174 lines
20 KiB
XML
174 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="23A5B534A71892877BB3B5F113421610" ID-CLB-Dataset="31639" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4342.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="15799d2a-1968-4874-8100-452597d4e26b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1041066" ID-ZooBank="2ACD54D2-3487-432D-9323-EEC131FE2E64" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1509694849742" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Perkins, Philip D." docDate="2017" docId="038587BBE3B8FF53FF75F9A4BBE0FDDA" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4342.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4342 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Madagaster steineri Perkins" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="195" masterDocId="FFBCFFC3E307FF91FFE2FFA5B93CFF85" masterDocTitle="Hydraenidae of Madagascar (Insecta: Coleoptera)" masterLastPageNumber="264" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="192" updateTime="1698480684898" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="2A18255F662696AE2EC81EAE82ED4679">
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<mods:title id="CB62FA22D8497DDD79D18C380DB3F179">Hydraenidae of Madagascar (Insecta: Coleoptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9EEF7FDD9F0F3448B0EC9D2D9318B002">Perkins, Philip D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="A5396E6027BF3CB862A92B627ABCFAE0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="F6134374313284F6097D8660097950F9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="6098AF6F127F417422AF525083FD69E4">
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<mods:date id="3FA96BAC0B81A63F43F899C79E2A2619">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="80DF55D326C2851F743B0AA5356D88B5">2017-11-03</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="495FC3E8A3B5199B25FE2E1BDFB21546">4342</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="B3A348CD59BC5AA0937E040AE74D8AAE" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4342.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A878F2F6707CCDF13C6F63BABCB253B4" type="GBIF-Dataset">15799d2a-1968-4874-8100-452597d4e26b</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038587BBE3B8FF53FF75F9A4BBE0FDDA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5323742" ID-GBIF-Taxon="137233382" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5323742" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038587BBE3B8FF53FF75F9A4BBE0FDDA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038587BBE3B8FF53FF75F9A4BBE0FDDA" lastPageId="194" lastPageNumber="195" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">
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<subSubSection id="C3366526E3B8FF2EFF75F9A4BDDFF9B9" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9336ADE3B8FF2EFF75F9A4B8D2F99E" blockId="191.[151,1251,1537,1597]" box="[151,494,1537,1563]" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">
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<heading id="D0DB81C1E3B8FF2EFF75F9A4B8D2F99E" bold="true" box="[151,494,1537,1563]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D2EE3B8FF2EFF75F9A4B8D2F99E" authority="Perkins" authorityName="Perkins" box="[151,494,1537,1563]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Madagaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="steineri">
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE3B8FF2EFF75F9A4B8D2F99E" bold="true" box="[151,494,1537,1563]" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE3B8FF2EFF75F9A4B8BAF99E" bold="true" box="[151,390,1537,1563]" italics="true" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">Madagaster steineri</emphasis>
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Perkins
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9336ADE3B8FF2EFF75F981BDDFF9B9" blockId="191.[151,1251,1537,1597]" box="[151,1251,1572,1597]" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">
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<figureCitation id="13172A28E3B8FF2EFF75F981B9C3F9B9" box="[151,255,1572,1597]" captionStart="FIGURE 184" captionStartId="192.[151,250,1367,1389]" captionText="FIGURE 184. Madagaster steineri, holotype, habitus dorsal, lateral, and ventral." pageId="191" pageNumber="192">Figs. 184</figureCitation>
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(habitus), 186 (aedeagus), 215 (antenna, maxillary palpi), 221 (spermatheca), 300 (map)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3366526E3B8FF2EFF75F9C9BB6FF901" box="[151,595,1644,1669]" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9336ADE3B8FF2EFF75F9C9BB6FF901" blockId="191.[151,595,1644,1669]" box="[151,595,1644,1669]" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3C1183E3B8FF2EFF75F9C9BB6FF901" box="[151,595,1644,1669]" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D2EE3B8FF2EFF75F9C9BB73F901" authority="Perkins 1997: 180" authorityName="Perkins" authorityPageNumber="180" authorityYear="1997" box="[151,591,1644,1669]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Madagaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="steineri">
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE3B8FF2EFF75F9C9B845F901" box="[151,377,1644,1669]" italics="true" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">Madagaster steineri</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8D10BCE3B8FF2EFE62F9C9BB73F901" author="Perkins" box="[384,591,1644,1669]" page="180" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" year="1997">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD4B5CE3B8FF2EFE62F9C9BB2BF901" author="Perkins" box="[384,535,1644,1669]" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" refString="Perkins, P. D. (1997) Life on the effective bubble: exocrine secretion delivery systems (ESDS) and the evolution and classification of beetles in the family Hydraenidae (Insecta: Coleoptera). Annals of Carnegie Museum, 66 (2), 89 - 207." type="journal article" year="1997">Perkins 1997</bibRefCitation>
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: 180
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3366526E3B8FF2EFF75F911B8D1F891" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9336ADE3B8FF2EFF75F911B8D1F891" blockId="191.[151,1437,1716,1993]" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE3B8FF2EFF75F911B887F948" bold="true" box="[151,443,1716,1741]" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">
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<typeStatus id="5497880FE3B8FF2EFF75F911B9EEF948" box="[151,210,1716,1741]" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">Type</typeStatus>
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Material.
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<typeStatus id="5497880FE3B8FF2EFEACF911B887F948" box="[334,443,1716,1741]" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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(male):
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<collectingRegion id="49E8F84FE3B8FF2EFDF8F911BBFCF948" box="[538,704,1716,1741]" country="Madagascar" name="Antananarivo" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE3B8FF2EFDF8F911BBFCF948" bold="true" box="[538,704,1716,1741]" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">Antananarivo</emphasis>
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</collectingRegion>
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, Manakambahiny, in seepage over exposed granite cliff face,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE18506AE3B8FF2EFA97F911B9EFF975" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" precision="925" value="-18.916666">18° 55' S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE18506AE3B8FF2EFF00F97DB86EF975" box="[226,338,1752,1776]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" precision="925" value="47.533333">47° 32' E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<date id="FF92106DE3B8FF2EFE82F97DB8EFF975" box="[352,467,1752,1777]" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" value="1990-01-12">12 i 1990</date>
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, W. E. Steiner (
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<collectionCode id="ED3DAE68E3B8FF2EFD6EF97DBBDFF975" box="[652,739,1752,1776]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">USNM</collectionCode>
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).
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE3B8FF2EFD1AF97DBA46F974" bold="true" box="[760,890,1752,1777]" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">
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<typeStatus id="5497880FE3B8FF2EFD1AF97DBA48F974" box="[760,884,1752,1777]" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Same data as
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<typeStatus id="5497880FE3B8FF2EFBC7F97DBDBBF974" box="[1061,1159,1752,1777]" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(5
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<collectionCode id="ED3DAE68E3B8FF2EFB50F97DBC34F975" box="[1202,1288,1752,1776]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">USNM</collectionCode>
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); Same data, except
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<date id="FF92106DE3B8FF2EFF05F959B868F891" box="[231,340,1788,1813]" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" value="1990-01-15">15 i 1990</date>
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, (10
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<collectionCode id="ED3DAE68E3B8FF2EFE69F959B8DDF891" box="[395,481,1788,1812]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">USNM</collectionCode>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3366526E3B8FF2EFF25F885BA02F84D" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B9336ADE3B8FF2EFF25F885BA02F84D" blockId="191.[151,1437,1716,1993]" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE3B8FF2EFF25F885B8EAF8BC" bold="true" box="[199,470,1824,1849]" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">Differential Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Somewhat similar in habitus to
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D2EE3B8FF2EFCB8F884BD12F8BC" authorityName="Perkins" authorityYear="2017" box="[858,1070,1824,1849]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Madagaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadricurvipes">
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE3B8FF2EFCB8F884BD12F8BC" box="[858,1070,1824,1849]" italics="true" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">M. quadricurvipes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; differing therefrom (males) in smaller body size (ca. 2.99 vs.
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<quantity id="4CD49B48E3B8FF2EFE14F8E1BB63F8D9" box="[502,607,1860,1884]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.38" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="3.38">3.38 mm</quantity>
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), having the interrupted areas of the elytral costae smaller, and the costae longer. Males differing also in having markedly enlarged maxillary palpi, and differently shaped tibiae (
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<figureCitation id="13172A28E3B8FF2EFAC9F8CDBCABF805" box="[1323,1431,1896,1921]" captionStart="FIGURE 184" captionStartId="192.[151,250,1367,1389]" captionText="FIGURE 184. Madagaster steineri, holotype, habitus dorsal, lateral, and ventral." pageId="191" pageNumber="192">Figs. 184</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13172A28E3B8FF2EFF75F829B9F9F821" box="[151,197,1932,1956]" captionStart="FIGURE 188" captionStartId="196.[151,250,1984,2006]" captionText="FIGURE 188. Madagaster quadricurvipes, holotype, habitus dorsal, lateral, and ventral." pageId="191" pageNumber="192">188</figureCitation>
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). The very complex aedeagi of the two species differ markedly in shapes of the parameres and main piece (
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<figureCitation id="13172A28E3B8FF2EFF7DF815B836F84C" box="[159,266,1968,1993]" captionStart="FIGURES 185 – 186" captionStartId="193.[151,264,1869,1892]" captionText="FIGURES 185 – 186. Madagaster, aedeagi of holotypes." pageId="191" pageNumber="192">Figs. 186</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13172A28E3B8FF2EFEF4F815B878F84D" box="[278,324,1968,1992]" captionStart="FIGURES 189 – 190" captionStartId="197.[151,264,1704,1727]" captionText="FIGURES 189 – 190. Madagaster, aedeagi of holotypes." pageId="191" pageNumber="192">190</figureCitation>
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). Refer also to the diagnosis of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D2EE3B8FF2EFD44F814BA0BF84D" authorityName="Perkins" authorityYear="2017" box="[678,823,1969,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Madagaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cataracta">
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE3B8FF2EFD44F814BA0BF84D" box="[678,823,1969,1992]" italics="true" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">M. cataracta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF536625E3C7FF51FF75FAF2BAF3FAE8" box="[151,975,1367,1389]" pageId="192" pageNumber="193">
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<paragraph id="8B9336ADE3C7FF51FF75FAF2BAF3FAE8" blockId="192.[151,975,1367,1389]" box="[151,975,1367,1389]" pageId="192" pageNumber="193">
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE3C7FF51FF75FAF2B810FAE9" bold="true" box="[151,300,1367,1389]" pageId="192" pageNumber="193">FIGURE 184.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D2EE3C7FF51FED0FAF2B8C3FAE8" box="[306,511,1367,1389]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Madagaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="192" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="steineri">
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE3C7FF51FED0FAF2B8C3FAE8" box="[306,511,1367,1389]" italics="true" pageId="192" pageNumber="193">Madagaster steineri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, holotype, habitus dorsal, lateral, and ventral.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C3366526E3C7FF53FF25FA31BBE0FDDA" lastPageId="194" lastPageNumber="195" pageId="192" pageNumber="193" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8B9336ADE3C7FF51FF25FA31BB07FA54" blockId="192.[151,1437,1428,2029]" pageId="192" pageNumber="193">
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||
<emphasis id="B958EABFE3C7FF51FF25FA31B865FA28" bold="true" box="[199,345,1428,1453]" pageId="192" pageNumber="193">Description.</emphasis>
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Size (
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<typeStatus id="5497880FE3C7FF51FE44FA31BB30FA28" box="[422,524,1428,1453]" pageId="192" pageNumber="193" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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, mm, length/width): body (length to elytral apices) 2.99/1.40, head 0.51/0.84, pronotum 0.66/1.19, elytra 2.00/1.40.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9336ADE3C7FF51FF25FA79BB7CF99C" blockId="192.[151,1437,1428,2029]" pageId="192" pageNumber="193">Maxillary palpi shorter than antenna, about as long as non-club antennomeres together. Antenna with last antennomere longer than penultimate.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9336ADE3C7FF51FF25F981B8ACF948" blockId="192.[151,1437,1428,2029]" pageId="192" pageNumber="193">Labrum bilobed, pubescent, with longer setae along anterior margin. Labrum originating at anterior (nonoverhanging) margin of clypeus. Labroclypeal suture very deep, at midline with short longitudinal sulcus that nearly connects with similar sulcus at posterior of head. Short, deep sulcus in front of each ocellus. Clypeus and frons dull, with dual punctation consisting of very dense micropunctulate ground sculpture and less dense, large punctures, setae short.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9336ADE3C7FF51FF25F97CBC2BF891" blockId="192.[151,1437,1428,2029]" pageId="192" pageNumber="193">Pronotum with two narrowly separated midlongitudinal foveae, anterior twice as long as posterior; each side with two admedian and two sublateral foveae; lateral margin rounded. Pronotal disc rugosely punctate.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9336ADE3C7FF51FF25F885BC02F804" blockId="192.[151,1437,1428,2029]" pageId="192" pageNumber="193">Elytral suture costate in posterior. First two elytral "interval" costae (from suture) usually interrupted in two places (sometimes only once), third costa interrupted once, fourth costa not interrupted. Areas between carinae with either three or four rows of punctures, each puncture with minute granule and seta at anterior margin.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9336ADE3C7FF51FF25F828BD0FF868" blockId="192.[151,1437,1428,2029]" pageId="192" pageNumber="193">Mentum and postmentum punctate, microreticulate, and pubescent; Genae microreticulate, dull, deeply concave behind cardo, medial margin of concavity sharply carinate, posterior margin abrupt but not carinate. Subocular groove for antenna deep and wide. Posterior margin of eye not carinate.</paragraph>
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||
<caption id="DF536625E3C6FF50FF75F8E8BBEEF8E1" box="[151,722,1869,1892]" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">
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||
<paragraph id="8B9336ADE3C6FF50FF75F8E8BBEEF8E1" blockId="193.[151,722,1869,1892]" box="[151,722,1869,1892]" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE3C6FF50FF75F8E8B851F8E6" bold="true" box="[151,365,1869,1892]" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">FIGURES 185–186.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B958EABFE3C6FF50FE91F8EBB8D0F8E1" box="[371,492,1870,1892]" italics="true" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">Madagaster</emphasis>
|
||
, aedeagi of holotypes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9336ADE3C5FF53FF25FF32BCBDFF7D" blockId="194.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">
|
||
Mesoventrite without tubercle on intercoxal process. Metaventrite densely micropunctulate and with very short and very dense vestiture, except vestiture much sparser in deep and wide midlongitudinal depression (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13172A28E3C5FF53FAC9FF19BCACFF51" box="[1323,1424,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 184" captionStartId="192.[151,250,1367,1389]" captionText="FIGURE 184. Madagaster steineri, holotype, habitus dorsal, lateral, and ventral." pageId="194" pageNumber="195">Fig. 184</figureCitation>
|
||
). First two abdominal ventrites with hydrofuge pubescence, setae much sparser, non-hydrofuge, on other ventrites
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9336ADE3C5FF53FF25FEA1BDA2FE70" blockId="194.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">Strongly sexually dimorphic: in males, maxillary palpomeres three and four very broad, flattened, and microreticulate on ventral surface; abdominal ventrites two to four modified in midline, with midlongitudinal shallow groove, third with two large tubercles at margin of groove; fifth ventrite with large posteromedian triangular process; sixth retractable (over median portion) within fifth, seventh large and completely exposed. Profemur basally on lower margin produced in large pointed process. Protibia markedly widened and with lower surface slightly concave. Mesotibia apically slightly widened and densely setose. Metafemur markedly arcuate in basal 1/3. Metatibia inner margin at about distal ¼ with row of tubercles, last in row largest.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9336ADE3C5FF53FF25FE5ABB03FDB8" blockId="194.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">Abdominal ventrites five and six enlarged in both sexes, in male combined lengths of two to four equal onehalf combined lengths of five and six.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9336ADE3C5FF53FF25FDE2BBE0FDDA" blockId="194.[151,1437,151,608]" box="[199,732,583,608]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">
|
||
Females smaller than males, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD49B48E3C5FF53FDD0FDE2BBE4FDDA" box="[562,728,583,608]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" unit="mm" value="2.6" valueMax="2.7" valueMin="2.5">2.50–2.70 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |