265 lines
29 KiB
XML
265 lines
29 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="A06B39253F1ADD74F4DFD81390562B0C">Melittological notes from Guatemala (Hymenoptera: Anthophila), 1. New country records for Centris Fabricius (Apidae) and Zikanapis Moure (Colletidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="81985A74A65D9094953FE3D460A686E9">Bossert, Silas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8B13D23DA0BD8E66D5D3B7B224AA2BEE">Department of Entomology Washington State University Pullman, WA 99164 - 6382, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="E95A5F25F31161C94BB42DC5EB9D0973">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E49391A28F67319CA742E99A0A09E716">Monzón-Sierra, José</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F9394685A42C38ACD4430C84B549CAE6">Laboratorio de Entomología Sistemática Departamento de Biología, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala Apartado Postal 82, Guatemala Guatemala, C. A. 01901</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B07CF3B08927D1FBEC209DC467B1DFE3">Zack, Richard S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5B58509655C7074458E1220014F2AD69">Department of Entomology Washington State University Pullman, WA 99164 - 6382, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B2E6C3EA0860C6E2A654B4D5C65D25B1">García, Ana Cristina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4A228D1EDA2F686A55E4458E447398FB">Laboratorio de Entomología Sistemática Departamento de Biología, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala Apartado Postal 82, Guatemala Guatemala, C. A. 01901</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="382BA7FD7D3836FA7C054D1925BE7D48">Murray, Elizabeth A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7CEDFC644C0115DA1977BE718B600500">Department of Entomology Washington State University Pullman, WA 99164 - 6382, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="D210A7B2AB389D4EDFB5B346D1B6246F">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="38DBFBA41ECA8E418687447D2A668A36">
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<mods:date id="FEDD1D401570C44B43BDB797A3B2B253">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FF3B5480E570B41582EC6A768F3870CD">22</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="164459881381CA85E2ACB1BE258FAAD6" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.10621824</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0A0A7A42F91B1F5D9E2885EC36D579E6" type="GBIF-Dataset">26a04e8a-da64-44f5-9ae7-02d9f8680c1a</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="C34FAA0BFFA92C78FF02FE66FC75FAAC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10621820" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10621820" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C34FAA0BFFA92C78FF02FE66FC75FAAC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C34FAA0BFFA92C78FF02FE66FC75FAAC" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
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<subSubSection id="03FC4896FFA92C78FF02FE66FD25FE2A" box="[192,695,463,493]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="4B591B1DFFA92C78FF02FE66FD25FE2A" blockId="5.[192,695,463,528]" box="[192,695,463,493]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
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<heading id="1011AC71FFA92C78FF02FE66FD25FE2A" box="[192,695,463,493]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="8CE6609EFFA92C78FF02FE66FD25FE2A" ID-CoL="69FY6" authority="Mocsary, 1899" authorityName="Mocsary" authorityYear="1899" box="[192,695,463,493]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Centris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vidua" subGenus="Trachina">
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<emphasis id="7992C70FFFA92C78FF02FE66FD25FE2A" bold="true" box="[192,695,463,493]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis id="7992C70FFFA92C78FF02FE66FE8EFE2B" bold="true" box="[192,284,464,492]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Centris</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="7992C70FFFA92C78FEEFFE66FE0DFE2A" bold="true" box="[301,415,464,493]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Trachina</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="7992C70FFFA92C78FE73FE66FE68FE2A" bold="true" box="[433,506,464,493]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">vidua</emphasis>
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Mocsáry, 1899
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="03FC4896FFA92C78FF02FE43FEBFFDD7" box="[192,301,501,528]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="description">
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<paragraph id="4B591B1DFFA92C78FF02FE43FEBFFDD7" blockId="5.[192,695,463,528]" box="[192,301,501,528]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
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(
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<figureCitation id="D3DD0798FFA92C78FF0AFE43FEB7FDD7" box="[200,293,501,528]" captionStart="Figures 5–8" captionStartId="6.[192,279,1835,1861]" captionTargetBox="[217,1419,249,1788]" captionTargetId="figure-52@6.[192,1440,237,1805]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 5–8. Centris vidua. 5) Male habitus in lateral view. 6) Male habitus in dorsal view. 7) Male habitus in frontal view.8) Known distribution of Centris vidua in Guatemala. Scale bars next to photographs indicate 2 mm length." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10621828" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10621828/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Fig. 5–8</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="03FC4896FFA92C78FF02FD96FC41FD2E" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="4B591B1DFFA92C78FF02FD96FC41FD2E" blockId="5.[191,1440,544,746]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis id="7992C70FFFA92C78FF02FD96FE37FDFD" bold="true" box="[192,421,544,570]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="33F15B8DFFA92C78FE6CFD96FDCBFDFD" box="[430,601,544,570]" name="Guatemala" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">GUATEMALA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="8922D5FFFFA92C78FDA7FD96FD68FDFD" box="[613,762,544,570]" country="Guatemala" name="Alta Verapaz" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Alta Verapaz</collectingRegion>
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, San Pedro Carchá, San Vicente Chicatal, Parque ecológico Hun Nal Ye,
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||
<quantity id="8C1EB6F8FFA92C78FE89FDF5FE02FD9A" box="[331,400,579,606]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="335.0">335 m</quantity>
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alt.,
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<geoCoordinate id="2ED27DDAFFA92C78FE06FDF5FDA4FD99" box="[452,566,579,606]" degrees="15.673994" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" precision="1" value="15.673994">15.673994</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="2ED27DDAFFA92C78FDF9FDF5FD52FD9A" box="[571,704,579,605]" degrees="90.319398" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" precision="1" value="-90.3194">−90.319398</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<date id="3F583DDDFFA92C78FD08FDF5FCAEFD9A" box="[714,828,579,605]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" value="2010-10-27">27.X.2010</date>
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||
, leg. J. Monzón-Sierra, deposited
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<collectionCode id="2DF783D8FFA92C78FB6CFDF5FB6EFD9A" box="[1198,1276,579,605]" country="Guatemala" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/azap-ym2d" name="Collecion de Artropodos" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">UVGC</collectionCode>
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[voucher code JMS-11280],
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<specimenCount id="5DE0D094FFA92C78FE93FDD0FEE6FD45" box="[337,372,614,642]" count="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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.
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||
<collectingCountry id="33F15B8DFFA92C78FE42FDD0FDB9FD47" box="[384,555,614,640]" name="Guatemala" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">GUATEMALA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="8922D5FFFFA92C78FDF6FDD0FDE0FD47" box="[564,626,614,640]" country="Guatemala" name="Peten" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Petén</collectingRegion>
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||
Dept., Balneario “El Bosque” along Río Machaquilá, ca.
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<quantity id="8C1EB6F8FFA92C78FB1FFDD0FA87FDB8" box="[1245,1301,613,640]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" unit="km" value="9.0">9 km</quantity>
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||
E of Machaquilá,
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<quantity id="8C1EB6F8FFA92C78FEC7FD3FFED9FD64" box="[261,331,649,675]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="390.0">390 m</quantity>
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alt.,
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<date id="3F583DDDFFA92C78FE43FD3EFE6BFD65" box="[385,505,648,674]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" value="2021-12-06">6.XII.2021</date>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="2ED27DDAFFA92C78FDC6FD3EFD14FD65" box="[516,646,648,674]" degrees="16.39023" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" precision="1" value="16.39023">N16.39023°</geoCoordinate>
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, leg.
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<collectionCode id="2DF783D8FFA92C78FC93FD3FFCF4FD64" box="[849,870,649,675]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">R</collectionCode>
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. S. Zack & J. Monzón-Sierra, at
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<collectionCode id="2DF783D8FFA92C78FB08FD3FFB60FD64" box="[1226,1266,649,675]" country="Colombia" name="Departamento de Biologia de la Universidad del Valle" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">UV</collectionCode>
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trap, deposited
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<collectionCode id="2DF783D8FFA92C78FF02FD1DFE9CFD02" box="[192,270,683,709]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">WSUC</collectionCode>
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[voucher code
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<collectionCode id="2DF783D8FFA92C78FE78FD1DFD98FD02" box="[442,522,683,709]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">WSUC</collectionCode>
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00011188],
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<specimenCount id="5DE0D094FFA92C78FD48FD1DFD3EFD0F" box="[650,684,683,712]" count="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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.
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<collectingCountry id="33F15B8DFFA92C78FD7AFD1DFCF1FD02" box="[696,867,683,709]" name="Guatemala" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">GUATEMALA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="8922D5FFFFA92C78FCAFFD1DFC39FD02" box="[877,939,683,709]" country="Guatemala" name="Peten" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Petén</collectingRegion>
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||
Dept., Sayaxché, Fca. La Dicha,
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||
<date id="3F583DDDFFA92C78FAD3FD1DFA0EFD02" box="[1297,1436,683,709]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" value="2002-03-01" valueMax="2002-03-03" valueMin="2002-03-01">1–3.III.2002</date>
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||
, leg. Ma. Isa de León, deposited
|
||
<collectionCode id="2DF783D8FFA92C78FDDFFD78FDF9FD2F" box="[541,619,718,744]" country="Guatemala" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/azap-ym2d" name="Collecion de Artropodos" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">UVGC</collectionCode>
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||
[voucher code JMS-11355],
|
||
<specimenCount id="5DE0D094FFA92C78FC68FD78FC5FFD2D" box="[938,973,718,746]" count="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="03FC4896FFA92C78FF02FD4FFE6BFC05" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="4B591B1DFFA92C78FF02FD4FFE6BFC05" blockId="5.[191,1441,761,962]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis id="7992C70FFFA92C78FF02FD4FFEC9FCD4" bold="true" box="[192,347,761,787]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="945DA5BFFFA92C78FE52FD4FFE52FCD4" box="[400,448,761,787]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8CE6609EFFA92C78FDF8FD4FFD5CFCD4" authorityName="Mocsary" authorityYear="1899" box="[570,718,761,787]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Centris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vidua">
|
||
<emphasis id="7992C70FFFA92C78FDF8FD4FFD5CFCD4" box="[570,718,761,787]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Centris vidua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="33F15B8DFFA92C78FCCBFD4FFCEBFCD4" box="[777,889,761,787]" name="Honduras" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Honduras</collectingCountry>
|
||
(San Pedro Sula,
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||
<collectingRegion id="8922D5FFFFA92C78FBF9FD4FFB17FCD4" box="[1083,1157,761,787]" country="Honduras" name="Cortes" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Cortés</collectingRegion>
|
||
Dept.) (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="2F7766ECFFA92C78FB22FD4FFAF1FCD4" author="Friese H." box="[1248,1379,761,787]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="237 - 350" refId="ref3186" refString="Friese H. 1900. Monographie der Bienengattung Centris (s. lat.). Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 15 (3 / 4): 237 - 350." type="journal article" year="1900">Friese 1900</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2F7766ECFFA92C78FAACFD4FFE49FCF1" author="Rasmussen C & Vivallo F." pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="585 - 594" refId="ref3770" refString="Rasmussen C, Vivallo F. 2014. Lectotype designations and new synonymies in the Neotropical bee genus Centris Fabricius, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Zootaxa 3856 (4): 585 - 594." type="journal article" year="2014">Rasmussen and Vivallo 2014</bibRefCitation>
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||
). A GBIF query (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2F7766ECFFA92C78FD54FCAAFCB0FCF1" author="GBIF" box="[662,802,796,822]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" refId="ref3334" refString="GBIF. 2022 b. GBIF occurrence download for Centris vidua, Mocsary, 1899. Available at https: // doi. org / 10.15468 / dl. rweubf. (Last accessed June 4, 2022)." type="book" year="2022">GBIF 2022b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) for the species returned 19 georeferenced entries, 8 from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="33F15B8DFFA92C78FF02FC88FE91FC9F" box="[192,259,830,856]" name="Belize" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Belize</collectingCountry>
|
||
(4 localities), 8 from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="33F15B8DFFA92C78FE3AFC88FDD9FC9F" box="[504,587,830,856]" name="Mexico" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
(2 localities,
|
||
<quantity id="8C1EB6F8FFA92C78FD21FC89FC9DFC9F" box="[739,783,830,857]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8922D5FFFFA92C78FCD5FC88FC02FC9F" box="[791,912,830,856]" country="Mexico" name="Campeche" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Campeche</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="8C1EB6F8FFA92C78FC5EFC89FC5AFC9F" box="[924,968,830,857]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8922D5FFFFA92C78FC12FC89FBB1FC9E" box="[976,1059,831,857]" country="Mexico" name="Sonora" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Sonora</collectingRegion>
|
||
), 2 from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="33F15B8DFFA92C78FB4EFC89FB74FC9E" box="[1164,1254,831,857]" name="Panama" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1 locality), and 1 from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="33F15B8DFFA92C78FED6FCD7FE02FCBC" box="[276,400,865,891]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2F7766ECFFA92C78FE58FCD7FDBFFCBC" author="Friese H." box="[410,557,865,891]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="237 - 350" refId="ref3186" refString="Friese H. 1900. Monographie der Bienengattung Centris (s. lat.). Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 15 (3 / 4): 237 - 350." type="journal article" year="1900">Friese (1900)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
lists additional records from Orizaba,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="33F15B8DFFA92C78FC1CFCD7FBA3FCBC" box="[990,1073,865,891]" name="Mexico" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8922D5FFFFA92C78FBFDFCD7FB3AFCBC" box="[1087,1192,865,891]" country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Veracruz</collectingRegion>
|
||
) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="33F15B8DFFA92C78FB2AFCD4FA8DFCBB" box="[1256,1311,866,892]" name="Peru" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Hence, the species was reported in every neighboring country of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="33F15B8DFFA92C78FCD1FC32FC1EFC59" box="[787,908,900,926]" name="Guatemala" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
|
||
except
|
||
<collectingCountry id="33F15B8DFFA92C78FC1DFC32FBCCFC59" box="[991,1118,900,926]" name="El Salvador" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">El Salvador</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Our newly provided records close this distributional gap.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="03FC4896FFA92C78FF02FC64FC75FAAC" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="4B591B1DFFA92C78FF02FC64FC75FAAC" blockId="5.[191,1441,978,1387]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="7992C70FFFA92C78FF02FC64FEACFC2B" bold="true" box="[192,318,978,1004]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Comment.</emphasis>
|
||
Described as an ‘uncommon bee’ (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2F7766ECFFA92C78FD12FC64FCFDFC2B" author="Snelling RR" box="[720,879,978,1004]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 69" refId="ref4107" refString="Snelling RR. 1984. Studies on the taxonomy and distribution of American centridine bees (Hymenoptera: Anthophoridae). Contributions in Science 347: 1 - 69." type="journal article" year="1984">Snelling 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), little is known about the biology of the species. Interestingly, the recently collected male specimen [WSUC00011188] was captured at a light trap, which includes UV light, between 4 and 5 am in the morning, together with two species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8CE6609EFFA92C78FBF4FBA1FB38FBF6" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1853" box="[1078,1194,1047,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Ptiloglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7992C70FFFA92C78FBF4FBA1FB38FBF6" box="[1078,1194,1047,1073]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Ptiloglossa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8CE6609EFFA92C78FB79FBA1FAA6FBF6" authorityName="Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau" authorityYear="1841" box="[1211,1332,1047,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Colletidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), a genus long known for crepuscular or matinal activity patterns (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2F7766ECFFA92C78FCA9FB8CFB84FB93" author="Schrottky C." box="[875,1046,1082,1108]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="259 - 274" refId="ref4042" refString="Schrottky C. 1907. A Contribution to the knowledge of some South American Hymenoptera, chiefly from Paraguay. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 48: 259 - 274." type="journal article" year="1907">Schrottky 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2F7766ECFFA92C78FBE2FB8CFB3DFB93" author="Linsley EG" box="[1056,1199,1082,1108]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="75 - 82" refId="ref3468" refString="Linsley EG. 1962. The colletid Ptiloglossa arizonensis Timberlake, a matinal pollinator of Solanum. Pan-Pacific Entomology 38 (2): 75 - 82." type="journal article" year="1962">Linsley 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2F7766ECFFA92C78FB7BFB8CFADDFB93" author="Roberts RB" box="[1209,1359,1082,1108]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="283 - 294" refId="ref3856" refString="Roberts RB. 1971. Biology of the crepuscular bee Ptiloglossa guinnae n. sp. with notes on associated bees, mites, and yeasts. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 44 (3): 283 - 294." type="journal article" year="1971">Roberts 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2F7766ECFFA92C78FA98FB8DFF68FBB0" author="Rozen JG" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 3" refId="ref3976" refString="Rozen JG. 1984. Nesting Biology of diphaglossine Bees (Hymenoptera, Colletidae). American Museum Novitates 2786: 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="1984">Rozen 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The color pattern of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8CE6609EFFA92C78FE33FBE8FD14FBB0" authorityName="Mocsary" authorityYear="1899" box="[497,646,1117,1144]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Centris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vidua">
|
||
<emphasis id="7992C70FFFA92C78FE33FBE8FD14FBB0" box="[497,646,1117,1144]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Centris vidua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles that of male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8CE6609EFFA92C78FC4CFBEBFBB0FBB0" authorityName="Moure" authorityYear="1964" box="[910,1058,1117,1143]" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Crawfordapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7992C70FFFA92C78FC4CFBEBFBB0FBB0" box="[910,1058,1117,1143]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Crawfordapis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8CE6609EFFA92C78FBEDFBEBFB34FBB0" authorityName="Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau" authorityYear="1841" box="[1071,1190,1117,1143]" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Colletidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) that possess a similar light colored pronotal band on an otherwise dark scutum. Flight activity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8CE6609EFFA92C78FBDEFB36FB22FB5D" authorityName="Moure" authorityYear="1964" box="[1052,1200,1152,1178]" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Crawfordapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7992C70FFFA92C78FBDEFB36FB22FB5D" box="[1052,1200,1152,1178]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Crawfordapis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been reported to be primarily diurnal (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2F7766ECFFA92C78FE71FB15FDCDFB7A" author="Otis GW & McGinley RJ & Garling L & Malaret L." box="[435,607,1187,1213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="279 - 296" refId="ref3735" refString="Otis GW, McGinley RJ, Garling L, Malaret L. 1982. Biology and systematics of the bee genus Crawfordapis (Colletidae, Diphaglossinae). Psyche 89: 279 - 296." type="journal article" year="1982">Otis et al. 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2F7766ECFFA92C78FDABFB15FC0DFB7A" author="Roubik DW & Michener CD" box="[617,927,1187,1213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="662 - 671" refId="ref3941" refString="Roubik DW, Michener CD. 1984. Nesting biology of Crawfordapis in Panama (Hymenoptera, Colletidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 57 (4): 662 - 671." type="journal article" year="1984">Roubik and Michener 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), however, their flight activity may start in the very early morning, overlapping with truly crepuscular bees (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2F7766ECFFA92C78FCB1FB70FB15FB18" author="Wuellner CT & Jang Y." box="[883,1159,1221,1248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="211 - 221" refId="ref4137" refString="Wuellner CT, Jang Y. 1996. Natural history of a ground-nesting solitary bee, Crawfordapis luctuosa (Hymenoptera: Colletidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 69 (3): 211 - 221." type="journal article" year="1996">Wuellner and Jang 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). While we have not collected
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8CE6609EFFA92C78FEC8FB5EFE0CFAC5" authorityName="Moure" authorityYear="1964" box="[266,414,1256,1282]" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Crawfordapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7992C70FFFA92C78FEC8FB5EFE0CFAC5" box="[266,414,1256,1282]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Crawfordapis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
together with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8CE6609EFFA92C78FD81FB5FFD4AFAC5" authorityName="Mocsary" authorityYear="1899" box="[579,728,1256,1283]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Centris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vidua">
|
||
<emphasis id="7992C70FFFA92C78FD81FB5FFD4AFAC5" box="[579,728,1256,1283]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Centris vidua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we have frequently collected
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8CE6609EFFA92C78FBE9FB5EFB2DFAC5" authorityName="Moure" authorityYear="1964" box="[1067,1215,1256,1282]" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Crawfordapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7992C70FFFA92C78FBE9FB5EFB2DFAC5" box="[1067,1215,1256,1282]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Crawfordapis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at UV light traps in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="33F15B8DFFA92C78FF03FABDFEA8FAE2" box="[193,314,1291,1317]" name="Guatemala" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
|
||
at times when it was still very dark, between 4 am and 5 am. To the best of our knowledge, no
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8CE6609EFFA92C78FA92FABAFA0DFAE1" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1804" box="[1360,1439,1292,1318]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Centris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7992C70FFFA92C78FA92FABAFA0DFAE1" box="[1360,1439,1292,1318]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Centris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known to be crepuscular, but we suspect that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8CE6609EFFA92C78FD23FA98FCEAFA8F" authorityName="Mocsary" authorityYear="1899" box="[737,888,1326,1352]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Centris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vidua">
|
||
<emphasis id="7992C70FFFA92C78FD23FA98FCEAFA8F" box="[737,888,1326,1352]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Centris vidua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may forage in a similar activity pattern as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8CE6609EFFA92C78FA9FFA98FE8AFAAC" authorityName="Moure" authorityYear="1964" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Crawfordapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7992C70FFFA92C78FA9FFA98FE8AFAAC" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Crawfordapis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, being diurnal while also being active in the very early morning.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |