571 lines
66 KiB
XML
571 lines
66 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="176288492D908147B36D74A9FB3682CD">Solving the cryptic diversity of the genus Manerebia Staudinger in northern Peru description of new species and considerations on the biogeographical role of the Huancabamba Deflection (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Pronophilina)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9A9BADF6416564E04B2360B78FD74F91">Mahecha-J, Oscar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D04576725EFA481B15A772731DB73D11">Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland. & Instituto de Ciencias Naturales ICN / Laboratorio de Ecología del Paisaje y Modelación de Ecosistemas ECOLMOD, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Carrera 30 No. 45 - 03, Bogotá D. C., Colombia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="1FAA9CBA768DDAFC50A5CAFBD5EFEF54">Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland. & klaudia. florczyk @ uj. edu. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5731 - 8605</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="38687963731A32EF48F3A490C25A9B56">Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Museo de Historia Natural, Av. Alcides Carrión s / n, Escuela de Biología UNSA, Arequipa, Perú. & cerdenajoseal @ yahoo. es; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3930 - 6480</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="1E51858E1D476D20D6A5DE23729E7B38">Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland. & anna. zubek @ uj. edu. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3663 - 522 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="0AD33E867A7082A028B3CE36F12F8286">Lotissement l’Horizon, 13610, Le Puy Sainte Réparade, France. pierdom @ aliceadsl. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="B01C12AB1AC81A9512F02C695D6EEAC6">Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Museo de Historia Natural, Av. Alcides Carrión s / n, Escuela de Biología UNSA, Arequipa, Perú. & jjackie 4 u @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5913 - 0756</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="89F18F8092C3881222C506A264038FE3">Department of Invertebrate Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland & dorota. lachowska-cierlik @ uj. edu. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9072 - 1677</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="C9573E6B991FC7AAA988081EAA583A46">Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland. & Department of Invertebrate Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland & tomasz. pyrcz @ uj. edu. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4822 - 0670</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="864387EE11357255F8A10B64868920D5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744567" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190874986" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5744567" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:864387EE11357255F8A10B64868920D5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/864387EE11357255F8A10B64868920D5" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="207" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">
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<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11357256F8A10B64879020D5" authority="Pyrcz & Boyer" authorityName="Pyrcz & Boyer" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,644,870,897]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ronda" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="amplia">
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<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256F8A10B6484D120D5" bold="true" box="[151,453,870,897]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Manerebia ronda amplia</emphasis>
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Pyrcz & Boyer
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="27AD579111357256FAA70B6587CA20D5" box="[657,734,871,897]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" rank="subSpecies">n. ssp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="46F0657311357256F8A10B89842920F1" box="[151,317,907,933]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" type="description">
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<paragraph id="0E5536F811357256F8A10B89842920F1" blockId="5.[151,734,870,933]" box="[151,317,907,933]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">
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(
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<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11357256F8A90B8985F920F1" box="[159,237,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1870,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-21@7.[226,1364,179,1835]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults (left—dorsum, right—venter)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5747913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5747913/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11357256F8CD0B89841F20F1" box="[251,267,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox="[216,1381,183,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-23@18.[178,1410,181,1831]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male genitalia (top—lateral view, middle—plan view, bottom—aedeagus extracted, lateral view) A. M. ronda n. sp., Peru, Salhuindo, prep. genit. KF-1571 B. M. ronda amplia n. ssp., Peru, Pucara, prep. genit. KF-1572 C. M. punku n. sp., Peru, Abra de Porculla, prep. genit. KF-1613 D. M. prattorum udima n. ssp., Peru, La Florida, prep. genit. KF-1472" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744565" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744565/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">7</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11357256F9210B89842020F1" box="[279,308,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1284,1308]" captionTargetBox="[171,1415,185,1248]" captionTargetId="figure-21@21.[165,1423,181,1261]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 10. Male genitalia x adults comparison indicating morphological similarities and genetic affinities (outer—genitalia in lateral view, aedeagus omitted, middle—wings venter) A. M. ronda n. sp., Peru, Laguna Salahuindo, prep. genit. 1571 B. M. inderena similis, Peru, Balzapamba, prep. genit. H_161 C. M. ronda amplia n. ssp., Peru, Abra de Porculla, prep. genit. 1572 D. M. undulata milaena, Peru, Jimbura, prep. genit. H_175 E. M. pauperata n. stat., Peru, Zamora, prep. genit. H_246" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744577" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744577/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">10</figureCitation>
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)
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<paragraph id="0E5536F811357256F8A10BD187EA20B9" blockId="5.[151,1437,978,2013]" box="[151,766,978,1005]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">
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<typeStatus id="D151885A11357256F8A10BD185C620B9" box="[151,210,979,1005]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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<collectingCountry id="76FD766811357256F90A0BD1846620B9" box="[316,370,979,1005]" name="Peru" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Peru</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="CC2EF81A11357256F9480BD1871B20B9" box="[382,527,979,1005]" country="Peru" name="Lambayeque" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Lambayeque</collectingRegion>
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<collectingMunicipality id="EE31AC8211357256FA230BD1878820B9" box="[533,668,979,1005]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Department</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="0B35602311357256FA910BD187EA20B9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:864387EE11357255F8A10B64868920D5:0B35602311357256FA910BD187EA20B9" box="[679,766,979,1005]" country="Peru" municipality="Department" name="Kanaris" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" stateProvince="Lambayeque">Kañaris</location>
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<subSubSection id="46F0657311357256F8F10BF487302665" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="0E5536F811357256F8F10BF487302665" blockId="5.[151,1437,978,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">
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<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256F8F10BF484562744" bold="true" box="[199,322,1014,1040]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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This subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11357256FA120BF587992745" authority="Mahecha-J & Florczyk & Willmott & Cerdeña & Zubek & Boyer & Farfán & Lachowska-Cierlik & Pyrcz, 2021" authorityName="Mahecha-J & Florczyk & Willmott & Cerdeña & Zubek & Boyer & Farfán & Lachowska-Cierlik & Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" box="[548,653,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ronda" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FA120BF587992745" box="[548,653,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">M. ronda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FAA00BF587C22745" bold="true" box="[662,726,1015,1041]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27AD579111357256FAA00BF587C22745" box="[662,726,1015,1041]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is externally most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11357256FC110BF580002745" box="[1063,1300,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="undulata" subSpecies="milaena">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FC110BF580002745" box="[1063,1300,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">M. undulata milaena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11357256FD100BF5809B2745" box="[1318,1423,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1284,1308]" captionTargetBox="[171,1415,185,1248]" captionTargetId="figure-21@21.[165,1423,181,1261]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 10. Male genitalia x adults comparison indicating morphological similarities and genetic affinities (outer—genitalia in lateral view, aedeagus omitted, middle—wings venter) A. M. ronda n. sp., Peru, Laguna Salahuindo, prep. genit. 1571 B. M. inderena similis, Peru, Balzapamba, prep. genit. H_161 C. M. ronda amplia n. ssp., Peru, Abra de Porculla, prep. genit. 1572 D. M. undulata milaena, Peru, Jimbura, prep. genit. H_175 E. M. pauperata n. stat., Peru, Zamora, prep. genit. H_246" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744577" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744577/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Fig. 10D</figureCitation>
|
||
), from the western slopes of the Andes in the extreme south of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="76FD766811357256FB7A0C1986B82761" box="[844,940,1051,1077]" name="Ecuador" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Both are characterized by a milk-white and rather wide HWV median band gradually broadening from the costa to the anal margin, no trace of ocelli and rather smaller size compared to most other similar congeners such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11357256FB550C6181FC2729" authority="Pyrcz & Hall, 2006" authorityName="Pyrcz & Hall" authorityYear="2006" box="[867,1256,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germaniae">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FB550C61866E2728" box="[867,890,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FBBF0C6181152728" box="[905,1025,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">germaniae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A7B4B0911357256FC3F0C6181FC2729" author="Pyrcz, T. W. & Willmott, K. R. & Hall, J. P. W. & Viloria, A. L." box="[1033,1256,1123,1149]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" pagination="37 - 79" refId="ref22357" refString="Pyrcz, T. W., Willmott, K. R., Hall, J. P. W. & Viloria, A. L. (2006) A review of the genus Manerebia Staudinger (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) in the northern Andes. Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera, 39, 37 - 79." type="journal article" year="2006">Pyrcz & Hall, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11357256FD250C61845127F6" authority="(Adams, 1986)" baseAuthorityName="Adams" baseAuthorityYear="1986" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inderena">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FD250C61803E2728" box="[1299,1322,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FD0C0C6180892729" box="[1338,1437,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">inderena</emphasis>
|
||
(Adams, 1986)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11357256F9650C85875727F5" box="[339,579,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="undulata" subSpecies="milaena">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256F9650C85875727F5" box="[339,579,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">M. undulata milaena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a magenta suffusion on both the FWV and HWV, not apparent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11357256FD480C85843A2791" authorityName="Pyrcz & Boyer" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ronda" subSpecies="amplia">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FD480C85808127F4" box="[1406,1429,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256F8A10CA9843A2791" box="[151,302,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">ronda amplia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256F9030CA9846B2791" bold="true" box="[309,383,1195,1221]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">n. ssp.</emphasis>
|
||
In addition, the submarginal dark brown line of the HWV of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11357256FC020CA981E42791" authorityName="Pyrcz & Boyer" authorityYear="2021" box="[1076,1264,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ronda" subSpecies="amplia">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FC020CA9815F2790" box="[1076,1099,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FC6F0CA981E42791" box="[1113,1264,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">ronda amplia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FCC10CA9802E2791" bold="true" box="[1271,1338,1195,1221]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">n. ssp</emphasis>
|
||
. is more undulating than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11357256F9440CCD877527BD" box="[370,609,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="undulata" subSpecies="milaena">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256F9440CCD849D27BC" box="[370,393,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256F9AC0CCD877527BD" box="[410,609,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">undulata milaena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the two differ markedly in male genitalia as described below. The subspecific status of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11357256F9B50CF187542659" authorityName="Pyrcz & Boyer" authorityYear="2021" box="[387,576,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ronda" subSpecies="amplia">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256F9B50CF187542659" box="[387,576,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">M. ronda amplia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FA710CF1874A2659" bold="true" box="[583,606,1267,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">n.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11357256FA530CF187D52659" box="[613,705,1267,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="and">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FA530CF187862659" bold="true" box="[613,658,1267,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">ssp.</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11357256FAFF0CF1866E2659" authority="ronda" box="[713,890,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ronda" subSpecies="ronda">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FAFF0CF1866E2659" box="[713,890,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">M. ronda ronda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is strongly supported by COI data (
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11357256FD390CF180792659" box="[1295,1389,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[572,1012,184,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-21@25.[572,1014,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 12. Bayesian Inference tree (BI) reconstructed from a fragment of COI mitochondrial gene. Posterior probability values indicated on nodes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744583" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744583/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11357256FD4F0CF180832659" box="[1401,1431,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[575,1017,184,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-23@26.[570,1017,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 13. Maximum likelihood tree (ML) reconstructed from a fragment of COI mitochondrial gene. Ultrafast bootstrap support values indicated on nodes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744585" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744585/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">13</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11357256F8A10D1585A12665" box="[151,181,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[591,998,182,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-21@27.[589,998,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 14. The Bayesian implementation of the Poisson Tree Processes (bPTP) for delimiting species based on a fragment of COI mitochondrial gene." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744589/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">14</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11357256F8F70D1485CB2665" box="[193,223,1302,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[591,997,185,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-23@28.[589,998,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 15. The generalized mixed Yule-coalescent (GMYC) for delimiting species based on a fragment of COI mitochondrial gene." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744591" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744591/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">15</figureCitation>
|
||
), and male genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11357256F9E70D1587012665" box="[465,533,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox="[216,1381,183,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-23@18.[178,1410,181,1831]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male genitalia (top—lateral view, middle—plan view, bottom—aedeagus extracted, lateral view) A. M. ronda n. sp., Peru, Salhuindo, prep. genit. KF-1571 B. M. ronda amplia n. ssp., Peru, Pucara, prep. genit. KF-1572 C. M. punku n. sp., Peru, Abra de Porculla, prep. genit. KF-1613 D. M. prattorum udima n. ssp., Peru, La Florida, prep. genit. KF-1472" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744565" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744565/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="46F0657311357256F8F10D3881A824ED" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="0E5536F811357256F8F10D3887D42419" blockId="5.[151,1437,978,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256F8F10D38844D2600" bold="true" box="[199,345,1338,1364]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
MALE (
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11357256F9F60D39870D2601" box="[448,537,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1870,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-21@7.[226,1364,179,1835]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults (left—dorsum, right—venter)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5747913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5747913/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FA190D3987782601" box="[559,620,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: eyes chocolate brown, naked, lustrous; labial palpi two times length of head, covered with black hair-like scales, longer ventrally, and with some sparse yellow scales; antennae slender, 2/5
|
||
<superScript id="F99F9BB011357256F88D0D8085DC26C4" attach="left" box="[187,200,1410,1424]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">th</superScript>
|
||
length of costa, dorsally brown, ventrally somewhat orange, club formed gradually.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FCA20D8181F126C9" box="[1172,1253,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
: black, dorsally mostly naked, with just some sparse hair-like scales along sides; femora sparsely covered with dark-brown scales, tibiae and tarsi densely with milky-white scales.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FA810DC987EF26B0" box="[695,763,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Wings</emphasis>
|
||
: FW length 17.5 mm, n=2. FW apex subacute, outer margin straight. HW oval with smooth outer margin. FWD uniform medium brown. HWD uniform medium brown with white median band slightly translucent from venter. FWV blackish brown gradually turning medium brown towards distal margin, with an undulating dark brown submarginal line. HWV chestnut, pale brown along distal margin, with a nearly straight milky white to pale yellow medium band, gradually broadening from costal to anal margin, and a delicately wavy submarginal dark brown line.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FAD00E7D864425CD" box="[742,848,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: dorsally and laterally covered with black, ventrally with grey-brown scales.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256F99E0EA1870625E9" box="[424,530,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11357256FA160EA1876C25E9" box="[544,632,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox="[216,1381,183,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-23@18.[178,1410,181,1831]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male genitalia (top—lateral view, middle—plan view, bottom—aedeagus extracted, lateral view) A. M. ronda n. sp., Peru, Salhuindo, prep. genit. KF-1571 B. M. ronda amplia n. ssp., Peru, Pucara, prep. genit. KF-1572 C. M. punku n. sp., Peru, Abra de Porculla, prep. genit. KF-1613 D. M. prattorum udima n. ssp., Peru, La Florida, prep. genit. KF-1472" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744565" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744565/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
||
): Uncus arched and 1.5 times as long as tegumen shoulder, gnathos halflength of uncus, strongly uplifted with a short apex; pedunculus with a massive base and apex curved downwards; saccus short, bulbous; valva with a massive basal half ended with a massive mid-dorsal process terminated by several short teeth, and a narrow apical half with a dorsal crest made up of several (5–6) prominent teeth; aedeagus sinuate, shorter than valva. FEMALE: Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0E5536F811357256F8F10F5581A824ED" blockId="5.[151,1437,978,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256F8F10F5584902425" bold="true" box="[199,388,1879,1905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Molecular data.</emphasis>
|
||
BI (
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11357256F9800F55871D2425" box="[438,521,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[572,1012,184,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-21@25.[572,1014,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 12. Bayesian Inference tree (BI) reconstructed from a fragment of COI mitochondrial gene. Posterior probability values indicated on nodes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744583" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744583/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
), ML (
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11357256FA600F5587B22425" box="[598,678,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[575,1017,184,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-23@26.[570,1017,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 13. Maximum likelihood tree (ML) reconstructed from a fragment of COI mitochondrial gene. Ultrafast bootstrap support values indicated on nodes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744585" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744585/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
) tree as well as bPTP (
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11357256FB910F5586EC2425" box="[935,1016,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[591,998,182,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-21@27.[589,998,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 14. The Bayesian implementation of the Poisson Tree Processes (bPTP) for delimiting species based on a fragment of COI mitochondrial gene." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744589/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
) and GMYC (
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11357256FCAC0F5581FF2425" box="[1178,1259,1878,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[591,997,185,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-23@28.[589,998,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 15. The generalized mixed Yule-coalescent (GMYC) for delimiting species based on a fragment of COI mitochondrial gene." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744591" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744591/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
) do not support the separate specific status of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11357256F9C70F7987A524C1" authorityName="Pyrcz & Boyer" authorityYear="2021" box="[497,689,1915,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ronda" subSpecies="amplia">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256F9C70F79871C24C0" box="[497,520,1915,1940]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FA2E0F7987A524C1" box="[536,689,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">ronda amplia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FA8C0F79861224C1" bold="true" box="[698,774,1915,1941]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">n. ssp.</emphasis>
|
||
, which is placed alongside
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11357256FC700F7981BB24C1" authority="Mahecha-J & Florczyk & Willmott & Cerdeña & Zubek & Boyer & Farfán & Lachowska-Cierlik & Pyrcz, 2021" authorityName="Mahecha-J & Florczyk & Willmott & Cerdeña & Zubek & Boyer & Farfán & Lachowska-Cierlik & Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" box="[1094,1199,1915,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ronda" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FC700F79814924C0" box="[1094,1117,1915,1940]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FC5B0F7981BB24C1" box="[1133,1199,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">ronda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FC8E0F7981ED24C1" bold="true" box="[1208,1273,1915,1941]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27AD579111357256FC8E0F7981ED24C1" box="[1208,1273,1915,1941]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11357256FD480F79841E24EC" authorityName="Mahecha-J & Florczyk & Willmott & Cerdeña & Zubek & Boyer & Farfán & Lachowska-Cierlik & Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Pyrcz & Willmott" baseAuthorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pauperata" status="stat. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FD480F79808124C0" box="[1406,1429,1915,1940]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256F8A10F9D841E24EC" box="[151,266,1951,1976]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">pauperata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256F9270F9D847524ED" bold="true" box="[273,353,1951,1977]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27AD579111357256F9270F9D847524ED" box="[273,353,1951,1977]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">n. stat.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, clade with zero or close to zero genetic distance (Suplementary material 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="46F0657311357255F8F10FC1847422DD" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="207" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="0E5536F811357255F8F10FC1847422DD" blockId="5.[151,1437,978,2013]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,898]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="207" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256F8F10FC1846A2488" bold="true" box="[199,382,1986,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Type material:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="BE823CA511357255F9BD0FC1878723E5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413048358" collectingDate="2018-06-14" collectionCode="MUSA" collectorName="de Kanaris & J. Cerdena" country="Peru" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="207" latitude="-6.0619445" location="Bosque de Kanaris" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-79.2525" municipality="Kanaris" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Lambayeque" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="D151885A11357256F9BD0FC184E72489" box="[395,499,1987,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="18ECFD7111357256FA370FC1870D2489" box="[513,537,1987,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="76FD766811357256FA1D0FC187752489" box="[555,609,1987,2013]" name="Peru" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="CC2EF81A11357256FA450FC186132489" box="[627,775,1987,2013]" country="Peru" name="Lambayeque" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Lambayeque</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="EE31AC8211357256FB2E0FC186662489" box="[792,882,1987,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Kañaris</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="0B35602311357256FBB20FC181732489" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:864387EE11357255F8A10B64868920D5:0B35602311357256FBB20FC181732489" box="[900,1127,1987,2013]" country="Peru" latitude="-6.0619445" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-79.2525" municipality="Kanaris" name="Bosque de Kanaris" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" stateProvince="Lambayeque">
|
||
Bosque
|
||
<collectorName id="A31F532E11357256FBD30FC181732489" box="[997,1127,1987,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">de Kañaris</collectorName>
|
||
</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6BDE503F11357256FC4F0FC081E92489" box="[1145,1277,1986,2013]" degrees="06" direction="south" minutes="03" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" precision="15" seconds="43" value="-6.0619445">06º03’43’’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
/
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6BDE503F11357256FD300FC0808C2489" box="[1286,1432,1986,2013]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" precision="15" seconds="09" value="-79.2525">79º15’09’’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="7A54103811367255F8A10895840523E5" box="[151,273,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" value="2018-06-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6A10E9D011367255F8A10895840523E5" box="[151,273,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" value="2018-06-14">
|
||
14.vi.
|
||
<quantity id="C9129B1D11367255F8E40895840523E5" box="[210,273,151,177]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0182687" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" unit="m" value="2018.2687">2018</quantity>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 2687 m, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="A31F532E11367255F9800895872523E5" box="[438,561,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">J. Cerdeña</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="68FBAE3D11367255FA080895878723E5" box="[574,659,151,177]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/42td-7yhx" name="Universidad Nacional de San Agustin, Museo de Historia Natural (Peru)" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">MUSA</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<typeStatus id="D151885A11367255FAA90895861823E5" box="[671,780,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="18ECFD7111367255FB2B0895865E23E5" box="[797,842,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" type="male">6 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
)
|
||
<materialsCitation id="BE823CA511367255FB6A0895808C2381" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413048312" collectingDate="2018-06-14" collectionCode="T" collectorName="T. Pyrcz" country="Peru" elevation="2750" location="Kanaris" municipality="Pucara" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Lambayeque" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="18ECFD7111367255FB6A0895869E23E5" box="[860,906,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="CC2EF81A11367255FBAE0895813823E5" box="[920,1068,151,177]" country="Peru" name="Lambayeque" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">Lambayeque</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="EE31AC8211367255FC0E0895819023E5" box="[1080,1156,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">Pucara</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
vía
|
||
<location id="0B35602311367255FC8E0895800623E5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:864387EE11357255F8A10B64868920D5:0B35602311367255FC8E0895800623E5" box="[1208,1298,151,177]" country="Peru" municipality="Pucara" name="Kanaris" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" stateProvince="Lambayeque">Kañaris</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="C9129B1D11367255FD28089585BB2381" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" unit="m" value="2750.0" valueMax="2800.0" valueMin="2700.0">
|
||
<elevation id="85C7D1CB11367255FD28089585BB2381" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" unit="m" value="2750.0" valueMax="2800.0" valueMin="2700.0">2700–2800 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="7A54103811367255F88B08B984232381" box="[189,311,187,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" value="2018-06-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6A10E9D011367255F88B08B984232381" box="[189,311,187,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" value="2018-06-14">14.vi.2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="68FBAE3D11367255F97308B984432381" box="[325,343,187,213]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">T</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="A31F532E11367255F95208B984B02381" box="[356,420,187,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">Pyrcz</collectorName>
|
||
leg., prep. genit. 1872/
|
||
<date id="7A54103811367255FA8608B9863B2381" box="[688,815,187,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" value="2019-01-18">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6A10E9D011367255FA8608B9863B2381" box="[688,815,187,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" value="2019-01-18">18.01.2019</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
K.
|
||
<collectorName id="A31F532E11367255FB6A08B986D62381" box="[860,962,187,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">Florczyk</collectorName>
|
||
, prep. mol. 20190303 A.
|
||
<collectorName id="A31F532E11367255FCDC08B980202381" box="[1258,1332,187,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">Zubek</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="68FBAE3D11367255FD7408B9808C2381" box="[1346,1432,187,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">CEPUJ</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="BE823CA511367255F8A108DD804F23AD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413048321" box="[151,1371,222,249]" collectingDate="2018-06-14" collectionCode="PBF" collectorName="P. Boyer" country="Peru" elevation="2450" location="Kanaris" longitude="-6.0630555" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Lambayeque" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="18ECFD7111367255F8A108DD85D223AD" box="[151,198,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="CC2EF81A11367255F8E208DD847C23AD" box="[212,360,223,249]" country="Peru" name="Lambayeque" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">Lambayeque</collectingRegion>
|
||
, route de
|
||
<location id="0B35602311367255F9ED08DD872123AD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:864387EE11357255F8A10B64868920D5:0B35602311367255F9ED08DD872123AD" box="[475,565,223,249]" country="Peru" longitude="-6.0630555" name="Kanaris" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" stateProvince="Lambayeque">Kañaris</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6BDE503F11367255FA7408DD865423AD" box="[578,832,223,249]" degrees="06" direction="west" minutes="03" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" precision="15" seconds="47" value="-6.0630555">S06°03'47 W79°14'21</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="C9129B1D11367255FB7B08DC86F823AD" box="[845,1004,222,249]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" unit="m" value="2450.0" valueMax="2500.0" valueMin="2400.0">
|
||
<elevation id="85C7D1CB11367255FB7B08DC86F823AD" box="[845,1004,222,249]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" unit="m" value="2450.0" valueMax="2500.0" valueMin="2400.0">2400–2500 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="7A54103811367255FBCC08DD816123AD" box="[1018,1141,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" value="2018-06-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6A10E9D011367255FBCC08DD816123AD" box="[1018,1141,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" value="2018-06-14">14.vi.2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="A31F532E11367255FCB408DD81F723AD" box="[1154,1251,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">P. Boyer</collectorName>
|
||
leg.,
|
||
<collectionCode id="68FBAE3D11367255FD1008DD804F23AD" box="[1318,1371,223,249]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0e59-8wpg" name="Perum Bio Farma" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">PBF</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="BE823CA511367255FD5E08DD808C2249" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413048370" collectingDate="1982-05-15" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="G. Lamas & E. Perez" country="Peru" elevation="2500" location="Qda. El Palmo" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Cajamarca" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="18ECFD7111367255FD5E08DD808323AD" box="[1384,1431,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="CC2EF81A11367255F8A1090184062249" box="[151,274,259,285]" country="Peru" name="Cajamarca" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">Cajamarca</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="1FE72FDA11367255F92A090087552249" box="[284,577,258,285]" location="Hda. Udima" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">
|
||
<quantity id="C9129B1D11367255F92A0900849F2249" box="[284,395,258,285]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" unit="km" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10–15 km</quantity>
|
||
SE Hda. Udima
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="0B35602311367255FA7D090187FB2249" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:864387EE11357255F8A10B64868920D5:0B35602311367255FA7D090187FB2249" box="[587,751,259,285]" country="Peru" name="Qda. El Palmo" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" stateProvince="Cajamarca">Qda. El Palmo</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="C9129B1D11367255FACF090186812249" box="[761,917,259,285]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" unit="m" value="2500.0" valueMax="2600.0" valueMin="2400.0">
|
||
<elevation id="85C7D1CB11367255FACF090186812249" box="[761,917,259,285]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" unit="m" value="2500.0" valueMax="2600.0" valueMin="2400.0">2400–2600 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="7A54103811367255FB96090081042249" box="[928,1040,258,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" value="1982-05-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6A10E9D011367255FB96090081042249" box="[928,1040,258,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" value="1982-05-15">15.v.1982</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="A31F532E11367255FC2D090181922249" box="[1051,1158,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">G. Lamas</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="A31F532E11367255FC91090180172249" box="[1191,1283,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">E. Pérez</collectorName>
|
||
leg.,
|
||
<collectionCode id="68FBAE3D11367255FD090901808C2249" box="[1343,1432,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">MUSM</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="BE823CA511367255F8A10925808C2215" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413048374" box="[151,1432,294,321]" collectingDate="2017-07-24" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="J. Grados" country="Peru" elevation="2980" location="Geopampa" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Lambayeque" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="18ECFD7111367255F8A1092585D22215" box="[151,198,295,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="CC2EF81A11367255F8E5092584732215" box="[211,359,295,321]" country="Peru" name="Lambayeque" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">Lambayeque</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="0B35602311367255F945092584FB2215" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:864387EE11357255F8A10B64868920D5:0B35602311367255F945092584FB2215" box="[371,495,295,321]" country="Peru" name="Geopampa" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" stateProvince="Lambayeque">Geopampa</location>
|
||
, geographical coordinates (wrong),
|
||
<quantity id="C9129B1D11367255FBBF092481332215" box="[905,1063,294,321]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9795" metricValueMax="3.135" metricValueMin="2.824" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" unit="m" value="2979.5" valueMax="3135.0" valueMin="2824.0">
|
||
<elevation id="85C7D1CB11367255FBBF092481332215" box="[905,1063,294,321]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9795" metricValueMax="3.135" metricValueMin="2.824" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" unit="m" value="2979.5" valueMax="3135.0" valueMin="2824.0">2824–3135 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="7A54103811367255FC03092581A32215" box="[1077,1207,295,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" value="2017-07-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6A10E9D011367255FC03092581A32215" box="[1077,1207,295,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" value="2017-07-24">24.vii.2017</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="A31F532E11367255FCF2092580262215" box="[1220,1330,295,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">J. Grados</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="68FBAE3D11367255FD090925808C2215" box="[1343,1432,295,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">MUSM</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="BE823CA511367255F8A10949844F22DD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413048301" collectingDate="2017-07-24" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="G. Espinoza & E. Gambos" country="Peru" elevation="2824" latitude="-6.0744443" location="3,1 km SSE Kanaris" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Lambayeque" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="18ECFD7111367255F8A1094985DC2231" box="[151,200,331,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="76FD766811367255F8EE0949841A2231" box="[216,270,331,357]" name="Peru" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="CC2EF81A11367255F928094984A62231" box="[286,434,331,357]" country="Peru" name="Lambayeque" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">Lambayeque</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="0B35602311367255F9F7094987BC2231" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:864387EE11357255F8A10B64868920D5:0B35602311367255F9F7094987BC2231" box="[449,680,331,357]" country="Peru" latitude="-6.0744443" name="3,1 km SSE Kanaris" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" stateProvince="Lambayeque">
|
||
<quantity id="C9129B1D11367255F9F70949871C2231" box="[449,520,331,357]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" unit="km" value="3.1">3,1km</quantity>
|
||
SSE Kañaris
|
||
</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6BDE503F11367255FA8E0949862C2231" box="[696,824,331,357]" degrees="06" direction="south" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" precision="15" seconds="28" value="-6.0744443">
|
||
06
|
||
<superScript id="F99F9BB011367255FAE2094987C8220D" attach="none" box="[724,732,331,345]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">o</superScript>
|
||
04’28’’S
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
/
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79
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15’02’’
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,
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<elevation id="85C7D1CB11367255FBF80949813D2231" box="[974,1065,331,357]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.824" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" unit="m" value="2824.0">2824 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<date id="7A54103811367255FC0F094981AF2231" box="[1081,1211,331,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" value="2017-07-24">
|
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<collectingDate id="6A10E9D011367255FC0F094981AF2231" box="[1081,1211,331,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" value="2017-07-24">24.vii.2017</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
|
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<collectorName id="A31F532E11367255FCFD0949804C2231" box="[1227,1368,331,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">G. Espinoza</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="A31F532E11367255FDB2094985E322DD" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">E. Gambos</collectorName>
|
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,
|
||
<collectionCode id="68FBAE3D11367255F934096D844F22DD" box="[258,347,367,393]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">MUSM</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="46F0657311367255F8F1099184AC2285" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="0E5536F811367255F8F1099184AC2285" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,898]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11367255F8F10991845A22F9" bold="true" box="[199,334,403,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The subspecies name is a feminine Latin adjective meaning ‘wide’, in reference to the HWV median pale yellow band.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="46F0657311367255F8F109D9868920D5" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="0E5536F811367255F8F109D984BC206D" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,898]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11367255F8F109D9842F22A1" bold="true" box="[199,315,475,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This subspecies is known so far only from a handful of specimens collected in the upper Chamaya river valley in an area where several other new species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11367255FB0309FD86D2214D" authorityName="Reuter" authorityYear="1896" box="[821,966,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Pronophilina">Pronophilina</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been discovered (within the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11367255F8A10A2184ED2169" authority="Doubleday, [1849]" authorityName="Doubleday" authorityYear="1849" box="[151,505,546,573]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Pronophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11367255F8A10A2184022169" box="[151,278,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">Pronophila</emphasis>
|
||
Doubleday, [1849]
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11367255FA3C0A2186CB2169" authority="C. Felder & R. Felder, 1859" authorityName="C. Felder & R. Felder" authorityYear="1859" box="[522,991,546,573]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Lasiophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11367255FA3C0A2187962169" box="[522,642,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">Lasiophila</emphasis>
|
||
C. Felder & R. Felder, 1859
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11367255FBD80A21801E216A" authority="Butler, 1867" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1867" box="[1006,1290,547,574]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Pedaliodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11367255FBD80A21817E2169" box="[1006,1130,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">Pedaliodes</emphasis>
|
||
Butler, 1867
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). When first collected, it was identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11367255F9C70A4587F42135" box="[497,736,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="undulata" subSpecies="milaena">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11367255F9C70A45871C2134" box="[497,520,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11367255FA2F0A4587F42135" box="[537,736,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">undulata milaena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is known from southernmost
|
||
<collectingCountry id="76FD766811367255FCA40A4581E52135" box="[1170,1265,583,609]" name="Ecuador" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
, because of its extremely similar appearance, in particular the shape of the HWV median band. However, its male genitalia are very distinct from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11367255F9A60A8D876E21FD" box="[400,634,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="undulata" subSpecies="milaena">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11367255F9A60A8D84B321FC" box="[400,423,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11367255F9830A8D876E21FD" box="[437,634,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">undulata milaena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, bearing a close resemblance to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11367255FC7C0A8D81F721FC" authorityName="Mahecha-J & Florczyk & Willmott & Cerdeña & Zubek & Boyer & Farfán & Lachowska-Cierlik & Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Pyrcz & Willmott" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[1098,1251,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pauperata" status="stat. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11367255FC7C0A8D817521FC" box="[1098,1121,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11367255FC460A8D81F721FC" box="[1136,1251,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">pauperata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11367255FCDC0A8D802E21FD" bold="true" box="[1258,1338,655,681]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27AD579111367255FCDC0A8D802E21FD" box="[1258,1338,655,681]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">n. stat.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, with an arched uncus, the basal projection of the valva and multiple crown-like teeth on apex. COI barcode data confirm their close affinity, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11367255F9A30AD5874021A5" authorityName="Pyrcz & Boyer" authorityYear="2021" box="[405,596,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ronda" subSpecies="amplia">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11367255F9A30AD584B821A4" box="[405,428,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11367255F98A0AD5874021A5" box="[444,596,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">ronda amplia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11367255FA6B0AD587A421A5" bold="true" box="[605,688,727,753]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">n. ssp.,</emphasis>
|
||
falls within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11367255FB5A0AD5811221A4" authorityName="Mahecha-J & Florczyk & Willmott & Cerdeña & Zubek & Boyer & Farfán & Lachowska-Cierlik & Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Pyrcz & Willmott" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[876,1030,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pauperata" status="stat. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11367255FB5A0AD5869721A4" box="[876,899,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11367255FBA50AD5811221A4" box="[915,1030,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">pauperata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11367255FC380AD5817421A5" bold="true" box="[1038,1120,727,753]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27AD579111367255FC380AD5817421A5" box="[1038,1120,727,753]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">n. stat.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
clade. Externally, however,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11367255F8A10AF9843B2040" authorityName="Mahecha-J & Florczyk & Willmott & Cerdeña & Zubek & Boyer & Farfán & Lachowska-Cierlik & Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Pyrcz & Willmott" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[151,303,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pauperata" status="stat. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11367255F8A10AF985BA2040" box="[151,174,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11367255F88A0AF9843B2040" box="[188,303,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">pauperata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11367255F9000AF984922041" bold="true" box="[310,390,763,789]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27AD579111367255F9000AF984922041" box="[310,390,763,789]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">n. stat.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, is markedly different, being considerably larger, with prominent ventral ocelli and no yellow median band (
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11367255F9000B1D8488206D" box="[310,412,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1284,1308]" captionTargetBox="[171,1415,185,1248]" captionTargetId="figure-21@21.[165,1423,181,1261]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 10. Male genitalia x adults comparison indicating morphological similarities and genetic affinities (outer—genitalia in lateral view, aedeagus omitted, middle—wings venter) A. M. ronda n. sp., Peru, Laguna Salahuindo, prep. genit. 1571 B. M. inderena similis, Peru, Balzapamba, prep. genit. H_161 C. M. ronda amplia n. ssp., Peru, Abra de Porculla, prep. genit. 1572 D. M. undulata milaena, Peru, Jimbura, prep. genit. H_175 E. M. pauperata n. stat., Peru, Zamora, prep. genit. H_246" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744577" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744577/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">Fig. 10E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0E5536F811367255F8F10B41868920D5" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,898]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">
|
||
So far,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11367255F9210B4184C62009" authorityName="Pyrcz & Boyer" authorityYear="2021" box="[279,466,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ronda" subSpecies="amplia">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11367255F9210B41843A2008" box="[279,302,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11367255F90A0B4184C62009" box="[316,466,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">ronda amplia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11367255F9EF0B4187362009" bold="true" box="[473,546,835,861]" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">n. ssp.</emphasis>
|
||
is known from two localities, in the western Peruvian Andes in the departments of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="CC2EF81A11367255F8800B65845320D5" box="[182,327,871,897]" country="Peru" name="Lambayeque" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">Lambayeque</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="CC2EF81A11367255F94B0B6584E120D5" box="[381,501,871,897]" country="Peru" name="Cajamarca" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">Cajamarca</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11367255FA320B65874220D6" box="[516,598,871,898]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1961,1985]" captionTargetBox="[173,1414,986,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-320@30.[169,1419,982,1937]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 16. Huancabamba Deflection area map with new taxa known localities." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744595" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744595/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="207">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
), separated by some
|
||
<quantity id="C9129B1D11367255FB770B65868D20D5" box="[833,921,871,897]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="207" unit="km" value="100.0">100 km</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |