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<document id="4D240C28C03FD3CA2A119C0D12C288AE" ID-CLB-Dataset="3175" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5072.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a5454a8b-04cd-4cc6-ae0b-f13f31a7af34" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5744549" ID-ZooBank="CAB2C8C4-E0A4-4805-9DEB-94769C2F90EB" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1638283643950" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mahecha-J, Oscar, Florczyk, Klaudia, Willmott, Keith, Cerdeña, José, Zubek, Anna, Boyer, Pierre, Farfán, Jackie, Lachowska-Cierlik, Dorota &amp; Pyrcz, Tomasz W." docDate="2021" docId="864387EE113E725CF8A10EC48065262D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5072.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5072 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Manerebia punku Pyrcz &amp; Farfan 2021, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="216" masterDocId="7A7AFF9611307253F836080285142354" masterDocTitle="Solving the cryptic diversity of the genus Manerebia Staudinger in northern Peru description of new species and considerations on the biogeographical role of the Huancabamba Deflection (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Pronophilina)" masterLastPageNumber="237" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="215" updateTime="1699471567071" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="DFDBE53711C605426B3DEEEB1853C415">Solving the cryptic diversity of the genus Manerebia Staudinger in northern Peru description of new species and considerations on the biogeographical role of the Huancabamba Deflection (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Pronophilina)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="13059660DC002681EE497A2CB6CC4505">Mahecha-J, Oscar</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FD48843F93882403ACB2C754DE7F4D7C">Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland. &amp; Instituto de Ciencias Naturales ICN / Laboratorio de Ecología del Paisaje y Modelación de Ecosistemas ECOLMOD, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Carrera 30 No. 45 - 03, Bogotá D. C., Colombia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="239FA8A41C15A51B64F9C600FE893D3D">Florczyk, Klaudia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E32B0D97D3AB83A8413588D58C97A716">Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland. &amp; klaudia. florczyk @ uj. edu. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5731 - 8605</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="47A93497EFF7CC9DC9418B13648FB166">Willmott, Keith</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9F2996B0B8A34DB7A3926223EB61E3D5">Florida Natural History Museum, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3920197FCE4227E39EA0A8A673F77143">Cerdeña, José</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6D4ED07B467E6656E4012BA8CF2D357B">Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Museo de Historia Natural, Av. Alcides Carrión s / n, Escuela de Biología UNSA, Arequipa, Perú. &amp; cerdenajoseal @ yahoo. es; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3930 - 6480</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="910396ABB8936EE42E64263511C622A4">Zubek, Anna</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="127C733FF02731AA5C1222AE8570CE4F">Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland. &amp; anna. zubek @ uj. edu. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3663 - 522 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="E6DF1BC82447C9A19BD4A1D9BB749B7A">Lotissement l’Horizon, 13610, Le Puy Sainte Réparade, France. pierdom @ aliceadsl. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2285DF7CE50D2716B59BBED951DB80C7">Farfán, Jackie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BFC911C4FB149C4E36B46831D82DECE4">Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Museo de Historia Natural, Av. Alcides Carrión s / n, Escuela de Biología UNSA, Arequipa, Perú. &amp; jjackie 4 u @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5913 - 0756</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="08B114114CF50FAD8A50C96A7FA15D85">Lachowska-Cierlik, Dorota</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="403C607CD0F83BA44EF4A15F4E5EE789">Department of Invertebrate Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland &amp; dorota. lachowska-cierlik @ uj. edu. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9072 - 1677</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6B40E8DE62224ED003432AC1975EB9FC">Pyrcz, Tomasz W.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A66A45F780396F6E7C3EC90C9DCA824E" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4822-0670</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="72BE3FAA7780F8B3A37A8362163ED6C2">Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland. &amp; Department of Invertebrate Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland &amp; tomasz. pyrcz @ uj. edu. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4822 - 0670</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="78809F079E317C8C9DEE036547D613B7" type="email">tomasz.pyrcz@uj.edu.pl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="0C2E7E35269B125C34E0DC06DBE6E8E2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="288070B2E581DC3097C4F2ACF6E3E0DC">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7E6E6AE3B195ECD2B5E95F84BB37312E">2021-11-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="31CE3FAB685E4BE9DE82910D784C50BF">5072</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="464CC74D136DE9023851D31DBBBFD444" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5072.3.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="864387EE113E725CF8A10EC48065262D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744581" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190874979" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5744581" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:864387EE113E725CF8A10EC48065262D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/864387EE113E725CF8A10EC48065262D" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="216" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
<subSubSection id="46F06573113E725DF8A10EC4879A25B5" box="[151,654,1734,1761]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="0E5536F8113E725DF8A10EC4879A25B5" blockId="14.[151,654,1734,1797]" box="[151,654,1734,1761]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
<heading id="551D8194113E725DF8A10EC4879A25B5" bold="true" box="[151,654,1734,1761]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" reason="1">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113E725DF8A10EC4879A25B5" bold="true" box="[151,654,1734,1761]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B113E725DF8A10EC4872A25B5" authority="Pyrcz &amp; Farfan" authorityName="Pyrcz &amp; Farfan" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,574,1734,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punku" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113E725DF8A10EC4846525B5" bold="true" box="[151,369,1734,1761]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Manerebia punku</emphasis>
Pyrcz &amp; Farfán
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,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27AD5791113E725DFA7D0EC5879A25B5" box="[587,654,1735,1761]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="46F06573113E725DF8A10EE984062451" box="[151,274,1771,1797]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" type="description">
<paragraph id="0E5536F8113E725DF8A10EE984062451" blockId="14.[151,654,1734,1797]" box="[151,274,1771,1797]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
(
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D113E725DF8A90EE985FA2451" box="[159,238,1771,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1851,1875]" captionTargetBox="[244,1313,196,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-21@9.[216,1371,181,1827]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Adults (left—dorsum, right—venter) A. M. punku n. sp. ♂ Holotype, Peru, Abra de Porculla B. M. punku n. sp. ♂ form, Paratype, Peru, Abra de Porculla C. M. huamanii n. sp. ♂ Holotype, Peru, Tres Ríos D. M. huamanii n. sp. ♂ form Paratype, between Las Minas and El Tambo" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744555" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744555/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D113E725DF8CD0EE9841E2451" box="[251,266,1771,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox="[216,1381,183,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-23@18.[178,1410,181,1831]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male genitalia (top—lateral view, middle—plan view, bottom—aedeagus extracted, lateral view) A. M. ronda n. sp., Peru, Salhuindo, prep. genit. KF-1571 B. M. ronda amplia n. ssp., Peru, Pucara, prep. genit. KF-1572 C. M. punku n. sp., Peru, Abra de Porculla, prep. genit. KF-1613 D. M. prattorum udima n. ssp., Peru, La Florida, prep. genit. KF-1472" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744565" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744565/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">7</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="46F06573113E725DF8A10F3186022419" box="[151,790,1842,1869]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0E5536F8113E725DF8A10F3186022419" blockId="14.[151,1437,1842,2013]" box="[151,790,1842,1869]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
<materialsCitation id="BE823CA5113E725DF8A10F3186062419" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413048316" box="[151,786,1842,1869]" country="Peru" location="Abra de Porculla" municipality="Department" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Piura" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113E725DF8A10F3184222418" bold="true" box="[151,310,1842,1869]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
<typeStatus id="D151885A113E725DF8A10F3185C62419" box="[151,210,1843,1869]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="76FD7668113E725DF90A0F3184662419" box="[316,370,1843,1869]" name="Peru" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Peru</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="CC2EF81A113E725DF9480F3184AD2419" box="[382,441,1843,1869]" country="Peru" name="Piura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Piura</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="EE31AC82113E725DF9F60F3187532419" box="[448,583,1843,1869]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Department</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="0B356023113E725DFA660F3186062419" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:864387EE113E725CF8A10EC48065262D:0B356023113E725DFA660F3186062419" box="[592,786,1843,1869]" country="Peru" municipality="Department" name="Abra de Porculla" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" stateProvince="Piura">Abra de Porculla</location>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="46F06573113E725DF8F10F54807E24C1" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="0E5536F8113E725DF8F10F54807E24C1" blockId="14.[151,1437,1842,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113E725DF8F10F5484562424" bold="true" box="[199,322,1878,1904]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This species is immediately recognized from its congeners by the presence of prominent HWV postdiscal yellow spots, and the absence of any median band. No closest relative can be identified at this time.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="46F06573113E725CF8F10F9C87B3206D" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="216" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" type="description">
<paragraph id="0E5536F8113E725CF8F10F9C86B82169" blockId="14.[151,1437,1842,2013]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1437,150,1401]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="216" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113E725DF8F10F9C844D24EC" bold="true" box="[199,345,1950,1976]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Description.</emphasis>
MALE (
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D113E725DF9F60F9D872824ED" box="[448,572,1951,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1851,1875]" captionTargetBox="[244,1313,196,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-21@9.[216,1371,181,1827]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Adults (left—dorsum, right—venter) A. M. punku n. sp. ♂ Holotype, Peru, Abra de Porculla B. M. punku n. sp. ♂ form, Paratype, Peru, Abra de Porculla C. M. huamanii n. sp. ♂ Holotype, Peru, Tres Ríos D. M. huamanii n. sp. ♂ form Paratype, between Las Minas and El Tambo" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744555" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744555/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Fig. 3A, B</figureCitation>
):
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113E725DFA670F9D879A24ED" box="[593,654,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Head</emphasis>
: eyes chocolate brown, naked, lustrous; labial palpi two times length of head, covered with black hair-like scales, longer ventrally but overall shorter than in other congeners; antennae slender, 2/5
<superScript id="F99F9BB0113F725CF92F0894843223F0" attach="left" box="[281,294,150,164]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">th</superScript>
length of costa, naked, dorsally and ventrally brown, except for ventral side of gradually formed club, which is sandy yellow.
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CF9A008B984F32381" box="[406,487,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Thorax</emphasis>
: black; legs dull brown, tibia covered with brown, femur and tarsus with sandy yellow scales.
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CF8DF08DD843923AC" box="[233,301,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Wings</emphasis>
: FW length: 17.5 mm (n=2). FWD almost uniform medium brown, with a slightly darker basal half. FWD medium brown, with hair-like scales in basal half. FWV medium brown, a shade lighter in distal half, with two, faint postdiscal and submarginal regular lines, and four small postdiscal, pale yellow dots, apparently varying individually with one individual lacking these dots (
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D113F725CFAD00949862B2231" box="[742,831,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1851,1875]" captionTargetBox="[244,1313,196,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-21@9.[216,1371,181,1827]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Adults (left—dorsum, right—venter) A. M. punku n. sp. ♂ Holotype, Peru, Abra de Porculla B. M. punku n. sp. ♂ form, Paratype, Peru, Abra de Porculla C. M. huamanii n. sp. ♂ Holotype, Peru, Tres Ríos D. M. huamanii n. sp. ♂ form Paratype, between Las Minas and El Tambo" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744555" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744555/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
). HWV medium brown, a shade lighter in distal half, with dark brown postbasal, postdiscal and submarginal lines, all rather irregular, with latter fainter than others, and a series of 5 postdiscal pale yellow dots, three central ones larger than extremal ones.
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CFC020991818A22F9" box="[1076,1182,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Abdomen</emphasis>
: dorsally covered with black scales, laterally and ventrally with grey brown scales.
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CFB7309B586BB2285" box="[837,943,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D113F725CFBF609B5810F2285" box="[960,1051,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox="[216,1381,183,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-23@18.[178,1410,181,1831]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male genitalia (top—lateral view, middle—plan view, bottom—aedeagus extracted, lateral view) A. M. ronda n. sp., Peru, Salhuindo, prep. genit. KF-1571 B. M. ronda amplia n. ssp., Peru, Pucara, prep. genit. KF-1572 C. M. punku n. sp., Peru, Abra de Porculla, prep. genit. KF-1613 D. M. prattorum udima n. ssp., Peru, La Florida, prep. genit. KF-1472" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744565" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744565/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
): Uncus long and arched; gnathos one-third length of uncus, with a stout base and sharp apex; pedunculus prominent, directed downwards, saccus short, bulbous; valva slender, with a gradually narrowing apical part ending with a sharp tip turned inwards, with an irregular dorsum; aedeagus stout, sinuate, short. FEMALE: Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0E5536F8113F725CF8F10A4587B3206D" blockId="15.[151,1437,150,1401]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CF8F10A45849D2135" bold="true" box="[199,393,583,609]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Molecular data.</emphasis>
BI (
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D113F725CF9F30A4587092135" box="[453,541,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[572,1012,184,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-21@25.[572,1014,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 12. Bayesian Inference tree (BI) reconstructed from a fragment of COI mitochondrial gene. Posterior probability values indicated on nodes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744583" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744583/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
), ML (
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D113F725CFA420A4587DF2135" box="[628,715,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[575,1017,184,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-23@26.[570,1017,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 13. Maximum likelihood tree (ML) reconstructed from a fragment of COI mitochondrial gene. Ultrafast bootstrap support values indicated on nodes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744585" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744585/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
), the species-delimitation methods (Figs. 14,15) and genetics distances (Supplementary material 2) indicate that
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B113F725CFAE90A69865F21D1" authority="Mahecha-J &amp; Florczyk &amp; Willmott &amp; Cerdeña &amp; Zubek &amp; Boyer &amp; Farfán &amp; Lachowska-Cierlik &amp; Pyrcz, 2021" authorityName="Mahecha-J &amp; Florczyk &amp; Willmott &amp; Cerdeña &amp; Zubek &amp; Boyer &amp; Farfán &amp; Lachowska-Cierlik &amp; Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" box="[735,843,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punku" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CFAE90A6987E221D0" box="[735,758,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CFB310A69865F21D1" box="[775,843,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">punku</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CFB630A69868221D1" bold="true" box="[853,918,619,645]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27AD5791113F725CFB630A69868221D1" box="[853,918,619,645]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is a distinct species. However, based on ML analysis,
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B113F725CF9370A8D847F21FD" authority="Mahecha-J &amp; Florczyk &amp; Willmott &amp; Cerdeña &amp; Zubek &amp; Boyer &amp; Farfán &amp; Lachowska-Cierlik &amp; Pyrcz, 2021" authorityName="Mahecha-J &amp; Florczyk &amp; Willmott &amp; Cerdeña &amp; Zubek &amp; Boyer &amp; Farfán &amp; Lachowska-Cierlik &amp; Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" box="[257,363,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punku" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CF9370A8D847F21FD" box="[257,363,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">M. punku</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CF9420A8D84A021FD" bold="true" box="[372,436,655,681]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27AD5791113F725CF9420A8D84A021FD" box="[372,436,655,681]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is related to the clade formed by
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B113F725CFB030A8D86C721FC" authorityName="Pyrcz &amp; Hall" authorityYear="2006" box="[821,979,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germaniae">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CFB030A8D86C721FC" box="[821,979,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">M. germaniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B113F725CFBD40A8D816721FD" baseAuthorityName="C. Felder &amp; R. Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[994,1139,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apiculata">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CFBD40A8D816721FD" box="[994,1139,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">M. apiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B113F725CFCB40A8D81E721FD" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[1154,1267,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leaena">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CFCB40A8D81E721FD" box="[1154,1267,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">M. leaena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
+
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B113F725CFD250A8D85F12198" authorityName="Pyrcz &amp; Willmott" authorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="inderena" subSpecies="mirena">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CFD250A8D85F12198" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">M. inderena mirena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex +
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B113F725CF95A0AB1871A2199" authorityName="Pyrcz &amp; Willmott" authorityYear="2006" box="[364,526,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="golondrina">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CF95A0AB1871A2199" box="[364,526,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">M. golondrina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B113F725CFA2B0AB187A12198" authorityName="Brown" authorityYear="1944" baseAuthorityName="Brown" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[541,693,691,716]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="interrupta">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CFA2B0AB187A12198" box="[541,693,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">M. interrupta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B113F725CFAF50AB186882199" authorityName="Pyrcz &amp; Willmott" authorityYear="2006" box="[707,924,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="inderena" subSpecies="similis">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CFAF50AB186882199" box="[707,924,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">M. inderena similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B113F725CFB9C0AB181722199" authorityName="Pyrcz &amp; Willmott" authorityYear="2006" box="[938,1126,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="inderena" subSpecies="fina">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CFB9C0AB181722199" box="[938,1126,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">M. inderena fina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clade +
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B113F725CFCF10AB180642199" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[1223,1392,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trimaculata">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CFCF10AB180642199" box="[1223,1392,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">M. trimaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B113F725CFD480AB185EF21A5" authorityName="Pyrcz &amp; Hall" authorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undulata">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CFD480AB185EF21A5" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">M. undulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex +
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B113F725CF9B10AD5874121A5" authorityName="Pyrcz &amp; Willmott" authorityYear="2006" box="[391,597,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="inderena" subSpecies="clara">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CF9B10AD5874121A5" box="[391,597,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">M. inderena clara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B113F725CFA530AD587E421A5" baseAuthorityName="Adams" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[613,752,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inderena">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CFA530AD587E421A5" box="[613,752,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">M. inderena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ssp.,
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CFB020AD5805321A5" box="[820,1351,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B113F725CFB020AD5814521A4" authorityName="Pyrcz &amp; Willmott" authorityYear="2006" box="[820,1105,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="inderena" subSpecies="antioquiana">M. inderena antioquiana</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B113F725CFC680AD5805321A5" authorityName="Pyrcz &amp; Boyer" authorityYear="2021" box="[1118,1351,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="prattorum" subSpecies="udima">M. prattorum udima</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CFD660AD5807321A5" bold="true" box="[1360,1383,727,753]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">n.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B113F725CFD460AD585C12041" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="clade">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CFD460AD5808821A5" bold="true" box="[1392,1436,727,753]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">ssp.</emphasis>
clade
</taxonomicName>
, and according to BI analysis, it is related the
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B113F725CFAEA0AF986832041" box="[732,919,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mycalesoides">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CFAEA0AF986832041" box="[732,919,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">M. mycalesoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B113F725CFBF80AF9817A2041" authorityName="Kruger" authorityYear="1924" box="[974,1134,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CFBF80AF9817A2041" box="[974,1134,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">M. nevadensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but both analyses showed high branch support of the clades containing it.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="46F06573113F725CF8F10B4184B12745" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0E5536F8113F725CF8F10B4184B12745" blockId="15.[151,1437,150,1401]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CF8F10B41846C2008" bold="true" box="[199,376,834,861]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Type material:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="BE823CA5113F725CF9490B41847E20D5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413048344" collectingDate="2018-06-15" collectionCode="MUSA" collectorName="de Porculla &amp; J. Farfan" country="Peru" latitude="-5.8450003" location="Abra de Porculla" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-79.504166" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Piura" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="D151885A113F725CF9490B4184F32009" box="[383,487,835,861]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="18ECFD71113F725CF9D90B4187132009" box="[495,519,835,861]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
:
<collectingCountry id="76FD7668113F725CFA250B41875F2009" box="[531,587,835,861]" name="Peru" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Peru</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="CC2EF81A113F725CFA600B4187802009" box="[598,660,835,861]" country="Peru" name="Piura" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Piura</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="0B356023113F725CFAA80B41864B2009" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:864387EE113E725CF8A10EC48065262D:0B356023113F725CFAA80B41864B2009" box="[670,863,835,861]" country="Peru" latitude="-5.8450003" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-79.504166" name="Abra de Porculla" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" stateProvince="Piura">
Abra
<collectorName id="A31F532E113F725CFAEB0B41864B2009" box="[733,863,835,861]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">de Porculla</collectorName>
</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="6BDE503F113F725CFB5D0B4086E22009" box="[875,1014,834,861]" degrees="05" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" precision="15" seconds="42" value="-5.8450003">05º50’42’’ S</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate id="6BDE503F113F725CFC360B4081812009" box="[1024,1173,834,861]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" precision="15" seconds="15" value="-79.504166">79º30’15’’ W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="7A541038113F725CFC960B40800F2009" box="[1184,1307,834,861]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" value="2018-06-15">
<collectingDate id="6A10E9D0113F725CFC960B40800F2009" box="[1184,1307,834,861]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" value="2018-06-15">
15.vi.
<quantity id="C9129B1D113F725CFCED0B40800F2009" box="[1243,1307,834,861]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0182247" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" unit="m" value="2018.2247">2018</quantity>
</collectingDate>
</date>
, 2247 m,
<collectorName id="A31F532E113F725CFDBC0B4185F420D5" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">J. Farfán</collectorName>
leg.
<collectionCode id="68FBAE3D113F725CF9230B65847E20D5" box="[277,362,871,897]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/42td-7yhx" name="Universidad Nacional de San Agustin, Museo de Historia Natural (Peru)" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">MUSA</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
;
<typeStatus id="D151885A113F725CF9450B6584C120D5" box="[371,469,871,897]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
(
<specimenCount id="18ECFD71113F725CF9D50B65870420D5" box="[483,528,871,897]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" type="male">4 ♂</specimenCount>
):
<materialsCitation id="BE823CA5113F725CFA120B6581AA20D5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413048322" box="[548,1214,871,897]" collectingDate="2018-06-15" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="de Porculla &amp; J. Farfan" country="Peru" latitude="-5.8450003" location="Abra de Porculla" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-79.504166" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Piura" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="18ECFD71113F725CFA120B65875B20D5" box="[548,591,871,897]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
: same data as the Holotype, will be deposited in
<collectionCode id="68FBAE3D113F725CFC530B6581AA20D5" box="[1125,1214,871,897]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">MUSM</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="BE823CA5113F725CFCFE0B658743209D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413048375" collectingDate="2018-06-15" collectingDateMax="2019-01-24" collectingDateMin="2018-06-26" collectionCode="T" collectorName="T. Pyrcz" country="Peru" elevation="2225" location="Abra de Porculla" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Piura" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="18ECFD71113F725CFCFE0B6581E720D5" box="[1224,1267,871,897]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
:
<collectingRegion id="CC2EF81A113F725CFCC80B65802820D5" box="[1278,1340,871,897]" country="Peru" name="Piura" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Piura</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="0B356023113F725CFD720B6585E320F1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:864387EE113E725CF8A10EC48065262D:0B356023113F725CFD720B6585E320F1" country="Peru" name="Abra de Porculla" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" stateProvince="Piura">Abra de Porculla</location>
, western slopes,
<quantity id="C9129B1D113F725CF9800B88874020F1" box="[438,596,906,933]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.225" metricValueMax="2.25" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" unit="m" value="2225.0" valueMax="2250.0" valueMin="2200.0">
<elevation id="85C7D1CB113F725CF9800B88874020F1" box="[438,596,906,933]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.225" metricValueMax="2.25" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" unit="m" value="2225.0" valueMax="2250.0" valueMin="2200.0">2200–2250 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="7A541038113F725CFA560B8887CF20F1" box="[608,731,906,933]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" value="2018-06-15">
<collectingDate id="6A10E9D0113F725CFA560B8887CF20F1" box="[608,731,906,933]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" value="2018-06-15">15.vi.2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
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.
<collectorName id="A31F532E113F725CFB350B89865720F1" box="[771,835,907,933]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Pyrcz</collectorName>
leg., prep. genit. 1613/
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<collectorName id="A31F532E113F725CFCF90B89804320F1" box="[1231,1367,907,933]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">K. Florczyk</collectorName>
, prep. mol. 392/
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<collectingDate id="6A10E9D0113F725CF9350BAD8495209D" box="[259,385,943,969]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" value="2018-06-26">26.06.2018</collectingDate>
</date>
A.
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,
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</materialsCitation>
;
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<specimenCount id="18ECFD71113F725CFA550BAD8784209D" box="[611,656,943,969]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
:
<collectingRegion id="CC2EF81A113F725CFAAB0BAD87CF209D" box="[669,731,943,969]" country="Peru" name="Piura" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Piura</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="EE31AC82113F725CFAD30BAD86B3209D" box="[741,935,943,969]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Abra de Porculla</collectingMunicipality>
,
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<geoCoordinate id="6BDE503F113F725CFC4C0BAC808C209D" box="[1146,1432,942,969]" degrees="05" direction="west" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" precision="15" seconds="43" value="-5.845278">S05°50’43” W79°30’18”</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="C9129B1D113F725CF8A10BD185F920B9" box="[151,237,979,1005]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" unit="m" value="2200.0">
<elevation id="85C7D1CB113F725CF8A10BD185F920B9" box="[151,237,979,1005]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="7A541038113F725CF8CE0BD0846720B9" box="[248,371,978,1005]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" value="2018-06-15">
<collectingDate id="6A10E9D0113F725CF8CE0BD0846720B9" box="[248,371,978,1005]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" value="2018-06-15">15.vi.2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="A31F532E113F725CF94B0BD184CF20B9" box="[381,475,979,1005]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">P. Boyer</collectorName>
leg.,
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</materialsCitation>
;
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<specimenCount id="18ECFD71113F725CFA6E0BD1879020B9" box="[600,644,979,1005]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
:
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,
<collectingMunicipality id="EE31AC82113F725CFAE10BD1867520B9" box="[727,865,979,1005]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Pacaipampa</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="0B356023113F725CFB5D0BD186CA20B9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:864387EE113E725CF8A10EC48065262D:0B356023113F725CFB5D0BD186CA20B9" box="[875,990,979,1005]" country="Peru" longitude="-4.95" municipality="Pacaipampa" name="Bellavista" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" stateProvince="Piura">Bellavista</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="6BDE503F113F725CFBDF0BD081A620B9" box="[1001,1202,978,1005]" degrees="04" direction="west" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" precision="925" value="-4.95">S04°57’ W79°33’</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="C9129B1D113F725CFC8A0BD0800620B9" box="[1212,1298,978,1005]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" unit="m" value="1950.0">
<elevation id="85C7D1CB113F725CFC8A0BD0800620B9" box="[1212,1298,978,1005]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" unit="m" value="1950.0">1950 m</elevation>
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,
<date id="7A541038113F725CFD2B0BD0808C20B9" box="[1309,1432,978,1005]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" value="2003-06-25">
<collectingDate id="6A10E9D0113F725CFD2B0BD0808C20B9" box="[1309,1432,978,1005]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" value="2003-06-25">25.vi.2003</collectingDate>
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,
<collectorName id="A31F532E113F725CF8A10BF5841D2745" box="[151,265,1015,1041]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">W. Zelada</collectorName>
leg.,
<collectionCode id="68FBAE3D113F725CF9710BF584B42745" box="[327,416,1015,1041]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">MUSM</collectionCode>
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="46F06573113F725CF8F10C198077270D" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="0E5536F8113F725CF8F10C198077270D" blockId="15.[151,1437,150,1401]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CF8F10C19845A2761" bold="true" box="[199,334,1051,1077]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Etymology.</emphasis>
“punku” is a word in Quechua language (spoken currently in the Peruvian Andes) that means door, entry, access, portal, alluding to the Porculla pass that connects the two sides of the Andes at the
<typeStatus id="D151885A113F725CFCE40C3D8016270D" box="[1234,1282,1087,1113]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="46F06573113F725CF8F10C618065262D" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="0E5536F8113F725CF8F10C618065262D" blockId="15.[151,1437,150,1401]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CF8F10C61842F2729" bold="true" box="[199,315,1123,1149]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species is easily distinguished from other congeners by its small size, rounded wings and, in the typical form, prominent HWV rounded yellow dots. The genitalia are also quite distinctive, being most similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B113F725CF9220CA9876B2791" authority="Pyrcz &amp; Hall, 2006" authorityName="Pyrcz &amp; Hall" authorityYear="2006" box="[276,639,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufanalis">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CF9220CA9843F2790" box="[276,299,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CF90F0CA9848A2791" box="[313,414,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">rufanalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6A7B4B09113F725CF9900CA9876B2791" author="Pyrcz, T. W. &amp; Willmott, K. R. &amp; Hall, J. P. W. &amp; Viloria, A. L." box="[422,639,1195,1221]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" pagination="37 - 79" refId="ref22357" refString="Pyrcz, T. W., Willmott, K. R., Hall, J. P. W. &amp; Viloria, A. L. (2006) A review of the genus Manerebia Staudinger (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) in the northern Andes. Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera, 39, 37 - 79." type="journal article" year="2006">Pyrcz &amp; Hall, 2006</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from southern
<collectingCountry id="76FD7668113F725CFB1D0CA9869E2791" box="[811,906,1195,1221]" name="Ecuador" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
, which is otherwise externally very different. It is the only species of
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B113F725CF9B10CCD871527BD" box="[391,513,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CF9B10CCD871527BD" box="[391,513,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Manerebia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
known so far from the Abra de Porculla (
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D113F725CFBE60CCD812027BD" box="[976,1076,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[301,1286,181,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-23@24.[301,1286,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 11. Adults live and habitats A. M. prattorum udima n. ssp. female, Peru, La Florida —via La Udima. Photo P. Boyer B. M. prattorum udima n. ssp. male, Peru, La Florida —via La Udima. Photo P. Boyer C. Abra de Porculla, view towards Pacific coast, type locality of M. punku. Photo T. Pyrcz" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744579" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744579/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Fig. 11C</figureCitation>
), where it occurs on the western slopes only, with the eastern slopes being extremely arid with no cloud forest vegetation. The geographic range of this species is incompletely known, and it can only be speculated that it extends both north and southwards where similar habitat is found. In the trees generated based on COI sequences this species is sister to
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B113F725CFCEB0D39807A2601" baseAuthorityName="C. Felder &amp; R. Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[1245,1390,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apiculata">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CFCEB0D3981E02600" box="[1245,1268,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CFD320D39807A2601" box="[1284,1390,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">apiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B113F725CFD480D3985F6262D" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1861" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leaena">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CFD480D3980812600" box="[1406,1429,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CF8A10D5D85F6262D" box="[151,226,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">leaena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B113F725CF9290D5D84A9262C" authorityName="Pyrcz &amp; Hall" authorityYear="2006" box="[287,445,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germaniae">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CF9290D5D8422262C" box="[287,310,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA113F725CF9730D5D84A9262C" box="[325,445,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">germaniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, all externally different species occurring at higher elevations in the northern Andes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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