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<document id="EEEE6A03E53092229E32E10D9CE026B3" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.645.3.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722597584661" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Dasanthi, Naduni, Thambugala, Kasun M., Karunarathna, Samantha C., Ediriweera, Aseni, Munasinghe, Helani, Elgorban, Abdallah M., Harischandra, Hiruni &amp; Dharmasena, Buddhika P." docDate="2024" docId="03B28789FFBDE32E57ECA6CD564EFE18" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.645.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 645 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.645.3.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Schizophyllum radiatum Fries 1851" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="200" masterDocId="FF8BFFF1FFB5E3275764A653531FFFAC" masterDocTitle="Morphological and molecular insights into the hidden edible mushroom diversity in Sri Lanka" masterLastPageNumber="213" masterPageNumber="192" pageNumber="200" updateTime="1722802195778" updateUser="felipe" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="2D6FD3CA3940C8A01886C1CD6360620D">Morphological and molecular insights into the hidden edible mushroom diversity in Sri Lanka</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5F4639AA7B692C859A2DDE70C75E4A4D">Dasanthi, Naduni</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FB0AAF1247CFCDA4549F8C943BBF5A78">Thambugala, Kasun M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9B93F5B461C66087CCC2C8FCC790EC40">Genetics and Molecular Biology Unit, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka &amp; Center for Biotechnology, Department of Zoology, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9AE2840441944F3B3F0DD5CE214D0960">Karunarathna, Samantha C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="10008D345C982CC8262B23C14489063B">Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China &amp; National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Hantane Road, Kandy, Sri Lanka</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="EAF1C85D0A8044A8C5E18A84E54985A5" type="email">samanthakarunarathna@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="DD3CC7AACFBFE14DB795D649B9EDB93E">Ediriweera, Aseni</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FF9ADB42109F5EE159B7EC91CDD614C9" type="ORCID">0009-0004-5876-7615</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="3F42E864054CA5D97925B7D269B2FFBB">B-Hood Myco-Tropic Innovations, 1 / 9, 1 Lane, Issadeen Town, Matara, Sri Lanka</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="59C60549FEB2AB9B3183780CE9469F30">Munasinghe, Helani</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EF70893DEA95E88CDF2CC4F8E4B087E5">Center for Plant Materials and Herbal Products Research, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka &amp; Department of Botany, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FFAC76B06D91FD1217600A6A5012DB0E" type="email">helani@sci.sjp.ac.lk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="E7DC92A429AC844E0A97516471102B34">Elgorban, Abdallah M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D8BC0985891D579EC0B3B636C5BCDF28">Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="080C90F5552D5C6787BCAF237848725A">Harischandra, Hiruni</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="63EE302F5DB5563451C04FCF8E78E4EE">Genetics and Molecular Biology Unit, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5B866E035E5219A068FF817DF2499BEE" type="email">hirunih@sci.sjp.ac.lk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="97FBCA8BA413B3684505CAD20B62E48A">Dharmasena, Buddhika P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FFA406363EF18C19EB1D317DE3191BE1">Center for Plant Materials and Herbal Products Research, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka &amp; Department of Botany, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="C48FDB44EDE1FBE888A68948E97E3FE3">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="32DB5566736BF5C13376FC4464FEB705">
<mods:date id="0F224C74879DEAD82632394DD9048650">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="40A5F37BD1B54C743B777041DBF4A0C6">2024-04-26</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="567468EA90085AEB81529F37BB628983">645</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="7BE409861991CC640294C96F150AA4A6">3</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="91E3B6FA3EE145C9732051961476877F">192</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="01274D937DEA07AAA41CD08CAF7B82BF">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.645.3.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="86CAA6D9393F16DD4522FC931945F0C6">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="140B1A2D94699EC733EA21215F950B4B" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.645.3.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B28789FFBDE32E57ECA6CD564EFE18" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B28789FFBDE32E57ECA6CD564EFE18" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B28789FFBDE32E57ECA6CD564EFE18" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="200" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">
<subSubSection id="C3016514FFBDE32F57ECA6CD5287FF71" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA4369FFFBDE32F57ECA6CD5146FF15" blockId="8.[136,601,158,185]" box="[136,601,158,185]" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">
<heading id="D0EC81F3FFBDE32F57ECA6CD5146FF15" box="[136,601,158,185]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" reason="3">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0B11B1FFBDE32F57ECA6CD5146FF15" box="[136,601,158,185]" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">
<treatmentCitation id="0ABA108EFFBDE32F57ECA6CD5146FF15" author="Fries, E. M." box="[136,601,158,185]" page=")" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" year="1851">
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D1CFFBDE32F57ECA6CD5146FF15" ID-CoL="4VCBZ" authority="Fries (1851: 41)" authorityName="Fries" authorityPageNumber="41" authorityYear="1851" box="[136,601,158,185]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Schizophyllaceae" genus="Schizophyllum" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="radiatum">
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F57ECA6CD52BBFF15" bold="true" box="[136,420,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Schizophyllum radiatum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B6EFFBDE32F56CFA6CD5146FF15" author="Fries, E. M." box="[427,601,158,185]" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" refId="ref9800" refString="Fries, E. M. (1851) Novae symbolae mycologicae, in peregrinis terris a botanicis danicis collectae. Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis Series 3 1 (1): 41. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 112967" type="book" year="1851">Fries (1851:41)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA4369FFFBDE32F57ECA6915287FF71" blockId="8.[136,408,194,257]" box="[136,408,194,221]" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Index Fungorum: 18512</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3016514FFBDE32F57ECA6B55697FE50" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA4369FFFBDE32F57ECA6B55264FEAC" blockId="8.[136,408,194,257]" box="[136,379,230,257]" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">
<figureCitation id="13202A1AFFBDE32F57ECA6B553F9FEAD" box="[136,230,230,257]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[136,229,1013,1035]" captionTargetBox="[344,1243,714,982]" captionTargetId="figure-188@8.[340,1247,710,986]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Schizophyllum radiatum (Herbarium code: USJ-H-016). a. Mature basidiomata in situ. b,c. Mature basidiomata ex-situ. Scale bars: a, b, c = 1.5 cm. Photography by Naduni Dasanthi." pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Figure 7</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="13202A1AFFBDE32F5679A6B55264FEAC" box="[285,379,230,256]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="8.[136,229,1387,1409]" captionTargetBox="[358,1236,1106,1341]" captionTargetId="figure-221@8.[340,1247,1097,1363]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 8. Schizophyllum radiatum (Herbarium code: USJ-H-016). a. Basidiospore. b. Basidia. c. Smooth abhymenial hairs. Scale bars: a, b = 5 µm; c = 10 µm. Illustration by Aseni Ediriweera." pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Figure 8</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA4369FFFBDE32F57ECA77D5697FE50" blockId="8.[136,1451,302,688]" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F57ECA77D520EFEE4" box="[136,273,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Basidiocarp</emphasis>
small.
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D1CFFBDE32F560DA77D52B0FEE4" authorityName="Desor" authorityYear="1857" box="[361,431,302,328]" class="Echinoidea" family="Anorthopygidae" genus="Pileus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Holectypoida" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F560DA77D52B0FEE4" box="[361,431,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Pileus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<quantity id="4CE39B7AFFBDE32F56DDA77D512AFEE5" box="[441,565,302,329]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" unit="mm" value="22.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="15.0">1530 mm</quantity>
wide and
<quantity id="4CE39B7AFFBDE32F55D5A77D5032FEE5" box="[689,813,302,329]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" unit="mm" value="37.5" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="30.0">3045 mm</quantity>
long, flabelliform, semicircular, occasionally sessile or semistipitate, margin smooth, ragged, tightly rolled toward the hymenium,
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F549DA7015754FEC0" box="[1017,1099,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">pellicle</emphasis>
6070 μm thick; grey (3D1), grayish white (4C1), or white (4A1) with zones of brownish gray (5C2), brownish orange (7C3), or greyish orange (6B3);
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F57BDA7C85235FE18" box="[217,298,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">context</emphasis>
of 100 to 300 μm thick.
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F5522A7C851A0FE18" box="[582,703,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Hymenium</emphasis>
formed of split gills, 430750 μm in length; light brown (6D5) to agate (7E8),
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F5672A7ED52D1FE74" box="[278,462,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">abhymenial hair</emphasis>
simple, 34 μm diameter, hyaline, smooth, and slightly wavy near the apex,
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F527AA7EC5679FE74" box="[1310,1382,447,472]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">spores</emphasis>
4.16 × 1.83 μm, hyaline, cylindrical, obliquely apiculate,
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F5586A7B1502BFE50" box="[738,820,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">basidia</emphasis>
1720 × 2.83.6 μm, claviform to narrow claviform.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F57D9A4555116FD8C" bold="true" box="[189,521,518,544]" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Ecology and distribution:—</emphasis>
It grows on decaying tree trunks and caespitose. This species is distributed in
<collectingCountry id="F30C760FFFBDE32F5205A45556B8FD8C" box="[1377,1447,518,544]" name="China" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">China</collectingCountry>
,
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,
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,
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,
<collectingCountry id="F30C760FFFBDE32F56E7A47952FFFDE8" box="[387,480,554,580]" name="Jamaica" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30C760FFFBDE32F568FA479515CFDE8" box="[491,579,554,580]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Mexico</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30C760FFFBDE32F552BA47851B4FDE9" box="[591,683,555,581]" name="Panama" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Panama</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30C760FFFBDE32F55D1A479503CFDE8" box="[693,803,554,580]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
(this study), and the
<collectingCountry id="F30C760FFFBDE32F536BA4795754FDE8" box="[1039,1099,554,580]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">USA</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8BA4369FFFBDE32F57D9A41D523DFD1C" blockId="8.[136,1451,302,688]" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F57D9A41D52D4FDC4" bold="true" box="[189,459,590,616]" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Material examined:—</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F30C760FFFBDE32F56AFA41D515DFDC4" box="[459,578,590,616]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49DFF87DFFBDE32F5536A41D506EFDC4" box="[594,881,590,616]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Sabaragamuwa" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Sabaragamuwa Province</collectingRegion>
: Rathnapura District, Balangoda,
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,
<date id="FFA5105FFFBDE32F5650A42052F7FD20" box="[308,488,626,653]" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" value="2022-08-07">
7
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August 2022
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, Naduni Dasanthi, GenBank accession number: OR139840, Specimen number: RH28 (USJ-H-016).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF646617FFBDE32F57ECA5A651BAFB9C" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" startId="8.[136,229,1013,1035]" targetBox="[344,1243,714,982]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BA4369FFFBDE32F57ECA5A651BAFB9C" blockId="8.[136,1451,1013,1072]" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F57ECA5A653E2FBA7" bold="true" box="[136,253,1013,1035]" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D1CFFBDE32F5666A5A552F4FBA7" authorityName="Fries" authorityYear="1851" box="[258,491,1014,1035]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Schizophyllaceae" genus="Schizophyllum" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="radiatum">
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F5666A5A552F4FBA7" box="[258,491,1014,1035]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Schizophyllum radiatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Herbarium code: USJ-H-016).
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F547BA5A5502EFBA7" bold="true" box="[799,817,1014,1035]" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">a.</emphasis>
Mature basidiomata
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F549EA5A5572AFBA7" box="[1018,1077,1014,1035]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">in situ</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F535BA5A5577BFBA7" bold="true" box="[1087,1124,1014,1035]" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">b,c.</emphasis>
Mature basidiomata
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F5248A5A55673FBA7" box="[1324,1388,1014,1035]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">ex-situ</emphasis>
. Scale bars: a, b, c = 1.5 cm. Photography by Naduni Dasanthi.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF646617FFBDE32F57ECA33851B2FA09" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" startId="8.[136,229,1387,1409]" targetBox="[358,1236,1106,1341]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BA4369FFFBDE32F57ECA33851B2FA09" blockId="8.[136,1452,1387,1445]" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F57ECA33853E2FA2C" bold="true" box="[136,253,1387,1409]" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D1CFFBDE32F5666A33852F3FA2C" authorityName="Fries" authorityYear="1851" box="[258,492,1387,1408]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Schizophyllaceae" genus="Schizophyllum" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="radiatum">
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F5666A33852F3FA2C" box="[258,492,1387,1408]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Schizophyllum radiatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Herbarium code: USJ-H-016).
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F5445A338502CFA2C" bold="true" box="[801,819,1387,1408]" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">a.</emphasis>
Basidiospore.
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F54A5A33850CAFA2C" bold="true" box="[961,981,1387,1408]" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">b.</emphasis>
Basidia.
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F5349A3385721FA2C" bold="true" box="[1069,1086,1387,1408]" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">c.</emphasis>
Smooth abhymenial hairs. Scale bars: a, b = 5 µm; c = 10 µm. Illustration by Aseni Ediriweera.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA4369FFFBDE32F57ECA3875157FA42" blockId="8.[136,584,1492,1518]" box="[136,584,1492,1518]" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">
Phylogenetic analyses of
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D1CFFBDE32F56C1A3875157FA42" authorityName="Verhoeff" authorityYear="1895" box="[421,584,1492,1518]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Schizophyllaceae" genus="Schizophyllum" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F56C1A3875157FA42" box="[421,584,1492,1518]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Schizophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA4369FFFBDE32F57ECA04F52AFF8D6" blockId="8.[136,1452,1564,2058]" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">
Eighteen sequences of
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D1CFFBDE32F56FEA04F5122F99A" authorityName="Verhoeff" authorityYear="1895" box="[410,573,1564,1590]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Schizophyllaceae" genus="Schizophyllum" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F56FEA04F5122F99A" box="[410,573,1564,1590]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Schizophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
retrieved from GenBank were used for the current phylogenetic analysis.
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D1CFFBDE32F57ECA0135298F9F6" box="[136,391,1600,1626]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Fistulinaceae" genus="Porodisculus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pendulus">
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F57ECA0135298F9F6" box="[136,391,1600,1626]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Porodisculus pendulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was used as the outgroup in phylogenetic analysis. According to the phylogenetic tree (
<figureCitation id="13202A1AFFBDE32F5204A0135387F9D2" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="9.[136,229,1170,1192]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,454,1143]" captionTargetId="figure-146@9.[151,1436,454,1154]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 9. A phylogenetic tree for ITS sequences was constructed using maximum likelihood (ML) analysis for the genus Schizophyllum. The newly generated strain is in red. ML bootstrap values are given at the nodes. Bootstrap support values equal to or higher than 70% are provided. The tree is rooted with Porodisculus pendulus." pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Figure 9</figureCitation>
), the ITS sequence acquired from the newly collected specimen RH28 (USJ-H-016) clustered with
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D1CFFBDE32F5241A03756B3F9D2" authorityName="Fries" authorityYear="1851" box="[1317,1452,1636,1662]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Schizophyllaceae" genus="Schizophyllum" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="radiatum">
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F5241A03756B3F9D2" box="[1317,1452,1636,1662]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">S. radiatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(AY571060;
<collectionCode id="ED0AAE5AFFBDE32F567BA0DB524BF90E" box="[287,340,1672,1698]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bxq2-d2kh" name="Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Fungal and Yeast Collection" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">CBS</collectionCode>
301.32) which is an
<typeStatus id="54A0883DFFBDE32F5532A0DB51B7F90E" box="[598,680,1672,1698]" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" type="epitype">epitype</typeStatus>
from
<collectingCountry id="F30C760FFFBDE32F5592A0DB5050F90E" box="[758,847,1672,1698]" name="Panama" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Panama</collectingCountry>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D1CFFBDE32F54EAA0DB5709F90E" authorityName="Fries" authorityYear="1851" box="[910,1046,1672,1698]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Schizophyllaceae" genus="Schizophyllum" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="radiatum">
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F54EAA0DB5709F90E" box="[910,1046,1672,1698]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">S. radiatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(KP050645; DO90 voucher) from
<collectingCountry id="F30C760FFFBDE32F57ECA0FF53D4F96A" box="[136,203,1708,1734]" name="China" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">China</collectingCountry>
in the clade C.
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D1CFFBDE32F56E7A0FF5188F96A" authorityName="Fries" authorityYear="1851" box="[387,663,1708,1734]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Schizophyllaceae" genus="Schizophyllum" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="radiatum">
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F56E7A0FF5188F96A" box="[387,663,1708,1734]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Schizophyllum radiatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(OR139840; USJ-H-016) is a sister taxon to the subclade containing
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D1CFFBDE32F57ECA083524DF946" box="[136,338,1744,1770]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Schizophyllaceae" genus="Schizophyllum" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F57ECA0835254F945" box="[136,331,1744,1770]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Schizophyllum sp</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED0AAE5AFFBDE32F5604A0835290F946" box="[352,399,1744,1770]" country="Russia" name="Kotel'nich Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">KM</collectionCode>
386070; HL5128S voucher) and
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D1CFFBDE32F559BA083509DF946" authorityName="Fries" authorityYear="1851" box="[767,898,1744,1770]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Schizophyllaceae" genus="Schizophyllum" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="radiatum">
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F559BA083509DF946" box="[767,898,1744,1770]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">S. radiatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(KP050645; DO90 voucher) from
<collectingCountry id="F30C760FFFBDE32F526EA0835652F946" box="[1290,1357,1744,1770]" name="China" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">China</collectingCountry>
in clade C. However, the bootstrap value was lower than 70%, indicating poor branch support. The results of the phylogenetic tree (
<figureCitation id="13202A1AFFBDE32F57A5A14B523DF89E" box="[193,290,1816,1842]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="9.[136,229,1170,1192]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,454,1143]" captionTargetId="figure-146@9.[151,1436,454,1154]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 9. A phylogenetic tree for ITS sequences was constructed using maximum likelihood (ML) analysis for the genus Schizophyllum. The newly generated strain is in red. ML bootstrap values are given at the nodes. Bootstrap support values equal to or higher than 70% are provided. The tree is rooted with Porodisculus pendulus." pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Figure 9</figureCitation>
) raise concerns about the low bootstrap support provided by ITS rDNA for molecular separation of the strains of
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D1CFFBDE32F579CA16F5284F8FA" authorityName="Verhoeff" authorityYear="1895" box="[248,411,1852,1878]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Schizophyllaceae" genus="Schizophyllum" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F579CA16F5284F8FA" box="[248,411,1852,1878]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Schizophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Additional DNA markers such as 18s rRNA and
<collectionCode id="ED0AAE5AFFBDE32F54B7A16F5719F8FA" box="[979,1030,1852,1878]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fye2-vfes" name="Saratov State University" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">SSU</collectionCode>
can be used to obtain a phylogenetic tree with better resolution.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA4369FFFBDE32E57D9A1D7564EFE18" blockId="8.[136,1452,1564,2058]" lastBlockId="9.[136,1452,158,436]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="201" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F57D9A1D75239F832" bold="true" box="[189,294,1924,1950]" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Notes:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D1CFFBDE32F5642A1D75129F832" authorityName="Fries" authorityYear="1851" box="[294,566,1924,1950]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Schizophyllaceae" genus="Schizophyllum" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="radiatum">
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F5642A1D75129F832" box="[294,566,1924,1950]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Schizophyllum radiatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is recorded for the first time in
<collectingCountry id="F30C760FFFBDE32F54F7A1D7571BF832" box="[915,1028,1924,1950]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
. Worldwide, it has been reported from
<collectingCountry id="F30C760FFFBDE32F57ECA1FB53FFF86E" box="[136,224,1960,1986]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Mexico</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30C760FFFBDE32F578EA1FB522FF86E" box="[234,304,1960,1986]" name="China" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30C760FFFBDE32F565DA1FB526AF86E" box="[313,373,1960,1986]" name="India" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">India</collectingCountry>
, the
<collectingCountry id="F30C760FFFBDE32F56C2A1FB5122F86E" box="[422,573,1960,1986]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">United States</collectingCountry>
, and tropical regions of the American continent such as
<collectingCountry id="F30C760FFFBDE32F53FAA1FB57C3F86E" box="[1182,1244,1960,1986]" name="Cuba" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Cuba</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30C760FFFBDE32F5381A1FB565DF86E" box="[1253,1346,1960,1986]" name="Jamaica" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30C760FFFBDE32F5228A1FB56B7F86E" box="[1356,1448,1960,1986]" name="Panama" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Panama</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="F30C760FFFBDE32F57DCA19F520AF84A" box="[184,277,1996,2022]" name="Ecuador" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B6EFFBDE32F5641A19F515AF84A" author="Carreno-Ruiz, S. D. &amp; Lazaro, A. A. A. &amp; Garcia, S. C. &amp; Hernandez, R. G. &amp; Chen, J. &amp; Navarro, G. K. G. &amp; Fajardo, L. V. G. &amp; Perez, N. D. C. J. &amp; Cruz, M. T. D. L. &amp; Blanco, J. C. &amp; Cappello, R. E." box="[293,581,1996,2022]" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" pagination="137 - 148" refId="ref9462" refString="Carreno-Ruiz, S. D., Lazaro, A. A. A., Garcia, S. C., Hernandez, R. G., Chen, J., Navarro, G. K. G., Fajardo, L. V. G., Perez, N. D. C. J., Cruz, M. T. D. L., Blanco, J. C. &amp; Cappello, R. E. (2019) New record of Schizophyllum (Schizophyllaceae) from Mexico and the confirmation of its edibility in the humid tropics. Phytotaxa 413 (2): 137 - 148. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 413.2.3" type="journal article" year="2019">
Carreño-Ruiz
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F56A3A19F511FF84A" box="[455,512,1996,2022]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D1CFFBDE32F553CA19F5070F849" box="[600,879,1996,2022]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Schizophyllaceae" genus="Schizophyllum" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="commune">
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F553CA19F5070F849" box="[600,879,1996,2022]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">Schizophyllum commune</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D1CFFBDE32F54C3A19F5734F84A" authorityName="Fries" authorityYear="1851" box="[935,1067,1996,2022]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Schizophyllaceae" genus="Schizophyllum" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="8" pageNumber="200" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="radiatum">
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBDE32F54C3A19F5734F84A" box="[935,1067,1996,2022]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="200">S. radiatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have historically been considered conspecific due to their morphological resemblance and ITS rDNA genetic similarity. However, comprehensive multigenetic analyses substantiated that while both species share similarities and are closely related, they are distinct and independent taxa (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B6EFFBCE32E56E6A691517EFF70" author="Siqueira, J. P. Z. &amp; Sutton, D. &amp; Gene, J. &amp; Garcia, D. &amp; Guevara-Suarez, M. &amp; Decock, C. &amp; Wiederhold, N. &amp; Guarro, J." box="[386,609,194,220]" pageId="9" pageNumber="201" pagination="2491 - 2497" refId="ref12947" refString="Siqueira, J. P. Z., Sutton, D., Gene, J., Garcia, D., Guevara-Suarez, M., Decock, C., Wiederhold, N. &amp; Guarro, J. (2016) Schizophyllum radiatum, an emerging fungus from human respiratory tract. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 54 (10): 2491 - 2497. https: // doi. org / 10.1128 / JCM. 01170 - 16" type="journal article" year="2016">
Siqueira
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBCE32E5683A6905101FF70" box="[487,542,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="201">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D1CFFBCE32E5516A691509CFF70" authorityName="Fries" authorityYear="1851" box="[626,899,194,220]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Schizophyllaceae" genus="Schizophyllum" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="9" pageNumber="201" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="radiatum">
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBCE32E5516A691509CFF70" box="[626,899,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="201">Schizophyllum radiatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a commercialized edible mushroom in
<collectingRegion id="49DFF87DFFBCE32E5234A69156B4FF70" box="[1360,1451,194,220]" country="Mexico" name="Tabasco" pageId="9" pageNumber="201">Tabasco</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingCountry id="F30C760FFFBCE32E57DEA6B5520FFEAC" box="[186,272,230,256]" name="Mexico" pageId="9" pageNumber="201">Mexico</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B6EFFBCE32E5644A6B5515BFEAC" author="Carreno-Ruiz, S. D. &amp; Lazaro, A. A. A. &amp; Garcia, S. C. &amp; Hernandez, R. G. &amp; Chen, J. &amp; Navarro, G. K. G. &amp; Fajardo, L. V. G. &amp; Perez, N. D. C. J. &amp; Cruz, M. T. D. L. &amp; Blanco, J. C. &amp; Cappello, R. E." box="[288,580,230,256]" pageId="9" pageNumber="201" pagination="137 - 148" refId="ref9462" refString="Carreno-Ruiz, S. D., Lazaro, A. A. A., Garcia, S. C., Hernandez, R. G., Chen, J., Navarro, G. K. G., Fajardo, L. V. G., Perez, N. D. C. J., Cruz, M. T. D. L., Blanco, J. C. &amp; Cappello, R. E. (2019) New record of Schizophyllum (Schizophyllaceae) from Mexico and the confirmation of its edibility in the humid tropics. Phytotaxa 413 (2): 137 - 148. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 413.2.3" type="journal article" year="2019">
Carreño-Ruiz
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBCE32E56A7A6B452E1FEAC" box="[451,510,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="201">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D1CFFBCE32E553CA6B55049FEAC" box="[600,854,230,256]" pageId="9" pageNumber="201">
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBCE32E553CA6B551E4FEAC" box="[600,763,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="201">Schizophyllum</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
have been recognized as medicinal mushrooms due to their medicinal metabolites, such as fungal polysaccharides. According to research findings,
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D1CFFBCE32E53DAA758565DFE88" authorityName="Fries" authorityYear="1851" box="[1214,1346,266,293]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Schizophyllaceae" genus="Schizophyllum" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="9" pageNumber="201" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="radiatum">
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBCE32E53DAA758565DFE88" box="[1214,1346,266,293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="201">S. radiatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been identified as a natural source of bioactive polysaccharides exhibiting anti-tumor and immunostimulant properties (LopezLegarda
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBCE32E578FA700523BFEC0" box="[235,292,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="201">et al.</emphasis>
2021). Furthermore, investigations into
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D1CFFBCE32E558FA7005071FEC0" authorityName="Fries" authorityYear="1851" box="[747,878,338,365]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Schizophyllaceae" genus="Schizophyllum" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="9" pageNumber="201" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="radiatum">
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBCE32E558FA7005071FEC0" box="[747,878,338,365]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="201">S. radiatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
revealed the potential of extracellular biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles, along with demonstrated antimicrobial activity and antioxidative properties (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B6EFFBCE32E5269A72553DAFE18" author="Metuku, R. P. &amp; Pabba, S. &amp; Burra, S. &amp; Hima Bindu, A. V. S. S. S. L. &amp; Gudikandula, K. &amp; Charya, M. A. S." pageId="9" pageNumber="201" pagination="227 - 234" refId="ref11716" refString="Metuku, R. P., Pabba, S., Burra, S., Hima Bindu, A. V. S. S. S. L., Gudikandula, K. &amp; Charya, M. A. S. (2014) Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from Schizophyllum radiatum HE 863742.1: their characterization and antimicrobial activity. 3 Biotech 4: 227 - 234. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13205 - 013 - 0138 - 0" type="journal article" year="2014">
Metuku
<emphasis id="B96FEA8DFFBCE32E5214A72456B3FE3C" box="[1392,1452,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="201">et al.</emphasis>
2014
</bibRefCitation>
). Consequently, biotechnological interest is there in exploring this species and its potential applications.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>