176 lines
15 KiB
XML
176 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="297124" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7316519" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3f0f641c-cd4b-4694-8e47-c47be23ac2a9" ID-ISBN="0-8018-8221-4" checkinTime="1670905116760" checkinUser="guido" docAuthor="Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn" docDate="2005" docId="33C56BBC04781878FB1FDC8DFF0A77CA" docLanguage="en" docName="MammalSpeciesofTheWorld.2005.Carnivora.532-628.xml" docOrigin="Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press" docTitle="Ursus maritimus Phipps 1774" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="E69BF2968277AF6992A8FF32E9D4E7ED" lastPageNumber="589" masterDocId="E69BF2968277AF6992A8FF32E9D4E7ED" masterDocTitle="Order Carnivora" masterLastPageNumber="628" masterPageNumber="532" pageNumber="589" updateTime="1716792096583" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="E10008FD895DFF3E779D09C8596440C8">Order Carnivora</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9CCCE020F9C9D3C032C1989B7952550B">Wilson, Don E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="36000D343FFD54FC431241B24489943D">Reeder, DeeAnn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="CBE732A44756AF6EEFC2A9D7683FE7B8">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="E4F8D8FA710419134244662424C22007">2005</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="E7669F45690B94F744AC9CB415FAD6AE">The Johns Hopkins University Press</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="C48D3173E0CD6F9FFC30434D566EB032">Baltimore</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="7C31D779AFFAE826A79C5C2E92E6A6B8">
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<mods:title id="B16D6C9B873EBD03E3AFAA3CE10F2200">Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="BFC40100353D754F2B9D03B9DCF9C3DD">
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<mods:start id="497482E32C42170551B996337EE97717">532</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="139EE2B308E5E2090400D1F6BA969EDA">628</mods:end>
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<mods:identifier id="67DF4144EF0834A3BD0C47EA8A4DE682" type="ISBN">0-8018-8221-4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D3FFEF77C4C422E6BD6172C4ACA4E538" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.7316519</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="33C56BBC04781878FB1FDC8DFF0A77CA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11344996" ID-GBIF-Taxon="231548345" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11344996" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:33C56BBC04781878FB1FDC8DFF0A77CA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/33C56BBC04781878FB1FDC8DFF0A77CA" lastPageNumber="589" pageNumber="589" sourceUrl="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=14000987">
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<subSubSection id="324C172967D7C584345A81CA36663A68" pageNumber="589" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="46A0FEF3BA3F67588404FD19A95ACE6B" pageNumber="589">
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<taxonomicName id="BFE763584A9990C9D7F03271B237A4F7" ID-CoL="7F2J9" authority="Phipps 1774" authorityName="Phipps" authorityYear="1774" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="589" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maritimus">
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<emphasis id="2D17736EB193844EE2CE106904EBA47F" italics="true" pageNumber="589">Ursus maritimus</emphasis>
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Phipps 1774
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CB3876DFEEF057D23F17C001EB220410" pageNumber="589" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="7B5B876309C4C59FF1882E5D877A9877" pageNumber="589">
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<treatmentCitation id="31B459FA8F661432FB91316AF36D6BC4" author="Phipps" authority="Phipps 1774" authorityName="Phipps" authorityYear="1774" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" page="185" pageNumber="589" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maritimus" title="Ursus maritimus" volumeTitle="Voyage Towards North Pole" year="1774">
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<taxonomicName id="60E11D2BB9B1D3AE53FAF53CD6984BB1" ID-CoL="7F2J9" authority="Phipps 1774" authorityName="Phipps" authorityYear="1774" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="589" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maritimus">
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<emphasis id="8A5915E46F135798D55B6746F5A5518E" italics="true" pageNumber="589">Ursus maritimus</emphasis>
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Phipps 1774
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<bibCitation id="4B99A94782A0D1A94FED7D6AF259CD77" author="Phipps" pageNumber="589" pagination="185" title="Ursus maritimus" volumeTitle="Voyage Towards North Pole" year="1774">Voyage Towards North Pole: 185</bibCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CD69E5EB5707E6433C4385EE2A4E498E" pageNumber="589" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="17C58E18460DE636139514978F9283F0" pageNumber="589">
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<emphasis id="393ED9A1E19D786030EDFA1A31E70868" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="589">Type Locality:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="0AECC43E4139424CE5A8AD704EFD9F90" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4867350653" country="Norway" pageNumber="589">
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"on the main land of Spitsbergen" [
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<collectingCountry id="770FEDE2F2CF0689F2D4A16B9A187688" name="Norway">Norway</collectingCountry>
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].
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="475667BB656EB0C135F8D8696021BBA7" pageNumber="589" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="4D777AA7EDC0A212D597C0CD85F0C67D" pageNumber="589">
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<emphasis id="3922B767C7AA71271124669280BA84F9" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="589">Vernacular Names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="125FC2DEEF93056AACD9F6EFBAABFE39" language="eng" pageNumber="589">Polar Bear</vernacularName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B595250FD6D719256582A358C6F67538" pageNumber="589" type="synonym_list">
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<paragraph id="BE8609688450DD00ACFC02AC1F800D7C" pageNumber="589">
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<emphasis id="3081C7980EF27C946F9DE223D8CAA44D" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="589">Synonyms:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="648321764A5B499709AD8EFC02E158DA" authority="(Knottnerus-Meyer 1908)" baseAuthorityName="Knottnerus-Meyer" baseAuthorityYear="1908" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="589" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eogroenlandicus">
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<emphasis id="14A9FB10E7F09E976CB2CF5B269A42E3" italics="true" pageNumber="589">Ursus eogroenlandicus</emphasis>
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(Knottnerus-Meyer 1908)
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="6F701D793CA6F4F505703845BBD6C849" authority="(Birula 1932)" baseAuthorityName="Birula" baseAuthorityYear="1932" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="589" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="groenlandicus">
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<emphasis id="E9A935CF0FAD7E3A75E9726C00A5C2F4" italics="true" pageNumber="589">Ursus groenlandicus</emphasis>
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(Birula 1932)
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="0613F015EFD6732E15673979887FBBF2" authority="(Knottnerus-Mayer 1908)" baseAuthorityName="Knottnerus-Mayer" baseAuthorityYear="1908" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="589" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jenaensis">
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<emphasis id="EE91AD15303581A1D88B02821B187421" italics="true" pageNumber="589">Ursus jenaensis</emphasis>
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(Knottnerus-Mayer 1908)
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="5F666F0DE88956938BCCCAB9D2DBB942" authority="(Knottnerus-Meyer 1908)" baseAuthorityName="Knottnerus-Meyer" baseAuthorityYear="1908" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="589" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="labradorensis">
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<emphasis id="E24F8E0C23774CCB3445A2FD71B830E5" italics="true" pageNumber="589">Ursus labradorensis</emphasis>
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(Knottnerus-Meyer 1908)
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="9B89DA1AB3B52727BCB39739E080C62C" authority="Pallas 1776" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1776" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="589" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marinus">
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<emphasis id="F2D9D050B55810EBE86E5C93BC3EF99A" italics="true" pageNumber="589">Ursus marinus</emphasis>
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Pallas 1776
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="467592C3243C143112B1BF8158F7D573" authority="Shaw 1792" authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1792" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="589" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polaris">
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<emphasis id="0C1BE6DC552EA1539948E828E4519A51" italics="true" pageNumber="589">Ursus polaris</emphasis>
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Shaw 1792
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9827C8FBB68EE52AE35265D0CCE14804" pageNumber="589" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="FFACD475579EDAF6D65220592E1FB880" pageNumber="589">
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<emphasis id="A3C2084A0514DD1C0E2EB4DD28312C17" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="589">Distribution:</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="D4712D2949481356D61F2CF5B1252106" name="Canada">Canada</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="4C6B7759EBAACCBF3EED11B3394A312B" name="Greenland">Greenland</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="4F49C9A2EE291AAC7A87641940B5B583" name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
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(
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<collectingRegion id="119AEE535C06845024AEC2834BE10CAE" country="United States of America" name="Alaska">Alaska</collectingRegion>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="CD22DCA08D795F43D900869A3888B06C" name="Russia">Russia</collectingCountry>
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. Circumpolar in the Arctic, S limits determined by ice pack.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3E416885A9D92B762A952EC104A4E581" pageNumber="589" type="conservation">
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<paragraph id="7F3041C1E189827D6397E4DED016B10C" pageNumber="589">
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<emphasis id="1BE9A968174444D51FF5C9E99A9092E8" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="589">Conservation:</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="621C5FC04C6D7D50CCA09C6AD4B72036">CITES</collectionCode>
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– Appendix II;
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<collectionCode id="C3122B83FDA46473A9F980E09072388F">IUCN</collectionCode>
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– Lower Risk (cd).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CEF58165030FD715AB48F746B5063DF6" pageNumber="589" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="D80CB13082834AA7FE8D18F1D0CC05AD" pageNumber="589">
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<emphasis id="63AAD952FB9E5A08A9AEE827FBE9F6FA" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="589">Discussion:</emphasis>
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Revised by
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<bibRefCitation id="D0B2316A635854588B5B7661E0891250" author="Wilson, D. E." refId="ref390713" refString="Wilson, D. E. 1976. Cranial variation in polar bears. Pp. 447 - 453, in Bears- - their biology and management (M. R. Pelton, J. W. Lentfer, and G. E. Folk, eds.). International Union for the Conservation of Nature, n. s., 40: 1 - 467" year="1976">Wilson (1976)</bibRefCitation>
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. Reviewed by
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<bibRefCitation id="2CEC24E058D1FE3BBC8674C6D79B9EF6" author="DeMaster, D. P. & I. Stirling" refId="ref80345" refString="DeMaster, D. P., and I. Stirling. 1981. Ursus maritimus. Mammalian Species, 145: 1 - 7." year="1981">
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DeMaster and
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<collectingRegion id="479ABED81A13C3742ACA1923E41265B8" country="United Kingdom" name="Stirling">Stirling</collectingRegion>
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(1981)
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</bibRefCitation>
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. Placed in subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="B4766FEF276B4E7618C7FE42AB4BF60F" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1825" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Thalarctos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="E22E81E0B2E005E8510A11F013AEA525" italics="true" pageNumber="589">Thalarctos</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="7DDBEFF1BB937EAEBBB6242CA044FA60" author="Gromov, I. M. & G. I. Baranova" refId="ref130250" refString="Gromov, I. M., and G. I. Baranova (eds.). 1981. Katalog mlekopitayushchikh SSSR [Catalog of mammals of the USSR]. Nauka, Leningrad, 456 pp. (in Russian)." year="1981">Gromov and Baranova (1981)</bibRefCitation>
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||
.
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<taxonomicName id="D126C42F7E6923DD1E3FB20D182460BD" authorityName="Phipps" authorityYear="1774" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maritimus">
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<emphasis id="BE7BA785C008D7D0DE26BDC96CF30120" italics="true" pageNumber="589">U. maritimus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is considered the sister species to
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<taxonomicName id="572C18C10A33B74B3B49316FCBD67A27" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arctos">
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<emphasis id="147696119724EC5F770567FD1FCA42D8" italics="true" pageNumber="589">arctos</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
(
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<bibRefCitation id="F199C2DE896632A61FAAA308E545C231" author="Goldman, D. P. & R. Giri & S. J. O'Brien" refId="ref122531" refString="Goldman, D. P., R. Giri, and S. J. O'Brien. 1989. Molecular genetic-distance estimates among the Ursidae as indicated by one- and two-dimensional protein electrophoresis. Evolution, 43 (2): 282 - 295." year="1989">Goldman et al., 1989</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
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<bibRefCitation id="8EDE499247D3ECFFC460469DFAE2ECF9" author="Shields, G. F. & T. D. Kocher" refId="ref326273" refString="Shields, G. F., and T. D. Kocher. 1991. Phylogenetic relationships of North American ursids based on analysis of mitochrondrial DNA. Evolution, 45 (1): 218 - 221." year="1991">Shields and Kocher, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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||
). Synonyms allocated according to
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<bibRefCitation id="16E1F43E16BA4C534BCDEF337FBE9971" author="Ellerman, J. R. & T. C. S. Morrison-Scott" refId="ref93180" refString="Ellerman, J. R., and T. C. S. Morrison-Scott. 1951. Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian mammals 1758 to 1946. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, 810 pp." year="1951">Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951)</bibRefCitation>
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||
and
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||
<bibRefCitation id="4E70D77DDE59212C0C1F68DE6C57133B" author="Hall, E. R." refId="ref137310" refString="Hall, E. R. 1981. The mammals of North America. Second ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1: 1 - 600 + 90, 2: 601 - 1181 + 90." year="1981">Hall (1981)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |