treatments-xml/data/BC/3F/E2/BC3FE248FFC2CB1D0E2D37430E4CFDCF.xml

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<mods:title id="BBA12ADF15F61D1CD10690725CCCC5CF">The taxonomy and biogeography of Cuban Ophioninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)</mods:title>
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<heading id="6F61E432FFC2CB1C0E2D37430FC7FA9F" bold="true" box="[264,715,1284,1310]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" reason="1">
<emphasis id="06E28F4CFFC2CB1C0E2D37430FC7FA9F" bold="true" box="[264,715,1284,1310]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="06E28F4CFFC2CB1C0E2D37430C21FA9F" bold="true" box="[264,301,1284,1310]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">28.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F39628DDFFC2CB1C0E1137430F47FA9F" ID-CoL="6FCDK" authority="Gauld" authorityName="Gauld" authorityYear="1988" box="[308,587,1284,1310]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="howdenorum">
<emphasis id="06E28F4CFFC2CB1C0E1137430CF9FA9F" bold="true" box="[308,501,1284,1310]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">E. howdenorum</emphasis>
Gauld
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="ACAD4FDBFFC2CB1C0D7E37430FCEFA9F" box="[603,706,1284,1310]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="28.[264,357,1614,1635]" captionTargetBox="[350,1162,308,1536]" captionTargetId="figure-96@28.[356,1162,303,1058]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 10: Fore wings of Cuban Enicospilus. a: glabratus (Say), b: carlota Gauld, c: trilineatus (Brullé), d: teremari sp. nov. e: cressoni Hooker, f: neotropicus Hooker, g: guatemalensis (Cameron), h: cubensis (Norton), i: iangauldi sp. nov., j: gallegosi Gauld, k: fernaldi Hooker, l: flavus (Fabricius), m: woldai Gauld, n: sondrae Gauld, o: liesneri Gauld. p: grilloi sp. nov., q: wahli sp. nov., r: cheosi sp. nov., s: purgatus (Say), t: flavoscutellatus (Brullé), u: howdenorum Gauld, v: hansonorum sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5056148/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 10u</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="7C8C00D5FFC2CB1C0E2D37160E5BF9FA" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="3429535EFFC2CB1C0E2D37160917FAE6" blockId="46.[264,1051,1358,1384]" box="[264,1051,1358,1384]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<treatmentCitation id="B537754FFFC2CB1C0E2D37160FD6FAE6" author="Gauld, I." box="[264,730,1360,1384]" page="282" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" year="1988">
<taxonomicName id="F39628DDFFC2CB1C0E2D37160FD6FAE6" ID-CoL="6FCDK" authority="Gauld, 1988: 282" authorityName="Gauld" authorityPageNumber="282" authorityYear="1988" box="[264,730,1360,1384]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="howdenorum">
<emphasis id="06E28F4CFFC2CB1C0E2D37160F1AFAE9" box="[264,534,1361,1384]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Enicospilus howdenorum</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="84FE5903FFC2CB1C0D3837170FD6FAE6" box="[541,730,1360,1383]" collectionCode="CNC" country="Jamaica" location="Jamaica" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<bibRefCitation id="50072EAFFFC2CB1C0D3837170FD6FAE6" author="Gauld, I." box="[541,730,1360,1383]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 309" refId="ref32773" refString="Gauld, I. (1988) A survey of the Ophioninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of tropical Mesoamerica with special reference to the fauna of Costa Rica. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 57, 1 - 309." type="journal article" year="1988">Gauld, 1988: 282</bibRefCitation>
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. 
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, 
<collectingCountry id="4C8113CEFFC2CB1C0C4A37170EC9FAE6" box="[879,965,1360,1383]" name="Jamaica" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
(CNC).
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3429535EFFC2CB1C0E2D37DE0E5BF9FA" blockId="46.[264,1323,1433,1899]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
A Caribbean species. It is noteworthy that all country specimens have been collected in the same sector of the Sierra Maestra mountains, and above 
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.a.s.l. 
<bibRefCitation id="50072EAFFFC2CB1C0B6F378609E4FA5A" author="Gauld, I." box="[1098,1256,1473,1499]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 309" refId="ref32773" refString="Gauld, I. (1988) A survey of the Ophioninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of tropical Mesoamerica with special reference to the fauna of Costa Rica. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 57, 1 - 309." type="journal article" year="1988">Gauld (1988)</bibRefCitation>
studied one Cuban specimen and found it paler yellow in color than other specimens from 
<collectingCountry id="4C8113CEFFC2CB1C0E2D34560C6AF9AA" box="[264,358,1553,1579]" name="Jamaica" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
and Hispaniola. However, of 
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I have been able to study in Cuban collections, some are paler and other not; suggesting this could be a color variation of species instead of a particularity of Cuban specimens.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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Some minor differences regarding the original description can be mentioned. The specimens housed in 
<collectingCountry id="4C8113CEFFC2CB1C0D2C34F60F4BF94A" box="[521,583,1713,1739]" name="Cuba" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Cuba</collectingCountry>
collections have the marginal cell rather sparsely hirsute; the first abscissa of 
<emphasis id="06E28F4CFFC2CB1C0EEC349E0CE7F973" box="[457,491,1753,1778]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Cu</emphasis>
1 not so bowed as described by 
<bibRefCitation id="50072EAFFFC2CB1C0C4C349E0905F972" author="Gauld, I." box="[873,1033,1753,1779]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 309" refId="ref32773" refString="Gauld, I. (1988) A survey of the Ophioninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of tropical Mesoamerica with special reference to the fauna of Costa Rica. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 57, 1 - 309." type="journal article" year="1988">Gauld (1988)</bibRefCitation>
, sometimes even almost straight. The head and scutellum are yellow and the rest of the body is orange­brown; mesopleuron with variable yellow marks, mostly in the upper and lower part but not medially; metapleuron with yellow marks, sometimes entirely yellow; metasoma infuscate sometimes since 2nd tergite onwards, sometimes not infuscate at all. However, it clearly seems to me that all specimens I studied belong to this species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3429535EFFC3CB1D0E1D332B0F4AFE7F" blockId="47.[264,1324,284,590]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
According to 
<bibRefCitation id="50072EAFFFC3CB1D0EFB332B0F73FE07" author="Gauld, I." box="[478,639,364,390]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 309" refId="ref32773" refString="Gauld, I. (1988) A survey of the Ophioninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of tropical Mesoamerica with special reference to the fauna of Costa Rica. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 57, 1 - 309." type="journal article" year="1988">Gauld (1988)</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="06E28F4CFFC3CB1D0DAD332B0E48FE04" box="[648,836,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">E. howdenorum</emphasis>
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and 
<taxonomicName id="F39628DDFFC3CB1D0CA6332B0908FE04" authorityName="Gauld" authorityYear="1988" box="[899,1028,364,389]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sondrae">
<emphasis id="06E28F4CFFC3CB1D0CA6332B0908FE04" box="[899,1028,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">E. sondrae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
form a distinctive sister species pair characterized by having 
<emphasis id="06E28F4CFFC3CB1D0DEB33D30E0EFE2C" box="[718,770,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">cu­a</emphasis>
in the hind wing 0.4–0.5 times as long as a bowed first abscissa of 
<emphasis id="06E28F4CFFC3CB1D0D3A33FB0F4DFE54" box="[543,577,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Cu</emphasis>
1. For difference between these two species see below (
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<emphasis id="06E28F4CFFC3CB1D0BF333FB0C32FE7C" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">E. sondrae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and 
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Figs. 10u &amp; 
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.
</paragraph>
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<materialsCitation id="84FE5903FFC3CB1D0E1D304B0E30FDCF" collectingDate="1963-06" collectionCode="IES, MNHNCu" county="Guama" location="Alto del Cardero" municipality="Turquino" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="4">
MATERIAL EXAMINED: EC. SC: 
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, 
<collectingMunicipality id="D44DC924FFC3CB1D0CFC304B0944FDA7" box="[985,1096,524,550]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Turquino</collectingMunicipality>
, 
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, 
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<collectingDate id="506C8C76FFC3CB1D0BE4304B082AFDA7" box="[1217,1318,524,550]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1963-06">VI­1963</collectingDate>
</date>
, Zayas­Alayo­García (
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, 
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; 
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, 
<collectionCode id="5287CB9BFFC3CB1D0D9730730E38FDCF" box="[690,820,564,590]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">MNHNCu</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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