419 lines
47 KiB
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419 lines
47 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="4B6016A13F865F0C71A63B51ADE5417C">Widespread polytypic species or complexes of local species? Revising bumblebees of the subgenus Melanobombus world-wide (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="5E88656C332D1FFEA354314E27CA0E7E">Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK. Institute of General and Experimental Biology, Peace Avenue 54 b, Ulaanbaatar 13330, Mongolia. Novosibirsk State University, ul. Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia. Langstraat 105, B- 2260 Westerlo, Belgium. South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China. Agricultural University of Georgia, 240 Agmashenebli Alley, Tbilisi, Georgia. Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Jakarta, Indonesia. Kunming Institute of Botany (Chinese Academy of Sciences), 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China. Università di Roma ‘ Sapienza’, Piazzale Valerio Massimo 6, Roma 00162, Italy. Yasouj University, Zirtol, Yasouj, Iran. Sherubtse College, Royal University of Bhutan, Trashigang, Bhutan. Zoological Survey of India, Pali Road, Jodhpur 342005, Rajasthan, India. Institute of Zoology (Chinese Academy of Sciences), 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang, Beijing 100101, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F08A13AE9D38D8CDA807B3BE948D1373">Zhao, Yanhui</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="8D7E697EB3C640B4BFCBE497FAA84D15">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="D3446C57572130D913D6FA9BBF738A4F">
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<mods:date id="F96E635DEA45A35C1122B2CAD856CF92">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="252087CA1F799505FDB1FC96DE90FC79" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4335582" ID-GBIF-Taxon="168220855" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4335582" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:252087CA1F799505FDB1FC96DE90FC79" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/252087CA1F799505FDB1FC96DE90FC79" lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<taxonomicName id="6A894D5F1F799502FDB1FC96DF87FCB9" ID-CoL="MFTJ" authority="(Tkalcu, 1968)" baseAuthorityName="Tkalcu" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[566,1021,823,850]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="richardsiellus">
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<emphasis id="9FFDEACE1F799502FDB1FC96DF3DFCB9" bold="true" box="[566,839,823,850]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Bombus richardsiellus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="C9184B2D1F799502FCD0FC96DF8FFCB9" author="Tkalcu B." box="[855,1013,823,850]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="21 - 51" refId="ref71524" refString="Tkalcu B. 1968. Neue Arten der Unterfamilie Bombinae der palaarktischen Region (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Sbornik Entomologickeho oddeleni Narodniho musea v Praze 65: 21 - 51." type="journal article" year="1968">Tkalců, 1968</bibRefCitation>
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)
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<paragraph id="AD3636DC1F799502FD00FCFADFD6FC9E" blockId="59.[566,1021,823,885]" box="[647,940,858,885]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<figureCitation id="35B22A591F799502FD00FCFADE9AFC9E" box="[647,736,859,885]" captionStart="Figs 12‒13" captionStartId="24.[189,241,1850,1876]" captionTargetBox="[205,1380,558,1787]" captionTargetId="figure-106@24.[189,1398,558,1810]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figs 12‒13. Maps of sequenced samples. 12. The rufipes-group and festivus-group. 13. The rufofasciatus- group as recognised as species from the UHF-PTP analysis in Fig. 10. Keys to the coloured symbols are shown on the left (in some cases symbols on the map for one species may overlie symbols for another). Maps projected onto a sphere in ArcGIS using World_Shaded_Relief basemap © 2014 ESRI and showing boundaries between countries as recognised by the UN." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4064336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4064336/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Figs 13</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="35B22A591F799502FD6AFCFADF40FC9E" box="[749,826,859,885]" captionStart="Figs 64–102" captionStartId="40.[189,240,1538,1564]" captionTargetBox="[338,1252,268,1493]" captionTargetId="figure-11@40.[335,1253,265,1505]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figs 64–102. Simplified diagrams for the colour patterns of the hair on the dorsum for the species from the integrative analysis. The dorsum is divided into regions, each of which shows only the predominant or most apparent colour for that region using a simplified colour palette, with olive indicating a mixture of black and yellow hair, and grey indicating a mixture of black and white hair. The rufofasciatus-group. 64. Queen, China-Yunnan. 65. Queen, China-Sichuan. 66. Worker, China-Xizang. 67. Worker, China- Xizang. 68. Worker, China-Gansu. 69. Male, China-Yunnan. 70. Male, China-Xizang. 71. Queen, India- Kashmir. 72. Queen, India-Kashmir. 73. Queen, Pakistan. 74. Worker, India-Kashmir. 75. Worker, India- Kashmir. 76. Male, Pakistan. 77. Male, India-Kashmir. 78. Queen, Burma. 79. Worker, Burma. 80. Worker, China-Xizang. 81. Worker, China-Xizang. 82. Male, Burma. 83. Queen, China-Sichuan. 84. Worker, China-Sichuan. 85. Worker, China-Sichuan. 86. Worker, China-Sichuan. 87. Worker, China-Sichuan. 88. Worker, China-Xizang. 89. Male, China-Sichuan. 90. Male, China-Sichuan. 91. Queen, China-Beijing. 92. Queen, China-Beijing. 93. Worker, China-Shanxi. 94. Worker, China-Beijing. 95. Worker, China- Beijing. 96. Male, China-Beijing. 97. Male, China-Beijing. 98. Queen, China-Taiwan. 99. Worker, China- Taiwan. 100. Worker, China-Taiwan. 101. Worker, China-Taiwan. 102. Male, China-Taiwan." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4064354" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4064354/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">78–82</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="35B22A591F799502FCC2FCFADF0EFC9E" box="[837,884,859,885]" captionStart="Figs 181‒189" captionStartId="43.[189,241,1746,1772]" captionTargetBox="[244,1328,297,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-11@43.[209,1378,265,1712]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figs 181‒189. Morphology of the male genitalia for species of the subgenus Melanobombus von Dalla Torre, 1880 from the dorsal aspect, anterior at the bottom of the image, posterior at the top. 181. Bombus eximius Smith, 1852, China-Guangxi. 182. B. rufipes Lepeletier, 1835, Indonesia- Java. 183. B. festivus Smith, 1861, Nepal. 184. B. simillimus Smith, 1852, India-Himachal Pradesh. 185. B. miniatus Bingham, 1897, Bhutan. 186. B. eurythorax Wang, 1982 stat. rev., India-Kashmir. 187. B. prshewalskyi Morawitz, 1880 stat. rev., China-Sichuan. 188. B. rufofasciatus Smith, 1852, India- Kashmir. 189. B. richardsiellus (Tkalců, 1968), Burma (left volsella distal part missing). Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4064360" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4064360/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">189</figureCitation>
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,
|
||
<figureCitation id="35B22A591F799502FC07FCFBDFD6FC9E" box="[896,940,858,885]" captionStart="Figs 205–206" captionStartId="61.[189,241,1884,1910]" captionTargetBox="[236,1348,269,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-11@61.[236,1348,265,1842]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="Figs 205–206. Maps of all available global records with all of the specimens examined and confirmed here. 205. Bombus richardsiellus (Tkalců, 1968). 206. B. tanguticus Morawitz, 1887. Relief map with hill shading for the region centred on Tibet with (grey lines) borders to national administration as in UN maps. Image created in ArcGIS using World_Shaded_Relief basemap © 2014 Esri." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4064366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4064366/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">205</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E59365571F799502FF3AFC3DD933FBF7" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="AD3636DC1F799502FF3AFC3DDEB5FC5D" blockId="59.[189,719,924,951]" box="[189,719,924,951]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="8D9911F21F799502FF3AFC3DDEB5FC5D" box="[189,719,924,951]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="2C2810CD1F799502FF3AFC3DDEB1FC5D" author="Tkalcu B." box="[189,715,924,951]" page="42" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1968">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6A894D5F1F799502FF3AFC3DDEB1FC5D" ID-CoL="6X2FT" authority="Tkalcu, 1968: 42" authorityName="Tkalcu" authorityPageNumber="42" authorityYear="1968" box="[189,715,924,951]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Pyrobombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="richardsiellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9FFDEACE1F799502FF3AFC3DDD83FC5D" box="[189,505,924,950]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Pyrobombus richardsiellus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C9184B2D1F799502FD87FC3DDEB1FC5D" author="Tkalcu B." box="[512,715,924,951]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="21 - 51" refId="ref71524" refString="Tkalcu B. 1968. Neue Arten der Unterfamilie Bombinae der palaarktischen Region (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Sbornik Entomologickeho oddeleni Narodniho musea v Praze 65: 21 - 51." type="journal article" year="1968">Tkalců, 1968: 42</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AD3636DC1F799502FF3AFC7FD933FBF7" blockId="59.[189,1399,989,1052]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
Our PTP analysis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="35B22A591F799502FE1EFC7CDD94FC13" box="[409,494,989,1016]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="21.[189,232,1953,1979]" captionTargetBox="[233,1316,282,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-12@21.[233,1355,265,1914]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Fig. 10. October 2019 (Fig. 8) Bayesian PTP analysis of MrBayes tree of unique COI barcodes (UHF- PTP). Symbols as in Fig. 9." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4064332" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4064332/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
) of coalescents in the COI gene within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6A894D5F1F799502FC6DFC7FD8F9FC13" ID-CoL="5WNQW" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1852" box="[1002,1155,990,1016]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufofasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9FFDEACE1F799502FC6DFC7FD8F9FC13" box="[1002,1155,990,1016]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">rufofasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-group supports nine species including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6A894D5F1F799502FE08FBA0DE28FBF0" ID-CoL="6X2FT" authorityName="Tkalcu" authorityYear="1968" box="[399,594,1025,1051]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Pyrobombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="richardsiellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9FFDEACE1F799502FE08FBA0DE28FBF0" box="[399,594,1025,1051]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">B. richardsiellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, corroborated by differences in morphology (see the Diagnosis).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E59365571F799502FF3AFB9BD8B6FAEF" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="AD3636DC1F799502FF3AFB9BD8B6FAEF" blockId="59.[189,1399,1082,1285]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Females show size-dependent dimorphism in the colour pattern of the hair: large queens have metasomal T1–3 black, T4 anteriorly black and posteriorly white, and T5 white; whereas large workers (which are smaller) have T1 with some yellow hair, T2 anteriorly with at least a few yellow hairs, T4 orange-red, and T5 anteriorly orange-red, T5 posteriorly and T6 (in part) white; and small workers have white hairs intermixed on the face and on the side of the thorax, T1–2 predominantly yellow, and T5 almost entirely orange. Males have the thoracic bands and T1–2 yellow, T3 black, and T4–5 orange-red.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E59365571F799502FF3AFA85DD2BFA86" box="[189,337,1316,1389]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="AD3636DC1F799502FF3AFA85DD4CFAD5" blockId="59.[189,310,1316,1342]" box="[189,310,1316,1342]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<heading id="F67E81B01F799502FF3AFA85DD4CFAD5" bold="true" box="[189,310,1316,1342]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="9FFDEACE1F799502FF3AFA85DD4CFAD5" bold="true" box="[189,310,1316,1342]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AD3636DC1F799502FF6DFAF2DD2BFA86" blockId="59.[189,1399,1363,1495]" box="[234,337,1363,1389]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="9FFDEACE1F799502FF6DFAF2DD2BFA86" bold="true" box="[234,337,1363,1389]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Females</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E59365571F799502FF3AFAD7DEF8F8D9" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="AD3636DC1F799502FF3AFAD7D90CFA3C" blockId="59.[189,1399,1363,1495]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
Queens medium-sized body length
|
||
<quantity id="6A719B391F799502FDD5FAD7DEABFA7A" box="[594,721,1398,1425]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="20.5" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="20.0">20–21 mm</quantity>
|
||
, workers
|
||
<quantity id="6A719B391F799502FCBAFAD7DFC6FA7A" box="[829,956,1398,1425]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10–15 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Can be distinguished in the Hengduan region by their combination of the hair of the thoracic dorsum with white bands, T1 black or yellow, and T5 posteriorly white (cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6A894D5F1F799502FD94FA1CDEB7FA3C" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1852" box="[531,717,1469,1495]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufofasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9FFDEACE1F799502FD94FA1CDEB7FA3C" box="[531,717,1469,1495]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">B. rufofasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6A894D5F1F799502FD5BFA1CDFEFFA3D" authorityName="Morawitz" authorityYear="1880" box="[732,917,1468,1494]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prshewalskyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="9FFDEACE1F799502FD5BFA1CDFEFFA3D" box="[732,917,1468,1494]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">B. prshewalskyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6A894D5F1F799502FC23FA1CD853FA3D" authorityName="Bingham" authorityYear="1897" box="[932,1065,1469,1494]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miniatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9FFDEACE1F799502FC23FA1CD853FA3D" box="[932,1065,1469,1494]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">B. miniatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6A894D5F1F799502FBBFFA1CD8BEFA3C" authorityName="Skorikov" authorityYear="1933" box="[1080,1220,1469,1495]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="friseanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9FFDEACE1F799502FBBFFA1CD8BEFA3C" box="[1080,1220,1469,1495]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">B. friseanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6A894D5F1F799502FB55FA1CD91CFA3D" authorityName="Morawitz" authorityYear="1890" box="[1234,1382,1469,1494]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrosoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="9FFDEACE1F799502FB55FA1CD91CFA3D" box="[1234,1382,1469,1494]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">B. pyrosoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AD3636DC1F799502FF6DFA5FDD4FF9F3" blockId="59.[189,1399,1534,1842]" box="[234,309,1534,1560]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="9FFDEACE1F799502FF6DFA5FDD4FF9F3" bold="true" box="[234,309,1534,1560]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Males</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AD3636DC1F799502FF3AF980DEF8F8D9" blockId="59.[189,1399,1534,1842]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
Body length
|
||
<quantity id="6A719B391F799502FEDFF980DDD5F9D7" box="[344,431,1569,1596]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Can be distinguished by their combination of the thorax with yellow bands with the hair of T3 almost entirely black and without a yellow posterior fringe (cf. other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6A894D5F1F799502FB08F9E5D952F9B5" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1852" box="[1167,1320,1604,1630]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufofasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9FFDEACE1F799502FB08F9E5D952F9B5" box="[1167,1320,1604,1630]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">rufofasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-group species). Genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="35B22A591F799502FE21F9C9DE70F969" box="[422,522,1640,1666]" captionStart="Figs 181‒189" captionStartId="43.[189,241,1746,1772]" captionTargetBox="[244,1328,297,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-11@43.[209,1378,265,1712]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figs 181‒189. Morphology of the male genitalia for species of the subgenus Melanobombus von Dalla Torre, 1880 from the dorsal aspect, anterior at the bottom of the image, posterior at the top. 181. Bombus eximius Smith, 1852, China-Guangxi. 182. B. rufipes Lepeletier, 1835, Indonesia- Java. 183. B. festivus Smith, 1861, Nepal. 184. B. simillimus Smith, 1852, India-Himachal Pradesh. 185. B. miniatus Bingham, 1897, Bhutan. 186. B. eurythorax Wang, 1982 stat. rev., India-Kashmir. 187. B. prshewalskyi Morawitz, 1880 stat. rev., China-Sichuan. 188. B. rufofasciatus Smith, 1852, India- Kashmir. 189. B. richardsiellus (Tkalců, 1968), Burma (left volsella distal part missing). Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4064360" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4064360/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Fig. 189</figureCitation>
|
||
) with the gonostylus much reduced, less than a quarter as long on its outer side as broad, with the distal edge concave, the inner distal corner with a single- or double-pointed projection, the inner proximal corner broad and nearly 90° (cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6A894D5F1F799502FC1CF90ED85AF923" authorityName="Bingham" authorityYear="1897" box="[923,1056,1711,1736]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miniatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9FFDEACE1F799502FC1CF90ED85AF923" box="[923,1056,1711,1736]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">B. miniatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6A894D5F1F799502FBA9F90ED8B5F923" authorityName="Wang" authorityYear="1982" box="[1070,1231,1710,1736]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eurythorax">
|
||
<emphasis id="9FFDEACE1F799502FBA9F90ED8B5F923" box="[1070,1231,1710,1736]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">B. eurythorax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6A894D5F1F799502FB5AF90ED915F923" authorityName="Morawitz" authorityYear="1890" box="[1245,1391,1711,1736]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrosoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="9FFDEACE1F799502FB5AF90ED915F923" box="[1245,1391,1711,1736]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">B. pyrosoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6A894D5F1F799502FF3AF973DD10F900" baseAuthorityName="Frison" baseAuthorityYear="1934" box="[189,362,1745,1771]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9FFDEACE1F799502FF3AF973DD10F900" box="[189,362,1745,1771]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">B. formosellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); volsella with the inner distal corner produced as a narrow curved hook. The single examined male specimen (NHMUK) is missing its head, but according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C9184B2D1F799502FBAEF955D8ABF8E4" author="Tkalcu B." box="[1065,1233,1780,1807]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="21 - 51" refId="ref71524" refString="Tkalcu B. 1968. Neue Arten der Unterfamilie Bombinae der palaarktischen Region (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Sbornik Entomologickeho oddeleni Narodniho musea v Praze 65: 21 - 51." type="journal article" year="1968">Tkalců (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
this male had eyes unenlarged relative to the female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E59365571F799505FF3AF8F8D946FE50" lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="AD3636DC1F799502FF3AF8F8DDD0F898" blockId="59.[189,426,1881,1907]" box="[189,426,1881,1907]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<heading id="F67E81B01F799502FF3AF8F8DDD0F898" bold="true" box="[189,426,1881,1907]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="9FFDEACE1F799502FF3AF8F8DDD0F898" bold="true" box="[189,426,1881,1907]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AD3636DC1F799502FF6DF829DD26F849" blockId="59.[189,1398,1928,2025]" box="[234,348,1928,1954]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="9FFDEACE1F799502FF6DF829DD26F849" bold="true" box="[234,348,1928,1954]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<typeStatus id="7232887E1F799502FF6DF829DD26F849" box="[234,348,1928,1954]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AD3636DC1F799502FF3AF80AD939F802" blockId="59.[189,1398,1928,2025]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="1DE13C811F799502FF3AF80AD939F802" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2867606476" collectingDate="1931-07-08" collectionCode="NHMUK, PW" collectorName="Lord Cranbrook & J. Gathorne-Hardy" country="Myanmar" location="Adung Valley" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D59E764C1F799502FF3AF80ADD5DF82E" box="[189,295,1963,1989]" name="Myanmar" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">BURMA</collectingCountry>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="BB8FFD551F799502FEC1F80ADD26F82E" box="[326,348,1963,1989]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(queen),
|
||
<typeStatus id="7232887E1F799502FE54F80ADE40F82E" box="[467,570,1963,1989]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6A894D5F1F799502FDE0F80AD835F82E" authority="Tkalcu, 1968" authorityName="Tkalcu" authorityYear="1968" box="[615,1103,1962,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Pyrobombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="richardsiellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9FFDEACE1F799502FDE0F80ADFDDF82E" box="[615,935,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Pyrobombus richardsiellus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C9184B2D1F799502FC36F80BD835F82E" author="Tkalcu B." box="[945,1103,1962,1989]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="21 - 51" refId="ref71524" refString="Tkalcu B. 1968. Neue Arten der Unterfamilie Bombinae der palaarktischen Region (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Sbornik Entomologickeho oddeleni Narodniho musea v Praze 65: 21 - 51." type="journal article" year="1968">Tkalců, 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by original designation;
|
||
<location id="A85660071F799502FF3AF86FDD19F803" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:252087CA1F799505FDB1FC96DE90FC79:A85660071F799502FF3AF86FDD19F803" box="[189,355,1998,2024]" country="Myanmar" name="Adung Valley" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Adung Valley</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="D937101C1F799502FEE9F86FDD89F803" box="[366,499,1998,2024]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" value="1931-07-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="C973E9F41F799502FEE9F86FDD89F803" box="[366,499,1998,2024]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" value="1931-07-08">8 Jul. 1931</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="007C530A1F799502FE78F86FDEC6F803" box="[511,700,1998,2024]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Lord Cranbrook</collectorName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<collectorName id="007C530A1F799502FD61F86EDFB8F802" box="[742,962,1998,2025]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">J. Gathorne-Hardy</collectorName>
|
||
) leg.;
|
||
<collectionCode id="CB98AE191F799502FB8BF86ED801F802" box="[1036,1147,1999,2025]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
(examined
|
||
<collectionCode id="CB98AE191F799502FA82F86ED94CF802" box="[1285,1334,1999,2025]" country="Thailand" name="Paleontological Collections" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">PW</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AD3636DC1F7E9505FF3AFEA9DE27FEC8" blockId="60.[189,605,264,291]" box="[189,605,264,291]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="9FFDEACE1F7E9505FF3AFEA9DDC8FEC8" bold="true" box="[189,434,264,291]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Material sequenced</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="BB8FFD551F7E9505FE44FEA8DE2FFEC8" box="[451,597,264,291]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AD3636DC1F7E9505FF3AFE96D946FE50" blockId="60.[189,1399,311,444]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="1DE13C811F7E9505FF3AFE96DFF6FE9F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2867606617" collectingDate="2012-08-12" collectionCode="NHMUK, PW" country="China" latitude="30.0054" location="Nyingchi" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="95.2936" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" specimenCode="ML2" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Xizang">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D59E764C1F7E9505FF3AFE96DD62FEBA" box="[189,280,311,337]" name="China" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">CHINA</collectingCountry>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="BB8FFD551F7E9505FEBEFE96DD10FEB9" box="[313,362,311,338]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(worker);
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6F4DF83E1F7E9505FE68FE96DE3DFEBA" box="[495,583,311,337]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Xizang</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="A85660071F7E9505FDD0FE96DEB2FEBA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:252087CA1F799505FDB1FC96DE90FC79:A85660071F7E9505FDD0FE96DEB2FEBA" box="[599,712,311,337]" country="China" latitude="30.0054" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="95.2936" name="Nyingchi" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" stateProvince="Xizang">Nyingchi</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C8BD501B1F7E9505FD5FFE96DF1CFEB9" box="[728,870,311,338]" degrees="30.0054" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" precision="5" value="30.0054">30.0054° N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C8BD501B1F7E9505FCF1FE96D878FEB9" box="[886,1026,311,338]" degrees="95.2936" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" precision="5" value="95.2936">95.2936° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="D937101C1F7E9505FB95FE96D8C7FEBA" box="[1042,1213,311,337]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="2012-08-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="C973E9F41F7E9505FB95FE96D8C7FEBA" box="[1042,1213,311,337]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="2012-08-12">12 Aug. 2012</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="CB98AE191F7E9505FB4AFE99D946FEB9" box="[1229,1340,312,338]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
seq: NHMCT1 (sequence data from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C9184B2D1F7E9505FDC3FEFBDE83FE9F" author="Williams P. H." box="[580,761,346,372]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="305 - 321" refId="ref72584" refString="Williams P. H. 2018. In a group of its own? Rediscovery of one of the world's rarest and highest mountain bumblebees, Bombus tanguticus. Journal of Natural History 52: 305 - 321. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2018.1428377" type="journal article" year="2018">Williams 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectionCode id="CB98AE191F7E9505FC95FEFADF38FE9E" box="[786,834,347,373]" country="Thailand" name="Paleontological Collections" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">PW</collectionCode>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="FD2F9EA71F7E9505FCD6FEFBDFF6FE9F" box="[849,908,346,372]" collectionCode="PW" country="Thailand" name="Paleontological Collections" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">ML2</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="1DE13C811F7E9505FC29FEFBD95DFE73" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2867606338" collectingDate="2018-07-25" collectionCode="KIB" collectorName="Z. Ren" country="China" latitude="29.8266" location="Galonglashan" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="95.71532" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" specimenCode="ML563" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Xizang">
|
||
<specimenCount id="BB8FFD551F7E9505FC29FEFBDFA5FE9E" box="[942,991,346,373]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(worker);
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6F4DF83E1F7E9505FBE2FEFBD8C7FE9F" box="[1125,1213,346,372]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Xizang</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="A85660071F7E9505FB4AFEFBD908FE9F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:252087CA1F799505FDB1FC96DE90FC79:A85660071F7E9505FB4AFEFBD908FE9F" box="[1229,1394,346,372]" country="China" latitude="29.8266" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="95.71532" name="Galonglashan" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" stateProvince="Xizang">Galonglashan</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C8BD501B1F7E9505FF3AFEDCDD31FE73" box="[189,331,381,408]" degrees="29.8266" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" precision="5" value="29.8266">29.8266° N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C8BD501B1F7E9505FEDDFEDCDD8EFE73" box="[346,500,381,408]" degrees="95.71532" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" precision="1" value="95.71532">95.71532° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="D937101C1F7E9505FD83FEDCDEE5FE73" box="[516,671,381,408]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="2018-07-25">
|
||
<collectingDate id="C973E9F41F7E9505FD83FEDCDEE5FE73" box="[516,671,381,408]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="2018-07-25">25 Jul. 2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="007C530A1F7E9505FD28FEDFDF78FE73" box="[687,770,382,408]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Z. Ren</collectorName>
|
||
leg.;
|
||
<collectionCode id="CB98AE191F7E9505FCCCFEDFDF04FE73" box="[843,894,382,408]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">KIB</collectionCode>
|
||
seq: GLLSL203007;
|
||
<collectionCode id="CB98AE191F7E9505FB0EFEDFD8BAFE73" box="[1161,1216,382,408]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">KIB</collectionCode>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="FD2F9EA71F7E9505FB48FEDCD95DFE73" box="[1231,1319,381,408]" collectionCode="KIB" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">ML563</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="1DE13C811F7E9505FAC0FEDFD942FE50" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2867606490" collectingDate="2014-08-31" collectionCode="IOZ" country="China" latitude="28.8089" location="Sangjiu" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="97.6056" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" specimenCode="ML581" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Xizang">
|
||
<specimenCount id="BB8FFD551F7E9505FAC0FEDFD90CFE73" box="[1351,1398,382,408]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(worker);
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6F4DF83E1F7E9505FEB4FE00DDF1FE50" box="[307,395,417,443]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Xizang</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="A85660071F7E9505FE11FE00DD89FE50" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:252087CA1F799505FDB1FC96DE90FC79:A85660071F7E9505FE11FE00DD89FE50" box="[406,499,417,443]" country="China" latitude="28.8089" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="97.6056" name="Sangjiu" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" stateProvince="Xizang">Sangjiu</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C8BD501B1F7E9505FD87FE00DEF0FE50" box="[512,650,417,443]" degrees="28.8089" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" precision="5" value="28.8089">28.8089° N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C8BD501B1F7E9505FD11FE01DF67FE50" box="[662,797,416,443]" degrees="97.6056" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" precision="5" value="97.6056">97.6056° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="D937101C1F7E9505FCADFE00DFB6FE50" box="[810,972,417,443]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="2014-08-31">
|
||
<collectingDate id="C973E9F41F7E9505FCADFE00DFB6FE50" box="[810,972,417,443]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="2014-08-31">31 Aug. 2014</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
; IBK seq: BB09;
|
||
<collectionCode id="CB98AE191F7E9505FB1BFE00D8ABFE50" box="[1180,1233,417,443]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">IOZ</collectionCode>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="FD2F9EA71F7E9505FB5AFE01D942FE50" box="[1245,1336,416,443]" collectionCode="IOZ" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">ML581</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E59365571F7E9505FF3AFE43D8BAFCC9" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="AD3636DC1F7E9505FF3AFE43DDD7FE17" blockId="60.[189,429,482,508]" box="[189,429,482,508]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<heading id="F67E81B01F7E9505FF3AFE43DDD7FE17" bold="true" box="[189,429,482,508]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="9FFDEACE1F7E9505FF3AFE43DDD7FE17" bold="true" box="[189,429,482,508]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Global distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AD3636DC1F7E9505FF3AFDB0D8BAFCC9" blockId="60.[189,1399,528,802]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
(Hengduan mountain species)
|
||
<emphasis id="9FFDEACE1F7E9505FDA1FDB0DEE1FDC1" bold="true" box="[550,667,528,555]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D59E764C1F7E9505FDA1FDB0DEE1FDC1" box="[550,667,528,555]" name="China" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">East Asia</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: CHINA:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6F4DF83E1F7E9505FC9DFDB0DF09FDC0" box="[794,883,529,555]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Xizang</collectingRegion>
|
||
. –
|
||
<emphasis id="9FFDEACE1F7E9505FC11FDB1D834FDC1" bold="true" box="[918,1102,528,554]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Southeast Asia</emphasis>
|
||
: BURMA (north). (IAR, IOZ, KIB, NHMUK, PW.) Until recently, the species was known from only five specimens (two queens, two workers, and one male), most from the Adung Valley, Burma, with one queen from Zayul,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6F4DF83E1F7E9505FAA5FDF6D90DFD9A" box="[1314,1399,599,625]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Xizang</collectingRegion>
|
||
(NHMUK, examined PW). Knowledge of this species has increased substantially recently with the collection of a queen and
|
||
<specimenCount id="BB8FFD551F7E9505FE66FD3FDE1BFD5C" box="[481,609,669,696]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="worker">14 workers</specimenCount>
|
||
from Sanjiu in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6F4DF83E1F7E9505FC95FD3CDF1DFD5C" box="[786,871,669,695]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Xizang</collectingRegion>
|
||
in 2014 (IOZ, examined PW) and a collection of
|
||
<specimenCount id="BB8FFD551F7E9505FF5BFD61DD27FD30" box="[220,349,704,731]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="worker">64 workers</specimenCount>
|
||
from Galonglashan in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6F4DF83E1F7E9505FDE0FD60DEC6FD30" box="[615,700,705,731]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Xizang</collectingRegion>
|
||
in 2018 (KIB, examined PW), which brings the total known number of available specimens to 83. From this information, among bumblebee species with continental distributions, this species remains apparently unusually narrowly distributed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="35B22A591F7E9505FBCBFCA6D8C8FCC9" box="[1100,1202,775,802]" captionStart="Figs 205–206" captionStartId="61.[189,241,1884,1910]" captionTargetBox="[236,1348,269,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-11@61.[236,1348,265,1842]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="Figs 205–206. Maps of all available global records with all of the specimens examined and confirmed here. 205. Bombus richardsiellus (Tkalců, 1968). 206. B. tanguticus Morawitz, 1887. Relief map with hill shading for the region centred on Tibet with (grey lines) borders to national administration as in UN maps. Image created in ArcGIS using World_Shaded_Relief basemap © 2014 Esri." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4064366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4064366/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 205</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E59365571F7E9505FF3AFCE9DE90FC79" box="[189,746,840,914]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="AD3636DC1F7E9505FF3AFCE9DD45FC89" blockId="60.[189,319,840,866]" box="[189,319,840,866]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<heading id="F67E81B01F7E9505FF3AFCE9DD45FC89" bold="true" box="[189,319,840,866]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="9FFDEACE1F7E9505FF3AFCE9DD45FC89" bold="true" box="[189,319,840,866]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Behaviour</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AD3636DC1F7E9505FF3AFCD6DE90FC79" blockId="60.[189,746,887,914]" box="[189,746,887,914]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Food-plant choice generalist (ZR unpublished).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |