="Liu &amp; Yang &amp; Nartshuk, 2019" authorityName="Liu &amp; Yang &amp; Nartshuk" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,464,465,491]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Dicraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liupanshanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D8DCC07CFFA2FFDC769335EEFE30E3CA" bold="true" box="[151,464,465,491]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Dicraeus liupanshanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C3EF7D07FFA2FFDC77D335EEFDD5E3CA" box="[471,565,465,491]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A2B24FE5FFA2FFDC769335CBFED0E02D" box="[151,304,500,525]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" type="description">
<paragraph id="EA171C6EFFA2FFDC769335CBFED0E02D" blockId="9.[151,565,465,525]" box="[151,304,500,525]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
<figureCitation id="729300EBFFA2FFDC769335CBFF3EE02D" box="[151,222,500,525]" captionStart="FIGURES 15" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1268,1290]" captionTargetBox="[230,1360,680,1228]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[226,1360,665,1244]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 15. Dicraeus species, habitus. 1 D. crassispinus sp. nov.; 2 D. curvus sp. nov.; 3 D. dentatus sp. nov.; 4 D. liupanshanensis sp. nov.; 5 D. minutidentatus sp. nov. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2623715/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Figs 4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="729300EBFFA2FFDC76EE35CBFED0E02D" box="[234,304,500,524]" captionStart="FIGURES 2427" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[187,1399,550,1903]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[171,1428,513,1939]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 2427. Dicraeus liupanshanensis sp. nov. male. 24 epandrium, posterior view; 25 epandrium, lateral view; 26 hypandrium and phallic complex, ventral view; 27 hypandrium and phallic complex, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2623727/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">2427</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A2B24FE5FFA2FFDC76933603FD4FE0C4" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EA171C6EFFA2FFDC76933603FD4FE0C4" blockId="9.[151,1437,572,2037]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
<emphasis id="D8DCC07CFFA2FFDC76933603FEF1E074" bold="true" box="[151,273,572,597]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Gena about 0.8 times as wide as first flagellomere. Ocellar triangle reaching anterior margin of frons. Scutum yellow with 5 longitudinal stripes. Scutellum yellow. Legs largely yellow, but hind femur and tibia brown with both ends yellow; fore and mid tarsomeres 25 and hind tarsus (sometimes tarsomeres 25) brown. Epandrium bearing with apical and subapical processes on ventral margin. Surstylus broad distally, some thickened setae on inner side of lateral and distal portions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A2B24FE5FFA2FFDC76C336D0FE7EE4D9" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" type="description">
<paragraph id="EA171C6EFFA2FFDC76C336D0FC3FE126" blockId="9.[151,1437,572,2037]" box="[199,991,751,776]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
<emphasis id="D8DCC07CFFA2FFDC76C336D0FEB9E129" bold="true" box="[199,345,751,776]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Description.</emphasis>
Male (
<figureCitation id="729300EBFFA2FFDC77AC36D0FE0DE129" box="[424,493,751,776]" captionStart="FIGURES 15" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1268,1290]" captionTargetBox="[230,1360,680,1228]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[226,1360,665,1244]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 15. Dicraeus species, habitus. 1 D. crassispinus sp. nov.; 2 D. curvus sp. nov.; 3 D. dentatus sp. nov.; 4 D. liupanshanensis sp. nov.; 5 D. minutidentatus sp. nov. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2623715/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Body length
<quantity id="2D50B18BFFA2FFDC749636D0FD0AE126" box="[658,746,751,776]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
, wing length
<quantity id="2D50B18BFFA2FFDC758636CFFC3BE126" box="[898,987,752,776]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="2.8">2.8 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EA171C6EFFA2FFDC76C3372BFBB6E609" blockId="9.[151,1437,572,2037]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Head yellow, as wide as thorax, 0.9 times as long as high in lateral view, face somewhat concave in lateral view, facial carina narrow; frons brown with anterior 1/2 yellow, as long as wide, projecting slightly in front of eye; gena broad, about 0.8 times as wide as first flagellomere, with few brown setulae on ventral margin; parafacial indistinct; clypeus light yellow; vibrissal angle obtuse. Ocellar triangle yellowish brown with distal 1/2 yellow, smooth, shiny, reaching anterior margin of frons, with pointed apex; ocellar tubercle black. Occiput brown. Cephalic setae and setulae black. Antenna yellow with thick grey pruinescence except for dorsal margin of first flagellomere yellowish brown; first flagellomere 0.9 times as long as wide; arista brown with short brown pubescence. Proboscis yellow with yellow setulae; palpus yellow with brown setulae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EA171C6EFFA2FFDC76C3300BFB80E7F9" blockId="9.[151,1437,572,2037]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Scutum as long as wide, yellow with 5 longitudinal stripes, medial stripe brown, broad and extending to posterior 1/3 of scutum, inner lateral stripes reddish yellow with distal 1/3 brown, broad, outer lateral stripes reddish yellow, short and narrow. Postpronotal lobe yellow with a brown spot. Thoracic pleuron shiny yellow except for anteroventral portion of anepisternum, ventral 3/4 of katepisternum and ventral 1/2 meron reddish yellow. Scutellum yellow, 0.7 times as long as wide; apical scutellar seta as long as scutellum; subapical scutellar seta 0.5 times as long as scutellum. Postscutellum black. Setae and setulae on thorax black; notopleurals 1+2, anterior notopleural seta as long as posterior notopleural seta; anterior postalar seta as long as posterior postalar seta; 1 pair of dorsocentral setae developed, 2 times as long as anterior postalar setae. Legs yellow except for hind femur and tibia brown with both ends yellow, fore and mid tarsomeres 25, hind tarsus (sometimes tarsomeres 25) brown. Mid tibia with a short black subapical spur, which is shorter than diameter of tibia. Tibial organ long and narrow. Setulae on legs black. Wing 2.5 times as long as wide, hyaline; veins brown. Relative lengths of 2nd: 3rd: 4th costal sections = 8: 2: 1; r-m at basal 0.5 of discal medial cell. Halter pale yellow.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EA171C6EFFA2FFDC76C331DBFAA6E7DC" blockId="9.[151,1437,572,2037]" box="[199,1350,1508,1533]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Abdomen yellow except for tergites 25 with a longitudinal brown spot; venter yellow. Setulae brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EA171C6EFFA2FFDC76C33238FCA7E4F4" blockId="9.[151,1437,572,2037]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
Male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="729300EBFFA2FFDC777A3238FDECE401" box="[382,524,1543,1568]" captionStart="FIGURES 2427" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[187,1399,550,1903]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[171,1428,513,1939]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 2427. Dicraeus liupanshanensis sp. nov. male. 24 epandrium, posterior view; 25 epandrium, lateral view; 26 hypandrium and phallic complex, ventral view; 27 hypandrium and phallic complex, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2623727/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Figs. 2427</figureCitation>
): Epandrium brown with long brown setulae, height 1.5 times width in lateral view, with apical and subapical processes on ventral margin, apical process distinctly curved inward in dorsal view; surstylus slightly shorter than depth of epandrium, nearly parallel-sided in lateral view, broad distally, some thickened setae on inner side of lateral and distal portions. Pre- and postgonites short, postgonite round distally, with few sensilla; basiphallus longer than wide, cylindrical; phallapodeme sclerotized, long, with basal stalk broad in lateral view. Hypandrium closed, apically forming an arch.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EA171C6EFFA2FFDC76C332E0FE7EE4D9" blockId="9.[151,1437,572,2037]" box="[199,414,1759,1784]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Female. Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A2B24FE5FFA2FFDC76C3333BFCB0E544" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EA171C6EFFA2FFDC76C3333BFCB0E544" blockId="9.[151,1437,572,2037]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
<emphasis id="D8DCC07CFFA2FFDC76C3333BFDFFE53C" bold="true" box="[199,543,1796,1821]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
Type material.
<materialsCitation id="5AC01633FFA2FFDC7784333BFDFFE53C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2234214323" box="[384,543,1796,1821]" collectingDate="2007-07-16" collectionCode="CAU" country="China" location="Botanical" municipality="Liupanshan Mountain" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ningxia" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="3513A2CCFFA2FFDC7784333BFDFFE53C" box="[384,543,1796,1821]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="D8DCC07CFFA2FFDC742C333BFDDDE53D" box="[552,573,1796,1820]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">6</emphasis>
,
<collectingCountry id="92BF5CFEFFA2FFDC7448333BFD48E53D" box="[588,680,1796,1820]" name="China" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">CHINA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="286CD28CFFA2FFDC74B1333BFCF2E53C" box="[693,786,1796,1821]" country="China" name="Ningxia" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Ningxia</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="0A738614FFA2FFDC7524333BFBFCE53C" box="[800,1052,1796,1821]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Liupanshan Mountain</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="EF774AB5FFA2FFDC722D333BFB74E53C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6201AD78FFA2FFDF769335EEFBDEE2D9:EF774AB5FFA2FFDC722D333BFB74E53C" box="[1065,1172,1796,1821]" country="China" municipality="Liupanshan Mountain" name="Botanical" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" stateProvince="Ningxia">Botanical</location>
garden,
<date id="9E163AAEFFA2FFDC72FE333BFA78E53D" box="[1274,1432,1796,1821]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" value="2007-07-16">
<collectingDate id="8E52C346FFA2FFDC72FE333BFA78E53D" box="[1274,1432,1796,1821]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" value="2007-07-16">16. VII. 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
, Qibiao Dong Leg. (CAU) (photo and abdomen dissected).
<materialsCitation id="5AC01633FFA2FFDC752C3318FCACE544" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2234214328" collectingDate="2007-07-16" collectionCode="CAU" country="China" location="Botanical" municipality="Liupanshan Mountain" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ningxia" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="D8DCC07CFFA2FFDC752C3318FC2CE561" bold="true" box="[808,972,1831,1856]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
<typeStatus id="3513A2CCFFA2FFDC752C3318FC2CE561" box="[808,972,1831,1856]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" type="paratype">PARATYPES</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
2
<emphasis id="D8DCC07CFFA2FFDC75E33317FBF1E561" box="[999,1041,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">66</emphasis>
, same data as holotype (
<collectionCode id="8CB984ABFFA2FFDC73203317FA85E561" box="[1316,1381,1832,1856]" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33074" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33074" name="China Agricultural University" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">CAU</collectionCode>
). All type specimens dry mounted on label laterally on right thorax
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A2B24FE5FFA2FFDC76C33350FDC5E5A9" box="[199,549,1903,1928]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EA171C6EFFA2FFDC76C33350FDC5E5A9" blockId="9.[151,1437,572,2037]" box="[199,549,1903,1928]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
<emphasis id="D8DCC07CFFA2FFDC76C33350FE80E5A9" bold="true" box="[199,352,1903,1928]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="92BF5CFEFFA2FFDC77633350FE4AE5A9" box="[359,426,1903,1928]" name="China" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="286CD28CFFA2FFDC77BD3350FDFAE5A9" box="[441,538,1903,1928]" country="China" name="Ningxia" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Ningxia</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A2B24FE5FFA2FFDF76C333ABFA7CE2F5" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="361" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EA171C6EFFA2FFDF76C333ABFA7CE2F5" blockId="9.[151,1437,572,2037]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1436,151,248]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="361" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
<emphasis id="D8DCC07CFFA2FFDC76C333ABFEDBE58C" bold="true" box="[199,315,1940,1965]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Remarks.</emphasis>
The new species is somewhat similar to
<taxonomicName id="2DA867EDFFA2FFDC751633AAFB88E58D" authority="Ismay, 1984" authorityName="Ismay" authorityYear="1984" box="[786,1128,1940,1965]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Dicraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longisurstylus">
<emphasis id="D8DCC07CFFA2FFDC751633AAFC32E58D" box="[786,978,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">D. longisurstylus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8E39619FFFA2FFDC75DF33AAFB88E58D" author="Ismay, J. W." box="[987,1128,1940,1965]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" pagination="5 - 17" refId="ref12100" refString="Ismay, J. W. (1984) New species of Dicraeus (Diptera: Chloropidae) from New Guinea and New Ireland. Esakia, 21, 5 - 17." type="journal article" year="1984">Ismay, 1984</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, but can be separated from the latter by the following features: ocellar triangle reaching anterior margin of frons; first flagellomere round dorsodistally; scutum with 5 brown to reddish yellow stripes; epandrium with apical and subapical processes on ventral margin. In
<taxonomicName id="2DA867EDFFA1FFDF776F34A6FDCCE291" authorityName="Ismay" authorityYear="1984" box="[363,556,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Dicraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longisurstylus">
<emphasis id="D8DCC07CFFA1FFDF776F34A6FDCCE291" box="[363,556,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="361">D. longisurstylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the ocellar triangle reaches anterior 2/3 of frons; the first flagellomere has a dorsodistal angle; the scutum has 3 black stripes, fused basally; and the cercus is narrow and pointed (
<bibRefCitation id="8E39619FFFA1FFDF73033483FA70E2F5" author="Ismay, J. W." box="[1287,1424,188,212]" pageId="10" pageNumber="361" pagination="5 - 17" refId="ref12100" refString="Ismay, J. W. (1984) New species of Dicraeus (Diptera: Chloropidae) from New Guinea and New Ireland. Esakia, 21, 5 - 17." type="journal article" year="1984">Ismay 1984</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A2B24FE5FFA1FFDF76C334E0FBDEE2D9" box="[199,1086,223,248]" pageId="10" pageNumber="361" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="EA171C6EFFA1FFDF76C334E0FBDEE2D9" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,248]" box="[199,1086,223,248]" pageId="10" pageNumber="361">
<emphasis id="D8DCC07CFFA1FFDF76C334E0FEA6E2D9" bold="true" box="[199,326,223,248]" pageId="10" pageNumber="361">Etymology</emphasis>
. The species is named after the
<typeStatus id="3513A2CCFFA1FFDF74A934DFFD3DE2D9" box="[685,733,224,248]" pageId="10" pageNumber="361">type</typeStatus>
locality Liupanshan Mountain.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>