450 lines
30 KiB
XML
450 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.82.67685" ID-GBIF-Dataset="11509077-dca2-4158-bc66-71c95691dd9e" ID-PMC="PMC8384826" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-82-159" ID-Pensoft-UUID="05C011FCFF425AFA88EF574B72892E34" ID-PubMed="34475801" ModsDocID="1314-4049-82-159" checkinTime="1629294907852" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Paez, Carolina Pina, Healy, Rosanne A., Guevara, Gonzalo, Orijel, Roberto Garibay, Castellano, Michael A., Cazares, Efren & Trappe, James M." docDate="2021" docId="C5613BB50DBC50578AD8AD05D8587F1E" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 82: 159-171" docOrigin="MycoKeys 82" docPubDate="2021-08-17" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.82.67685" docTitle="Pachyphlodes brunnea Guevara, Pina Paez & Healy 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="05C011FCFF425AFA88EF574B72892E34" lastPageNumber="159" masterDocId="05C011FCFF425AFA88EF574B72892E34" masterDocTitle="Greetings from belowground: two new species of truffles in the genus Pachyphlodes (Pezizaceae, Pezizales) from Mexico" masterLastPageNumber="171" masterPageNumber="159" pageNumber="159" updateTime="1668136693017" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Greetings from belowground: two new species of truffles in the genus Pachyphlodes (Pezizaceae, Pezizales) from Mexico</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Paez, Carolina Pina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2009-6703</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Tercer Circuito s / n, Ciudad Universitaria Delegacion Coyoacan, C. P. 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico & Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, 97331, Oregon, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Healy, Rosanne A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida. 2550 Hull Rd, Gainesville, 32607, Florida, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Guevara, Gonzalo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2707-4531</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Instituto Tecnologico de Ciudad Victoria. Av. Portes Gil 1301 Poniente, C. P. 87010 Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Orijel, Roberto Garibay</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Tercer Circuito s / n, Ciudad Universitaria Delegacion Coyoacan, C. P. 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">rgaribay@ib.unam.mx</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Castellano, Michael A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 3200 Jefferson Way, Corvallis, 97331, Oregon, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cazares, Efren</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, 97331, Oregon, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Trappe, James M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 3200 Jefferson Way, Corvallis, 97331, Oregon, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>MycoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-08-17</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>82</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>159</mods:start>
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<mods:end>171</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.82.67685</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.82.67685</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049-82-159</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">05C011FCFF425AFA88EF574B72892E34</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="184587209" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C5613BB50DBC50578AD8AD05D8587F1E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C5613BB50DBC50578AD8AD05D8587F1E" lastPageNumber="159" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="159" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
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<taxonomicName LSID="C5613BB5-0DBC-5057-8AD8-AD05D8587F1E" authority="Guevara, Piña Páez & Healy" authorityName="Guevara, Pina Paez & Healy" authorityYear="2021" class="Pezizomycetes" family="Pezizaceae" genus="Pachyphlodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pachyphlodes brunnea" order="Pezizales" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="brunnea" status="sp. nov.">
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Pachyphlodes brunnea Guevara,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Piña">Pina</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Páez">Paez</normalizedToken>
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& Healy
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="159">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="159" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Pachyphlodes brunnea (Holotype: ITCV 896) a ascoma dried b gleba in cross-section c peridium in cross-section, showing a wart composed of isodiametric cells d light microscopy of asci and spores e, f SEM microscopy of spores in surface view. Scale bars: 3 mm (a, b), 20 µm (c, d), 5 µm (e, f)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.82.67685.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/578447" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Fig. 2a-d</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="159" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
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<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2006-11-11" collectorName="de Microondas, Schlecht., Cham., G. Guevara" country="Mexico" elevation="1549" latitude="23.616667" location="Torre de Microondas" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-99.24194" municipality="Ciudad Victoria" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tamaulipas" typeStatus="holotype">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="México">
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<collectingCountry name="Mexico">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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</normalizedToken>
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,
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<collectingRegion country="Mexico" name="Tamaulipas">Tamaulipas</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Ciudad Victoria</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C5613BB50DBC50578AD8AD05D8587F1E:13AD7C86F61DCEAD6E1C196EA760C6DD" country="Mexico" latitude="23.616667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-99.24194" municipality="Ciudad Victoria" name="Torre de Microondas" stateProvince="Tamaulipas">
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Torre
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<collectorName>de Microondas</collectorName>
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</location>
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"Las Mulas",
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<geoCoordinate degrees="23" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="23.616667">23°37'00"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="west" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="31" value="-99.24194">99°14'31"W</geoCoordinate>
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, alt.
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.549" unit="m" value="1549.0">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.549" unit="m" value="1549.0">1549 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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, under
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus polymorpha" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polymorpha">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Quercus polymorpha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<collectorName>Schlecht.</collectorName>
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&
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<collectorName>Cham.</collectorName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Quercus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. and
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Juglans" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Juglans" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Juglans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp., hypogeous, solitary or in groups of 2,
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<collectingDate value="2006-11-11">11 November 2006</collectingDate>
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, col.
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<collectorName>G. Guevara</collectorName>
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(
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<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
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: ITCV 896)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="159" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Guevara, Pina Paez & Healy" authorityYear="2021" class="Pezizomycetes" family="Pezizaceae" genus="Pachyphlodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pachyphlodes brunnea" order="Pezizales" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="brunnea">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Pachyphlodes brunnea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is be recognized by the dark brown ascomata and two-layered. Thick (474-570
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) peridium, white gleba when immature, spores ornamented with capitate columns growing under
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Quercus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and with an odor similar to raw potatoes.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="159" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
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Latin,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Guevara, Pina Paez & Healy" authorityYear="2021" class="Pezizomycetes" family="Pezizaceae" genus="Pachyphlodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pachyphlodes brunnea" order="Pezizales" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="brunnea">Pachyphlodes brunnea</taxonomicName>
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in reference to the brown peridium.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="159" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Ascomata</emphasis>
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subglobose to ovoid, 15-17
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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10-15 mm, surface dry, with an irregular basal depression, surface dark brown when fresh (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Pachyphlodes brunnea (Holotype: ITCV 896) a ascoma dried b gleba in cross-section c peridium in cross-section, showing a wart composed of isodiametric cells d light microscopy of asci and spores e, f SEM microscopy of spores in surface view. Scale bars: 3 mm (a, b), 20 µm (c, d), 5 µm (e, f)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.82.67685.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/578447" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">2a</figureCitation>
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), with geometric, angular, or pyramidal warts 1 mm wide, with flattened, elevated, or rounded top. Gleba solid (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Pachyphlodes brunnea (Holotype: ITCV 896) a ascoma dried b gleba in cross-section c peridium in cross-section, showing a wart composed of isodiametric cells d light microscopy of asci and spores e, f SEM microscopy of spores in surface view. Scale bars: 3 mm (a, b), 20 µm (c, d), 5 µm (e, f)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.82.67685.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/578447" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">2b</figureCitation>
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), marbled with white sterile veins separating brownish, fertile tissue, overall brownish when dried. Odor of corn starch-like or of raw potatoes.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/mycokeys.82.67685.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/578447" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Guevara, Pina Paez & Healy" authorityYear="2021" class="Pezizomycetes" family="Pezizaceae" genus="Pachyphlodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pachyphlodes brunnea" order="Pezizales" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="brunnea">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Pachyphlodes brunnea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Holotype: ITCV 896)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">a</emphasis>
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ascoma dried
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">b</emphasis>
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gleba in cross-section
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">c</emphasis>
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peridium in cross-section, showing a wart composed of isodiametric cells
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">d</emphasis>
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light microscopy of asci and spores
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">e, f</emphasis>
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SEM microscopy of spores in surface view. Scale bars: 3 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">a, b</emphasis>
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), 20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">c, d</emphasis>
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), 5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">e, f</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Peridium</emphasis>
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of two layers. Outer peridium 125-570
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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thick, of textura angularis, with warts up to 300-500 (-800)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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high, outermost cells up to 42
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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broad, some ventricose or irregular, radial arrangement in some areas, walls 2-3 (-5)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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thick, reddish-brown to orange-brown in 5% KOH, innermost cells up to 10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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broad, walls 1-2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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thick, hyaline in 3% KOH. Inner peridium 120-500 (-700)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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thick, composed of hyaline, septate, interwoven hyphae (textura intricata), 5-12
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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broad, thin-walled 1-2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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thick.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Asci</emphasis>
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8-spored, clavate, subclavate, subfusoid or irregular, 120-238
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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30-45
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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including pedicel, hyaline in 5% KOH, walls 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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thick, asci are scattered.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Paraphyses</emphasis>
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not detected.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Ascospores</emphasis>
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irregularly biseriate to uniseriate, hyaline in 5% KOH, globose, including ornamentation 18-22
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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broad, mean = 20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; excluding ornamentation 12-18 (-20)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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broad, mean = 15
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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. Ornamentation averaging 1.5 (-2.0)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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high, capitate columns, consisting of columns with a boarder, rounded tip.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="159" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
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Known only from northeastern
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<normalizedToken originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
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(Tamaulipas, Nuevo Leon). Ascomata hypogeous always associated with
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus polymorpha" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polymorpha">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Quercus polymorpha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and DNA (JN102443) of this species were recovered from sampled roots of oak (JN102443) from Chipinque National Park in Nuevo
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<normalizedToken originalValue="León">Leon</normalizedToken>
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. No DNA sequences of this species were found in soil in central or southern
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<normalizedToken originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="159" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Mexico" location="Torre de Microondas" municipality="Ciudad Victoria" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tamaulipas">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="México">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Mexico">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Mexico" name="Tamaulipas">Tamaulipas</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Ciudad Victoria</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C5613BB50DBC50578AD8AD05D8587F1E:0A3130E1A758D0D3D70705FBFAA487FB" country="Mexico" municipality="Ciudad Victoria" name="Torre de Microondas" stateProvince="Tamaulipas">Torre de Microondas</location>
|
||
"Las Mulas"
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="23" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="23.616667">23°37'00"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="west" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="31" value="-99.24194">99°14'31"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, alt.
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.549" unit="m" value="1549.0">1549 m</quantity>
|
||
, under
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus polymorpha" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polymorpha">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Quercus polymorpha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Quercus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Juglans" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Juglans" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Juglans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp., hypogeous, solitary or in pairs,
|
||
<date value="2006-11-11">November 11, 2006</date>
|
||
, col. G. Guevara (ITCV 891; No ITS); Carretera Victoria, El Madrono,
|
||
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="MT461399" collectingDate="2008-08-01" collectorName="G. Bonito, GenBank" country="Mexico" elevation="1460" latitude="23.600834" location="Liebm." longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-99.21889" municipality="Trel." specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tamaulipas">
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="23" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="3" value="23.600834">23°36'3"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="west" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="8" value="-99.21889">99°13'8"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, alt.
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.46" unit="m" value="1460.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.46" unit="m" value="1460.0">1460 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, under
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus canbyi" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canbyi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Quercus canbyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Trel.</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Q. polymorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" rank="species" species="polymorpha">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Q. polymorpha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Q. laeta" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" rank="species" species="laeta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Q. laeta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C5613BB50DBC50578AD8AD05D8587F1E:FCCC8E6194D2DDB4EE11AB665935B814" country="Mexico" latitude="23.600834" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-99.21889" municipality="Trel." name="Liebm." stateProvince="Tamaulipas">Liebm.</location>
|
||
, hypogeous,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2008-08-01">August 1, 2008</collectingDate>
|
||
, col.
|
||
<collectorName>G. Bonito</collectorName>
|
||
(JT32623;
|
||
<collectorName>GenBank</collectorName>
|
||
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/MT461399">MT461399</accessionNumber>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="EU427551" collectingDate="1983-09-14" collectorName="El Cercado, J. Garcia, GenBank" country="Mexico" location="Municipio de Santiago" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nuevo Leon">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Mexico" name="Nuevo Leon">
|
||
Nuevo
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="León">Leon</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C5613BB50DBC50578AD8AD05D8587F1E:637414FDB5B98D5AB266D42FF0B4FE64" country="Mexico" name="Municipio de Santiago" stateProvince="Nuevo Leon">Municipio de Santiago</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>El Cercado</collectorName>
|
||
<collectingDate value="1983-09-14">September 14, 1983</collectingDate>
|
||
, col
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
J.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
(UNL 3757;
|
||
<collectorName>GenBank</collectorName>
|
||
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/EU427551">EU427551</accessionNumber>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="159" type="taxonomic comments">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Taxonomic comments.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
|
||
The ITS sequences of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Guevara, Pina Paez & Healy" authorityYear="2021" class="Pezizomycetes" family="Pezizaceae" genus="Pachyphlodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pachyphlodes brunnea" order="Pezizales" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="brunnea">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Pachyphlodes brunnea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="P. marronina" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" rank="species" species="marronina">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. marronina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(97.79% of identity and 12 nucleotide differences in ITS region), which is why it was originally described as
|
||
<taxonomicName kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="P. marronina" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" rank="species" species="marronina">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. marronina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the peridium color and geographic location of these two species differ considerably. Spore ornamentation also separates them. The fresh peridium of
|
||
<taxonomicName kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="P. marronina" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" rank="species" species="marronina">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. marronina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is red with indistinct warts, while that of
|
||
<taxonomicName kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="P. brunnea" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" rank="species" species="brunnea">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. brunnea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is dark brown with distinct angular warts. The angular to pyramidal warts in the peridium of
|
||
<taxonomicName kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="P. brunnea" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" rank="species" species="brunnea">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. brunnea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
aretaller (300-800
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
) than the lower, indistinct warts on
|
||
<taxonomicName kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="P. marronina" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" rank="species" species="marronina">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. marronina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(160-270
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
). The spines in
|
||
<taxonomicName kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="P. marronina" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" rank="species" species="marronina">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. marronina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are taller (1.5-3.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
) than
|
||
<taxonomicName kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="P. brunnea" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" rank="species" species="brunnea">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. brunnea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(1.5-2.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
), conferring a different aspect to the spores overall (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Pachyphlodes brunnea (Holotype: ITCV 896) a ascoma dried b gleba in cross-section c peridium in cross-section, showing a wart composed of isodiametric cells d light microscopy of asci and spores e, f SEM microscopy of spores in surface view. Scale bars: 3 mm (a, b), 20 µm (c, d), 5 µm (e, f)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.82.67685.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/578447" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">2e, f</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Guevara, Pina Paez & Healy" authorityYear="2021" class="Pezizomycetes" family="Pezizaceae" genus="Pachyphlodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pachyphlodes brunnea" order="Pezizales" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="brunnea">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Pachyphlodes brunnea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
superficially resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="P. melanoxantha" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" rank="species" species="melanoxantha">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. melanoxantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Tul. & C. Tul. ex Berk.) Doweld and
|
||
<taxonomicName kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="P. annagardnerae" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" rank="species" species="annagardnerae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. annagardnerae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
R.A. Healy & M.E. Sm., but the latter two are black to the unaided eye, purple under transmitted light, have acute tipped spiny spores, and
|
||
<taxonomicName kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="P. melanoxantha" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" rank="species" species="melanoxantha">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. melanoxantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is said to have a nauseous odor (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/03745484409442617" author="Berkeley, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Mycorrhiza" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" refId="B2" refString="Berkeley, MJ, 1844. XLII - Notices of British Fungi, Annals and Magazine of Natural History 13: 1-85. [340-36]. https://doi.org/10.1080/03745484409442617" title="XLII - Notices of British Fungi, Annals and Magazine of Natural History 13: 1 - 85. [340 - 36]." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/03745484409442617" year="1844">Berkeley 1844</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In contrast,
|
||
<taxonomicName kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="P. brunnea" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" rank="species" species="brunnea">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. brunnea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is dark brown to the unaided eye, yellowish-brown under transmitted light, and has a pure white gleba with capitate spore spines and a pleasant odor.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Pezizomycetes" family="Pezizaceae" genus="Pachyphlodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pachyphlodes annagardnerae" order="Pezizales" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="annagardnerae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Pachyphlodes annagardnerae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has no perceptible odor.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |