623 lines
96 KiB
XML
623 lines
96 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="065A3AB2788481934EC17DD9E7FC98A2">Ophioderma hendleri sp. nov. (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Ophiodermatidae) and its congeners from the Eastern Pacific</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EF40B9441E11CC1B6B5E0A86CC8EBC24">Granja-Fernández, Rebeca</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F756B7AE836B2B00B99678D15B83AC71">Laboratorio de Ecología Marina. Centro Universitario de la Costa, Universidad de Guadalajara, 48280 Puerto Vallarta, Mexico.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="06A06BD8562F4F79584F27474CD968E6">Pineda-Enríquez, Tania</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="887F4B3FFC917602F0D8F79A24EE2928">Department of Biology, Division of Invertebrate Zoology, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32611 Florida, USA. & Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Blvd., 90007 Los Angeles, California, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="74568E0B211408EEC7AAEA9B63AEE749">Solís-Marín, Francisco Alonso</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A22FEAA5D1BA566D9A64E65C6D78AE03">Colección Nacional de Equinodermos “ Ma. E. Caso Muñoz ”, Laboratorio de Sistemática y Ecología de Equinodermos, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología (ICML), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico (UNAM), 04510 Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="6EB15F4C6E39FA82C7F46BBFD571A3D8">Colección Nacional de Equinodermos “ Ma. E. Caso Muñoz ”, Laboratorio de Sistemática y Ecología de Equinodermos, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología (ICML), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico (UNAM), 04510 Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="94F02BDDBC548654D13757E46C43E08E">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6CBE25F113C303122A1102961E78B132">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03E8EB0C5332FFFEFDA39D39FB7AC3CB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4327662" ID-GBIF-Taxon="176086730" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4327662" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E8EB0C5332FFFEFDA39D39FB7AC3CB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E8EB0C5332FFFEFDA39D39FB7AC3CB" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4121995332FFFDFDA39D39FBE6C756" authority="H. L. Clark, 1917" authorityName=", H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1917" box="[524,1064,859,886]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pentacanthum">
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<emphasis id="B93586085332FFFDFDA39D39FC96C755" bold="true" box="[524,856,859,886]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">Ophioderma pentacanthum</emphasis>
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H.L.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5332FFFDFC329D39FBE6C756" author="Clark H. L." box="[925,1064,859,885]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" pagination="429 - 453" refId="ref15585" refString="Clark H. L. 1917. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer Albatross from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., Commanding. XXX. Ophiuroidea. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 61 (12): 429 - 453." type="journal article" year="1917">Clark, 1917</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="8BFE5A1A5332FFFDFD6A9D1DFCA1C7BA" blockId="16.[524,1064,859,922]" box="[709,879,895,922]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">
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<figureCitation id="137A469F5332FFFDFD6A9D1DFCC2C7B9" box="[709,780,895,922]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-111@18.[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 7. Ophioderma pentacanthum H.L. Clark, 1917, paratype (A–G = MCZ OPH-4519, DD = 21.1 mm H–I = MZUCR-ECH 1413, DD = 23.0 mm; J–K = MZUCR-ECH 1414, DD = 26.8 mm). A. Dorsal disc. B. Ventral disc. C. Mouth. D. Dorsal arm. E. Ventral arm. F. Dorsal view. G. Pores between proximal ventral arm plates. H. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. I. Pores in median ventral arm plates. J. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. K. Pores in median ventral arm plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4326629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4326629/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation id="C6C36FA15332FFFDFCB79D1DFCA1C7BA" box="[792,879,895,921]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="10.[189,258,265,291]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Table 1. Comparison of morphological characters between some species of Ophioderma from the Eastern Pacific." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3E0A925328FFE7FF129F6BFEBAC565" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" tableUuid="DF3E0A925328FFE7FF129F6BFEBAC565">Table 1</tableCitation>
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<emphasis id="B93586085332FFFDFF129DA3FE24C7F8" box="[189,490,961,987]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">Ophioderma pentacantha</emphasis>
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H.L.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5332FFFDFD819DA3FCFCC7F8" author="Clark H. L." box="[558,818,961,987]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" pagination="429 - 453" refId="ref15585" refString="Clark H. L. 1917. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer Albatross from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., Commanding. XXX. Ophiuroidea. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 61 (12): 429 - 453." type="journal article" year="1917">Clark, 1917: 443–444</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 3–4, figs 1–2.
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<taxonomicName id="4C4121995332FFFDFF129A61FE31C03E" authorityName=", H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1917" box="[189,511,1027,1053]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pentacanthum">
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<emphasis id="B93586085332FFFDFF129A61FE31C03E" box="[189,511,1027,1053]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">Ophioderma pentacanthum</emphasis>
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–
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE07C0B5332FFFDFDB19A61FCFAC03D" author="Ziesenhenne F. C." box="[542,820,1027,1054]" page="197" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" year="1955">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5332FFFDFDB19A61FCFAC03D" author="Ziesenhenne F. C." box="[542,820,1027,1054]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" pagination="185 - 201" refId="ref18074" refString="Ziesenhenne F. C. 1955. A review of the genus Ophioderma Muller and Troschel. In: Allan Hancock Foundation for Scientific Research (eds) Essays in the Natural Sciences in Honor of Captain Allan Hancock: 185 - 201. University of Southern California Press, Los Angeles." type="book chapter" year="1955">Ziesenhenne 1955: 197</bibRefCitation>
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE07C0B5332FFFDFCC99A66FB84C03D" author="Downey M. E." box="[870,1098,1027,1054]" page="115" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" year="1969">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5332FFFDFCC99A66FB84C03D" author="Downey M. E." box="[870,1098,1027,1054]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" pagination="1 - 239" refId="ref15762" refString="Downey M. E. 1969. Catalog of recent ophiuroid type specimens in major collections in the United States. United States National Museum Bulletin 293: 1 - 239. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.293" type="journal article" year="1969">Downey 1969: 115</bibRefCitation>
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE07C0B5332FFFDFBD39A61FAF8C03D" author="Maluf L. Y." box="[1148,1334,1027,1054]" page="83" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" year="1988">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5332FFFDFBD39A61FAF8C03D" author="Maluf L. Y." box="[1148,1334,1027,1054]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" pagination="1 - 242" refId="ref17113" refString="Maluf L. Y. 1988. Composition and distribution of the central Eastern Pacific echinoderms. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Technical Report 2: 1 - 242." type="book chapter" year="1988">Maluf 1988: 83</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 203. —
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE07C0B5332FFFDFEA09A45FCC8C061" author="Buitron-Sanchez B. E. & Solis-Marin F. A." box="[271,774,1063,1090]" page="221" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" year="1993">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5332FFFDFEA09A45FCC8C061" author="Buitron-Sanchez B. E. & Solis-Marin F. A." box="[271,774,1063,1090]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" pagination="209 - 231" refId="ref15162" refString="Buitron-Sanchez B. E. & Solis-Marin F. A. 1993. La biodiversidad en los equinodermos fosiles y recientes de Mexico. Revista de la Sociedad Mexicana de Historia Natural 64: 209 - 231." type="journal article" year="1993">Buitrón-Sánchez & Solís-Marín 1993: 221</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C4121995332FFFDFF129A29FE25C046" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1917" box="[189,491,1099,1125]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pentacantha">
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<emphasis id="B93586085332FFFDFF129A29FE25C046" box="[189,491,1099,1125]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">Ophioderma pentacantha</emphasis>
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–
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE07C0B5332FFFDFDA39A29FD17C045" author="Maluf L. Y." box="[524,729,1099,1126]" page="354" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" year="1991">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5332FFFDFDA39A29FD17C045" author="Maluf L. Y." box="[524,729,1099,1126]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" pagination="345 - 367" refId="ref17146" refString="Maluf L. Y. 1991. Echinoderm fauna of the Galapagos Islands. In: James M. J. (ed.) Galapagos Marine Invertebrates: Taxonomy, Biogeography, and Evolution in Darwin's Islands: 345 - 367. Plenum, New York. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4899 - 0646 - 5 _ 17" type="book chapter" year="1991">Maluf 1991: 354</bibRefCitation>
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE07C0B5332FFFDFCA39A29FC20C045" author="Hickman C. P." box="[780,1006,1099,1126]" page="25" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" year="1998">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5332FFFDFCA39A29FC20C045" author="Hickman C. P." box="[780,1006,1099,1126]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" refId="ref16444" refString="Hickman C. P. 1998. A Field Guide to Sea Stars and other Echinoderms of Galapagos. Sugar Spring Press, Lexington, VA." type="book" year="1998">Hickman 1998: 25</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AE07C0B5332FFFDFB8E9A29FEF9C0AA" author="Pineda-Enriquez T. & Solis-Marin F. A. & Hooker Y. & Laguarda-Figueras A." page="60" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" year="2013">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5332FFFDFB8E9A29FEF9C0AA" author="Pineda-Enriquez T. & Solis-Marin F. A. & Hooker Y. & Laguarda-Figueras A." pageId="16" pageNumber="27" pagination="53 - 65" refId="ref17410" refString="Pineda-Enriquez T., Solis-Marin F. A., Hooker Y. & Laguarda-Figueras A. 2013. Ophioderma peruana, a new species of brittlestar (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea, Ophiodermatidae) from the Peruvian coast. ZooKeys 357: 53 - 65. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 357.6176" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Pineda-Enríquez
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085332FFFDFB419A2EFAEDC046" box="[1262,1315,1099,1125]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013: 60–62
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AE07C0B5332FFFDFEC39A0DFD0BC0A9" author="Solis-Marin F. A. & Alvarado J. J. & Abreu-Perez M. & Aguilera O. & Alio J. & Bacallado-Aranega J. J. & Williams S. M." box="[364,709,1135,1162]" page="570" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" year="2013">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5332FFFDFEC39A0DFD0BC0A9" author="Solis-Marin F. A. & Alvarado J. J. & Abreu-Perez M. & Aguilera O. & Alio J. & Bacallado-Aranega J. J. & Williams S. M." box="[364,709,1135,1162]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" pagination="543 - 658" refId="ref17532" refString="Solis-Marin F. A., Alvarado J. J., Abreu-Perez M., Aguilera O., Alio J., Bacallado-Aranega J. J. & Williams S. M. 2013. Appendix. In: Alvarado-Barrientos J. J. & Solis-Marin F. A. (eds) Echinoderm Research and Diversity in Latin America: 543 - 658. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 642 - 20051 - 9" type="book chapter" year="2013">
|
||
Solís-Marín
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085332FFFDFDAE9A12FDF9C0AA" box="[513,567,1135,1161]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013: 570
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AE07C0B5332FFFDFD579A0DFBA0C0A9" author="Tirado-Sanchez N. & Chiriboga A. & Ruiz D. & Banks S." box="[760,1134,1135,1162]" page="24" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" year="2014">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5332FFFDFD579A0DFBA0C0A9" author="Tirado-Sanchez N. & Chiriboga A. & Ruiz D. & Banks S." box="[760,1134,1135,1162]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" pagination="1 - 37" refId="ref17876" refString="Tirado-Sanchez N., Chiriboga A., Ruiz D. & Banks S. 2014. CDF Checklist of Galapagos echinoderms - FCD Lista de especies de equinodermos Galapagos. In: Bungartz F., Herrera H., Jaramillo P., Tirado N., Jimenez-Uzcategui G., Ruiz D., Guezou A. & Ziemmeck F. (eds) Charles Darwin Foundation Galapagos Species Checklist: 1 - 37. Charles Darwin Foundation, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador." type="book chapter" year="2014">
|
||
Tirado-Sánchez
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085332FFFDFC159A12FC3EC0AA" box="[954,1008,1135,1161]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2014: 24
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AE07C0B5332FFFDFB0C9A0DFE6AC08D" author="Granja-Fernandez R. & Herrero-Perezrul M. D. & Lopez-Perez A. & Hernandez-Morales A. & Rangel-Solis P. D." page="41" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" year="2015">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5332FFFDFB0C9A0DFE6AC08D" author="Granja-Fernandez R. & Herrero-Perezrul M. D. & Lopez-Perez A. & Hernandez-Morales A. & Rangel-Solis P. D." pageId="16" pageNumber="27" pagination="37 - 47" refId="ref16005" refString="Granja-Fernandez R., Herrero-Perezrul M. D., Lopez-Perez A., Hernandez-Morales A. & Rangel-Solis P. D. 2015 a. A literature review of the Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) from the Pacific coast of Mexico. Revista de Biologia Tropical 63 (2): 37 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.15517 / RBT. V 63 I 2.23127" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Granja-Fernández
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085332FFFDFF459AF6FED0C08E" box="[234,286,1171,1197]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2015a: 41
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35B09915332FFFDFF129AB7FD08C18C" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE5A1A5332FFFDFF129AB7FEF8C0CC" blockId="16.[189,310,1237,1263]" box="[189,310,1237,1263]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<heading id="D0B6ED765332FFFDFF129AB7FEF8C0CC" bold="true" box="[189,310,1237,1263]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085332FFFDFF129AB7FEF8C0CC" bold="true" box="[189,310,1237,1263]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE5A1A5332FFFDFF129B67FD08C18C" blockId="16.[189,1399,1285,1455]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">Radial shields covered by very small granules. Naked adoral shields, longer than broad. First ventral arm plate large and rhombic. Up to 6 arm spines, very large and slender; the dorsalmost is the shortest and the ventralmost is much larger than the rest, overlapping the tentacle scales of the contiguous segment. Adradial tentacle scale almost double in size of abradial one. In vivo coloration: disc orange with dark blotches, arms with transverse brown bands.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35B09915332FFFDFF129BB5FC94C3CB" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE5A1A5332FFFDFF129BB5FE63C1D2" blockId="16.[189,429,1495,1521]" box="[189,429,1495,1521]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<heading id="D0B6ED765332FFFDFF129BB5FE63C1D2" bold="true" box="[189,429,1495,1521]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085332FFFDFF129BB5FE63C1D2" bold="true" box="[189,429,1495,1521]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">Examined material</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE5A1A5332FFFDFF459864FE92C203" blockId="16.[189,1399,1542,1676]" box="[234,348,1542,1568]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085332FFFDFF459864FE92C203" bold="true" box="[234,348,1542,1568]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FAE4B85332FFFDFF459864FE92C203" box="[234,348,1542,1568]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE5A1A5332FFFDFF129848FE3AC2AF" blockId="16.[189,1399,1542,1676]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B2950475332FFFDFF129848FE3AC2AF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2995182305" collectedFrom="broken shells and globigerina" collectingDate="1904-11-07" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Albatross Expedition" country="Ecuador" elevation="183" latitude="-1.4833333" location="Hood Island" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-89.808334" municipality="Hood Island" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="USNM E726" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Galapagos" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3561A8A5332FFFDFF129848FE85C267" box="[189,331,1578,1604]" name="Ecuador" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4791935332FFFDFEC79848FE0EC266" box="[360,448,1578,1605]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498594F85332FFFDFE619848FD83C267" box="[462,589,1578,1604]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">Galapagos</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E9E0CC15332FFFDFDF49848FD3FC267" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E8EB0C5332FFFEFDA39D39FB7AC3CB:8E9E0CC15332FFFDFDF49848FD3FC267" box="[603,753,1578,1604]" country="Ecuador" latitude="-1.4833333" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-89.808334" municipality="Hood Island" name="Hood Island" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Galapagos">Hood Island</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A4C43385332FFFDFD519848FB9EC267" box="[766,1104,1578,1605]" location="Ripple Point" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<quantity id="4CB9F7FF5332FFFDFD519848FC99C267" box="[766,855,1578,1605]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04672" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" unit="mi" value="5.0">5 miles</quantity>
|
||
SW of Ripple Point
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E9E0CC15332FFFDFBF29848FABCC267" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E8EB0C5332FFFEFDA39D39FB7AC3CB:8E9E0CC15332FFFDFBF29848FABCC267" box="[1117,1394,1578,1604]" country="Ecuador" latitude="-1.4833333" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-89.808334" municipality="Hood Island" name="Albatross Station 4643" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Galapagos">Albatross Station 4643</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE753CDD5332FFFDFF12982CFEFCC24B" box="[189,306,1614,1640]" degrees="1" direction="south" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" precision="15" seconds="0" value="-1.4833333">1°29´0˝ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE753CDD5332FFFDFEEF982CFE10C24A" box="[320,478,1614,1641]" degrees="89" direction="west" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" precision="15" seconds="30" value="-89.808334">89°48´30˝ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity id="4CB9F7FF5332FFFDFE44982CFDF9C24A" box="[491,567,1614,1641]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.83" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="183.0">
|
||
<elevation id="006CBD295332FFFDFE44982CFDF9C24A" box="[491,567,1614,1641]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.83" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="183.0">183 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(100 fms);
|
||
<date id="FFFF7CDA5332FFFDFD6A982DFC95C24B" box="[709,859,1614,1641]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" value="1904-11-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFBB85325332FFFDFD6A982DFC95C24B" box="[709,859,1614,1641]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" value="1904-11-07">7 Nov. 1904</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="26B43FCC5332FFFDFCC8982CFBAFC24B" box="[871,1121,1614,1640]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">Albatross Expedition</collectorName>
|
||
leg.;
|
||
<collectedFrom id="385D19E75332FFFDFB09982CFE88C2AF" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">broken shells and globigerina</collectedFrom>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBE7F2615332FFFDFEFD9810FE3EC2AF" box="[338,496,1650,1676]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">USNM E726</specimenCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE5A1A5332FFFDFF4598D6FEA9C2ED" blockId="16.[189,1399,1716,1815]" box="[234,359,1716,1742]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085332FFFDFF4598D6FEA9C2ED" bold="true" box="[234,359,1716,1742]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FAE4B85332FFFDFF4598D6FEA9C2ED" box="[234,359,1716,1742]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE5A1A5332FFFDFF1298BAFDABC335" blockId="16.[189,1399,1716,1815]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B2950475332FFFDFF1298BAFB8AC2D0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2995182312" box="[189,1092,1752,1779]" collectingDate="1904-11-07" collectionCode="MCZ" collectorName="Albatross Expedition" country="Ecuador" elevation="183" latitude="-1.4833333" location="ECUADOR" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-89.808334" municipality="Hood Island" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="MCZ OPH-4519" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Galapagos" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3561A8A5332FFFDFF1298BAFE85C2D1" box="[189,331,1752,1778]" name="Ecuador" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4791935332FFFDFECB98BAFE77C2D0" box="[356,441,1752,1779]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBE7F2615332FFFDFCD198BAFB8AC2D0" box="[894,1092,1752,1779]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">MCZ OPH-4519</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B2950475332FFFDFBF298BAFDAFC335" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2995182323" collectingDate="1904-11-07" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Albatross Expedition" country="Ecuador" elevation="183" latitude="-1.4833333" location="Albatross Station" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-89.808334" municipality="Hood Island" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="USNM E9798" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Galapagos" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4791935332FFFDFBF298BAFB7CC2D0" box="[1117,1202,1752,1779]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBE7F2615332FFFDFE1A989EFDAFC335" box="[437,609,1788,1814]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">USNM E9798</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE5A1A5332FFFDFF45995CFE68C37B" blockId="16.[189,1399,1854,2025]" box="[234,422,1854,1880]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085332FFFDFF45995CFE68C37B" bold="true" box="[234,422,1854,1880]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">Other material</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE5A1A5332FFFDFF129901FC94C3CB" blockId="16.[189,1399,1854,2025]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B2950475332FFFDFF129901FB6FC382" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2995182321" collectedFrom="DeepSee submersible" collectingDate="2016-10-15" collectionCode="MZUCR-ECH" country="Costa Rica" elevation="102" latitude="5.567978" location="Cocos Island" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-87.043846" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="MZUCR-ECH 1413" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3561A8A5332FFFDFF129901FEA9C35E" box="[189,359,1891,1917]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4791935332FFFDFE2B9901FE15C35E" box="[388,475,1891,1917]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A4C43385332FFFDFE459900FCF6C35F" box="[490,824,1890,1917]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">between Everest and Piedra</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E9E0CC15332FFFDFCE99901FC2AC35F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E8EB0C5332FFFEFDA39D39FB7AC3CB:8E9E0CC15332FFFDFCE99901FC2AC35F" box="[838,996,1890,1917]" country="Costa Rica" latitude="5.567978" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-87.043846" name="Cocos Island" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">Cocos Island</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE753CDD5332FFFDFC5D9900FB6FC35E" box="[1010,1185,1890,1917]" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" precision="1" seconds="04.72" value="5.567978">5°34´04.72˝ N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE753CDD5332FFFDFB009901FABCC35E" box="[1199,1394,1891,1917]" degrees="87" direction="west" minutes="02" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" precision="1" seconds="37.84" value="-87.043846">87°02´37.84˝ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity id="4CB9F7FF5332FFFDFF1299E5FEC3C382" box="[189,269,1927,1953]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="102.0">
|
||
<elevation id="006CBD295332FFFDFF1299E5FEC3C382" box="[189,269,1927,1953]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="102.0">102 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFFF7CDA5332FFFDFEB399E4FE73C383" box="[284,445,1926,1953]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" value="2016-10-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFBB85325332FFFDFEB399E4FE73C383" box="[284,445,1926,1953]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" value="2016-10-15">15 Oct. 2016</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectedFrom id="385D19E75332FFFDFE6399E5FD02C383" box="[460,716,1926,1953]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">DeepSee submersible</collectedFrom>
|
||
(Dive 2377) leg.;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBE7F2615332FFFDFC0099E5FB6FC382" box="[943,1185,1927,1953]" collectionCode="MZUCR-ECH" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">MZUCR-ECH 1413</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B2950475332FFFDFB1099E5FE29C3CB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2995182308" collectedFrom="DeepSee submersible" collectingDate="2013-09-14" collectionCode="MZUCR-ECH" country="Costa Rica" elevation="142" latitude="5.576447" location="Parque Nacional Isla del Coco" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-87.05777" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="MZUCR-ECH 1414" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4791935332FFFDFB1099E5FAD8C382" box="[1215,1302,1927,1953]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="8E9E0CC15332FFFDFA8A99E5FE1CC3E6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E8EB0C5332FFFEFDA39D39FB7AC3CB:8E9E0CC15332FFFDFA8A99E5FE1CC3E6" country="Costa Rica" latitude="5.576447" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-87.05777" name="Parque Nacional Isla del Coco" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">Parque Nacional Isla del Coco</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE753CDD5332FFFDFE7099C8FD40C3E6" box="[479,654,1962,1989]" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" precision="1" seconds="35.21" value="5.576447">5°34´35.21˝ N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE753CDD5332FFFDFD3499C8FC90C3E6" box="[667,862,1962,1989]" degrees="87" direction="west" minutes="03" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" precision="1" seconds="27.96" value="-87.05777">87°03´27.96˝ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity id="4CB9F7FF5332FFFDFCC399C9FC75C3E6" box="[876,955,1963,1989]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.42" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="142.0">
|
||
<elevation id="006CBD295332FFFDFCC399C9FC75C3E6" box="[876,955,1963,1989]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.42" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="142.0">142 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFFF7CDA5332FFFDFC6699C9FBA7C3E6" box="[969,1129,1963,1989]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" value="2013-09-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFBB85325332FFFDFC6699C9FBA7C3E6" box="[969,1129,1963,1989]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" value="2013-09-14">14 Sep. 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectedFrom id="385D19E75332FFFDFBD899C9FAB9C3E7" box="[1143,1399,1962,1989]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">DeepSee submersible</collectedFrom>
|
||
leg.;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBE7F2615332FFFDFF5799ACFE29C3CB" box="[248,487,1998,2024]" collectionCode="MZUCR-ECH" pageId="16" pageNumber="27">MZUCR-ECH 1414</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
• See: Supplementary material.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35B09915333FFFCFF129F6BFB46C2BC" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE5A1A5333FFFCFF129F6BFD55C507" blockId="17.[189,667,265,292]" box="[189,667,265,292]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085333FFFCFF129F6BFE80C500" bold="true" box="[189,334,265,291]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">Description</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FAE4B85333FFFCFEF29F6BFE0AC500" box="[349,452,265,291]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
MCZ OPH-4519)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE5A1A5333FFFCFF129F5BFC0EC624" blockId="17.[189,1398,312,519]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">
|
||
DD =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB9F7FF5333FFFCFEAA9F5AFEBEC570" box="[261,368,312,339]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.11" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="21.1">21.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
; 5 arms, LA =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB9F7FF5333FFFCFDB59F5AFD5DC570" box="[538,659,312,339]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4769999999999999" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="147.7">147.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Disc flat and rounded. Dorsal disc densely covered by rounded and fine granules, which are very close together, granule density 182
|
||
<superScript id="7C34F7525333FFFCFC5B9F3FFBFEC549" attach="left" box="[1012,1072,348,375]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">mm-2</superScript>
|
||
; granules extend to base of arms. Some granules rubbed off in some areas of disc. Radial shields completely covered by granules (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137A469F5333FFFCFF699FC6FEE8C59D" box="[198,294,420,446]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-111@18.[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 7. Ophioderma pentacanthum H.L. Clark, 1917, paratype (A–G = MCZ OPH-4519, DD = 21.1 mm H–I = MZUCR-ECH 1413, DD = 23.0 mm; J–K = MZUCR-ECH 1414, DD = 26.8 mm). A. Dorsal disc. B. Ventral disc. C. Mouth. D. Dorsal arm. E. Ventral arm. F. Dorsal view. G. Pores between proximal ventral arm plates. H. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. I. Pores in median ventral arm plates. J. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. K. Pores in median ventral arm plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4326629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4326629/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Interradii covered with granulation, similar to on dorsal disc (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137A469F5333FFFCFBB99FC6FBBAC59C" box="[1046,1140,420,447]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-111@18.[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 7. Ophioderma pentacanthum H.L. Clark, 1917, paratype (A–G = MCZ OPH-4519, DD = 21.1 mm H–I = MZUCR-ECH 1413, DD = 23.0 mm; J–K = MZUCR-ECH 1414, DD = 26.8 mm). A. Dorsal disc. B. Ventral disc. C. Mouth. D. Dorsal arm. E. Ventral arm. F. Dorsal view. G. Pores between proximal ventral arm plates. H. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. I. Pores in median ventral arm plates. J. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. K. Pores in median ventral arm plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4326629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4326629/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Four genital slits on each interradius; proximal and distal genital slits elongated; distal genital slits surrounded by granules and few scales that are next to side of lateral arm plates (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137A469F5333FFFCFCF99F8EFC7DC624" box="[854,947,492,519]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-111@18.[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 7. Ophioderma pentacanthum H.L. Clark, 1917, paratype (A–G = MCZ OPH-4519, DD = 21.1 mm H–I = MZUCR-ECH 1413, DD = 23.0 mm; J–K = MZUCR-ECH 1414, DD = 26.8 mm). A. Dorsal disc. B. Ventral disc. C. Mouth. D. Dorsal arm. E. Ventral arm. F. Dorsal view. G. Pores between proximal ventral arm plates. H. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. I. Pores in median ventral arm plates. J. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. K. Pores in median ventral arm plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4326629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4326629/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE5A1A5333FFFCFF129C4CFB6BC74A" blockId="17.[189,1399,558,873]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">
|
||
Oral shields broader than long, rounded triangular, with convex obtuse proximal angle, straight distal edge, obtuse lateral angles. Madreporite with a small, circular, and shallow depression located in distal part of oral shield. Adoral shields naked, triangular, longer than broad, and separated. Jaws bear 8–9 papillae on each side: LyOs small, 1.5× as long as broad, angled upwards; AdShSp largest, rounded; 2°AdShSp smaller but similar in shape to AdShSp; LOPa 3–4 conical, pointed, and separated, 1
|
||
<superScript id="7C34F7525333FFFCFAB09CDCFAE4C6EF" attach="left" box="[1311,1322,702,716]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">st</superScript>
|
||
LOPa smaller but similar in shape to 2°AdShSp; IPa sometimes smallest, elongated, pointed and separated; TPa 2 at jaw tips, larger than LOPa, elongated, robust, and pointed, slightly or completely separated. vT 1; 4 teeth, all robust. OPRSp 1 large and pointed at each side, visible within buccal cavity. Granules covering oral plates, slightly longer than those on dorsal disc and interradii (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137A469F5333FFFCFB949D2CFB56C74A" box="[1083,1176,846,873]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-111@18.[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 7. Ophioderma pentacanthum H.L. Clark, 1917, paratype (A–G = MCZ OPH-4519, DD = 21.1 mm H–I = MZUCR-ECH 1413, DD = 23.0 mm; J–K = MZUCR-ECH 1414, DD = 26.8 mm). A. Dorsal disc. B. Ventral disc. C. Mouth. D. Dorsal arm. E. Ventral arm. F. Dorsal view. G. Pores between proximal ventral arm plates. H. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. I. Pores in median ventral arm plates. J. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. K. Pores in median ventral arm plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4326629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4326629/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE5A1A5333FFFCFF129DF3FDF0C0CC" blockId="17.[189,1399,913,1263]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">
|
||
Dorsal base of arms with granules and with approximately 11 scales laterally at arm. Dorsal arm plates 3× broader than long, overlapping and trapezoidal, with distal edge straight or slightly incised and rounded lateral edges (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137A469F5333FFFCFEF09DBBFE73C7D0" box="[351,445,985,1011]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-111@18.[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 7. Ophioderma pentacanthum H.L. Clark, 1917, paratype (A–G = MCZ OPH-4519, DD = 21.1 mm H–I = MZUCR-ECH 1413, DD = 23.0 mm; J–K = MZUCR-ECH 1414, DD = 26.8 mm). A. Dorsal disc. B. Ventral disc. C. Mouth. D. Dorsal arm. E. Ventral arm. F. Dorsal view. G. Pores between proximal ventral arm plates. H. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. I. Pores in median ventral arm plates. J. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. K. Pores in median ventral arm plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4326629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4326629/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
|
||
). First ventral arm plate large, broader than long, rhomboid (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137A469F5333FFFCFBD09DBBFB15C7D0" box="[1151,1243,985,1011]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-111@18.[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 7. Ophioderma pentacanthum H.L. Clark, 1917, paratype (A–G = MCZ OPH-4519, DD = 21.1 mm H–I = MZUCR-ECH 1413, DD = 23.0 mm; J–K = MZUCR-ECH 1414, DD = 26.8 mm). A. Dorsal disc. B. Ventral disc. C. Mouth. D. Dorsal arm. E. Ventral arm. F. Dorsal view. G. Pores between proximal ventral arm plates. H. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. I. Pores in median ventral arm plates. J. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. K. Pores in median ventral arm plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4326629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4326629/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Subsequent ventral arm plates quadrangular, slightly broader than long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137A469F5333FFFCFC229D9FFC24C034" box="[909,1002,1021,1047]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-111@18.[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 7. Ophioderma pentacanthum H.L. Clark, 1917, paratype (A–G = MCZ OPH-4519, DD = 21.1 mm H–I = MZUCR-ECH 1413, DD = 23.0 mm; J–K = MZUCR-ECH 1414, DD = 26.8 mm). A. Dorsal disc. B. Ventral disc. C. Mouth. D. Dorsal arm. E. Ventral arm. F. Dorsal view. G. Pores between proximal ventral arm plates. H. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. I. Pores in median ventral arm plates. J. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. K. Pores in median ventral arm plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4326629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4326629/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Paired and large pores between ventral arm plates 1–2, 2–3, 3–4, 4–5, 5–6 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137A469F5333FFFCFD7D9A43FC96C018" box="[722,856,1057,1083]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-111@18.[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 7. Ophioderma pentacanthum H.L. Clark, 1917, paratype (A–G = MCZ OPH-4519, DD = 21.1 mm H–I = MZUCR-ECH 1413, DD = 23.0 mm; J–K = MZUCR-ECH 1414, DD = 26.8 mm). A. Dorsal disc. B. Ventral disc. C. Mouth. D. Dorsal arm. E. Ventral arm. F. Dorsal view. G. Pores between proximal ventral arm plates. H. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. I. Pores in median ventral arm plates. J. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. K. Pores in median ventral arm plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4326629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4326629/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">Fig. 7B, G</figureCitation>
|
||
). LAP with up to 5–6 arm spines; distalmost segments with 3–4 arm spines. Arm spines with a blunt tip, slender and very large; approximately one arm segment length. Dorsalmost arm spine shortest and slender; ventralmost arm spine longest and more robust than rest, in contact with and covering tentacle scale of succeeding joint (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137A469F5333FFFCFBC09AEFFB05C084" box="[1135,1227,1165,1191]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-111@18.[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 7. Ophioderma pentacanthum H.L. Clark, 1917, paratype (A–G = MCZ OPH-4519, DD = 21.1 mm H–I = MZUCR-ECH 1413, DD = 23.0 mm; J–K = MZUCR-ECH 1414, DD = 26.8 mm). A. Dorsal disc. B. Ventral disc. C. Mouth. D. Dorsal arm. E. Ventral arm. F. Dorsal view. G. Pores between proximal ventral arm plates. H. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. I. Pores in median ventral arm plates. J. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. K. Pores in median ventral arm plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4326629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4326629/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Two tentacle scales; adradial tentacle scale ovoid and very elongated; abradial tentacle scale subtriangular and half size of adradial one (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137A469F5333FFFCFE1D9AB7FDFFC0CC" box="[434,561,1237,1263]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-111@18.[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 7. Ophioderma pentacanthum H.L. Clark, 1917, paratype (A–G = MCZ OPH-4519, DD = 21.1 mm H–I = MZUCR-ECH 1413, DD = 23.0 mm; J–K = MZUCR-ECH 1414, DD = 26.8 mm). A. Dorsal disc. B. Ventral disc. C. Mouth. D. Dorsal arm. E. Ventral arm. F. Dorsal view. G. Pores between proximal ventral arm plates. H. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. I. Pores in median ventral arm plates. J. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. K. Pores in median ventral arm plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4326629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4326629/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">Fig. 7E, G</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE5A1A5333FFFCFF129B75FE38C1E2" blockId="17.[189,1399,1303,1473]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">
|
||
Color light brown (dry specimen) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137A469F5333FFFCFDCE9B75FD73C112" box="[609,701,1303,1329]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-111@18.[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 7. Ophioderma pentacanthum H.L. Clark, 1917, paratype (A–G = MCZ OPH-4519, DD = 21.1 mm H–I = MZUCR-ECH 1413, DD = 23.0 mm; J–K = MZUCR-ECH 1414, DD = 26.8 mm). A. Dorsal disc. B. Ventral disc. C. Mouth. D. Dorsal arm. E. Ventral arm. F. Dorsal view. G. Pores between proximal ventral arm plates. H. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. I. Pores in median ventral arm plates. J. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. K. Pores in median ventral arm plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4326629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4326629/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">Fig. 7F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsal side: disc light brown and mottled dark brown in center (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137A469F5333FFFCFEBB9B59FEBCC176" box="[276,370,1339,1365]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-111@18.[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 7. Ophioderma pentacanthum H.L. Clark, 1917, paratype (A–G = MCZ OPH-4519, DD = 21.1 mm H–I = MZUCR-ECH 1413, DD = 23.0 mm; J–K = MZUCR-ECH 1414, DD = 26.8 mm). A. Dorsal disc. B. Ventral disc. C. Mouth. D. Dorsal arm. E. Ventral arm. F. Dorsal view. G. Pores between proximal ventral arm plates. H. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. I. Pores in median ventral arm plates. J. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. K. Pores in median ventral arm plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4326629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4326629/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
|
||
); arms light brown with transverse dark brown bands every 2 or 3 segments (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137A469F5333FFFCFB419B59FAA7C176" box="[1262,1385,1339,1365]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-111@18.[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 7. Ophioderma pentacanthum H.L. Clark, 1917, paratype (A–G = MCZ OPH-4519, DD = 21.1 mm H–I = MZUCR-ECH 1413, DD = 23.0 mm; J–K = MZUCR-ECH 1414, DD = 26.8 mm). A. Dorsal disc. B. Ventral disc. C. Mouth. D. Dorsal arm. E. Ventral arm. F. Dorsal view. G. Pores between proximal ventral arm plates. H. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. I. Pores in median ventral arm plates. J. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. K. Pores in median ventral arm plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4326629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4326629/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">Fig. 7D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ventral side interradii: beige in center and in proximal part, and light brown on margin, with some beige marks (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137A469F5333FFFCFEB99BE1FEBAC1BE" box="[278,372,1411,1437]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-111@18.[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 7. Ophioderma pentacanthum H.L. Clark, 1917, paratype (A–G = MCZ OPH-4519, DD = 21.1 mm H–I = MZUCR-ECH 1413, DD = 23.0 mm; J–K = MZUCR-ECH 1414, DD = 26.8 mm). A. Dorsal disc. B. Ventral disc. C. Mouth. D. Dorsal arm. E. Ventral arm. F. Dorsal view. G. Pores between proximal ventral arm plates. H. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. I. Pores in median ventral arm plates. J. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. K. Pores in median ventral arm plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4326629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4326629/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Jaw in general beige, but oral shields and granules brown in color (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137A469F5333FFFCFB019BE1FAC2C1BE" box="[1198,1292,1411,1437]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-111@18.[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 7. Ophioderma pentacanthum H.L. Clark, 1917, paratype (A–G = MCZ OPH-4519, DD = 21.1 mm H–I = MZUCR-ECH 1413, DD = 23.0 mm; J–K = MZUCR-ECH 1414, DD = 26.8 mm). A. Dorsal disc. B. Ventral disc. C. Mouth. D. Dorsal arm. E. Ventral arm. F. Dorsal view. G. Pores between proximal ventral arm plates. H. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. I. Pores in median ventral arm plates. J. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. K. Pores in median ventral arm plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4326629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4326629/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ventral arm plates beige (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137A469F5333FFFCFE229BC5FE27C1E2" box="[397,489,1447,1473]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-111@18.[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 7. Ophioderma pentacanthum H.L. Clark, 1917, paratype (A–G = MCZ OPH-4519, DD = 21.1 mm H–I = MZUCR-ECH 1413, DD = 23.0 mm; J–K = MZUCR-ECH 1414, DD = 26.8 mm). A. Dorsal disc. B. Ventral disc. C. Mouth. D. Dorsal arm. E. Ventral arm. F. Dorsal view. G. Pores between proximal ventral arm plates. H. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. I. Pores in median ventral arm plates. J. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. K. Pores in median ventral arm plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4326629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4326629/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE5A1A5333FFFCFF129B8BFE21C220" blockId="17.[189,495,1513,1539]" box="[189,495,1513,1539]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<heading id="D0B6ED765333FFFCFF129B8BFE21C220" bold="true" box="[189,495,1513,1539]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085333FFFCFF129B8BFE21C220" bold="true" box="[189,495,1513,1539]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">Habitat and distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE5A1A5333FFFCFF12987AFB46C2BC" blockId="17.[189,1399,1560,1695]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">
|
||
Previously known only for
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498594F85333FFFCFDAE987AFD14C211" box="[513,730,1560,1586]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">Galapagos Islands</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3561A8A5333FFFCFD48987AFC87C211" box="[743,841,1560,1586]" name="Ecuador" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
(H.L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5333FFFCFC37987AFBD1C210" author="Clark H. L." box="[920,1055,1560,1587]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" pagination="429 - 453" refId="ref15585" refString="Clark H. L. 1917. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer Albatross from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., Commanding. XXX. Ophiuroidea. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 61 (12): 429 - 453." type="journal article" year="1917">Clark 1917</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5333FFFCFB83987AFAC8C210" author="Ziesenhenne F. C." box="[1068,1286,1560,1587]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" pagination="185 - 201" refId="ref18074" refString="Ziesenhenne F. C. 1955. A review of the genus Ophioderma Muller and Troschel. In: Allan Hancock Foundation for Scientific Research (eds) Essays in the Natural Sciences in Honor of Captain Allan Hancock: 185 - 201. University of Southern California Press, Los Angeles." type="book chapter" year="1955">Ziesenhenne 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5333FFFCFABC987BFF35C275" author="Downey M. E." pageId="17" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 239" refId="ref15762" refString="Downey M. E. 1969. Catalog of recent ophiuroid type specimens in major collections in the United States. United States National Museum Bulletin 293: 1 - 239. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.293" type="journal article" year="1969">Downey 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5333FFFCFEA7985EFE59C274" author="Maluf L. Y." box="[264,407,1596,1623]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 242" refId="ref17113" refString="Maluf L. Y. 1988. Composition and distribution of the central Eastern Pacific echinoderms. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Technical Report 2: 1 - 242." type="book chapter" year="1988">Maluf 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5333FFFCFE0B985EFD98C274" author="Hickman C. P." box="[420,598,1596,1623]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" refId="ref16444" refString="Hickman C. P. 1998. A Field Guide to Sea Stars and other Echinoderms of Galapagos. Sugar Spring Press, Lexington, VA." type="book" year="1998">Hickman 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5333FFFCFDCC985EFCB2C274" author="Solis-Marin F. A. & Alvarado J. J. & Abreu-Perez M. & Aguilera O. & Alio J. & Bacallado-Aranega J. J. & Williams S. M." box="[611,892,1596,1623]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" pagination="543 - 658" refId="ref17532" refString="Solis-Marin F. A., Alvarado J. J., Abreu-Perez M., Aguilera O., Alio J., Bacallado-Aranega J. J. & Williams S. M. 2013. Appendix. In: Alvarado-Barrientos J. J. & Solis-Marin F. A. (eds) Echinoderm Research and Diversity in Latin America: 543 - 658. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 642 - 20051 - 9" type="book chapter" year="2013">
|
||
Solís-Marín
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085333FFFCFD57985FFCE3C275" box="[760,813,1596,1622]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In this work, a new distribution record is reported for Cocos Island,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3561A8A5333FFFCFE569803FDB7C259" box="[505,633,1632,1659]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
(MZUCR-ECH 1413, MZUCR-ECH 1414; see Remarks). From
|
||
<quantity id="4CB9F7FF5333FFFCFF1298E7FE8CC2BC" box="[189,322,1669,1695]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.425" metricValueMax="1.83" metricValueMin="1.02" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="142.5" valueMax="183.0" valueMin="102.0">102–183 m</quantity>
|
||
depth (H.L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5333FFFCFE7698E6FDAEC2BC" author="Clark H. L." box="[473,608,1668,1695]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" pagination="429 - 453" refId="ref15585" refString="Clark H. L. 1917. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer Albatross from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., Commanding. XXX. Ophiuroidea. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 61 (12): 429 - 453." type="journal article" year="1917">Clark 1917</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Collected in broken shells (H.L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5333FFFCFC5B98E6FBB5C2BC" author="Clark H. L." box="[1012,1147,1668,1695]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" pagination="429 - 453" refId="ref15585" refString="Clark H. L. 1917. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer Albatross from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., Commanding. XXX. Ophiuroidea. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 61 (12): 429 - 453." type="journal article" year="1917">Clark 1917</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35B09915333FFFEFF1298A5FB7AC3CB" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE5A1A5333FFFCFF1298A5FEE1C2C2" blockId="17.[189,303,1735,1761]" box="[189,303,1735,1761]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<heading id="D0B6ED765333FFFCFF1298A5FEE1C2C2" bold="true" box="[189,303,1735,1761]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085333FFFCFF1298A5FEE1C2C2" bold="true" box="[189,303,1735,1761]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE5A1A5333FFFEFF129895FBCCC591" blockId="17.[189,1399,1782,2024]" lastBlockId="19.[189,1399,265,434]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">
|
||
In the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4121995333FFFCFDA09894FC77C333" authority=", H. L. Clark (1917)" authorityName=", H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1917" box="[527,953,1782,1809]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pentacanthum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085333FFFCFDA09894FD16C333" box="[527,728,1782,1808]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">O. pentacanthum</emphasis>
|
||
, H.L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5333FFFCFC8C9894FC77C333" author="Clark H. L." box="[803,953,1782,1808]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" pagination="429 - 453" refId="ref15585" refString="Clark H. L. 1917. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer Albatross from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., Commanding. XXX. Ophiuroidea. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 61 (12): 429 - 453." type="journal article" year="1917">Clark (1917)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
designated an uncatalogued specimen as “heliotype” (=
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FAE4B85333FFFCFE3D9978FE33C316" box="[402,509,1818,1845]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
), including four additional specimens, but a proper designation of the type material (including catalog numbers) was lacking at that moment.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5333FFFCFC54995DFB77C37A" author="Downey M. E." box="[1019,1209,1854,1881]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 239" refId="ref15762" refString="Downey M. E. 1969. Catalog of recent ophiuroid type specimens in major collections in the United States. United States National Museum Bulletin 293: 1 - 239. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.293" type="journal article" year="1969">Downey (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered the specimen USNM E726 (DD =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB9F7FF5333FFFCFDB39900FDA1C35E" box="[540,623,1890,1917]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="27.0">27 mm</quantity>
|
||
) as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FAE4B85333FFFCFD369901FCCFC35E" box="[665,769,1891,1917]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
, not recognizing it as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FAE4B85333FFFCFB8F9900FB49C35F" box="[1056,1159,1890,1916]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in spite of a museum label marking it as type material by H.L. Clark (pers. comm. Pawson, 2020), also not considering the illustration already included in the original description. However, according to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5333FFFCFD8999ACFD78C3CB" author="ICZN & International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature" box="[550,694,1998,2024]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" refId="ref16522" refString="ICZN, International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Available from https: // www. iczn. org / the-code / the-international-code-of-zoological-nomenclature / the-code-online / [accessed 1 Feb. 2020]." type="url" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Articles 73.1.2 and 73.1.4, the described and illustrated specimen which corresponds to USNM E726 should be treated as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FAE4B85331FFFEFC559F6BFBABC500" box="[1018,1125,265,291]" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. During the revision of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FAE4B85331FFFEFF459F4FFE94C564" box="[234,346,301,327]" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
only two specimens were found: MCZ OPH-4519 and USNM E9798. The labels of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FAE4B85331FFFEFF129F33FEECC548" box="[189,290,337,363]" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
USNM E9798 indicate the presence of two specimens, but the lot includes only one. Therefore, two specimens are “lost”, one that is part of USNM E9798, and a second one whose catalog number is unknown, but in case they are found, they must be treated as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FAE4B85331FFFEFC259FFAFC30C591" box="[906,1022,408,434]" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF3E0A925330FFFFFF129920FB99C3CA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4326629" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4326629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4326629/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="29" startId="18.[189,232,1858,1884]" targetBox="[193,1393,265,1818]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE5A1A5330FFFFFF129920FB99C3CA" blockId="18.[189,1399,1858,2025]" pageId="18" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085330FFFFFF129920FEC7C37F" bold="true" box="[189,265,1858,1884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="29">Fig. 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4121995330FFFFFEBF9920FCD1C37F" authority="H. L. Clark, 1917" authorityName=", H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1917" box="[272,799,1858,1885]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="18" pageNumber="29" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pentacanthum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085330FFFFFEBF9920FD9EC37F" box="[272,592,1858,1884]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="29">Ophioderma pentacanthum</emphasis>
|
||
H.L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5330FFFFFD3C9920FCD1C37F" author="Clark H. L." box="[659,799,1858,1884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="29" pagination="429 - 453" refId="ref15585" refString="Clark H. L. 1917. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer Albatross from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., Commanding. XXX. Ophiuroidea. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 61 (12): 429 - 453." type="journal article" year="1917">Clark, 1917</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, paratype (A–G = MCZ OPH-4519, DD = 21.1 mm H–I = MZUCR-ECH 1413, DD = 23.0 mm; J–K = MZUCR-ECH 1414, DD = 26.8 mm).
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085330FFFFFB669907FB10C35C" bold="true" box="[1225,1246,1893,1919]" pageId="18" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsal disc.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085330FFFFFF1299EBFF1FC380" bold="true" box="[189,209,1929,1955]" pageId="18" pageNumber="29">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Ventral disc.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085330FFFFFED399EAFE5FC381" bold="true" box="[380,401,1928,1954]" pageId="18" pageNumber="29">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Mouth.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085330FFFFFE5199EBFDDDC380" bold="true" box="[510,531,1929,1955]" pageId="18" pageNumber="29">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsal arm.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085330FFFFFD1899EBFD05C380" bold="true" box="[695,715,1929,1955]" pageId="18" pageNumber="29">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Ventral arm.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085330FFFFFCDB99EBFC48C380" bold="true" box="[884,902,1929,1955]" pageId="18" pageNumber="29">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085330FFFFFB9C99EAFB84C381" bold="true" box="[1075,1098,1928,1954]" pageId="18" pageNumber="29">G</emphasis>
|
||
. Pores between proximal ventral arm plates.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085330FFFFFE0599CEFE0FC3E5" bold="true" box="[426,449,1964,1990]" pageId="18" pageNumber="29">H</emphasis>
|
||
. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085330FFFFFC0999CEFC7FC3E5" bold="true" box="[934,945,1964,1990]" pageId="18" pageNumber="29">I</emphasis>
|
||
. Pores in median ventral arm plates.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085330FFFFFF1299ADFF02C3CA" bold="true" box="[189,204,1999,2025]" pageId="18" pageNumber="29">J</emphasis>
|
||
. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085330FFFFFD3C99ADFD64C3CA" bold="true" box="[659,682,1999,2025]" pageId="18" pageNumber="29">K</emphasis>
|
||
. Pores in median ventral arm plates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE5A1A5331FFFEFF129FBBFC25C197" blockId="19.[189,1399,473,1460]" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">
|
||
All the morphological characters of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FAE4B85331FFFEFD319FBBFCC6C5D0" box="[670,776,473,499]" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FAE4B85331FFFEFCBA9FB8FC46C5D7" box="[789,904,474,500]" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
, and voucher specimens correspond with the original description by H.L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5331FFFEFDE19F9FFD22C634" author="Clark H. L." box="[590,748,509,535]" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" pagination="429 - 453" refId="ref15585" refString="Clark H. L. 1917. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer Albatross from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., Commanding. XXX. Ophiuroidea. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 61 (12): 429 - 453." type="journal article" year="1917">Clark (1917)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; nevertheless, we observed other relevant characters. H.L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5331FFFEFF559C42FE5EC619" author="Clark H. L." box="[250,400,544,570]" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" pagination="429 - 453" refId="ref15585" refString="Clark H. L. 1917. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer Albatross from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., Commanding. XXX. Ophiuroidea. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 61 (12): 429 - 453." type="journal article" year="1917">Clark (1917)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
coined the named
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4121995331FFFEFDC39C43FCFBC619" authorityName=", H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1917" box="[620,821,544,571]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pentacanthum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085331FFFEFDC39C43FCFBC619" box="[620,821,544,571]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">O. pentacanthum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the number of arm spines (five), but we observed that most of the examined specimens (MCZ OPH-4519, MZUCR-ECH 1413, MZUCR-ECH 1414) had up to six arm spines. It is important to mention that the low number of arm spines is one of the most important diagnostic characters for this species since
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4121995331FFFEFC3C9CE9FB92C686" authorityName=", H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1917" box="[915,1116,651,677]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pentacanthum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085331FFFEFC3C9CE9FB92C686" box="[915,1116,651,677]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">O. pentacanthum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4121995331FFFEFB4D9CE9FAB8C686" authorityName="Muller & Troschel" authorityYear="1840" box="[1250,1398,651,677]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085331FFFEFB4D9CE9FAB8C686" box="[1250,1398,651,677]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">Ophioderma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Eastern Pacific having up to six arm spines, while the rest of its congeners have more than eight. Another important characteristic that has not previously been mentioned is the elongation of the genital slits (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137A469F5331FFFEFF549C94FEF1C733" box="[251,319,758,784]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-111@18.[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 7. Ophioderma pentacanthum H.L. Clark, 1917, paratype (A–G = MCZ OPH-4519, DD = 21.1 mm H–I = MZUCR-ECH 1413, DD = 23.0 mm; J–K = MZUCR-ECH 1414, DD = 26.8 mm). A. Dorsal disc. B. Ventral disc. C. Mouth. D. Dorsal arm. E. Ventral arm. F. Dorsal view. G. Pores between proximal ventral arm plates. H. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. I. Pores in median ventral arm plates. J. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. K. Pores in median ventral arm plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4326629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4326629/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
G–H, J), which is not found in other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4121995331FFFEFD479C94FCB2C733" authorityName="Muller & Troschel" authorityYear="1840" box="[744,892,758,784]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085331FFFEFD479C94FCB2C733" box="[744,892,758,784]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">Ophioderma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Eastern Pacific; perhaps, the large elongation of these genital slits is due to the large size of the specimens, but this must be confirmed when more data from specimens of different sizes is obtained. One of the most remarkable features of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4121995331FFFEFF709D03FE65C759" authorityName=", H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1917" box="[223,427,864,891]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pentacanthum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085331FFFEFF709D03FE65C759" box="[223,427,864,891]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">O. pentacanthum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the paired and large pores between the most proximal ventral arm plates. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FAE4B85331FFFEFF129DE7FEECC7BC" box="[189,290,901,927]" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
MCZ OPH-4519 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137A469F5331FFFEFDAF9DE6FD92C7BD" box="[512,604,900,926]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-111@18.[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 7. Ophioderma pentacanthum H.L. Clark, 1917, paratype (A–G = MCZ OPH-4519, DD = 21.1 mm H–I = MZUCR-ECH 1413, DD = 23.0 mm; J–K = MZUCR-ECH 1414, DD = 26.8 mm). A. Dorsal disc. B. Ventral disc. C. Mouth. D. Dorsal arm. E. Ventral arm. F. Dorsal view. G. Pores between proximal ventral arm plates. H. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. I. Pores in median ventral arm plates. J. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. K. Pores in median ventral arm plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4326629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4326629/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">Fig. 7G</figureCitation>
|
||
) presents them on at least the first six arm segments, but they cover ¼ of the arm in the Costa Rican specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137A469F5331FFFEFD459DCAFCFDC7E1" box="[746,819,936,962]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-111@18.[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 7. Ophioderma pentacanthum H.L. Clark, 1917, paratype (A–G = MCZ OPH-4519, DD = 21.1 mm H–I = MZUCR-ECH 1413, DD = 23.0 mm; J–K = MZUCR-ECH 1414, DD = 26.8 mm). A. Dorsal disc. B. Ventral disc. C. Mouth. D. Dorsal arm. E. Ventral arm. F. Dorsal view. G. Pores between proximal ventral arm plates. H. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. I. Pores in median ventral arm plates. J. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. K. Pores in median ventral arm plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4326629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4326629/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
H–K). Furthermore, the observed pores in such specimens are extremely large (occupying most of the proximal portion of the ventral arm plates) and elongated in the first segments (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137A469F5331FFFEFD9D9D8DFD67C02A" box="[562,681,1007,1033]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-111@18.[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 7. Ophioderma pentacanthum H.L. Clark, 1917, paratype (A–G = MCZ OPH-4519, DD = 21.1 mm H–I = MZUCR-ECH 1413, DD = 23.0 mm; J–K = MZUCR-ECH 1414, DD = 26.8 mm). A. Dorsal disc. B. Ventral disc. C. Mouth. D. Dorsal arm. E. Ventral arm. F. Dorsal view. G. Pores between proximal ventral arm plates. H. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. I. Pores in median ventral arm plates. J. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. K. Pores in median ventral arm plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4326629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4326629/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">Fig. 7H, J</figureCitation>
|
||
), decreasing in size and becoming more rounded towards the medial (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137A469F5331FFFEFEB19A70FE5BC00E" box="[286,405,1042,1069]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-111@18.[193,1393,265,1818]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 7. Ophioderma pentacanthum H.L. Clark, 1917, paratype (A–G = MCZ OPH-4519, DD = 21.1 mm H–I = MZUCR-ECH 1413, DD = 23.0 mm; J–K = MZUCR-ECH 1414, DD = 26.8 mm). A. Dorsal disc. B. Ventral disc. C. Mouth. D. Dorsal arm. E. Ventral arm. F. Dorsal view. G. Pores between proximal ventral arm plates. H. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. I. Pores in median ventral arm plates. J. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. K. Pores in median ventral arm plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4326629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4326629/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">Fig. 7I, K</figureCitation>
|
||
) and distalmost part of the arm. The reason why H.L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5331FFFEFBB09A70FB79C00E" author="Clark H. L." box="[1055,1207,1042,1069]" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" pagination="429 - 453" refId="ref15585" refString="Clark H. L. 1917. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer Albatross from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., Commanding. XXX. Ophiuroidea. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 61 (12): 429 - 453." type="journal article" year="1917">Clark (1917)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not observe these pores could be related to the smaller size of the type material (MCZ OPH-4519, DD =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB9F7FF5331FFFEFAAB9A54FAA1C072" box="[1284,1391,1078,1105]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.11" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="21.1">21.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
) in comparison to the specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3561A8A5331FFFEFD2E9A38FCCDC050" box="[641,771,1113,1140]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
(MZUCR-ECH 1413, DD =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB9F7FF5331FFFEFBCB9A38FB72C057" box="[1124,1212,1114,1140]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="23.0">23 mm</quantity>
|
||
; MZUCR-ECH 1414, DD =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB9F7FF5331FFFEFEFD9A1FFE0EC0BB" box="[338,448,1149,1176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.68" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="26.8">26.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
). Taking into account all the nominal species, it seems that smaller specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4121995331FFFEFF129AC3FE9FC098" authorityName="Muller & Troschel" authorityYear="1840" box="[189,337,1185,1211]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085331FFFEFF129AC3FE9FC098" box="[189,337,1185,1211]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">Ophioderma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
tend to have reduced and fewer pores (or even absent) in the ventral part of the arm, whilst larger specimens can have larger and more numerous pores being a characteristic inherent of growth; this agrees with observations made by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5331FFFEFD359A8AFC9EC121" author="Nielsen E." box="[666,848,1256,1282]" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" pagination="241 - 346" refId="ref17315" refString="Nielsen E. 1932. Ophiurans from the Gulf of Panama, California and the Strait of Georgia. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening 91: 241 - 346." type="journal article" year="1932">Nielsen (1932)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Nevertheless, more specimens are necessary to review and compare to corroborate this assumption and to determine whether the pores have any functional importance in the organisms (pers. com. Stöhr &
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5331FFFEFC039B4DFB1DC16A" author="Granja-Fernandez R. & Rodriguez-Troncoso A. P. & Herrero-Perezrul M. D. & Sotelo-Casas R. C. & Ortega J. R. & Godinez-Dominguez E. & Salazar-Silva P. & Alarcon-Ortega L. C. & Cazares-Salazar A. & Cupul-Magana A. L." box="[940,1235,1327,1353]" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" pagination="167 - 177" refId="ref16145" refString="Granja-Fernandez R., Rodriguez-Troncoso A. P., Herrero-Perezrul M. D., Sotelo-Casas R. C., Flores- Ortega J. R., Godinez-Dominguez E., Salazar-Silva P., Alarcon-Ortega L. C., Cazares-Salazar A. & Cupul-Magana A. L. 2017. Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) from the Central Mexican Pacific: an updated checklist including new distribution records. Marine Biodiversity 47: 167 - 177. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12526 - 016 - 0459 - 4" type="journal article" year="2017">Granja-Fernández, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Lastly, it is important to remark that the field notes of the specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3561A8A5331FFFEFC1F9B31FBFCC14E" box="[944,1074,1363,1389]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
mentioned that the in vivo color of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4121995331FFFEFE8E9B15FE25C1B3" authorityName=", H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1917" box="[289,491,1398,1425]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pentacanthum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085331FFFEFE8E9B15FE25C1B3" box="[289,491,1398,1425]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">O. pentacanthum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was orange with brown botches on the disc and arms with transversal brown bands; this is the first record of the in vivo coloration for this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE5A1A5331FFFEFF129BBEFB7AC3CB" blockId="19.[189,1399,1500,2024]" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">
|
||
H.L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5331FFFEFF549BBEFE5DC1D5" author="Clark H. L." box="[251,403,1500,1526]" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" pagination="429 - 453" refId="ref15585" refString="Clark H. L. 1917. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer Albatross from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., Commanding. XXX. Ophiuroidea. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 61 (12): 429 - 453." type="journal article" year="1917">Clark (1917)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described this species from the Galapagos Islands but it was subsequently recorded in the Gulf of California,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3561A8A5331FFFEFE519B9DFD95C23A" box="[510,603,1535,1561]" name="Mexico" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3561A8A5331FFFEFD0E9B9DFCEEC23A" box="[673,800,1535,1561]" name="Guatemala" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5331FFFEFC9B9B9DFBDAC239" author="Ziesenhenne F. C." box="[820,1044,1535,1562]" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" pagination="185 - 201" refId="ref18074" refString="Ziesenhenne F. C. 1955. A review of the genus Ophioderma Muller and Troschel. In: Allan Hancock Foundation for Scientific Research (eds) Essays in the Natural Sciences in Honor of Captain Allan Hancock: 185 - 201. University of Southern California Press, Los Angeles." type="book chapter" year="1955">Ziesenhenne 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5331FFFEFB8B9B9DFA89C23A" author="Solis-Marin F. A. & Alvarado J. J. & Abreu-Perez M. & Aguilera O. & Alio J. & Bacallado-Aranega J. J. & Williams S. M." box="[1060,1351,1535,1562]" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" pagination="543 - 658" refId="ref17532" refString="Solis-Marin F. A., Alvarado J. J., Abreu-Perez M., Aguilera O., Alio J., Bacallado-Aranega J. J. & Williams S. M. 2013. Appendix. In: Alvarado-Barrientos J. J. & Solis-Marin F. A. (eds) Echinoderm Research and Diversity in Latin America: 543 - 658. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 642 - 20051 - 9" type="book chapter" year="2013">
|
||
Solís-Marín
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085331FFFEFB139862FB3AC23A" box="[1212,1268,1535,1561]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In the review of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4121995331FFFEFE419841FD4CC21E" authorityName="Muller & Troschel" authorityYear="1840" box="[494,642,1571,1597]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085331FFFEFE419841FD4CC21E" box="[494,642,1571,1597]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">Ophioderma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5331FFFEFD179841FC67C21D" author="Ziesenhenne F. C." box="[696,937,1571,1598]" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" pagination="185 - 201" refId="ref18074" refString="Ziesenhenne F. C. 1955. A review of the genus Ophioderma Muller and Troschel. In: Allan Hancock Foundation for Scientific Research (eds) Essays in the Natural Sciences in Honor of Captain Allan Hancock: 185 - 201. University of Southern California Press, Los Angeles." type="book chapter" year="1955">Ziesenhenne (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, he mentioned that the occurrence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4121995331FFFEFF129825FE4BC243" authorityName=", H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1917" box="[189,389,1606,1633]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pentacanthum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085331FFFEFF129825FE4BC243" box="[189,389,1606,1633]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">O. pentacanthum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Gulf of California (one specimen deposited in the Allan Hancock Collection) was “rare”. Nevertheless, many authors have considered this record as valid (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5331FFFEFBB99808FB6BC2A7" author="Maluf L. Y." box="[1046,1189,1642,1668]" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" pagination="345 - 367" refId="ref17146" refString="Maluf L. Y. 1991. Echinoderm fauna of the Galapagos Islands. In: James M. J. (ed.) Galapagos Marine Invertebrates: Taxonomy, Biogeography, and Evolution in Darwin's Islands: 345 - 367. Plenum, New York. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4899 - 0646 - 5 _ 17" type="book chapter" year="1991">Maluf 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5331FFFEFB1E9808FE64C28B" author="Buitron-Sanchez B. E. & Solis-Marin F. A." pageId="19" pageNumber="30" pagination="209 - 231" refId="ref15162" refString="Buitron-Sanchez B. E. & Solis-Marin F. A. 1993. La biodiversidad en los equinodermos fosiles y recientes de Mexico. Revista de la Sociedad Mexicana de Historia Natural 64: 209 - 231." type="journal article" year="1993">Buitrón-Sánchez & Solís-Marín 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5331FFFEFE1A98EFFD7BC28B" author="Maluf L. Y. & Brusca R. C." box="[437,693,1677,1704]" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" pagination="327 - 343" refId="ref17214" refString="Maluf L. Y. & Brusca R. C. 2005. Chapter 18. Echinodermata. In: Hendrickx M. E., Brusca R. C. & Findley L. T. (eds) A Distributional Checklist of the Macrofauna of the Gulf of California, Mexico. Part I. Invertebrates: 327 - 343. Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum, Tucson." type="book chapter" year="2005">Maluf & Brusca 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5331FFFEFD1098EFFBEBC28B" author="Granja-Fernandez R. & Herrero-Perezrul M. D. & Lopez-Perez A. & Hernandez-Morales A. & Rangel-Solis P. D." box="[703,1061,1677,1704]" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" pagination="37 - 47" refId="ref16005" refString="Granja-Fernandez R., Herrero-Perezrul M. D., Lopez-Perez A., Hernandez-Morales A. & Rangel-Solis P. D. 2015 a. A literature review of the Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) from the Pacific coast of Mexico. Revista de Biologia Tropical 63 (2): 37 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.15517 / RBT. V 63 I 2.23127" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Granja-Fernández
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085331FFFEFC3698ECFC05C284" box="[921,971,1677,1703]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2015a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We reviewed all the LACM
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4121995331FFFEFF1298D3FE9FC2E8" authorityName="Muller & Troschel" authorityYear="1840" box="[189,337,1713,1739]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085331FFFEFF1298D3FE9FC2E8" box="[189,337,1713,1739]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">Ophioderma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
material, where all the material of the Allan Hancock Foundation is deposited, and we could not find any material corresponding to Ziesenhenne´s record. Moreover, in all the other visited collections we did not find any specimens labeled and/or identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4121995331FFFEFC55989BFB0AC331" authorityName=", H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1917" box="[1018,1220,1784,1811]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pentacanthum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085331FFFEFC55989BFB0AC331" box="[1018,1220,1784,1811]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">O. pentacanthum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, except for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FAE4B85331FFFEFF12997EFF3EC315" box="[189,240,1820,1846]" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material from the Galapagos Islands. Despite the rarity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4121995331FFFEFC3B997EFB93C315" authorityName=", H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1917" box="[916,1117,1820,1846]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pentacanthum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085331FFFEFC3B997EFB93C315" box="[916,1117,1820,1846]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">O. pentacanthum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in scientific collections, the reviewed specimens agree with the distribution in the Southeastern Pacific (Galapagos Islands and Cocos Island) at depths below
|
||
<quantity id="4CB9F7FF5331FFFEFD8F9901FDA7C35D" box="[544,617,1891,1918]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
|
||
(H.L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5331FFFEFD1A9901FCF5C35E" author="Clark H. L." box="[693,827,1891,1917]" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" pagination="429 - 453" refId="ref15585" refString="Clark H. L. 1917. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer Albatross from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., Commanding. XXX. Ophiuroidea. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 61 (12): 429 - 453." type="journal article" year="1917">Clark 1917</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Consequently, it is plausible that Ziesenhenne´s specimen does not correspond to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4121995331FFFEFDE599E5FCDBC382" authorityName=", H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1917" box="[586,789,1927,1953]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pentacanthum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085331FFFEFDE599E5FCDBC382" box="[586,789,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">O. pentacanthum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but to a similar species (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4121995331FFFEFBD499E5FACCC382" authority="Granja-Fernández & Pineda-Enríquez & Solís-Marín & Laguarda-Figueras, 2020" authorityName="Granja-Fernández & Pineda-Enríquez & Solís-Marín & Laguarda-Figueras" authorityYear="2020" box="[1147,1282,1927,1953]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="hendleri" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085331FFFEFBD499E5FB5EC382" box="[1147,1168,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085331FFFEFB0F99E5FACCC382" box="[1184,1282,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">hendleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2063B735331FFFEFAA599E5FAA4C382" box="[1290,1386,1927,1953]" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
). Also, the
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD027EB5331FFFEFE8199C8FD9EC3E7" author="Solis-Marin F. A. & Alvarado J. J. & Abreu-Perez M. & Aguilera O. & Alio J. & Bacallado-Aranega J. J. & Williams S. M." box="[302,592,1962,1989]" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" pagination="543 - 658" refId="ref17532" refString="Solis-Marin F. A., Alvarado J. J., Abreu-Perez M., Aguilera O., Alio J., Bacallado-Aranega J. J. & Williams S. M. 2013. Appendix. In: Alvarado-Barrientos J. J. & Solis-Marin F. A. (eds) Echinoderm Research and Diversity in Latin America: 543 - 658. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 642 - 20051 - 9" type="book chapter" year="2013">
|
||
Solís-Marín
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085331FFFEFE6E99C9FE3AC3E7" box="[449,500,1962,1988]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2013)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
record of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4121995331FFFEFD6699C9FC5CC3E7" authorityName=", H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1917" box="[713,914,1962,1989]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiodermatidae" genus="Ophioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pentacanthum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93586085331FFFEFD6699C9FC5CC3E7" box="[713,914,1962,1989]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">O. pentacanthum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3561A8A5331FFFEFC7699C8FB96C3E7" box="[985,1112,1962,1988]" name="Guatemala" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
|
||
is erroneous. Therefore, we suggest that the records from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3561A8A5331FFFEFDED99ACFD52C3CB" box="[578,668,1998,2024]" name="Mexico" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3561A8A5331FFFEFD7A99ACFC9AC3CB" box="[725,852,1998,2024]" name="Guatemala" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
|
||
should be considered invalid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |