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<document id="EA05961D835DB7C6B4637DFBFFC119A6" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.186270" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f93079e5-264d-43c3-83e4-3513abb11d33" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="186270" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461049277320" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Liu, Chun-Xiang &amp; Kang, Le" docDate="2009" docId="03D387A6FFC28A330BB1FE5CFE65F8D9" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02031p052.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2031" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Paraxantia Liu &amp; Kang, 2009, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="38" masterDocId="FFEAFFDEFFC38A310B26FFF9FFD9FA16" masterDocTitle="A new genus, Paraxantia gen. nov., with descriptions of four new species (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae) from China" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="36" pageNumber="37" updateTime="1698578176331" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="C66A82824C177F15F3256B2067E38AA9" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="4FA01463220B6E55E57016EF540D67C9">
<mods:title id="293D2214F1896B37A7746D609F5D5C72">A new genus, Paraxantia gen. nov., with descriptions of four new species (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae) from China</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="9391DEA80B5564CFB98713EA07D5173C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D86D84C12A4C6FEC3845E38D994099BB">
<mods:roleTerm id="9E5AEDC4ECC84D95D344FACBAB2CA7B8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2641FC2D80B0483A9ADAD661E687575C">Liu, Chun-Xiang</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="4AA231D1667CB03584BA35C100C8A425" type="personal">
<mods:role id="12C64539BC9FE49BF6886E87FBA68EBA">
<mods:roleTerm id="CF960B797A16C17FBC943878C1DCC3EA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="030796225C0E81309255E9BEEA66FD66">Kang, Le</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="C63BF72D0FE89A0DC970917045404F10">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="FDC5B70C5007E6F1AB4A5C9F959A5BF1" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="6EBFAB363F287460E872387186F3FE1A">
<mods:title id="B29385E24B44A0E9C87DB2077BAC4515">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="1AAC29B5462DDB75D400AB2E4CECCEAA">
<mods:date id="D06E86AC2F602E6C61D0992674F56613">2009</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="E123877F5FCFF2E7C7BDA8FB663E85E8" type="volume">
<mods:number id="70CC613B65977B5EEE5D532F02F0D15F">2031</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="01FA68E2E2D4418BAEAF9EBB419AD9AC" unit="page">
<mods:start id="9C1A6D403022276DAF9C91AF0D3F8C8D">36</mods:start>
<mods:end id="9CDC754C586FA79B70A413E25815796B">52</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="2CABADC241236562CE3DD6892984B27F">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="A14D42D376DA695B93BBA9A329546FEE" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.186270</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9526DD0124217B679DB10690CB0DC2DA" type="GBIF-Dataset">f93079e5-264d-43c3-83e4-3513abb11d33</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1CB87AA92CFB774AA7337D40C5FA96C3" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4F5D69B2471E2D561B6D1FCEF753F7C1" type="Zenodo-Dep">186270</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03D387A6FFC28A330BB1FE5CFE65F8D9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6216330" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119611490" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6216330" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D387A6FFC28A330BB1FE5CFE65F8D9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D387A6FFC28A330BB1FE5CFE65F8D9" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">
<subSubSection id="C360653BFFC28A300BB1FE5CFE33FBA9" box="[151,490,421,447]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC536B0FFC28A300BB1FE5CFE33FBA9" blockId="1.[151,490,421,447]" box="[151,490,421,447]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">
<heading id="D08D81DCFFC28A300BB1FE5CFE33FBA9" bold="true" box="[151,490,421,447]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B90EEAA2FFC28A300BB1FE5CFE33FBA9" bold="true" box="[151,490,421,447]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D33FFC28A300BC8FE5CFEACFBA9" box="[238,373,421,447]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Paraxantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90EEAA2FFC28A300BC8FE5CFEACFBA9" bold="true" box="[238,373,421,447]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Paraxantia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23D57D9FFC28A300A5AFE5CFE33FBA9" box="[380,490,421,447]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C360653BFFC28A300BB1FE17FBD3F81F" box="[151,1034,494,521]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BC536B0FFC28A300BB1FE17FBD3F81F" blockId="1.[151,1437,494,2032]" box="[151,1034,494,521]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="B90EEAA2FFC28A300BB1FE17FEE2F81E" bold="true" box="[151,315,494,520]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">
<typeStatus id="54C18812FFC28A300BB1FE17FF0DF81E" box="[151,212,494,520]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Type</typeStatus>
species:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D33FFC28A300A65FE16FD0DF81F" authority="Liu &amp; Kang" authorityName="Liu &amp; Kang" box="[323,724,495,521]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Paraxantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tibetensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90EEAA2FFC28A300A65FE16FDE4F81E" box="[323,573,495,520]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Paraxantia tibetensis</emphasis>
Liu &amp; Kang
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B90EEAA2FFC28A3009C6FE17FCE4F81E" bold="true" box="[736,829,494,520]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23D57D9FFC28A3009C6FE17FCE4F81E" box="[736,829,494,520]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Here designated.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C360653BFFC28A300BE3FDECFB52F928" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BC536B0FFC28A300BE3FDECFB52F928" blockId="1.[151,1437,494,2032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="B90EEAA2FFC28A300BE3FDECFE9EF839" bold="true" box="[197,327,533,559]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Compound eyes twice as long as wide (
<figureCitation id="13412A35FFC28A300838FDECFC57F839" box="[798,910,533,559]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 5" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1553,1577]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,201,1524]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,197,1550]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 5. head Paraxantia gen. nov. in caudal view. Fig. 1, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 2, P. sin ica (Liu) (paratype from Fujian); Fig. 3, P. hubeiensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 4, P. p a r a s i n i c a sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 5, P. bicornis sp. nov. (holotype). (scale bar = 1 mm)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186271/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Figs. 1–5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13412A35FFC28A3008BCFDECFC3EF839" box="[922,999,533,559]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 11 – 15" captionStart-1="FIGURES 16 – 25" captionStartId-0="5.[151,269,1634,1658]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,270,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox-0="[158,1426,194,1591]" captionTargetBox-1="[203,1426,189,1867]" captionTargetId-0="figure@5.[151,1436,194,1610]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[163,1428,189,1868]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURES 11 – 15. head and pronotum of Paraxantia gen. nov. in lateral view. Fig. 11, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 12, P. s i n i c a (Liu) (paratype from Fujian); Fig. 13, P. hubeiensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 14, P. parasinica sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 15, P. b i c o r n i s sp. nov. (holotype). (scale bar = 1 mm)" captionText-1="FIGURES 16 – 25. Photograph of head of Paraxantia gen. nov. Figs. 16, 21, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype); Figs. 17, 22, P. s i n i c a (Liu) (paratype from Fujian); Figs. 18, 23, P. hubeiensis sp. nov. (holotype); Figs. 19, 24, P. parasinica sp. nov. (holotype); Figs. 20, 25, P. b i c o r n i s sp. nov. (holotype); Figs. 16 – 20, head in caudical view; Figs. 21 – 25, head of Paraxantia sp. in dorsal view. (scale bar = 1 mm)" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/186273/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/186274/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">11–25</figureCitation>
); fastigium verticis strongly deflexed forwards, with apex distinctly emarginated (
<figureCitation id="13412A35FFC28A3009BAFDC5FCC2F840" box="[668,795,572,598]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 5" captionStart-1="FIGURES 6 – 10" captionStartId-0="3.[151,269,1553,1577]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,269,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox-0="[155,1431,201,1524]" captionTargetBox-1="[162,1426,361,1773]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[151,1436,197,1550]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[151,1436,351,1849]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 5. head Paraxantia gen. nov. in caudal view. Fig. 1, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 2, P. sin ica (Liu) (paratype from Fujian); Fig. 3, P. hubeiensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 4, P. p a r a s i n i c a sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 5, P. bicornis sp. nov. (holotype). (scale bar = 1 mm)" captionText-1="FIGURES 6 – 10. head and pronotum of Paraxantia gen. nov. in dorsal view. Fig. 6, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 7, P. s i n i c a (Liu) (paratype from Fujian); Fig. 8, P. hubeiensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 9, P. parasinica sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 10, P. b i c o r n i s sp. nov. (holotype). (scale bar = 1 mm)" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/186271/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/186272/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Figs. 1–10</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13412A35FFC28A30080EFDC5FCACF840" box="[808,885,572,598]" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 25" captionStartId="6.[151,270,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[203,1426,189,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[163,1428,189,1868]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 25. Photograph of head of Paraxantia gen. nov. Figs. 16, 21, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype); Figs. 17, 22, P. s i n i c a (Liu) (paratype from Fujian); Figs. 18, 23, P. hubeiensis sp. nov. (holotype); Figs. 19, 24, P. parasinica sp. nov. (holotype); Figs. 20, 25, P. b i c o r n i s sp. nov. (holotype); Figs. 16 – 20, head in caudical view; Figs. 21 – 25, head of Paraxantia sp. in dorsal view. (scale bar = 1 mm)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186274/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">16–25</figureCitation>
); pronotal disk approximately flat, just slightly rough, gradually tilting backwards, with lateral carinae finely denticulate on prozona (
<figureCitation id="13412A35FFC28A300F95FD9BFAE0F86A" box="[1203,1337,610,636]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 10" captionStartId="4.[151,269,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,361,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,351,1849]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 10. head and pronotum of Paraxantia gen. nov. in dorsal view. Fig. 6, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 7, P. s i n i c a (Liu) (paratype from Fujian); Fig. 8, P. hubeiensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 9, P. parasinica sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 10, P. b i c o r n i s sp. nov. (holotype). (scale bar = 1 mm)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186272/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Figs. 6–10</figureCitation>
); lateral lobes of pronotum higher than long, and gradually becoming higher backwards; with moderate humeral notch (
<figureCitation id="13412A35FFC28A300B86FD49FEE8F8DC" box="[160,305,688,714]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 15" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,194,1591]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,194,1610]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 15. head and pronotum of Paraxantia gen. nov. in lateral view. Fig. 11, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 12, P. s i n i c a (Liu) (paratype from Fujian); Fig. 13, P. hubeiensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 14, P. parasinica sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 15, P. b i c o r n i s sp. nov. (holotype). (scale bar = 1 mm)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186273/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Figs. 11–15</figureCitation>
); anterior coxae unarmed; each femur possessing strong ventral spines (
<figureCitation id="13412A35FFC28A300FB6FD49FB33F8DC" box="[1168,1258,688,714]" captionStart="FIGURES 65, 69" captionStartId="14.[151,273,1855,1879]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,438,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[153,1433,429,1829]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 65, 69. lateral views; Figs. 66, 67, hind femur in lateral view; Fig. 68, genicular lobe of hind femur of Paraxantia gen. nov. in lateral view. Figs. 65, 66, Xantia borneensis, Figs. 67 – 69, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype). [Figs. 65, 66, after Brunner von Wattenwyl 1878: 112] (scale bar = 1 mm)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186280/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Fig. 67</figureCitation>
); each femoral genicular lobe with a distinct median spine (
<figureCitation id="13412A35FFC28A30098FFD2EFCE5F8E7" box="[681,828,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURES 65, 69" captionStartId="14.[151,273,1855,1879]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,438,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[153,1433,429,1829]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 65, 69. lateral views; Figs. 66, 67, hind femur in lateral view; Fig. 68, genicular lobe of hind femur of Paraxantia gen. nov. in lateral view. Figs. 65, 66, Xantia borneensis, Figs. 67 – 69, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype). [Figs. 65, 66, after Brunner von Wattenwyl 1878: 112] (scale bar = 1 mm)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186280/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Figs. 67, 69</figureCitation>
); tegmen gradually attenuated behind middle, with approximately erect apical margin (
<figureCitation id="13412A35FFC28A300963FD04FD79F901" box="[581,672,765,791]" captionStart="FIGURES 65, 69" captionStartId="14.[151,273,1855,1879]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,438,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[153,1433,429,1829]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 65, 69. lateral views; Figs. 66, 67, hind femur in lateral view; Fig. 68, genicular lobe of hind femur of Paraxantia gen. nov. in lateral view. Figs. 65, 66, Xantia borneensis, Figs. 67 – 69, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype). [Figs. 65, 66, after Brunner von Wattenwyl 1878: 112] (scale bar = 1 mm)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186280/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Fig. 68</figureCitation>
); Rs not bifurcate (
<figureCitation id="13412A35FFC28A3008ACFD04FC3FF901" box="[906,998,765,791]" captionStart="FIGURES 65, 69" captionStartId="14.[151,273,1855,1879]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,438,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[153,1433,429,1829]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 65, 69. lateral views; Figs. 66, 67, hind femur in lateral view; Fig. 68, genicular lobe of hind femur of Paraxantia gen. nov. in lateral view. Figs. 65, 66, Xantia borneensis, Figs. 67 – 69, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype). [Figs. 65, 66, after Brunner von Wattenwyl 1878: 112] (scale bar = 1 mm)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186280/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Fig. 68</figureCitation>
); male subgenital plate with distinct styli (
<figureCitation id="13412A35FFC28A300BFFFCDDFEE3F928" box="[217,314,804,830]" captionStart="FIGURES 48 – 49" captionStartId="10.[151,270,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,204,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[153,1433,197,1914]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 48 – 49. male abdominal apex of Paraxantia gen. nov. in lateral view; Figs 50 – 54, male subgenital plate of Paraxantia gen. nov. in ventral view. Fig. 48, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 49, P. parasinica sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 50, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 51, P. si n ica (Liu) (paratype from Fujian); Fig. 52, P. hubeiensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 53, P. parasinica sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 54, P. b ico rn is sp. nov. (holotype). (scale bar = 1 mm)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186277/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Figs. 48</figureCitation>
–54); male phallus bearing complex systematical sclerites (
<figureCitation id="13412A35FFC28A3008C8FCDDFBA7F928" box="[1006,1150,804,830]" captionStart="FIGURES 60 – 64" captionStartId="12.[151,269,1699,1723]" captionTargetBox="[152,1420,588,1673]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,583,1673]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 60 – 64. male concealed sclerotized genitalia of Paraxantia gen. nov. in dorsal view. Fig. 60, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 61, P. s i n i ca (Liu) (paratype from Fujian); Fig. 62, P. hubeiensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 63, P. parasinica sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 64, P. b i c o r n i s sp. nov. (holotype). (scale bar = 1 mm)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186279/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Figs. 60–64</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C360653BFFC28A300BE3FCB3FE4EFDB4" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC536B0FFC28A300BE3FCB3FAB1FF22" blockId="1.[151,1437,494,2032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="B90EEAA2FFC28A300BE3FCB3FEBEF972" bold="true" box="[197,359,842,868]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Description:</emphasis>
Head ovoid, occiput convex and smooth. Fastigium verticis triangular, well-produced, strongly deflexed, dorsally slightly or distinctly sulcate, approximately twice as wide as first segment of antenna, with apex slightly emarginated, nearly touching fastigium frontis. Fastigium frontis triangular, perpendicular. Compound eye elongate, greatly bulging, ventral margin extending through to ventral margin of antennal scrobe (
<figureCitation id="13412A35FFC28A300A5BFC1CFE34F9E9" box="[381,493,997,1023]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 5" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1553,1577]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,201,1524]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,197,1550]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 5. head Paraxantia gen. nov. in caudal view. Fig. 1, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 2, P. sin ica (Liu) (paratype from Fujian); Fig. 3, P. hubeiensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 4, P. p a r a s i n i c a sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 5, P. bicornis sp. nov. (holotype). (scale bar = 1 mm)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186271/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Figs. 1–5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13412A35FFC28A300ADFFC1CFD9EF9E9" box="[505,583,997,1023]" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 25" captionStartId="6.[151,270,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[203,1426,189,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[163,1428,189,1868]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 25. Photograph of head of Paraxantia gen. nov. Figs. 16, 21, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype); Figs. 17, 22, P. s i n i c a (Liu) (paratype from Fujian); Figs. 18, 23, P. hubeiensis sp. nov. (holotype); Figs. 19, 24, P. parasinica sp. nov. (holotype); Figs. 20, 25, P. b i c o r n i s sp. nov. (holotype); Figs. 16 – 20, head in caudical view; Figs. 21 – 25, head of Paraxantia sp. in dorsal view. (scale bar = 1 mm)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186274/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">16–25</figureCitation>
). Antennae thread-like, long and flexible. Pronotum gradually tilting and widened backwards; pronotal disk approximately flat, just slightly rough; first transverse groove strongly impressed; second transverse groove more or less indistinct, present before middle with a discontiguous elongate median line extending; lateral carinae finely denticulate on prozona; anterior margin strongly concaved, posterior margin obtuse, with a small middle notch; some small granules composed of two lines, which is shaped into a angle from connection between first transverse groove and each lateral carina to centre of posterior margin (
<figureCitation id="13412A35FFC28A300AAAFB34FDD7FEF1" box="[396,526,1229,1255]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 10" captionStartId="4.[151,269,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,361,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,351,1849]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 10. head and pronotum of Paraxantia gen. nov. in dorsal view. Fig. 6, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 7, P. s i n i c a (Liu) (paratype from Fujian); Fig. 8, P. hubeiensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 9, P. parasinica sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 10, P. b i c o r n i s sp. nov. (holotype). (scale bar = 1 mm)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186272/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Figs. 6–10</figureCitation>
). Lateral lobes of pronotum deeper than long; anterior margin with a distinct concavity at top, remainder of anterior margin approximately straight, posterior margin slightly obtuse, ventral margin outspreading backwards, slightly sinuate. Humeral notch distinct, moderate (
<figureCitation id="13412A35FFC28A300FEBFAE3FA82FF22" box="[1229,1371,1306,1332]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 15" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,194,1591]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,194,1610]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 15. head and pronotum of Paraxantia gen. nov. in lateral view. Fig. 11, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 12, P. s i n i c a (Liu) (paratype from Fujian); Fig. 13, P. hubeiensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 14, P. parasinica sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 15, P. b i c o r n i s sp. nov. (holotype). (scale bar = 1 mm)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186273/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Figs. 11–15</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC536B0FFC28A300BE3FAB8FA97FC87" blockId="1.[151,1437,494,2032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">
Tegmen slightly translucent, gradually widened from base, then attenuated behind middle, with regular veinlets; Costa indistinct; subcostal vein and radial vein joined at base, then separated but closely abutted together till before apical part of tegmen; radical sector not bifurcated; apex of tegmen rounded (
<figureCitation id="13412A35FFC28A300E15FA76FA57FFBF" box="[1331,1422,1423,1449]" captionStart="FIGURES 65, 69" captionStartId="14.[151,273,1855,1879]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,438,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[153,1433,429,1829]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 65, 69. lateral views; Figs. 66, 67, hind femur in lateral view; Fig. 68, genicular lobe of hind femur of Paraxantia gen. nov. in lateral view. Figs. 65, 66, Xantia borneensis, Figs. 67 – 69, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype). [Figs. 65, 66, after Brunner von Wattenwyl 1878: 112] (scale bar = 1 mm)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186280/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Fig. 68</figureCitation>
). Male stridulatory area (Figs. 26–37) with posterior margin straight; male right stridulatory area with distinct mirror. Anterior coxae unarmed. Anterior and median femora with regularly-arranged big spines on ventroanterior margin; posterior femur with many regularly-arranged big spines on ventro-anterior margin and a few big spines near apex on ventro-posterior margin. Anterior tibiae dorsally approximately flat, with tympanum conchate on both sides; widened at and gradually constricted below tympana. Median tibia almost flat, without distinct groove, with or without dorsal spines; posterior tibiae with dorsal spines on both sides.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC536B0FFC28A300BE3F959FBF1FD6A" blockId="1.[151,1437,494,2032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">
Male terminalia. Tenth abdominal tergum broad, concave in middle (
<figureCitation id="13412A35FFC28A300F04F959FB64FCAC" box="[1058,1213,1696,1722]" captionStart="FIGURES 48 – 49" captionStartId="10.[151,270,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,204,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[153,1433,197,1914]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 48 – 49. male abdominal apex of Paraxantia gen. nov. in lateral view; Figs 50 – 54, male subgenital plate of Paraxantia gen. nov. in ventral view. Fig. 48, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 49, P. parasinica sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 50, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 51, P. si n ica (Liu) (paratype from Fujian); Fig. 52, P. hubeiensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 53, P. parasinica sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 54, P. b ico rn is sp. nov. (holotype). (scale bar = 1 mm)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186277/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Figs. 48–49</figureCitation>
). Subgenital plate elongate, with notch at apex; styli minute, robust, short (
<figureCitation id="13412A35FFC28A300819F93EFC0BFCF7" box="[831,978,1735,1761]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 60 – 64" captionStart-1="FIGURES 65, 69" captionStartId-0="12.[151,269,1699,1723]" captionStartId-1="14.[151,273,1855,1879]" captionTargetBox-0="[152,1420,588,1673]" captionTargetBox-1="[153,1433,438,1828]" captionTargetId-0="figure@12.[151,1436,583,1673]" captionTargetId-1="figure@14.[153,1433,429,1829]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="14" captionText-0="FIGURES 60 – 64. male concealed sclerotized genitalia of Paraxantia gen. nov. in dorsal view. Fig. 60, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 61, P. s i n i ca (Liu) (paratype from Fujian); Fig. 62, P. hubeiensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 63, P. parasinica sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 64, P. b i c o r n i s sp. nov. (holotype). (scale bar = 1 mm)" captionText-1="FIGURES 65, 69. lateral views; Figs. 66, 67, hind femur in lateral view; Fig. 68, genicular lobe of hind femur of Paraxantia gen. nov. in lateral view. Figs. 65, 66, Xantia borneensis, Figs. 67 – 69, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype). [Figs. 65, 66, after Brunner von Wattenwyl 1878: 112] (scale bar = 1 mm)" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/186279/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/186280/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Figs. 63–67</figureCitation>
). Male concealed sclerotized genitalia complex, comprising an upper smooth conchae, a median pair of crinkled band-shaped spinous sclerites and a lower pair of denticulate sclerites or a lower unpaired sclerite with bifurcate distal part, which separately enveloped by membranous structures, and arranged from top down in internal genitalia; structure of lower denticulate sclerites distinctly various through different species (Figs. 50–54).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC536B0FFC28A300BE3F871FE4EFDB4" blockId="1.[151,1437,494,2032]" box="[197,407,1928,1954]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Female unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C360653BFFC28A330BE3F856FCF0F84D" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BC536B0FFC28A330BE3F856FD4BFB5A" blockId="1.[151,1437,494,2032]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,152,719]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="B90EEAA2FFC28A300BE3F856FE8FFDDF" bold="true" box="[197,342,1967,1993]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Discussion:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D33FFC28A300A78F856FE3CFDDE" box="[350,485,1967,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Paraxantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90EEAA2FFC28A300A78F856FE3CFDDE" box="[350,485,1967,1992]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Paraxantia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D33FFC28A300948F856FCF0FDDF" authority="Brunner" authorityName="Brunner" box="[622,809,1967,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Xantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90EEAA2FFC28A300948F856FD67FDDE" box="[622,702,1967,1992]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Xantia</emphasis>
Brunner
</taxonomicName>
von Wattenwyl in the shape of compound eyes, the width of fastigium verticis, and the shape of lateral lobes of pronotum. It differs from the latter by the shape of pronotal posterior margin, Rs vein of tegmen, and the shape of hind tibiae. In
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D33FFC18A330F16FF61FBA7FAA7" box="[1072,1150,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Xantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90EEAA2FFC18A330F16FF61FBA7FAA7" box="[1072,1150,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Xantia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the posterior margin of the pronotum is angular, the tegmen is lanceolate and tapering from the widest middle part in the latter, the Rs vein is bifurcate, and, the hind tibia is dilated at base (
<figureCitation id="13412A35FFC18A330830FF1CFC7FFAE9" box="[790,934,229,255]" captionStart="FIGURES 65, 69" captionStartId="14.[151,273,1855,1879]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,438,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[153,1433,429,1829]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 65, 69. lateral views; Figs. 66, 67, hind femur in lateral view; Fig. 68, genicular lobe of hind femur of Paraxantia gen. nov. in lateral view. Figs. 65, 66, Xantia borneensis, Figs. 67 – 69, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype). [Figs. 65, 66, after Brunner von Wattenwyl 1878: 112] (scale bar = 1 mm)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186280/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Figs. 65, 66</figureCitation>
). The characters of
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D33FFC18A330FA9FF1CFACAFAE8" box="[1167,1299,229,254]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Paraxantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90EEAA2FFC18A330FA9FF1CFACAFAE8" box="[1167,1299,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Paraxantia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
distinguish it from
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D33FFC18A330BC9FEF5FEE4FB33" box="[239,317,268,293]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Xantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90EEAA2FFC18A330BC9FEF5FEE4FB33" box="[239,317,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Xantia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at generic level, although there is no description on male abdominal apex of
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D33FFC18A330FE1FEF5FA45FB33" box="[1223,1436,268,293]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Xantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borneensis">
<emphasis id="B90EEAA2FFC18A330FE1FEF5FA45FB33" box="[1223,1436,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Xantia borneensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because of loss of the abdomen of the
<typeStatus id="54C18812FFC18A33097EFECBFD57FB5A" box="[600,654,306,332]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC536B0FFC18A330BE3FEA0FE33FBF1" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,719]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D33FFC18A330BE3FEA0FE89FB64" box="[197,336,345,370]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Paraxantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90EEAA2FFC18A330BE3FEA0FE89FB64" box="[197,336,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Paraxantia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses a leaf-shaped tegmen, from which we infer that the katydids live in broadleaf forests. When collecting in the field,
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D33FFC18A33096FFE79FD14FB8F" box="[585,717,384,409]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Paraxantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90EEAA2FFC18A33096FFE79FD14FB8F" box="[585,717,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Paraxantia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was not collected by net during the daytime, but many males were acquired by attraction to lights. This further suggests that these katydids live in broadleaf forests. Only males were attracted to light.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC536B0FFC18A330BE3FE0DFCF0F84D" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,719]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
Species of
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D33FFC18A330A61FE0DFE12F81B" box="[327,459,500,525]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Paraxantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90EEAA2FFC18A330A61FE0DFE12F81B" box="[327,459,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Paraxantia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are distributed in middle altitudes of South of
<collectingCountry id="F36D7620FFC18A3308D2FE0DFBE7F818" box="[1012,1086,500,526]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">China</collectingCountry>
. Males were attracted to light from
<quantity id="4C829B55FFC18A330BFDFDE3FEF8F822" box="[219,289,538,564]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" unit="m" value="700.0">700m</quantity>
to
<quantity id="4C829B55FFC18A330A6DFDE3FE7DF822" box="[331,420,538,564]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200m</quantity>
. Until now, we have collected them in primal forests in Hubei Province, Guangxi Province, Fujian Province, Sichuan Province, and Tibet.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C360653BFFC18A330BE3FD9EFC21F8BE" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BC536B0FFC18A330BE3FD9EFC21F8BE" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,719]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B90EEAA2FFC18A330BE3FD9EFE8EF897" bold="true" box="[197,343,615,641]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Etymology:</emphasis>
The name
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D33FFC18A330AF8FD91FDBAF897" box="[478,611,616,641]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Paraxantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90EEAA2FFC18A330AF8FD91FDBAF897" box="[478,611,616,641]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Paraxantia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is composed of the prefix
<emphasis id="B90EEAA2FFC18A330883FD91FC33F897" box="[933,1002,616,641]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Para-</emphasis>
, and name of another genus
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D33FFC18A330E63FD91FA4DF897" box="[1349,1428,616,641]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Xantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90EEAA2FFC18A330E63FD91FA4DF897" box="[1349,1428,616,641]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Xantia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The name refers that the new genus is related to
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D33FFC18A3309E9FD76FCC4F8BE" box="[719,797,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Xantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90EEAA2FFC18A3309E9FD76FCC4F8BE" box="[719,797,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Xantia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Feminine gender.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C360653BFFC18A330BE3FD4CFE65F8D9" box="[197,444,693,719]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BC536B0FFC18A330BE3FD4CFE65F8D9" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,719]" box="[197,444,693,719]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B90EEAA2FFC18A330BE3FD4CFEBEF8D9" bold="true" box="[197,359,693,719]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Distribution:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F36D7620FFC18A330A49FD4CFE60F8D9" box="[367,441,693,719]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">China</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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