268 lines
31 KiB
XML
268 lines
31 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="5A75E7E5B3B6FE515061B7F2FFFB7519">Revision of the Oriental species of Polypedilum Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae) with their phylogenetic relationship</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="77E709A0C5CEFF21ECB9B1335364E984" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="E7FB8620DAE63CC56A8E2049D62E9AF9">Mukherjee, Tuhar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="49826AA1B5D294577A22AFE8BC45014A">Entomology Research Unit, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, India & tuharmukherjeeofficial @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9449 - 5985</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="18DA8D1A79D6683D8CAA638C5E86046F">Mukherjee, Bindarika</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6950EA7DB69E844CAE262FCB22BDA251">Entomology Research Unit, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, India & bindabdn @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9792 - 7931</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CC151583C45D174677218B8176717ECC" type="email">bindabdn@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="6DAAE0B961F68B4783998EE54702CD2D">Hazra, Niladri</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E914B5EE3502CE6E182A8C4C89C4B86E">Entomology Research Unit, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, India & hazra. niladri @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8149 - 9445</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7F272315F34E203A88E97C2768B64ADF" type="email">hazra.niladri@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<treatment id="487687C5FFC8FFBAFF05F9ECFE486A2B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4397267" ID-GBIF-Taxon="176570496" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4397267" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:487687C5FFC8FFBAFF05F9ECFE486A2B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/487687C5FFC8FFBAFF05F9ECFE486A2B" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">
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<taxonomicName id="07DF4D50FFC8FFBBFF05F9ECFB8A6F38" ID-CoL="9HXNH" authority="Zhang, Song, Qi and Wang, 2016" authorityName="Zhang, Song, Qi and Wang" authorityYear="2016" box="[151,1039,1587,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conghuaense" subGenus="Tripodura">
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<emphasis id="F2ABEAC1FFC8FFBBFF05F9ECFEAA6F38" bold="true" box="[151,303,1587,1614]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">Polypedilum</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="F2ABEAC1FFC8FFBBFED2F9ECFE3E6F38" bold="true" box="[320,443,1587,1614]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">Tripodura</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="F2ABEAC1FFC8FFBBFE5EF9ECFDE96F38" bold="true" box="[460,620,1587,1614]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">conghuaense</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="A44E4B22FFC8FFBBFDE1F9EBFB8A6F38" author="Zhang, R. L. & Song, C. & Qi, X. & Wang, X." box="[627,1039,1588,1614]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 53" refId="ref39419" refString="Zhang, R. L., Song, C., Qi, X. & Wang, X. (2016) Taxonomic review on the subgenus Tripodura Townes (Diptera: Chironomidae: Polypedilum) from China with eleven new species and a supplementary world checklist. Zootaxa, 4136 (1), 1 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4136.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Zhang, Song, Qi and Wang, 2016</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="88C56558FFC8FFBBFF05F9A7FC206FE7" box="[151,933,1656,1681]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C06036D3FFC8FFBBFF05F9A7FC206FE7" blockId="10.[151,933,1656,1681]" box="[151,933,1656,1681]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="E0CF11FDFFC8FFBBFF05F9A7FC206FE7" box="[151,933,1656,1681]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">
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<treatmentCitation id="417E10C2FFC8FFBBFF05F9A7FC276FE7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5634975" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5634975" author="Zhang, R. L. & Song, C. & Qi, X. & Wang, X." box="[151,930,1656,1681]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ED87CDA635FFDAFF3DFBECF8DE6EBF" page="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="41" year="2016">
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<taxonomicName id="07DF4D50FFC8FFBBFF05F9A7FC276FE7" ID-CoL="9HXNH" authority="Zhang, Song, Qi and Wang, 2016: 13" authorityName="Zhang, Song, Qi and Wang" authorityPageNumber="13" authorityYear="2016" box="[151,930,1656,1681]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conghuaense" subGenus="Tripodura">
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<emphasis id="F2ABEAC1FFC8FFBBFF05F9A7FE926FE6" box="[151,279,1656,1680]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">Polypedilum</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="F2ABEAC1FFC8FFBBFEB4F9A7FE086FE6" box="[294,397,1656,1680]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">Tripodura</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="F2ABEAC1FFC8FFBBFE0EF9A7FDA56FE6" box="[412,544,1656,1680]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">conghuaense</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="A44E4B22FFC8FFBBFDB4F9A7FC276FE7" author="Zhang, R. L. & Song, C. & Qi, X. & Wang, X." box="[550,930,1656,1681]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 53" refId="ref39419" refString="Zhang, R. L., Song, C., Qi, X. & Wang, X. (2016) Taxonomic review on the subgenus Tripodura Townes (Diptera: Chironomidae: Polypedilum) from China with eleven new species and a supplementary world checklist. Zootaxa, 4136 (1), 1 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4136.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Zhang, Song, Qi and Wang, 2016: 13</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="88C56558FFC8FFBAFF05F961FB2E68A7" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="10" pageNumber="41" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C06036D3FFC8FFBBFF05F961FCE16E33" blockId="10.[151,1436,1726,2042]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">
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<emphasis id="F2ABEAC1FFC8FFBBFF05F961FE0B6FAE" bold="true" box="[151,398,1726,1752]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">Materials examined:</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="1F648871FFC8FFBBFE07F960FE786FAF" box="[405,509,1727,1753]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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male labelled ‘ZRL01096
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<collectingCountry id="B8C87643FFC8FFBBFCBCF960FC0F6FAF" box="[814,906,1727,1753]" name="China" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">CHINA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="021BF831FFC8FFBBFC07F960FB006FAF" box="[917,1157,1727,1753]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">Guangdong Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="29014E5FFFC8FFBBFB03F960FACF6FAF" box="[1169,1354,1727,1753]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">Guangzhou City</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="2004ACA9FFC8FFBBFAC4F960FE986F8B" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">Cong-hua District</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="C5006008FFC8FFBBFEB4F93CFE2F6F8B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:487687C5FFC8FFBAFF05F9ECFE486A2B:C5006008FFC8FFBBFEB4F93CFE2F6F8B" box="[294,426,1763,1789]" country="China" county="Guangzhou City" municipality="Conghua District" name="River Liuxi" pageId="10" pageNumber="41" stateProvince="Guangdong">River Liuxi</location>
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,
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<date id="B4611013FFC8FFBBFE26F93CFDA36F8B" box="[436,550,1763,1789]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41" value="2014-10-26">
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<collectingDate id="A425E9FBFFC8FFBBFE26F93CFDA36F8B" box="[436,550,1763,1789]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41" value="2014-10-26">26.x.2014</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectingMethod id="199E4EC4FFC8FFBBFDA3F93CFD1C6F8B" box="[561,665,1763,1789]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">light trap</collectingMethod>
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,
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<location id="C5006008FFC8FFBBFD31F93CFCAF6F8B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:487687C5FFC8FFBAFF05F9ECFE486A2B:C5006008FFC8FFBBFD31F93CFCAF6F8B" box="[675,810,1763,1789]" country="China" county="Guangzhou City" municipality="Conghua District" name="Chao Song'" pageId="10" pageNumber="41" stateProvince="Guangdong">Chao Song’</location>
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;
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<specimenCount id="D6D9FD5AFFC8FFBBFCA7F93CFCFA6F8B" box="[821,895,1763,1789]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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with pupal exuvia [reared], labelled ‘India,
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<location id="C5006008FFC8FFBBFAF7F93CFF6C6E57" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:487687C5FFC8FFBAFF05F9ECFE486A2B:C5006008FFC8FFBBFAF7F93CFF6C6E57" country="China" county="Guangzhou City" municipality="Conghua District" name="West Bengal" pageId="10" pageNumber="41" stateProvince="Guangdong">West Bengal</location>
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, Bankura, Susunia Hills (23.67, 87.02),
|
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<date id="B4611013FFC8FFBBFD26F8D8FCA86E57" box="[692,813,1799,1825]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41" value="2018-04-28">
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<collectingDate id="A425E9FBFFC8FFBBFD26F8D8FCA86E57" box="[692,813,1799,1825]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41" value="2018-04-28">28.iv.2018</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectorName id="6D2A5305FFC8FFBBFCA8F8D8FB846E57" box="[826,1025,1799,1825]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">Coll. D. Mondal’</collectorName>
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;
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<specimenCount id="D6D9FD5AFFC8FFBBFB9CF8D9FBE36E57" box="[1038,1126,1798,1825]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41" type="male">5 males</specimenCount>
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labelled ‘
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<collectorName id="6D2A5305FFC8FFBBFB46F8D8FA906E57" box="[1236,1301,1799,1825]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">India</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName id="6D2A5305FFC8FFBBFAB0F8D8FA1D6E57" box="[1314,1432,1799,1825]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">Jharkhand</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName id="6D2A5305FFC8FFBBFF05F8F4FF696E33" box="[151,236,1835,1861]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">Dumka</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName id="6D2A5305FFC8FFBBFF6AF8F4FEF96E33" box="[248,380,1835,1861]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">Massanjore</collectorName>
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, (24.10, 87.29),
|
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<date id="B4611013FFC8FFBBFDA1F8F4FD306E33" box="[563,693,1835,1861]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41" value="2003-07-12">
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<collectingDate id="A425E9FBFFC8FFBBFDA1F8F4FD306E33" box="[563,693,1835,1861]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41" value="2003-07-12">12.vii.2003</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectorName id="6D2A5305FFC8FFBBFD53F8F4FCE56E33" box="[705,864,1835,1861]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">Coll. S. Nath’</collectorName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C06036D3FFC8FFBBFF55F890FEC96E1E" blockId="10.[151,1436,1726,2042]" box="[199,332,1870,1897]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">
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<emphasis id="F2ABEAC1FFC8FFBBFF55F890FEC96E1E" bold="true" box="[199,332,1870,1897]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">Pupa (n=1)</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C06036D3FFC8FFBBFF55F8ACFB0E6EFB" blockId="10.[151,1436,1726,2042]" box="[199,1163,1906,1933]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">Total length of pupal exuviae 2.00. Antennal sheath 2.50 long. Wing sheath 5.00 long.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C06036D3FFC8FFBBFF55F848FC6B6EC7" blockId="10.[151,1436,1726,2042]" box="[199,1006,1943,1969]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">Pupal exuviae pale yellow, hookrow and caudolateral spine dark brown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C06036D3FFC8FFBBFF55F864FBB46E8F" blockId="10.[151,1436,1726,2042]" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">
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<emphasis id="F2ABEAC1FFC8FFBBFF55F864FEEA6EA3" box="[199,367,1979,2005]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">Cephalothorax</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="58E42A56FFC8FFBBFEEFF864FE766EA0" box="[381,499,1979,2006]" captionStart="FIGURES 6" captionStartId="15.[152,270,1911,1935]" captionTargetBox="[351,1316,238,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-19@15.[151,1437,179,1891]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 6A–F. Adult (A) and pupa (B–F) of male Polypedilum (Tripodura) conghuaense Zhang, Song, Qi and Wang, 2016. A, Hypopygium of adult male; B, Frontal apotome; C, Basal ring; D, T I–VII; E, T VIII and anal lobe; F, Caudolateral spur. All to scale: 0.01 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4397269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4397269/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">Figure 6B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Frontal warts absent; cephalic tubercle cone shaped, 0.08 long, 0.06 broad at base, frontal setae absent. Basal ring (
|
||
<figureCitation id="58E42A56FFC8FFBBFE6CF800FDF76E8C" box="[510,626,2015,2042]" captionStart="FIGURES 6" captionStartId="15.[152,270,1911,1935]" captionTargetBox="[351,1316,238,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-19@15.[151,1437,179,1891]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 6A–F. Adult (A) and pupa (B–F) of male Polypedilum (Tripodura) conghuaense Zhang, Song, Qi and Wang, 2016. A, Hypopygium of adult male; B, Frontal apotome; C, Basal ring; D, T I–VII; E, T VIII and anal lobe; F, Caudolateral spur. All to scale: 0.01 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4397269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4397269/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="41">Figure 6C</figureCitation>
|
||
) elliptical, 39 long and 21–24, 22 wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C06036D3FFC9FFBAFF55FF48FCE968FF" blockId="11.[151,1443,151,861]" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="F2ABEAC1FFC9FFBAFF55FF48FEB469C7" box="[199,305,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="58E42A56FFC9FFBAFED3FF48FE3F69C4" box="[321,442,151,178]" captionStart="FIGURES 6" captionStartId="15.[152,270,1911,1935]" captionTargetBox="[351,1316,238,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-19@15.[151,1437,179,1891]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 6A–F. Adult (A) and pupa (B–F) of male Polypedilum (Tripodura) conghuaense Zhang, Song, Qi and Wang, 2016. A, Hypopygium of adult male; B, Frontal apotome; C, Basal ring; D, T I–VII; E, T VIII and anal lobe; F, Caudolateral spur. All to scale: 0.01 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4397269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4397269/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">Figure 6D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectionCode id="A6CEAE16FFC9FFBAFE5DFF48FE6569C7" box="[463,480,151,177]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">T</collectionCode>
|
||
I bare.
|
||
<collectionCode id="A6CEAE16FFC9FFBAFDABFF48FDCF69C7" box="[569,586,151,177]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">T</collectionCode>
|
||
II with uniform shagreen distribution and posterolateral, pedes spurii B.
|
||
<collectionCode id="A6CEAE16FFC9FFBAFA1EFF48FA1869C7" box="[1420,1437,151,177]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">T</collectionCode>
|
||
III moderately dense spinules anteriorly and dense row of spinules posteriorly.
|
||
<collectionCode id="A6CEAE16FFC9FFBAFB80FF64FBA669A3" box="[1042,1059,187,213]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">T</collectionCode>
|
||
IV–V with patches of spinules at middle. Hookrow with ca. 47 hooklets arranged in a single row covering nearly 85.7% of segment width.
|
||
<collectionCode id="A6CEAE16FFC9FFBAFAA2FF00FAC4698F" box="[1328,1345,223,249]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">T</collectionCode>
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||
<collectionCode id="A6CEAE16FFC9FFBAFAD4FF00FAE1698F" box="[1350,1380,223,249]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">VI</collectionCode>
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||
with 3 bands of anterior, middle and posterior spinules;
|
||
<collectionCode id="A6CEAE16FFC9FFBAFD5CFEDCFD5A686B" box="[718,735,259,285]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">T</collectionCode>
|
||
VIII bare;
|
||
<collectionCode id="A6CEAE16FFC9FFBAFCC8FEDCFCEE686B" box="[858,875,259,285]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">T</collectionCode>
|
||
V–VI with 3 L-setae;
|
||
<collectionCode id="A6CEAE16FFC9FFBAFBF7FEDCFBF3686B" box="[1125,1142,259,285]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">T</collectionCode>
|
||
VII–VIII with 4
|
||
<collectionCode id="A6CEAE16FFC9FFBAFAA7FEDCFAD3686B" box="[1333,1366,259,285]" country="United Kingdom" name="Linnean Society of London" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">LS</collectionCode>
|
||
setae;
|
||
<collectionCode id="A6CEAE16FFC9FFBAFF05FEF8FF3D6837" box="[151,184,295,321]" country="United Kingdom" name="Linnean Society of London" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">LS</collectionCode>
|
||
setae on
|
||
<collectionCode id="A6CEAE16FFC9FFBAFEB3FEF8FEB76837" box="[289,306,295,321]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">T</collectionCode>
|
||
V–VI arranged in a similar pattern: 2 anterior
|
||
<collectionCode id="A6CEAE16FFC9FFBAFCADFEF8FCE56837" box="[831,864,295,321]" country="United Kingdom" name="Linnean Society of London" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">LS</collectionCode>
|
||
in a group and 1 posterolateral
|
||
<collectionCode id="A6CEAE16FFC9FFBAFB57FEF8FB636837" box="[1221,1254,295,321]" country="United Kingdom" name="Linnean Society of London" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">LS</collectionCode>
|
||
seta; 3
|
||
<collectionCode id="A6CEAE16FFC9FFBAFAAEFEF8FAD86837" box="[1340,1373,295,321]" country="United Kingdom" name="Linnean Society of London" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">LS</collectionCode>
|
||
setae at 160, 580 and 833 of
|
||
<collectionCode id="A6CEAE16FFC9FFBAFE0FFE94FE2B6813" box="[413,430,331,357]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">T</collectionCode>
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||
<collectionCode id="A6CEAE16FFC9FFBAFE26FE94FE4F6813" box="[436,458,331,357]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="11" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
; 3 at 250, 430 and 630 of
|
||
<collectionCode id="A6CEAE16FFC9FFBAFD63FE94FC876813" box="[753,770,331,357]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">T</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="A6CEAE16FFC9FFBAFC9BFE94FCAF6813" box="[777,810,331,357]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">VI</collectionCode>
|
||
; 4 at 130, 330, 600 and 730 of
|
||
<collectionCode id="A6CEAE16FFC9FFBAFB1BFE94FB1F6813" box="[1161,1178,331,357]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">T</collectionCode>
|
||
VII; 4 at 80, 540, 750, and 940 of
|
||
<collectionCode id="A6CEAE16FFC9FFBAFE87FEB0FEA368FF" box="[277,294,367,393]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">T</collectionCode>
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||
VIII. Sternite IV with posterolateral pedes spurii A.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C06036D3FFC9FFBAFF55FE4CFB2E68A7" blockId="11.[151,1443,151,861]" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="F2ABEAC1FFC9FFBAFF55FE4CFEB168DB" box="[199,308,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">Anal lobe</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="58E42A56FFC9FFBAFED1FE4CFE3C68D8" box="[323,441,403,430]" captionStart="FIGURES 6" captionStartId="15.[152,270,1911,1935]" captionTargetBox="[351,1316,238,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-19@15.[151,1437,179,1891]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 6A–F. Adult (A) and pupa (B–F) of male Polypedilum (Tripodura) conghuaense Zhang, Song, Qi and Wang, 2016. A, Hypopygium of adult male; B, Frontal apotome; C, Basal ring; D, T I–VII; E, T VIII and anal lobe; F, Caudolateral spur. All to scale: 0.01 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4397269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4397269/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">Figure 6E</figureCitation>
|
||
). 150 long, 100 wide with 31 taeniae on each side. Caudolateral spur (
|
||
<figureCitation id="58E42A56FFC9FFBAFB46FE4CFAC068D8" box="[1236,1349,403,430]" captionStart="FIGURES 6" captionStartId="15.[152,270,1911,1935]" captionTargetBox="[351,1316,238,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-19@15.[151,1437,179,1891]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 6A–F. Adult (A) and pupa (B–F) of male Polypedilum (Tripodura) conghuaense Zhang, Song, Qi and Wang, 2016. A, Hypopygium of adult male; B, Frontal apotome; C, Basal ring; D, T I–VII; E, T VIII and anal lobe; F, Caudolateral spur. All to scale: 0.01 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4397269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4397269/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">Figure 6F</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 3 smaller teeth of 11, 6, and
|
||
<quantity id="07279B36FFC9FFBAFE53FE68FE6968A7" box="[449,492,439,465]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="11" pageNumber="42" unit="in" value="6.0">6 in</quantity>
|
||
length on
|
||
<collectionCode id="A6CEAE16FFC9FFBAFDF0FE68FDF668A7" box="[610,627,439,465]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">T</collectionCode>
|
||
VIII with a strong spine of 46 long and 13.6 wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="88C56558FFC9FFBAFF55FE04FF4F6BF0" pageId="11" pageNumber="42" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="C06036D3FFC9FFBAFF55FE04FF4F6BF0" blockId="11.[151,1443,151,861]" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="F2ABEAC1FFC9FFBAFF55FE04FEBE6883" bold="true" box="[199,315,475,501]" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The lengths of antenna, wing (0.6), gonocoxite (37) and gonostylus of the Indian specimens of the species are shorter compared to the described Chinese counterparts. The number of squamal setae is greater in the Indian specimens (7–9). The anal point illustration of the species by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A44E4B22FFC9FFBAFC09FDFCFBF16B48" author="Zhang, R. L. & Song, C. & Qi, X. & Wang, X." box="[923,1140,547,574]" pageId="11" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 53" refId="ref39419" refString="Zhang, R. L., Song, C., Qi, X. & Wang, X. (2016) Taxonomic review on the subgenus Tripodura Townes (Diptera: Chironomidae: Polypedilum) from China with eleven new species and a supplementary world checklist. Zootaxa, 4136 (1), 1 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4136.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Zhang
|
||
<emphasis id="F2ABEAC1FFC9FFBAFC78FDFCFB9E6B4B" box="[1002,1051,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2016)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is much longer than those in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="1F648871FFC9FFBAFF49FD98FEB86B17" box="[219,317,583,609]" pageId="11" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens. Upon examining the slides we found that the anal point is shorter and more blunt (
|
||
<figureCitation id="58E42A56FFC9FFBAFAC3FD98FF386BF0" captionStart="FIGURES 6" captionStartId="15.[152,270,1911,1935]" captionTargetBox="[351,1316,238,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-19@15.[151,1437,179,1891]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 6A–F. Adult (A) and pupa (B–F) of male Polypedilum (Tripodura) conghuaense Zhang, Song, Qi and Wang, 2016. A, Hypopygium of adult male; B, Frontal apotome; C, Basal ring; D, T I–VII; E, T VIII and anal lobe; F, Caudolateral spur. All to scale: 0.01 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4397269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4397269/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">Figure 6A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="88C56558FFC9FFBAFF55FD50FE486A2B" pageId="11" pageNumber="42" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C06036D3FFC9FFBAFF55FD50FE486A2B" blockId="11.[151,1443,151,861]" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="F2ABEAC1FFC9FFBAFF55FD50FEA36BDF" bold="true" box="[199,294,655,681]" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">Ecology</emphasis>
|
||
. The species herein is recorded in the Oriental
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B8C87643FFC9FFBAFCA0FD50FCF06BDF" box="[818,885,655,681]" name="China" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
and eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B8C87643FFC9FFBAFB92FD50FBB86BDF" box="[1024,1085,655,681]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The pupa was collected from a spring in the Susunia Hills studded with vegetation of broad and deciduous leaves (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A44E4B22FFC9FFBAFBADFD6CFA8F6BBB" author="Reddy, C. S. & Jha, C. S. & Diwakar, P. G. & Dadhwal, V. K." box="[1087,1290,690,717]" pageId="11" pageNumber="42" pagination="777" refId="ref37215" refString="Reddy, C. S., Jha, C. S., Diwakar, P. G. & Dadhwal, V. K. (2015) Nationwide classification of forest types of India using remote sensing and GIS. Environmental Monitoring Assessment, 187, 777. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10661 - 015 - 4990 - 8" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Reddy
|
||
<emphasis id="F2ABEAC1FFC9FFBAFB03FD6CFB4F6BBB" box="[1169,1226,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the soft water having a pH around
|
||
<quantity id="07279B36FFC9FFBAFE29FD08FE7F6B87" box="[443,506,727,753]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9812" pageId="11" pageNumber="42" unit="in" value="7.8">7.8 in</quantity>
|
||
Chhotanagpur Plateau region of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="021BF831FFC9FFBAFCF5FD08FC736B87" box="[871,1014,727,753]" country="India" name="West Bengal" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">West Bengal</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B8C87643FFC9FFBAFB92FD08FBB86B87" box="[1024,1085,727,753]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The vegetation is broad-leaved and deciduous (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A44E4B22FFC9FFBAFED4FD24FD966A63" author="Reddy, C. S. & Jha, C. S. & Diwakar, P. G. & Dadhwal, V. K." box="[326,531,762,789]" pageId="11" pageNumber="42" pagination="777" refId="ref37215" refString="Reddy, C. S., Jha, C. S., Diwakar, P. G. & Dadhwal, V. K. (2015) Nationwide classification of forest types of India using remote sensing and GIS. Environmental Monitoring Assessment, 187, 777. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10661 - 015 - 4990 - 8" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Reddy
|
||
<emphasis id="F2ABEAC1FFC9FFBAFE0AFD24FE556A63" box="[408,464,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The species has been found across the eastern fringes of Chhotanagpur Plateau. The pupa was also isolated from the rheobiontic zone of a fast flowing spring with decaying leaf of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="07DF4D50FFC9FFBAFB61FCC0FF666A2B" authority="Gaertn" authorityName="Gaertn" authorityYear="1805" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Dipterocarpaceae" genus="Shorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="11" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="F2ABEAC1FFC9FFBAFB61FCC0FA186A4F" box="[1267,1437,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="42">Shorea robusta</emphasis>
|
||
Gaertn
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
submerged in water.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |