224 lines
20 KiB
XML
224 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.519.5996" ID-GBIF-Dataset="09c45799-b6e2-43dc-9bf4-f7521e4370ba" ID-PMC="PMC4591607" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-519-141" ID-PubMed="26448710" ID-ZBK="70A3E5D935C247BFA9A1DD4C0F17CB22" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-519-141" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 519" ModsDocTitle="Rediscovery of Nuvolumbrosus Navás (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae, Leucochrysini): a redescription and discussion" checkinTime="1451244000613" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tauber, Catherine A. & Sosa, Francisco" docDate="2015" docId="21FDFC5D2AC10FCAE71C1942C99E949B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 519: 141-153" docOrigin="ZooKeys 519" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.519.5996" docTitle="Nuvol umbrosus Navas 1916" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="148" masterDocId="D224B36FFD74FFBC6D6C9F0DFF88FF87" masterDocTitle="Rediscovery of Nuvolumbrosus Navas (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae, Leucochrysini): a redescription and discussion" masterLastPageNumber="153" masterPageNumber="141" pageNumber="142" updateTime="1668160652550" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Rediscovery of Nuvolumbrosus Navas (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae, Leucochrysini): a redescription and discussion</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tauber, Catherine A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sosa, Francisco</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>519</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>141</mods:start>
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<mods:end>153</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.519.5996</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.519.5996</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-519-141</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">70A3E5D935C247BFA9A1DD4C0F17CB22</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">70A3E5D935C247BFA9A1DD4C0F17CB22</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152062180" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:21FDFC5D2AC10FCAE71C1942C99E949B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/21FDFC5D2AC10FCAE71C1942C99E949B" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="148" pageId="1" pageNumber="142">
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="142" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="142">Taxon classification Animalia Neuroptera Chrysopidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="142" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="142">
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<taxonomicName authority="Navas [1916. ??. ??]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Nuvol" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nuvol umbrosus" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbrosus">
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Nuvol umbrosus
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
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[1916.??.??]
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="142" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="142">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Nuvol" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nuvol umbrosus" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbrosus">Nuvol umbrosus</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Brotéria">Broteria</normalizedToken>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Zoológica">Zoologica</normalizedToken>
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) 14: 14-35 (description).
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<bibRefCitation author="Navas, L" journalOrPublisher="Revista do Museu Paulista" pageId="9" pageNumber="150" pagination="857 - 864" title="Insectos del Brasil. 3. a serie [IIIa]." volume="16" year="1929 a">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
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1929a
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 860 (as
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<taxonomicName genus="Newol" lsidName="Newol umbrosus" pageId="1" pageNumber="142" rank="species" species="umbrosus">" Newol " umbrosus</taxonomicName>
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, locality record);
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<bibRefCitation author="Navas, L" journalOrPublisher="Memorias de la [Real] Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural" pageId="9" pageNumber="150" pagination="315 - 322" title="Insectos Neuropteros del Museo de Hamburgo." volume="15" year="1929 b">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
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1929b
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 319 (locality record);
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<bibRefCitation author="Penny, ND" journalOrPublisher="Acta Amazonica" pageId="9" pageNumber="150" pagination="1 - 61" title="Lista de Megaloptera, Neuroptera e Raphidioptera do Mexico, America Central, ilhas Caraibas e America do Sul." volume="7" year="1977">Penny 1977</bibRefCitation>
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: 28 (species list);
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<bibRefCitation author="Brooks, SJ" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History, Entomology" pageId="9" pageNumber="150" pagination="117 - 286" title="The green lacewings of the world: a generic review (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)." volume="59" year="1990">Brooks and Barnard 1990</bibRefCitation>
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: 251 (taxonomy);
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<bibRefCitation author="Oswald, JD" journalOrPublisher="Memorias de la [Real] Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural" pageId="9" pageNumber="150" title="Neuropterida Species of the World" url="http://lacewing.tamu.edu/species-catalogue/" year="2013">Oswald 2013</bibRefCitation>
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(catalog listing).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="142" type="type">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="142">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="142">
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The original description states that the type specimen was collected in "Rio de Janeiro, Febrero de 1912" and that it was retained in the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
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collection. The specimen is not reported to be in the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
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collection now (Monserrat 1995).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="142">
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At some time, a neotype should be designated for this species. However, we are not doing so with either of the two extant specimens because: (1) They are both from the Amazonian region of Brazil, far removed from the type locality - the Atlantic Forest region of Rio de Janeiro. (2) Our specimens are both females; the sexes of the previously described species are unknown. (3) Our specimens both differ significantly from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Navás’">Navas'</normalizedToken>
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illustration and description in aspects of the fore and hind wing venation (discussed below). Thus, until male and female specimens from near the type locality are available for comparison, we consider it prudent to withhold from designating a neotype.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="144" pageId="2" pageNumber="143" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="143">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="143" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="143">General (Fig. 1): Body slender, yellowish or greenish brown, with elongate, slender antennae typical of leucochrysines, wings hyaline, marked with conspicuous brown to golden bands. Head (Figs 1, 2a, b, 3): Vertex yellowish green, with light reddish markings laterally, along eyes; surface slightly rough, somewhat raised posteriorly. Frons, clypeus white with lateral margins dark red; gena dark red. Labial palpus, maxillary palpus cream colored, without marks. Antenna cream colored, without markings. Scape elongate, relatively large, close mesally; flagellar segments (beyond basal section of flagellum) elongate, each with four swirls of robust, acute setae (Fig. 1b). Measurements: head width (dorsal) 1.7 mm, ratio of head width to eye width 2.0; distance between eyes (frontal) 0.78 mm; distance between tentorial pits 0.57 mm; length midantenna to midway between tentorial pits 0.53 mm; antenna length 31-35 mm; scape length 0.48 mm, width, 0.38 mm; basal two flagellomeres 0.1 mm long, 0.1 mm wide; flagellomeres at 1/3 distance to antennal tip 0.21 mm long, 0.07 mm wide. Thorax (Fig. 3c, d): Prothorax slightly wider than long (length 0.92 mm, width 1.27 mm), yellowish green mesally, with broad, red to brown longitudinal bands laterally, with elongate, golden setae laterally. Mesothorax, metathorax mostly yellowish green mesally, brown laterally, with fine golden setae dorsolaterally. Legs pale, without markings, with numerous light brown to amber setae; tarsal claws with broad, dilated base, deep narrow cleft (Fig. 1c).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="143">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="143">
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Figure 1.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Nuvol" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nuvol umbrosus" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbrosus">Nuvol umbrosus</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
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adult: a habitus, lateral b antennomeres ~ 1/3 distance from base of antenna c mesotarsal claw (Brazil,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Rondônia">Rondonia</normalizedToken>
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, CAT).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="143">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="143">
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Figure 2.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Nuvol" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nuvol umbrosus" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbrosus">Nuvol umbrosus</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
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adult: a habitus, lateral b head, frontolateral c head, thorax, dorsal (Brazil, Amazonas, FS).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="143">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="143">
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Figure 3.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Nuvol" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nuvol umbrosus" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbrosus">Nuvol umbrosus</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
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adult: a head, frontal b head, prothorax, lateral c head, thorax, dorsal d head, prothorax, dorsal (Brazil,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Rondônia">Rondonia</normalizedToken>
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, color faded, CAT).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="144" pageId="2" pageNumber="143">
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Wings (Fig. 4): Forewing 14.8-15.8 mm long, 5.1-5.5 mm wide (at widest point); ratio of length: maximum width = 2.9:1. Costal area relatively narrow; tallest costal cell (#6-8) 0.8 mm tall, 1.4-1.8 times width, height 0.17-0.15 times width of wing (midwing). First intramedian cell ovate, height (along median arculus) 0.33 mm, width 2.5-2.6 times height, 0.65-0.66 times width of third median cell. First radial crossvein distal to origin of radial sector (Rs); radial area (between radius and Rs) with single row of 15 closed cells; tallest cell (#6-8) 1.3-1.5 times taller than wide. Base of subcosta, upper media, lower media slightly crassate, other longitudinal veins robust; 4 b cells (= cells beneath Rs, not including an inner gradate vein). Seven to nine discrete inner gradates in irregular pattern, outer gradates apparently aligned with distal vein
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="144" start="start">lets</pageBreakToken>
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in smooth, curved line paralleling margin of wing from tip of pseudomedia (Psm) to tip of Rs. Height of fourth gradate cell 2.9-3.9 times width. Six to seven
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<normalizedToken originalValue="b’">b'</normalizedToken>
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cells (cells beneath Psm after second intramedian cell). Four intracubital cells (three or four closed). Subcosta, radial sector forked apically; almost all other apical veins unforked. Membrane with four large, conspicuous yellow to brown marks; stigma with dark brown marks basally, distally. Veins mostly pale, except under markings. Hindwing 13.1-13.8 mm long, 4.1-4.3 mm wide. Six discrete inner gradates, outer gradates similar to those of forewing; 13-15 radial cells (counted from origin of radius, not false origin). Five large b cells (no small
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“t”">"t"</normalizedToken>
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cell); six
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<normalizedToken originalValue="b’">b'</normalizedToken>
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cells beyond second intramedian cell; two intracubital cells (one closed). Membrane with yellow to light brown marks, similar to those on forewing; stigma with single dark brown mark basally. Veins pale except near stigmal marking.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="144">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="144">
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Figure 4.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Nuvol" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nuvol umbrosus" order="Neuroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbrosus">Nuvol umbrosus</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
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wings: a, c, d, e, f Brazil,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Rondônia">Rondonia</normalizedToken>
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, CAT b Brazil, Amazonas, FS. Note the unforked apical veinlets, markings, radius turning downward at tip, forewing with four intracubital cells. b1 first upper Banksian cell
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<normalizedToken originalValue="b’">b'</normalizedToken>
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1 first lower Banksian cell icu2, icu4 second and fourth intracubital cells im2 second intramedian cell i.g. inner gradate series m3 third median cell ma median arculus (base of first intramedian cell) Psm pseudomedia R radius Rs radial sector rf origin of radial sector rx1 first radial crossvein Sc subcosta.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="144" type="male">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="144">Male.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="144">Unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="147" pageId="4" pageNumber="145" type="female">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="145">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="145" start="start">Female</pageBreakToken>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="147" pageId="4" pageNumber="145">
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(Figs 5-7): Abdomen with spiracles simple (Fig. 5e); callus cerci round, brown to black, heavily sclerotized (INPA specimen), located dorsally on T9+ect, with 28-32 trichobothria stemming from irregularly spaced sockets (Fig. 5c, f); ninth tergite (T9) and ectoproct fused, but invaginated distally (Fig. 5a); T9+ect completely divided dorsally by deep groove (Fig. 5d). Praegenitale absent. Colleterial complex (Fig. 6b) with elongate, delicate gland, apparently with scattered particles; reservoir
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="146" start="start">sperical</pageBreakToken>
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, with colliculate, membranous surface, extending apically only into ectoproct; transverse sclerite delicate, membranous, with small, elongate teeth. Spermathecal complex (Fig. 6a) simple; spermatheca pillbox-shaped with small to moderate, V-shaped invagination; spermathecal duct elongate (~2.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–3×">-3x</normalizedToken>
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width of spermatheca), curvy, covered with fine, hair-like, glandular ducts throughout distal ~2/3 of duct, longest and most dense distally, becoming thinner to absent basally; velum small, connecting directly to bursal duct; bursal duct leathery, elongate, bent, extending posteriorly to bursa copulatrix; bursa membranous, with two narrow glands. Subgenitale (Fig. 7) large, leathery, almost as broad as tip of S7, composed of upper and lower sections
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="147" start="start">extending</pageBreakToken>
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distally from relatively deep fold at tip of S7, well beyond sternite; lower section triangular (ventral view), slightly concave, with paired distal lobes extending posteriorly as a knob (lateral view), lobes separated by small, mesal groove; upper section of subgenitale dense, especially laterally, slightly convex, folded above and connected basally to lower section.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="147">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="147">
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Figure 5.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Nuvol" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nuvol umbrosus" order="Neuroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbrosus">Nuvol umbrosus</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
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female abdomen. a, b terminal segments, lateral c callus cerci and trichobothria d ninth tergite and ectoproct, dorsal, divided by deep groove e seventh pleuron and sternite, showing spiracle and texture of integument f callus cerci [a, c, d, e: Brazil,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Rondônia">Rondonia</normalizedToken>
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, CAT; b, f: Brazil, Amazonas, FS]. a anus c.c. callus cerci g.l. gonapophysis lateralis sg subgenitale sp spermatheca sp.d. spermathecal duct S7 seventh sternite T7 seventh tergite T9+e fused ninth tergite and ectoproct.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="147">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="147">
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Figure 6.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Nuvol" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nuvol umbrosus" order="Neuroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbrosus">Nuvol umbrosus</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
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female genitalia. a spermathecal complex b colleterial complex [Brazil,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Rondônia">Rondonia</normalizedToken>
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, CAT]. b.c. bursa copulatrix b.gl. bursal gland col.d. colleterial duct col.gl. colleterial gland col.res. colleterial reservoir inv invagination sp spermatheca sp.d. spermathecal duct vel velum.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="147">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="147">
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Figure 7.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Nuvol" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nuvol umbrosus" order="Neuroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbrosus">Nuvol umbrosus</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
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female genitalia. a, b spermathecal complex and subgenitale, lateral c, d subgenitale, ventral [a, c Brazil, Amazonas, FS b, d Brazil,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Rondônia">Rondonia</normalizedToken>
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, CAT]. l.l. lower layer of subgenitale sg subgenitale sp spermatheca sp.d. spermathecal duct S7 seventh sternite u.l. upper layer of subgenitale.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="148" type="larvae">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="148">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="148" start="start">Larvae</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="148">Unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="148" type="biology">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="148">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="148">Unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="148" type="variation">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="148">Variation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="148">
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Other than differences in color, the two Amazonian specimens examined are very similar to each other, and we are confident that they are conspecific. The coloration of the specimen from Amazonas (INPA) appears deeper than the one from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Rondônia">Rondonia</normalizedToken>
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(USU) that might be slightly teneral.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |