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<mods:title id="8961C262CA7FCBEE5A4D731750F7A21A">A revision of the click beetle genus Ctenoplus Candèze, 1863 (Coleoptera: Elateridae, Synaptina)</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="40D551D6FFE2E94BFE8DFDCF956FFDB0" authority="Candeze" authorityName=", Candeze" authorityYear="1891" box="[264,598,563,590]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Ctenoplus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">
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<emphasis id="B5A1F647FFE2E94BFE8DFDCF96DBFDB3" bold="true" box="[264,482,564,590]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Ctenoplus collaris</emphasis>
Candèze
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<paragraph id="876A2A55FFE2E94BFE8DFDAC957BFD8C" blockId="38.[264,598,563,625]" box="[264,578,599,625]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FFE2E94BFE8DFDAC96BCFD8C" box="[264,389,599,625]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–14" captionStartId="8.[264,383,561,585]" captionTargetBox="[267,1321,299,540]" captionTargetId="figure-415@8.[264,1323,263,566]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 11–14. Head capsule of Ctenoplus species, dorsal. 11, C. collaris Cand.; 12, C. pseudocollaris n. sp.; 13, C. dorsalis n. sp.; 14, C. divergens n. sp. Scale bar = 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064804/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figures 11</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FFE2E94BFE17FDAC968BFD8C" box="[402,434,599,625]" captionStart="FIGURES 60–63" captionStartId="21.[264,382,1774,1798]" captionTargetBox="[307,1288,1118,1760]" captionTargetId="figure-328@21.[264,1323,1106,1789]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 60–63. apex of elytra of Ctenoplus species, dorsal. 64, 65: left elytron of Ctenoplus species, dorsal. 60, C. javanensis Cand.; 61, C. sanguinolentoides n. sp.; 62, C. collaris Cand.; 63, C. siamensis n. sp.; 64, C. balli n. sp.; 65, C. girardianus n. sp. Scale bar = 60–63: 0.5 mm; 64, 65: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064820" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064820/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">62</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FFE2E94BFE3BFDAC96E7FD8C" box="[446,478,599,625]" captionStart="FIGURES 66–85" captionStartId="22.[264,382,1424,1448]" captionTargetBox="[293,1279,326,1378]" captionTargetId="figure-207@22.[264,1323,326,1438]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 66–85. Male genitalia of Ctenoplus species, dorsal aspect unless otherwise specified. 66, C. javanensis Cand.; 67, C. sumatrensis n. sp.; 68, C. sanguinolentoides n. sp.; 69, C. nitidipennis Schwarz; 70, C. indicus n. sp.; 71, C. collaris Cand., a, dorsal, b, ventral; 72, C. pseudocollaris n. sp.; 73, C. neosiamensis n. sp.; 74, C. siamensis n. sp.; 75, C. rufoantennatus n. sp.; 76, C. castaneus (Fleut.), a, dorsal, b, lateral; 77, C. coomani Fleut.; 78, C. divergens n. sp.; 79, C. alutaceus n. sp., a, dorsal, b, lateral; 80, C. semialutaceus n. sp.; 81, C. balli n. sp.; 82, C. girardianus n. sp.; 83, C. gigas n. sp.; 84, C. cateianus n. sp.; 85, C. deceptus n. sp. Abbreviations: st, median struts; pa, parameres; ph, phallobase. Scale bar = 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064822" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064822/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">71</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FFE2E94BFE6FFDAC9533FD8C" box="[490,522,599,625]" captionStart="FIGURES 89–97" captionStartId="28.[264,382,1499,1523]" captionTargetBox="[300,1286,365,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-96@28.[264,1323,330,1493]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 89–97. Female genitalia of Ctenoplus species. 89, C. sumatrensis n. sp.; 90, C. sanguinolentus Cand.; 91, C. sanguinolentoides n. sp.; 92, C. nitidipennis Schwarz; 93, C. indicus n. sp.; 94, C. collaris (Cand.); 95, C. neosiamensis n. sp.; 96, C. rufoantennatus n. sp.; 97, C. castaneus (Fleut.). Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064826" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064826/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">94</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FFE2E94BFD93FDAC957BFD8C" box="[534,578,599,625]" captionStart="FIGURE 109" captionStartId="39.[264,367,1057,1081]" captionTargetBox="[358,1224,318,1023]" captionTargetId="figure-237@39.[358,1224,318,1037]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 109. Distribution of Ctenoplus species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064834" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064834/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">109</figureCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="06740C44FFE2E94BFE8DFD5C958CFD40" author="Candeze, E." box="[264,693,678,702]" page="123" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" year="1889">
<taxonomicName id="40D551D6FFE2E94BFE8DFD5C958CFD40" authority="Candeze 1889: 123" authorityName=", Candeze" authorityPageNumber="123" authorityYear="1891" box="[264,693,678,702]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Ctenoplus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FFE2E94BFE8DFD5C96E9FD43" box="[264,464,679,702]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Ctenoplus collaris</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="E34457A4FFE2E94BFE59FD5D958CFD40" author="Candeze, E." box="[476,693,678,701]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="67 - 123" refId="ref36065" refString="Candeze, E. (1889) Elaterides nouveaux. Quatrieme fascicule. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 33, 67 - 123 (separate pp. 1 - 57)." type="journal article" year="1889">Candèze 1889: 123</bibRefCitation>
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; sex and number of specimens not stated; 
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locality: &quot; 
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; 
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<emphasis id="B5A1F647FFE2E94BFE8DFD1C96F5FD03" box="[264,460,743,766]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Ctenoplus collaris</emphasis>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="E34457A4FFE2E94BFE5FFD1D9593FD00" author="Candeze, E." box="[474,682,742,765]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref36100" refString="Candeze, E. (1891) Catalogue Methodique des Elaterides connu en 1890. H. Vaillant-Carmanne, Liege, 246 pp." type="book" year="1891">Candèze 1891: 209</bibRefCitation>
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, 
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<bibRefCitation id="E34457A4FFE2E94BFD30FD1D941AFD00" author="Candeze, E." box="[693,803,742,765]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="486 - 504" refId="ref36124" refString="Candeze, E. (1894) Elaterides reucilles par M. le docteur E. Modigliani aux bords du lac de Toba, a Sumatra, de Novembre 1890 a Mars 1891. Annali del Museo Civico de Storia Naturele di Genova, Ser. 2, 14, 486 - 504 (separate pp. 3 - 23)." type="journal article" year="1894">1894: 502</bibRefCitation>
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; 
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<bibRefCitation id="E34457A4FFE2E94BFCAAFD1D9339FD00" author="Schwarz, O." box="[815,1024,742,765]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="225 - 370" refId="ref36824" refString="Schwarz, O. (1907) Elateridae; In: Wystman, P. (Ed.) Genera Insectorum. Coleoptera, Fasc. 46 C. P. Wystman, Bruxelles. pp. 225 - 370." type="book chapter" year="1907">Schwarz 1907: 295</bibRefCitation>
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; 
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<bibRefCitation id="E34457A4FFE2E94BFB8EFD1D93C1FD00" author="Schenkling, S." box="[1035,1272,742,765]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref36782" refString="Schenkling, S. (1927) Coleoptorum Catalogus. Elateridae II. Junk, Berlin. 636 pp." type="book" year="1927">Schenkling 1927: 490</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<paragraph id="876A2A55FFE2E94BFE8DFCD49646FCB5" blockId="38.[264,1324,815,1161]" box="[264,383,815,840]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FFE2E94BFE8DFCD49646FCB5" box="[264,383,815,840]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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Small, red and black 
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<emphasis id="B5A1F647FFE2E94BFDC2FCAC9587FC8D" box="[583,702,855,880]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Ctenoplus</emphasis>
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, with relatively large, dense frontal punctures. 
<taxonomicName id="40D551D6FFE2E94BFA95FCAC9658FC65" authorityName=", Candeze" authorityYear="1891" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Ctenoplus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FFE2E94BFA95FCAC9658FC65" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">C. collaris</emphasis>
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is similar to 
<taxonomicName id="40D551D6FFE2E94BFE7FFC8495F1FC65" authority="Fuller &amp; Platia, 2006" authorityName="Fuller &amp; Platia" authorityYear="2006" box="[506,712,895,920]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Ctenoplus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudocollaris" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FFE2E94BFE7FFC8495F1FC65" box="[506,712,895,920]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">C. pseudocollaris</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B5A1F647FFE2E94BFD55FC85942BFC65" bold="true" box="[720,786,894,920]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AE924B3CFFE2E94BFD55FC85942BFC65" box="[720,786,894,920]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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but can be distinguished by the punctation on the frons and by the male genitalia. In 
<taxonomicName id="40D551D6FFE2E94BFD5BFC5C9462FC3D" authorityName=", Candeze" authorityYear="1891" box="[734,859,935,960]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Ctenoplus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FFE2E94BFD5BFC5C9462FC3D" box="[734,859,935,960]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">C. collaris</emphasis>
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, frontal punctures are larger and more dense (
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FFE2E94BFEE7FC349684FC14" box="[354,445,975,1001]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–14" captionStartId="8.[264,383,561,585]" captionTargetBox="[267,1321,299,540]" captionTargetId="figure-415@8.[264,1323,263,566]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 11–14. Head capsule of Ctenoplus species, dorsal. 11, C. collaris Cand.; 12, C. pseudocollaris n. sp.; 13, C. dorsalis n. sp.; 14, C. divergens n. sp. Scale bar = 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064804/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
) and the apex of the median lobe is more rounded (
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FFE2E94BFBE9FC3493F5FC14" box="[1132,1228,975,1001]" captionStart="FIGURES 66–85" captionStartId="22.[264,382,1424,1448]" captionTargetBox="[293,1279,326,1378]" captionTargetId="figure-207@22.[264,1323,326,1438]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 66–85. Male genitalia of Ctenoplus species, dorsal aspect unless otherwise specified. 66, C. javanensis Cand.; 67, C. sumatrensis n. sp.; 68, C. sanguinolentoides n. sp.; 69, C. nitidipennis Schwarz; 70, C. indicus n. sp.; 71, C. collaris Cand., a, dorsal, b, ventral; 72, C. pseudocollaris n. sp.; 73, C. neosiamensis n. sp.; 74, C. siamensis n. sp.; 75, C. rufoantennatus n. sp.; 76, C. castaneus (Fleut.), a, dorsal, b, lateral; 77, C. coomani Fleut.; 78, C. divergens n. sp.; 79, C. alutaceus n. sp., a, dorsal, b, lateral; 80, C. semialutaceus n. sp.; 81, C. balli n. sp.; 82, C. girardianus n. sp.; 83, C. gigas n. sp.; 84, C. cateianus n. sp.; 85, C. deceptus n. sp. Abbreviations: st, median struts; pa, parameres; ph, phallobase. Scale bar = 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064822" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064822/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 71</figureCitation>
). In 
<taxonomicName id="40D551D6FFE2E94BFA95FC34968DFBED" authorityName="Fuller &amp; Platia" authorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Ctenoplus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudocollaris">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FFE2E94BFA95FC34968DFBED" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">C. pseudocollaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the frontal punctures are smaller and sparser (
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FFE2E94BFC67FC0C9301FBEC" box="[994,1080,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–14" captionStartId="8.[264,383,561,585]" captionTargetBox="[267,1321,299,540]" captionTargetId="figure-415@8.[264,1323,263,566]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 11–14. Head capsule of Ctenoplus species, dorsal. 11, C. collaris Cand.; 12, C. pseudocollaris n. sp.; 13, C. dorsalis n. sp.; 14, C. divergens n. sp. Scale bar = 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064804/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
) and the apex of the median lobe is pointed (
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FFE2E94BFDA7FBE49540FBC4" box="[546,633,1055,1081]" captionStart="FIGURES 66–85" captionStartId="22.[264,382,1424,1448]" captionTargetBox="[293,1279,326,1378]" captionTargetId="figure-207@22.[264,1323,326,1438]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 66–85. Male genitalia of Ctenoplus species, dorsal aspect unless otherwise specified. 66, C. javanensis Cand.; 67, C. sumatrensis n. sp.; 68, C. sanguinolentoides n. sp.; 69, C. nitidipennis Schwarz; 70, C. indicus n. sp.; 71, C. collaris Cand., a, dorsal, b, ventral; 72, C. pseudocollaris n. sp.; 73, C. neosiamensis n. sp.; 74, C. siamensis n. sp.; 75, C. rufoantennatus n. sp.; 76, C. castaneus (Fleut.), a, dorsal, b, lateral; 77, C. coomani Fleut.; 78, C. divergens n. sp.; 79, C. alutaceus n. sp., a, dorsal, b, lateral; 80, C. semialutaceus n. sp.; 81, C. balli n. sp.; 82, C. girardianus n. sp.; 83, C. gigas n. sp.; 84, C. cateianus n. sp.; 85, C. deceptus n. sp. Abbreviations: st, median struts; pa, parameres; ph, phallobase. Scale bar = 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064822" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064822/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 72</figureCitation>
). Distribution can also be used to separate 
<taxonomicName id="40D551D6FFE2E94BFBEAFBE493D2FBC5" authorityName=", Candeze" authorityYear="1891" box="[1135,1259,1055,1080]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Ctenoplus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FFE2E94BFBEAFBE493D2FBC5" box="[1135,1259,1055,1080]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">C. collaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<taxonomicName id="40D551D6FFE2E94BFE8DFBBC96E1FB9D" authorityName="Fuller &amp; Platia" authorityYear="2006" box="[264,472,1095,1120]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Ctenoplus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudocollaris">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FFE2E94BFE8DFBBC96E1FB9D" box="[264,472,1095,1120]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">C. pseudocollaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: the former is known from the Mentawei Islands south of Sumatra and northwestern Sumatra, while the latter is known from 
<collectingCountry id="FFC26AC5FFE2E94BFC04FB9494C9FB74" box="[897,1008,1135,1161]" name="Malaysia" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FFE2E94BFE8DFB4496ABFB25" blockId="38.[264,1321,1215,1801]" box="[264,402,1215,1240]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FFE2E94BFE8DFB4496ABFB25" box="[264,402,1215,1240]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FFE2E94BFEBDFB1C9381FAAC" blockId="38.[264,1321,1215,1801]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
Prothorax red; head and elytra black; venter of meso­ and metathorax reddish­black to black; legs and palpomeres yellowish­brown; antennae reddish­black to black, darker in males than females; setae yellowish­white. Length: 6.0– 
<quantity id="402D87B0FFE2E94BFC19FACC94C1FAAC" box="[924,1016,1335,1361]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
; width: 2.0 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FFE2E94BFEBDFAA496AFF8F4" blockId="38.[264,1321,1215,1801]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
Head. Punctures separated from nearest neighbour by less than 1/2 own diameter (
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FFE2E94BFB7CFAA4961FFA5C" captionStart="FIGURES 11–14" captionStartId="8.[264,383,561,585]" captionTargetBox="[267,1321,299,540]" captionTargetId="figure-415@8.[264,1323,263,566]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 11–14. Head capsule of Ctenoplus species, dorsal. 11, C. collaris Cand.; 12, C. pseudocollaris n. sp.; 13, C. dorsalis n. sp.; 14, C. divergens n. sp. Scale bar = 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064804/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
); punctures relatively deep, those between eyes about 2X diameter of those on vertex; setae about as long as longest setae on antennae. Antenna: antennomere 1 with punctures slightly smaller than lateral frontal punctures, almost contiguous, cuticle microrugose, shiny; antennomere 2 globular, antennomere 3 subtriangular, about 2/3 width of antennomere 4, cuticle like antennomere 1; antennomeres 2+3 slightly longer than antennomere 4; antennomeres 4–10 subtriangular, anterior margin convex beyond basal stalk, antennomeres 4 and 5 about as long as distal width, antennomeres 6–10 progressively longer than wide, anterior margin of antennomeres 4–10 lighter in colour and more densely setate than posterior margin; antennae extending to apex of pronotal hind angles.
</paragraph>
<caption id="D3AA7ADDFFE3E94AFE8DFBDA9421FBC5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064834" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5064834" box="[264,792,1057,1081]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064834/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" startId="39.[264,367,1057,1081]" targetBox="[358,1224,318,1023]" targetPageId="39">
<paragraph id="876A2A55FFE3E94AFE8DFBDA9421FBC5" blockId="39.[264,792,1057,1081]" box="[264,792,1057,1081]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FFE3E94AFE8DFBDA969CFBC4" bold="true" box="[264,421,1057,1081]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">FIGURE 109.</emphasis>
Distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="40D551D6FFE3E94AFDD5FBD99421FBC5" box="[592,792,1057,1081]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Ctenoplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FFE3E94AFDD5FBD99585FBC4" box="[592,700,1058,1081]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Ctenoplus</emphasis>
species.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FFE3E94AFEBDFB9794DDF923" blockId="39.[264,1323,1132,1878]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
Prothorax. Pronotum subquadrate, somewhat flattened along midline; lateral margins subparallel to slightly convex at middle, converging in anterior 1/4–1/2, hind angles slightly divergent; punctures about same size as posterior frontoclypeal punctures, separated by about 2X own diameters at center of disk, becoming separated by about 1/2 own diameters at lateral margin; posterior margin as in 
<taxonomicName id="40D551D6FFE3E94AFC4FFAF79357FAD8" box="[970,1134,1292,1317]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Ctenoplus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javanensis">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FFE3E94AFC4FFAF79357FAD8" box="[970,1134,1292,1317]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">C. javanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(c.f., 
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FFE3E94AFB45FAF79225FADB" box="[1216,1308,1292,1318]" captionStart="FIGURES 31–43" captionStartId="14.[264,382,1697,1721]" captionTargetBox="[369,1208,554,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-170@14.[359,1241,544,1699]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 31–43. Pronotal outline of Ctenoplus species, dorsal. 31, C. javanensis Cand.; 32, C. sumatrensis n. sp.; 33, C. sanguinolentoides n. sp.; 34, C. indicus n. sp.; 35, C. rufoantennatus n. sp.; 36, C. castaneus (Fleut.); 37, C. coomani Fleut.; 38, C. divergens n. sp., a: male, b: female; 39, C. alutaceus n. sp.; 40, C. semialutaceus n. sp.; 41, C. gigas n. sp.; 42, C. cateianus n. sp.; 43, C. dorsalis n. sp. Abbreviation: bf, sublateral longitudinal incision. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064810/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
). Hypomeron: punctures about 1/2 size of lateral pronotal punctures, separated from nearest neighbour by about 2X own diameters; setae subequal in length to pronotal setae; posterolateral angle acute in most specimens, with abrupt right angle in 
<specimenCount id="91D3E1DCFFE3E94AFB03FA7F9212FA63" box="[1158,1323,1412,1438]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
(asymmetrical); posterior 1/4 glabrous. Prosternum: anterior lobe with minute punctures on anterior ridge, punctures on rest of lobe large, contiguous, relatively deep, simple; punctures grading from relatively large anteriorly, subequal to those on lobe and almost contiguous, to very small, widely spaced posteriorly; prosternal setae somewhat finer than and about same length as pronotal setae, directed mesally laterally, becoming directed posteriorly along midline; prosternal spine: submarginal groove­carina combination continuing anteriorly onto prosternum for distance subequal to width of procoxa, groove divergent posteriorly, becoming slightly convergent anteriorly.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FFE3E945FEBDF917921CFE53" blockId="39.[264,1323,1132,1878]" lastBlockId="40.[264,1323,284,1710]" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Mesothorax. Scutellum convex, midline bluntly pointed; posterior margin broadly rounded, anterior margin weakly convex; punctures minute. Mesosternum: posterior 1/4 raised and thickened laterally between mesocoxae, lateral margins between mesocoxae horizontal in lateral aspect, posterior margin weakly concave; in ventral aspect posterior margin between mesocoxae variably concave; punctures small, inconspicuous. Mesepisternum: posterior margin narrowly and posteromesal angle broadly glabrous; anterior setae as on mesosternum, posterior setae shorter with somewhat larger punctures.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FFECE945FEBDFE479437FCEB" blockId="40.[264,1323,284,1710]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
Metathorax. Metasternum: carina posterad mesocoxae about as long as mesocoxa; punctures simple, grading from medium­sized, almost contiguous near submarginal groove to minute, separated by 3–5X own diameter near midline. Elytra: lateral margins subparallel in basal 1/2, gradually converging in apical 1/2; apex of each elytron with tooth­like projection, projections slightly divergent from each other, tooth about as long as basal width (
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FFECE945FE1AFD7F96CEFD63" box="[415,503,644,670]" captionStart="FIGURES 60–63" captionStartId="21.[264,382,1774,1798]" captionTargetBox="[307,1288,1118,1760]" captionTargetId="figure-328@21.[264,1323,1106,1789]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 60–63. apex of elytra of Ctenoplus species, dorsal. 64, 65: left elytron of Ctenoplus species, dorsal. 60, C. javanensis Cand.; 61, C. sanguinolentoides n. sp.; 62, C. collaris Cand.; 63, C. siamensis n. sp.; 64, C. balli n. sp.; 65, C. girardianus n. sp. Scale bar = 60–63: 0.5 mm; 64, 65: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064820" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064820/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 62</figureCitation>
); striae 1–3 weakly impressed, other striae absent; margins of striae 1 and 2 vertical basally, stria 3 with sloping margins; punctures of striae separated by up to 1.5X own diameters, punctures with vertical walls, moderately deep, simple; intervals with minute punctures, irregularly arranged.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FFECE945FEBDFCDF9336FCC3" blockId="40.[264,1323,284,1710]" box="[312,1039,804,830]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Legs. Tarsomere 4 with small ventral lobe; claws with 5 tines.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FFECE945FEBDFCB793ECF953" blockId="40.[264,1323,284,1710]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
Abdomen. Terga heavily sclerotized; spiracles enclosed on terga 2–6; cuticle microrugose, punctures decreasing in number from tergum 1 to tergum 6, no obvious punctures on tergum 7; tergum 7 apex less heavily sclerotized than rest of tergum. Ventral punctures relatively dense throughout, separated by 1–2X own diameter along midline, punctures larger and shallower laterally; ventrite 5 about as long as basal width; punctures slightly larger than other ventrites, somewhat tear­drop shaped, lateral punctures about 2X diameter of median punctures, shallow, simple, extreme lateral punctures minute; dorsal submarginal carina broadly V­shaped, becoming distinctly elevated anteriorly; sternum 8 with heavily pigmented triangular sclerites on dorsal surface by intersegmental membrane at posterolateral angle. Male genitalia, 
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FFECE945FD5BFB4F940EFB33" box="[734,823,1204,1230]" captionStart="FIGURES 66–85" captionStartId="22.[264,382,1424,1448]" captionTargetBox="[293,1279,326,1378]" captionTargetId="figure-207@22.[264,1323,326,1438]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 66–85. Male genitalia of Ctenoplus species, dorsal aspect unless otherwise specified. 66, C. javanensis Cand.; 67, C. sumatrensis n. sp.; 68, C. sanguinolentoides n. sp.; 69, C. nitidipennis Schwarz; 70, C. indicus n. sp.; 71, C. collaris Cand., a, dorsal, b, ventral; 72, C. pseudocollaris n. sp.; 73, C. neosiamensis n. sp.; 74, C. siamensis n. sp.; 75, C. rufoantennatus n. sp.; 76, C. castaneus (Fleut.), a, dorsal, b, lateral; 77, C. coomani Fleut.; 78, C. divergens n. sp.; 79, C. alutaceus n. sp., a, dorsal, b, lateral; 80, C. semialutaceus n. sp.; 81, C. balli n. sp.; 82, C. girardianus n. sp.; 83, C. gigas n. sp.; 84, C. cateianus n. sp.; 85, C. deceptus n. sp. Abbreviations: st, median struts; pa, parameres; ph, phallobase. Scale bar = 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064822" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064822/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 71</figureCitation>
; median lobe widening in basal 3/4, then narrowing, apical 1/4 thickened laterally and apically; mesal margins of paramere straight in ventral aspect, not covering median lobe; articulation between parameres and basal piece darkly pigmented; in lateral aspect, parameres narrowed to 2/3 basal width at level of apical expansion, dorsal margin relatively straight, ventral margin declivous at narrowed part. Female genitalia, 
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FFECE945FDA9FA8795B3FA6B" box="[556,650,1404,1430]" captionStart="FIGURES 89–97" captionStartId="28.[264,382,1499,1523]" captionTargetBox="[300,1286,365,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-96@28.[264,1323,330,1493]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 89–97. Female genitalia of Ctenoplus species. 89, C. sumatrensis n. sp.; 90, C. sanguinolentus Cand.; 91, C. sanguinolentoides n. sp.; 92, C. nitidipennis Schwarz; 93, C. indicus n. sp.; 94, C. collaris (Cand.); 95, C. neosiamensis n. sp.; 96, C. rufoantennatus n. sp.; 97, C. castaneus (Fleut.). Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064826" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064826/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 94</figureCitation>
; bursal plates narrow, attenuated posteriorly, rounded anteriorly, with moderate covering of stout triangular spines; ventral plate longer than dorsal plate, ventral plate extending to anterior end of bursa, dorsal plate about 3/4 length of ventral plate; bursa with band of free spines at posterior end of plates, covering middle 1/3 of bursa; remains of spermatophore in bursa and tubular extension in specimen examined; tubular extension: relatively long, irregularly but strongly coiled, with 2 rows of spines in specimens with inflated extension, spines larger and irregularly spaced near spermathecal gland, rows of spines uniform in width; sac­like spermatheca at base.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FFECE945FE8DF91F9690F900" blockId="40.[264,1323,1764,1870]" box="[264,425,1764,1789]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FFECE945FE8DF91F9690F900" box="[264,425,1764,1789]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<typeStatus id="586E94F7FFECE945FE8DF91F9606F900" box="[264,319,1764,1789]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Type</typeStatus>
material
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FFECE944FEBDF8F794DDFDB3" blockId="40.[264,1323,1764,1870]" lastBlockId="41.[264,1323,284,590]" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<bibRefCitation id="E34457A4FFECE945FEBDF8F796C8F8DB" author="Candeze, E." box="[312,497,1804,1830]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="67 - 123" refId="ref36065" refString="Candeze, E. (1889) Elaterides nouveaux. Quatrieme fascicule. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 33, 67 - 123 (separate pp. 1 - 57)." type="journal article" year="1889">Candèze (1889)</bibRefCitation>
did not state the sex or number of specimens examined in the original description of this species. Three specimens were received from ISNB when the type material of 
<taxonomicName id="40D551D6FFEDE944FE1CFEE79520FEC8" authorityName=", Candeze" authorityYear="1891" box="[409,537,284,309]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Ctenoplus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FFEDE944FE1CFEE79520FEC8" box="[409,537,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">C. collaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was requested. The first specimen, a male, bears the following labels: “Bodjo” [small label glued to yellow ISNB curatorial label]/ “n. sp. collaris; Bodjo Weyers”/ “ 
<taxonomicName id="40D551D6FFEDE944FE14FE979592FE7B" authority="Cd" authorityName=", Candeze" authorityYear="1891" box="[401,683,364,390]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Ctenoplus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">Ctenoplus collaris Cd</taxonomicName>
” [handwritten]; “dét. E. Candeze”/ “TYPE” [red curatorial label]. This specimen is designated the 
<typeStatus id="586E94F7FFEDE944FCEAFE6F94E3FE53" box="[879,986,404,430]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="40D551D6FFEDE944FB8EFE6F93B2FE50" authorityName=", Candeze" authorityYear="1891" box="[1035,1163,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Ctenoplus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FFEDE944FB8EFE6F93B2FE50" box="[1035,1163,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">C. collaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The second specimen, a female, bears the following labels: “ 
<collectingCountry id="FFC26AC5FFEDE944FCC1FE479332FE2B" box="[836,1035,444,470]" name="INDONESIE Ile" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">INDONESIE Ile</collectingCountry>
Bodjo” [handwritten on yellow ISNB curatorial label]/ “ 
<taxonomicName id="40D551D6FFEDE944FD04FE1F949AFE03" authority="Cand" authorityName=", Candeze" authorityYear="1891" box="[641,931,484,510]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Ctenoplus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">Ctenoplus collaris Cand</taxonomicName>
” [handwritten], dét E. Candeze”. This specimen is designated the lectoallotype. The third specimen was collected between 
<date id="F36B0C95FFEDE944FE8DFDCF9642FDB3" box="[264,379,564,590]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1890-10">Oct. 1890</date>
and 
<date id="F36B0C95FFEDE944FE30FDCF9514FDB3" box="[437,557,564,590]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1891-03">Mar. 1891</date>
and cannot be part of the type series.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FFEDE944FE8DFD7F955CFD60" blockId="41.[264,1323,644,950]" box="[264,613,644,669]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FFEDE944FE8DFD7F955CFD60" box="[264,613,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Material examined and range</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FFEDE944FEBDFD57967CFC4B" blockId="41.[264,1323,644,950]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<materialsCitation id="37BD2008FFEDE944FEBDFD5796CBFD13" collectionCode="ISNB" country="Indonesia" location="Bodjo Isl." pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="lectotype">
<specimenCount id="91D3E1DCFFEDE944FEBDFD579663FD42" box="[312,346,683,710]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="91D3E1DCFFEDE944FEE8FD5796A9FD42" box="[365,400,683,710]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
, 34 undetermined sex. 
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FFEDE944FD36FD579460FD3B" bold="true" box="[691,857,684,710]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<collectingCountry id="FFC26AC5FFEDE944FD36FD579460FD3B" box="[691,857,684,710]" name="Indonesia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">INDONESIA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: 
<typeStatus id="586E94F7FFEDE944FCE8FD5794E1FD3B" box="[877,984,684,710]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
male, lectoallotype female, 
<location id="820A7C8EFFEDE944FE8DFD2F96BEFD13" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F7C9B43FFE2E944FE8DFDCF967CFC4B:820A7C8EFFEDE944FE8DFD2F96BEFD13" box="[264,391,724,750]" country="Indonesia" name="Bodjo Isl." pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Bodjo Isl.</location>
[
<collectionCode id="E1C4B290FFEDE944FE25FD2F96D2FD13" box="[416,491,724,750]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">ISNB</collectionCode>
]
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="37BD2008FFEDE944FD8FFD2F9658FCEB" collectionCode="ISNB" collectorName="E. Modigliani" country="Indonesia" location="Sumatra" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Sumatera Utara" typeStatus="lectotype">
<specimenCount id="91D3E1DCFFEDE944FD8FFD2F9514FD1A" box="[522,557,723,750]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, “ 
<collectingRegion id="4511E4B7FFEDE944FDD5FD2F958EFD13" box="[592,695,724,750]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
, Pangherang­Pisang; X.90–III.91; 
<collectorName id="2A204F83FFEDE944FBEAFD2F9219FD13" box="[1135,1312,724,750]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">E. Modigliani</collectorName>
” [
<collectionCode id="E1C4B290FFEDE944FE8AFD079663FCEB" box="[271,346,764,790]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">ISNB</collectionCode>
]
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="37BD2008FFEDE944FEF7FD079678FC4B" collectingDate="1992-08-30" collectingDateMax="1992-09-01" collectingDateMin="1992-08-30" collectionCode="ERFC, CCW, CPG" collectorName="The" country="Indonesia" county="Siberut Island" location="Saliguma" municipality="Muara Siberut" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Sumatera Utara">
<specimenCount id="91D3E1DCFFEDE944FEF7FD0796ACFCF2" box="[370,405,763,790]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
, “W. 
<collectingRegion id="4511E4B7FFEDE944FE65FD07957CFCEB" box="[480,581,764,790]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
, Siberut Isl., Muara Siberut 
<date id="F36B0C95FFEDE944FC21FD079337FCEB" box="[932,1038,764,790]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1992-09-01">
<collectingDate id="E32FF57DFFEDE944FC21FD079337FCEB" box="[932,1038,764,790]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1992-09-01">1.9.1992</collectingDate>
</date>
&quot; [
<collectionCode id="E1C4B290FFEDE944FBACFD079342FCEB" box="[1065,1147,764,790]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">ERFC</collectionCode>
]. 
<collectorName id="2A204F83FFEDE944FB17FD079386FCEB" box="[1170,1215,764,790]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">The</collectorName>
material from 
<collectingCounty id="6E0B52D9FFEDE944FECDFCDF96D2FCC3" box="[328,491,804,830]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Siberut Island</collectingCounty>
consists of 34 additional specimens from 
<collectingMunicipality id="670EB02FFFEDE944FC5DFCDF93B9FCC3" box="[984,1152,804,830]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Muara Siberut</collectingMunicipality>
and 
<location id="820A7C8EFFEDE944FB3FFCDF9211FCC3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F7C9B43FFE2E944FE8DFDCF967CFC4B:820A7C8EFFEDE944FB3FFCDF9211FCC3" box="[1210,1320,804,830]" country="Indonesia" county="Siberut Island" municipality="Muara Siberut" name="Saliguma" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" stateProvince="Sumatera Utara">Saliguma</location>
collected between 
<date id="F36B0C95FFEDE944FE61FCB79456FC9B" box="[484,879,844,870]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1992-08-30" valueMax="1992-09-01" valueMin="1992-08-30">
<collectingDate id="E32FF57DFFEDE944FE61FCB79456FC9B" box="[484,879,844,870]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1992-08-30" valueMax="1992-09-01" valueMin="1992-08-30">30 August and 1 September 1992</collectingDate>
</date>
[
<collectionCode id="E1C4B290FFEDE944FCFBFCB794FDFC9B" box="[894,964,844,870]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/64k1-p68m" name="Casper College" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">CCW</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="E1C4B290FFEDE944FC54FCB79328FC9B" box="[977,1041,844,870]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">CPG</collectionCode>
]. 
<location id="820A7C8EFFEDE944FBA1FCB79361FC9B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F7C9B43FFE2E944FE8DFDCF967CFC4B:820A7C8EFFEDE944FBA1FCB79361FC9B" box="[1060,1112,844,870]" country="Indonesia" county="Siberut Island" municipality="Muara Siberut" name="This" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" stateProvince="Sumatera Utara">This</location>
species is known from the 
<location id="820A7C8EFFEDE944FEF6FC8F957AFC73" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F7C9B43FFE2E944FE8DFDCF967CFC4B:820A7C8EFFEDE944FEF6FC8F957AFC73" box="[371,579,884,910]" country="Indonesia" county="Siberut Island" municipality="Muara Siberut" name="Mentawei Islands" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" stateProvince="Sumatera Utara">Mentawei Islands</location>
south of 
<collectingRegion id="4511E4B7FFEDE944FD35FC8F9428FC73" box="[688,785,884,910]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
and western 
<collectingRegion id="4511E4B7FFEDE944FC28FC8F9336FC73" box="[941,1039,884,910]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
around 
<location id="820A7C8EFFEDE944FBEAFC8F93D2FC73" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F7C9B43FFE2E944FE8DFDCF967CFC4B:820A7C8EFFEDE944FBEAFC8F93D2FC73" box="[1135,1259,884,910]" country="Indonesia" county="Siberut Island" municipality="Muara Siberut" name="Lake Toba" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" stateProvince="Sumatera Utara">Lake Toba</location>
(
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FFEDE944FB7FFC8F9601FC4B" captionStart="FIGURE 109" captionStartId="39.[264,367,1057,1081]" captionTargetBox="[358,1224,318,1023]" captionTargetId="figure-237@39.[358,1224,318,1037]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 109. Distribution of Ctenoplus species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064834" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064834/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 109</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>