154 lines
19 KiB
XML
154 lines
19 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="05C476D96054B4A9DAF046DCDFB85A2C">Review of the perciform fish genus Symphysanodon Bleeker (Symphysanodontidae), with descriptions of three new species, S. mona, S. parini, and S. rhax.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BB58F53807D4011C9B52B485A18FD790">William D. Anderson, Jr.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="68BB470948092A7035A6004295A645A8">Victor G. Springer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="43B569D6CD52E066A74F9465B5522945">2005</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03B1C7718FD4DDEDA40E939E94FC5502" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6266864" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100119272" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6266864" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A50F8091-80D6-415D-8AAE-6DA1E0C34A6F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B1C7718FD4DDEDA40E939E94FC5502" lastPageNumber="16" pageNumber="11">
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<subSubSection id="0EC1F20DE312494E40D436630AA7C222" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="5D4B0E235A124FBCD3CB0F8D0EE0B74D" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName id="C713AF87A7AA1EB84509FB0502380BC9" ID-CoL="53QBB" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A50F8091-80D6-415D-8AAE-6DA1E0C34A6F" family="Symphysanodontidae" genus="Symphysanodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Symphysanodon parini Anderson & Springer 2005:11" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parini">Symphysanodon parini</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="9862B0DFCC198EC43A196114AE073C91" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AF4C06D284C130E8EE2F2AD6EC3A2D3B" pageNumber="11">
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Sala y
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<normalizedToken id="BB1CFBF75C400D41CD0DF3E917FF3669" originalValue="Gómez">Gomez</normalizedToken>
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Slopefish
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6EE88E8F3BF65B8FC182526A485AEABA" type="description">
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<paragraph id="B83DE8FC9FE6BEC768904E2E959C3B3D" pageNumber="11">(Figures 5-9; Tables 2, 3, 8, 9)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4AFF2E05CE00CCAE9A386047EABEE46C" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="136311D2B1D1EA70F8E493C5239E4CAD" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName id="5F0CF8BA3D90C745787EA0BF79263D4C" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2B84CC23-3EDF-44F3-BA95-63674788BB30" family="Symphysanodontidae" genus="Symphysanodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Symphysanodon maunaloae Anderson 1970:335" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maunaloae">Symphysanodon maunaloae</taxonomicName>
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(non Anderson, 1970): Kotylar and Parin, 1990: 114, fig. 6 (eastern South Pacific, Sala y
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<normalizedToken id="CE5294C57194FE0F0E231AA27C4F1F0A" originalValue="Gómez">Gomez</normalizedToken>
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Ridge; otolith morphology and age).-Parin, 1990: 21 (eastern South Pacific, Sala y
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<normalizedToken id="5EA93B026B31A708F97D0ABF210FA31D" originalValue="Gómez">Gomez</normalizedToken>
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Ridge).-Parin et al., 1990: 46 (eastern South Pacific, Sala y
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<normalizedToken id="1F2E69951BEEE26658C390209A2701C5" originalValue="Gómez">Gomez</normalizedToken>
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Ridge; feeding and trophic relationships).-Parin, 1991: 679, table 1 (eastern South Pacific, Sala y
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<normalizedToken id="605537918A2EA510F8595DA006D63759" originalValue="Gómez">Gomez</normalizedToken>
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Ridge).-Parin et al., 1997: 173 (eastern South Pacific, Sala y
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<normalizedToken id="6FC0A78FBC2F50508F172F4B336FE8E0" originalValue="Gómez">Gomez</normalizedToken>
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Ridge).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3135160FAE74DD8CD8348FFBEDD6D928" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="25BA3C99F695A6FC3BD1883CAEDE1764" pageNumber="11">
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Holotype: USNM 372776, 114 mm SL; Sala y
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<normalizedToken id="B1D682A6F36E1673F7310F78998E504E" originalValue="Gómez">Gomez</normalizedToken>
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Ridge, eastern South Pacific; 25°04’ S, 97°28’ W; 240-275 m; R/V PROFESSOR MESYATZEV trawl 41; 4 October 1984.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B3F49548ABB4C31AF58658621143EACC" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="BBEE7E99BBEFC73ACA7551A567C2D91D" pageNumber="11">Paratypes. USNM 375198, four specimens, 81-112 mm SL; IOAN uncatalogued, five specimens, 93-114 mm SL; all collected with the holotype.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="74B4B5EFF4D4570B7F2DF3DA64204780" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="1120E1D28B0DE17F232C35C2A39C916B" pageNumber="11">
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Diagnosis. A species of
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<taxonomicName id="CCE944B5F954441851A3BFBF154F263E" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F334D443-843F-494A-AC1A-947DDCBACA9F" family="Symphysanodontidae" genus="Symphysanodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Symphysanodon Bleeker 1878:60" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Symphysanodon</taxonomicName>
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(Figure 5) separable from all other species of the genus, except
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<taxonomicName id="D2BC0D77F607DAC01C84B79811CF467F" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2B84CC23-3EDF-44F3-BA95-63674788BB30" family="Symphysanodontidae" genus="Symphysanodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Symphysanodon maunaloae Anderson 1970:335" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maunaloae">S. maunaloae</taxonomicName>
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, by the following combination of characters: segmented rays in anal fin 7, tubed lateral-line scales 45-50, total gillrakers on first gill arch 31-34 (9 or 10 + 22-24), sum of lateral-line scales and gillrakers on individual specimens 77-84, depth of body 22.5-24.7 % SL (4.0-4.4 times in SL), length of depressed anal fin 24.8- 26.4 % SL, hypurals 1 & 2 autogenous, hypurals 3 & 4 represented by a single plate, and first caudal vertebra without parapophyses. It can be separated from
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<taxonomicName id="187504A21D0D74A30E2B3D7CCFA5C294" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2B84CC23-3EDF-44F3-BA95-63674788BB30" family="Symphysanodontidae" genus="Symphysanodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Symphysanodon maunaloae Anderson 1970:335" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maunaloae">S. maunaloae</taxonomicName>
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by differences in mean numbers of tubed lateral-line scales (mean = 47.89 for
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<taxonomicName id="02834F782F29770E32B6734935B92407" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A50F8091-80D6-415D-8AAE-6DA1E0C34A6F" family="Symphysanodontidae" genus="Symphysanodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Symphysanodon parini Anderson & Springer 2005:11" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parini">S. parini</taxonomicName>
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vs. mean = 44.94 for
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<taxonomicName id="DF6941B507B2B75559F4271D4C91EA4B" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2B84CC23-3EDF-44F3-BA95-63674788BB30" family="Symphysanodontidae" genus="Symphysanodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Symphysanodon maunaloae Anderson 1970:335" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maunaloae">S. maunaloae</taxonomicName>
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; see Table 2) and pectoral-fin rays (mean = 16.90 for
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<taxonomicName id="8C677726A9A7D4B903057A21CF83C406" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A50F8091-80D6-415D-8AAE-6DA1E0C34A6F" family="Symphysanodontidae" genus="Symphysanodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Symphysanodon parini Anderson & Springer 2005:11" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parini">S. parini</taxonomicName>
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vs. mean = 16.13 for
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<taxonomicName id="D447ADF405331B54A2961CA39EC0EDDE" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2B84CC23-3EDF-44F3-BA95-63674788BB30" family="Symphysanodontidae" genus="Symphysanodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Symphysanodon maunaloae Anderson 1970:335" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maunaloae">S. maunaloae</taxonomicName>
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; see Table 2) and by differences in certain morphometric characters (see Figures 6-8).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="594D1AC15686390834C1F86A13471FCB" type="description">
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<paragraph id="1B4A2F7F3F204D744B98625575BFB1EB" lastPageNumber="12" pageNumber="11">
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Description. The characters included in the combined description of
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<taxonomicName id="EAD30E0DFA791DE90B482C3B192EE1DE" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:225CA58F-2A6D-43EE-80D7-6A05F7A05273" family="Symphysanodontidae" genus="Symphysanodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Symphysanodon mona Anderson & Springer 2005:7" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mona">S. mona</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="5AA01F9F4F0B7669C4EF3011DA9C61A2" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A50F8091-80D6-415D-8AAE-6DA1E0C34A6F" family="Symphysanodontidae" genus="Symphysanodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Symphysanodon parini Anderson & Springer 2005:11" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parini">S. parini</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="000B89E11CC700A221072D4F069498F6" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:29BB4082-BB0D-48A2-8FDD-919107F1B13F" family="Symphysanodontidae" genus="Symphysanodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Symphysanodon rhax Anderson & Springer 2005:16" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhax">S. rhax</taxonomicName>
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and those presented in the species diagnosis form part of the species description. Counts for the holotype are indicated by asterisks. Dorsal-fin rays IX, 9 or 10* (10 in 9 of 10 specimens). Pectoral-fin rays 16-18 (17*). Procurrent caudal-fin rays 13 or 14* dorsally, 12-14 (13*) ventrally. Trisegmental pterygiophores 2*-4 associated with dorsal fin, 2* or 3 with anal fin. Epineurals associated with first 8* or 9 vertebrae (first 8 vertebrae in 9 of 10 specimens). Uroneurals 2 pairs.* Internarial distance contained6-8 times in snout length. Other morphometric data are presented in percentages of SL in Table 3.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="13B37ADFA9E819F70A8211A1E58B423C" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="C34484BB0F2A7184CB7F05D2702A4BE7" lastPageNumber="13" pageNumber="12">
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Comparisons of
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<taxonomicName id="C5658216646E77290CACD808EC822767" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A50F8091-80D6-415D-8AAE-6DA1E0C34A6F" family="Symphysanodontidae" genus="Symphysanodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Symphysanodon parini Anderson & Springer 2005:11" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parini">S. parini</taxonomicName>
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with other Pacific species of
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<taxonomicName id="00C7BC518EB4E49CA8459C367517EE9A" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F334D443-843F-494A-AC1A-947DDCBACA9F" family="Symphysanodontidae" genus="Symphysanodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Symphysanodon Bleeker 1878:60" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Symphysanodon</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="57584C7ED080E97C81BD9BDBAAE108BF" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A50F8091-80D6-415D-8AAE-6DA1E0C34A6F" family="Symphysanodontidae" genus="Symphysanodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Symphysanodon parini Anderson & Springer 2005:11" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parini">Symphysanodon parini</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="E69CF0267DABC367D305EE03131C37F6" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A73E9F22-A936-498A-A3B5-8116E5E25016" family="Symphysanodontidae" genus="Symphysanodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Symphysanodon katayamai Anderson 1970:333" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="katayamai">S. katayamai</taxonomicName>
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by its shallower body (depth of body 22-25 % SL vs. 27-31 % SL), shorter anal fin (length of depressed anal fin 25-26 % SL vs. 34-39 % SL), and smaller numbers of gillrakers (total on first gill arch 31-34 vs. 35-40) and lateral-line scales (45-50 vs. 50-52); from
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<taxonomicName id="4E29CAC47387CB18A07C508CE2113839" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:983939A2-1482-4638-ACA8-01C57A797FC1" family="Symphysanodontidae" genus="Symphysanodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Symphysanodon typus Bleeker 1878:61" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="typus">S. typus</taxonomicName>
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by its shorter anal fin (length of depressed anal fin 25-26 % SL vs. 27 ->34 % SL) and smaller numbers of gillrakers(total on first gill arch 31-34 vs. 36-40) and tubed lateral-line scales (45-50 vs. 49- 55); and from
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<taxonomicName id="CD4ACD1636743F8344821BAB33B258DD" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2B84CC23-3EDF-44F3-BA95-63674788BB30" family="Symphysanodontidae" genus="Symphysanodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Symphysanodon maunaloae Anderson 1970:335" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maunaloae">S. maunaloae</taxonomicName>
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by its larger mean numbers of tubed lateral-line scales (mean = 47.89 vs. mean = 44.94; see Table 2) and pectoral-fin rays (mean = 16.90 vs. mean = 16.13; see Table 2) and by its shallower caudal peduncle and shorter second and third anal -fin spines (see Figures 6-8).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="48BBBB1BD5D657FC43AA68BFF326B99A" type="description">
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<paragraph id="899A09EDF76D665EDA9AC55BF2321414" lastPageNumber="15" pageNumber="14">
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Sexuality and sexual dimorphism. Histological examination of the gonads of all available specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="466E0E4CAB101235F6830B9EF1853AE7" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A50F8091-80D6-415D-8AAE-6DA1E0C34A6F" family="Symphysanodontidae" genus="Symphysanodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Symphysanodon parini Anderson & Springer 2005:11" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parini">S. parini</taxonomicName>
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showed that nine individuals (81-114 mm SL) are males and one (98 mm SL) is a female with no indication of hermaphroditism. In our limited sample size we found no evidence of sexual dimorphism. This contrasts with the situation in
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<taxonomicName id="C75A34F9E7D3F5EF894738CB9AF0B73B" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2B84CC23-3EDF-44F3-BA95-63674788BB30" family="Symphysanodontidae" genus="Symphysanodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Symphysanodon maunaloae Anderson 1970:335" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maunaloae">S. maunaloae</taxonomicName>
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which seems to show distinct differences between the sexes in lengths of pelvic fins and caudal-fin lobes (see below). The absence of obvious sexual dimorphism in external morphology may be an additional character distinguishing
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<taxonomicName id="366C3DCCD386270D6A3F5B27AE7D2DD8" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A50F8091-80D6-415D-8AAE-6DA1E0C34A6F" family="Symphysanodontidae" genus="Symphysanodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Symphysanodon parini Anderson & Springer 2005:11" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parini">parini</taxonomicName>
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from
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<taxonomicName id="ED1CB29835A4726034A3F015E36574BE" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2B84CC23-3EDF-44F3-BA95-63674788BB30" family="Symphysanodontidae" genus="Symphysanodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Symphysanodon maunaloae Anderson 1970:335" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maunaloae">maunaloae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4FE312CAB69A553DD4994B813DF38246" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="08FD6CCFCC7EFCC5B3E7E183DB489EC3" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Distribution. Known only from the Sala y
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B34B5E427621D421B74A8B4E73FE81A5" originalValue="Gómez">Gomez</normalizedToken>
|
||
Ridge, eastern South Pacific (Figure9). The type specimens were collected in 240-275 m; Parin et al. (1997: 173) reported this species from depths of 240-300 m.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4660B3D725866ACF7D6F206116B84324" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="D4A722107AC5BBE89090FCFADB8C4B6E" pageNumber="16">Etymology. We are pleased to name this species for N.V. Parin of the P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, who provided the material on which the description is based and who has been of invaluable assistance to us and other ichthyologists for many years.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |