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<mods:title id="10158F7E6F3E9BBD407ECA34FF9F43F5">Distribution of the genus Cocconeis (Bacillariophyceae) along the Seogwipo coast of Jeju Island, South Korea</mods:title>
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<treatment id="D0663914FF9BFFFD1B95F8E5FBA196A3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5794208" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191683101" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5794208" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D0663914FF9BFFFD1B95F8E5FBA196A3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D0663914FF9BFFFD1B95F8E5FBA196A3" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="167" pageId="17" pageNumber="166">
<subSubSection id="10D5DB89FF9BFFFE1B95F8E5FD60921B" box="[136,704,1814,1841]" pageId="17" pageNumber="166" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="58708802FF9BFFFE1B95F8E5FD60921B" blockId="17.[136,704,1814,1841]" box="[136,704,1814,1841]" pageId="17" pageNumber="166">
<heading id="03383F6EFF9BFFFE1B95F8E5FD60921B" bold="true" box="[136,704,1814,1841]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="166" reason="1">
<emphasis id="6ABB5410FF9BFFFE1B95F8E5FD60921B" bold="true" box="[136,704,1814,1841]" pageId="17" pageNumber="166">
21.
<taxonomicName id="9FCFF381FF9BFFFE1BAFF8E5FD87921B" authority="Ehrenberg" authorityName="Ehrenberg" box="[178,551,1814,1841]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Cocconeidaceae" genus="Cocconeis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="17" pageNumber="166" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="scutellum">
<emphasis id="6ABB5410FF9BFFFE1BAFF8E5FE3F921A" bold="true" box="[178,415,1814,1841]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="166">Cocconeis scutellum</emphasis>
Ehrenberg
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="C0F49487FF9BFFFE1928F8E5FD17921B" box="[565,695,1814,1840]" captionStart="FIGURES 4556" captionStartId="9.[136,243,1916,1938]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[151,1436,190,1892]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 4556. LM micrographs of Cocconeis species (3). Figs 4548. Cocconeis scutellum, RV (Fig. 45) and SVs (Figs 4648). Figs 4952. C. shikinensis, SVs (Figs 49, 52) and RVs (Figs 50, 51). Figs 5356. C. schmidtii, RVs (Figs 54, 56) and SVs (Figs 53, 55). Scale bar = 10 μm (Figs 4556)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788087" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788087/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="166">Figs 4548</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="10D5DB89FF9BFFFE1B95F891FAD592B7" pageId="17" pageNumber="166" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="58708802FF9BFFFE1B95F891FDC4925C" blockId="17.[136,1397,1890,1948]" box="[136,612,1890,1912]" pageId="17" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="6ABB5410FF9BFFFE1B95F891FF559253" bold="true" box="[136,245,1890,1912]" pageId="17" pageNumber="166">Basionym:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3C5EF5F3FF9BFFFE1BE6F891FE37925C" author="Ehrenberg, C. G." box="[251,407,1890,1912]" pageId="17" pageNumber="166" pagination="1 - 548" refId="ref15185" refString="Ehrenberg, C. G. (1838) Die Infusionsthierchen als vollkommene Organismen. Ein Blick in das tiefere organische Leben de Natur. Verlag von Leopold Voss, Leipzig. pp. 1 - xvii, 1 - 548, pls. 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="1838">Ehrenberg 1838</bibRefCitation>
, p. 194, pl. 14, fig. 8.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="58708802FF9BFFFE1B95F875FAD592B7" blockId="17.[136,1397,1890,1948]" box="[136,1397,1926,1948]" pageId="17" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="6ABB5410FF9BFFFE1B95F875FF5F92B7" bold="true" box="[136,255,1926,1948]" pageId="17" pageNumber="166">References:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3C5EF5F3FF9BFFFE1A1BF875FE1292B0" author="Poulin, M. &amp; Berard-Therriault, L. &amp; Cardinal, A." box="[262,434,1926,1948]" pageId="17" pageNumber="166" pagination="45 - 61" refId="ref17479" refString="Poulin, M., Berard-Therriault, L. &amp; Cardinal, A. (1984) Les diatomees benthiques de substrats durs des eaux marines et saumatres du Quebec. 1. Cocconeioideae (Achnanthales, Achnanthaceae). Le Naturaliste canadien (Rev. Ecol. Syst.) 111: 45 - 61." type="journal article" year="1984">
Poulin
<emphasis id="6ABB5410FF9BFFFE1A57F875FEDB92B0" box="[330,379,1926,1947]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="166">et al.</emphasis>
1984
</bibRefCitation>
, p. 56, figs 4348;
<bibRefCitation id="3C5EF5F3FF9BFFFE1976F875FD4E92B0" author="Mizuno, M." box="[619,750,1926,1948]" pageId="17" pageNumber="166" pagination="591 - 597" refId="ref17046" refString="Mizuno, M. (1987) Morphological variation of the attached diatom Cocconeis scutellum var. scutellum (Bacillariophyceae). Journal of Phycology 23: 591 - 597. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1529 - 8817.1987. tb 04211. x" type="journal article" year="1987">Mizuno 1987</bibRefCitation>
, p. 592, figs 15, 6AF;
<bibRefCitation id="3C5EF5F3FF9BFFFE18C0F875FB1692B0" author="De Stefano, M. &amp; Romero, O. E. &amp; Totti, C." box="[989,1206,1926,1948]" pageId="17" pageNumber="166" pagination="506 - 536" refId="ref15062" refString="De Stefano, M., Romero, O. E. &amp; Totti, C. (2008) A comparative study of Cocconeis scutellum Ehrenberg and its varieties (Bacillariophyta). Botanica Marina 51: 506 - 536. https: // doi. org / 10.1515 / BOT. 2008.058" type="journal article" year="2008">
De Stefano
<emphasis id="6ABB5410FF9BFFFE1F53F875FBDF92B0" box="[1102,1151,1926,1947]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="166">et al.</emphasis>
2008
</bibRefCitation>
, p. 508, figs 1935.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="10D5DB89FF9BFFFD1B95F839FAD195F7" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="167" pageId="17" pageNumber="166" type="description">
<paragraph id="58708802FF9BFFFD1B95F839FAD195F7" blockId="17.[136,1452,1994,2093]" lastBlockId="18.[136,1452,158,905]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="167" pageId="17" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="6ABB5410FF9BFFFE1B95F839FEBC92CF" bold="true" box="[136,284,1994,2020]" pageId="17" pageNumber="166">Description:</emphasis>
Valves elliptic-lanceolate to broadly elliptical, 1331 μm long, 1224 μm wide. SV: sternum narrow and linear, and central area not developed Transapical striae coarsely punctate, radiate towards the apices,
<quantity id="9F3725E7FF9BFFFE1E1DF81DFAF69D23" box="[1280,1366,2030,2056]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.413" metricValueMax="2.54" metricValueMin="2.286" pageId="17" pageNumber="166" unit="in" value="9.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="9.0">910 in</quantity>
10 μm, uniseriate entirely, but bi- and tri-seriate near the mantle, areolae in striae coarsely circular,
<quantity id="9F3725E7FF9BFFFE1FBFF7E1FB599D07" box="[1186,1273,2066,2092]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.667" metricValueMax="3.048" metricValueMin="2.286" pageId="17" pageNumber="166" unit="in" value="10.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="9.0">912 in</quantity>
10 μm of stria. RV: A narrow hyaline band in the submarginal area along the valve margin. Striae radiate,
<quantity id="9F3725E7FF98FFFD1F64FF6DFB7C9593" box="[1145,1244,158,184]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.921" metricValueMax="3.302" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="18" pageNumber="167" unit="in" value="11.5" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="10.0">1013 in</quantity>
10 μm, uniseriate, becoming biseriate on the mantle, areolae circular,
<quantity id="9F3725E7FF98FFFD19D9FF31FC8795F7" box="[708,807,194,220]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.445" metricValueMax="4.826" metricValueMin="4.064" pageId="18" pageNumber="167" unit="in" value="17.5" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="16.0">1619 in</quantity>
10 μm. Valvocopulae closed, having short fimbriae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="10D5DB89FF98FFFD1BA0FF15FBA196A3" pageId="18" pageNumber="167" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="58708802FF98FFFD1BA0FF15FD1294F3" blockId="18.[136,1452,158,905]" pageId="18" pageNumber="167">
<emphasis id="6ABB5410FF98FFFD1BA0FF15FE94942B" bold="true" box="[189,308,230,256]" pageId="18" pageNumber="167">Remarks:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9FCFF381FF98FFFD1A21FF14FD85942B" box="[316,549,230,257]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Cocconeidaceae" genus="Cocconeis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="18" pageNumber="167" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="scutellum">
<emphasis id="6ABB5410FF98FFFD1A21FF14FD85942B" box="[316,549,230,257]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="167">Cocconeis scutellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the most commonly reported in taxonomical and ecological research among the genus
<taxonomicName id="9FCFF381FF98FFFD1BE0FEF8FED2940E" box="[253,370,267,293]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Cocconeidaceae" genus="Cocconeis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="18" pageNumber="167" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6ABB5410FF98FFFD1BE0FEF8FED2940E" box="[253,370,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="167">Cocconeis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but its morphological features have been neglected for a long time in the past. However, with the increase of SEM morphology,
<taxonomicName id="9FCFF381FF98FFFD1910FEDCFD399463" box="[525,665,302,329]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Cocconeidaceae" genus="Cocconeis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="18" pageNumber="167" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="scutellum">
<emphasis id="6ABB5410FF98FFFD1910FEDCFD399463" box="[525,665,302,329]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="167">C. scutellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was recognized as a complex composed of many heterogeneous taxa rather than a single one (De Stephano
<emphasis id="6ABB5410FF98FFFD1928FEA0FDCD9447" box="[565,621,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="167">et al.</emphasis>
2008). In the meantime, a lot of new taxa have been recently described as new species, and many specimens that have been reported as
<taxonomicName id="9FCFF381FF98FFFD182EFE84FC1E94BB" box="[819,958,374,401]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Cocconeidaceae" genus="Cocconeis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="18" pageNumber="167" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="scutellum">
<emphasis id="6ABB5410FF98FFFD182EFE84FC1E94BB" box="[819,958,374,401]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="167">C. scutellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been separated as new species (Riaux-Gobin
<emphasis id="6ABB5410FF98FFFD1BC8FE68FEAE949F" box="[213,270,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="167">et al.</emphasis>
2013). Therefore, the morphological boundary of the
<taxonomicName id="9FCFF381FF98FFFD1871FE68FB3B949F" authority="var. scutellum" box="[876,1179,410,437]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Cocconeidaceae" genus="Cocconeis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="18" pageNumber="167" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="variety" species="scutellum" variety="scutellum">
<emphasis id="6ABB5410FF98FFFD1871FE68FC58949F" box="[876,1016,410,437]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="167">C. scutellum</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="6ABB5410FF98FFFD1F2DFE69FB3B949F" box="[1072,1179,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="167">scutellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
became very important, and it is not easy to identify the nominate variety.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="58708802FF98FFFD1BA0FE11FCCB976F" blockId="18.[136,1452,158,905]" pageId="18" pageNumber="167">
The important feature of circumscribing
<taxonomicName id="9FCFF381FF98FFFD1995FE10FCB494D7" box="[648,788,482,509]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Cocconeidaceae" genus="Cocconeis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="18" pageNumber="167" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="scutellum">
<emphasis id="6ABB5410FF98FFFD1995FE10FCB494D7" box="[648,788,482,509]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="167">C. scutellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from neighboring species is the poroid areolae on striae of SV, becoming biseriate or triseriate towards the mantle (
<bibRefCitation id="3C5EF5F3FF98FFFD19E0FDF5FC38970B" author="Mizuno, M." box="[765,920,518,544]" pageId="18" pageNumber="167" pagination="591 - 597" refId="ref17046" refString="Mizuno, M. (1987) Morphological variation of the attached diatom Cocconeis scutellum var. scutellum (Bacillariophyceae). Journal of Phycology 23: 591 - 597. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1529 - 8817.1987. tb 04211. x" type="journal article" year="1987">Mizuno 1987</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="3C5EF5F3FF98FFFD18B9FDF4FB04970B" author="De Stefano, M. &amp; Romero, O. E. &amp; Totti, C." box="[932,1188,518,545]" pageId="18" pageNumber="167" pagination="506 - 536" refId="ref15062" refString="De Stefano, M., Romero, O. E. &amp; Totti, C. (2008) A comparative study of Cocconeis scutellum Ehrenberg and its varieties (Bacillariophyta). Botanica Marina 51: 506 - 536. https: // doi. org / 10.1515 / BOT. 2008.058" type="journal article" year="2008">
De Stefano
<emphasis id="6ABB5410FF98FFFD1F35FDF4FBC1970B" box="[1064,1121,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="167">et al.</emphasis>
2008
</bibRefCitation>
). Loculiferous bands in the margins of the RV, which is fimbriate valvocopulae, is visible.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="58708802FF98FFFD1BA0FDBCFB3497FF" blockId="18.[136,1452,158,905]" pageId="18" pageNumber="167">
Many frustules of the
<taxonomicName id="9FCFF381FF98FFFD1AADFDBCFD9B9743" box="[432,571,590,617]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Cocconeidaceae" genus="Cocconeis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="18" pageNumber="167" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="scutellum">
<emphasis id="6ABB5410FF98FFFD1AADFDBCFD9B9743" box="[432,571,590,617]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="167">C. scutellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were also found in the Seogwipo coast, and the morphology of valves was very diverse and there were too many complex morphology and similarities, making it difficult to identify them. Although many images of light and electron microscopy were obtained, accurate identification was difficult. Only two species of
<taxonomicName id="9FCFF381FF98FFFD1BBBFD48FE9297FF" box="[166,306,698,725]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Cocconeidaceae" genus="Cocconeis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="18" pageNumber="167" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="scutellum">
<emphasis id="6ABB5410FF98FFFD1BBBFD48FE9297FF" box="[166,306,698,725]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="167">C. scutellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9FCFF381FF98FFFD1A74FD48FE4997FF" box="[361,489,699,725]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Cocconeidaceae" genus="Cocconeis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="18" pageNumber="167" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="speciosa">
<emphasis id="6ABB5410FF98FFFD1A74FD48FE4997FF" box="[361,489,699,725]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="167">C. speciosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were extracted, and the rest were all set aside for later work.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="58708802FF98FFFD1BA0FD2DFBA196A3" blockId="18.[136,1452,158,905]" pageId="18" pageNumber="167">
This taxon is widespread and cosmopolitan along the coasts of marine and brackish waters, and has even been found in Antarctic regions (
<bibRefCitation id="3C5EF5F3FF98FFFD1AA6FCF1FD179637" author="Witkowski, A. &amp; Lange-Bertalot, H. &amp; Metzeltin, D." box="[443,695,770,796]" pageId="18" pageNumber="167" refId="ref20057" refString="Witkowski, A., Lange-Bertalot, H. &amp; Metzeltin, D. (2000) Diatom flora of marine coasts I. Iconographia Diatomologica Vol. 7. A. R. G. Ganter Verlag K. G., Ruggell. 925 pp." type="book" year="2000">
Witkowski
<emphasis id="6ABB5410FF98FFFD1920FCF0FDD59637" box="[573,629,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="167">et al.</emphasis>
2000
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="3C5EF5F3FF98FFFD19DFFCF0FC619637" author="De Stefano, M. &amp; Romero, O. E. &amp; Totti, C." box="[706,961,770,797]" pageId="18" pageNumber="167" pagination="506 - 536" refId="ref15062" refString="De Stefano, M., Romero, O. E. &amp; Totti, C. (2008) A comparative study of Cocconeis scutellum Ehrenberg and its varieties (Bacillariophyta). Botanica Marina 51: 506 - 536. https: // doi. org / 10.1515 / BOT. 2008.058" type="journal article" year="2008">
De Stefano
<emphasis id="6ABB5410FF98FFFD1858FCF0FCDD9637" box="[837,893,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="167">et al.</emphasis>
2008
</bibRefCitation>
). In
<collectingCountry id="20D8C892FF98FFFD18ECFCF1FB209636" box="[1009,1152,770,797]" name="South Korea" pageId="18" pageNumber="167">South Korea</collectingCountry>
, it was reported frequently as planktons and periphytic off the coast (Lee 1995), as epiphytes on
<taxonomicName id="9FCFF381FF98FFFD1899FCD4FC7A966B" box="[900,986,807,832]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zosteraceae" genus="Zostera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="18" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6ABB5410FF98FFFD1899FCD4FC7A966B" box="[900,986,807,832]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="167">Zostera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Geoje Island (
<bibRefCitation id="3C5EF5F3FF98FFFD1F8BFCD5FAD1966B" author="Chung, M. H. &amp; Lee, K. S." box="[1174,1393,806,833]" pageId="18" pageNumber="167" pagination="75 - 81" refId="ref14652" refString="Chung, M. H. &amp; Lee, K. S. (2008) Species composition of the epiphytic diatoms on the leaf tissues of three Zostera species distributed on the southern coast of Korea. Algae 23: 75 - 81. https: // doi. org / 10.4490 / algae. 2008.23.1.075" type="journal article" year="2008">Chung &amp; Lee 2008</bibRefCitation>
), and as the epipsammic on the sand flat of the Nakdong River estuary (
<bibRefCitation id="3C5EF5F3FF98FFFD1872FCB9FC7C964F" author="Joh, G." box="[879,988,842,868]" pageId="18" pageNumber="167" refId="ref16117" refString="Joh, G. (2012) Freshwater diatoms V: Achnanthaceae. In: Algal flora of Korea. Vol. 3, No. 7. National Institute of Biological Resources, Ministry of Environment, Korea. 134 pp." type="book" year="2012">Joh 2012</bibRefCitation>
). In this survey, common as epiphytes on seaweeds along the Seogwipo coast, particularly abundant in the lagoon (St. 3).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>