plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/A8/33/F2/A833F20698BD25AD601329F889334E2F.xml

454 lines
83 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document ID-CLB-Dataset="33275" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.666.9191" ID-PMC="PMC5534527" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-666-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="C43EEB41A94B930FFE439D1FAD29FF9C" ID-PubMed="28769631" ID-Zenodo-Dep="579453" ID-ZooBank="B3C377E8BBB14F328AECA2C22D1E625A" ModsDocID="1313-2970-666-1" checkinTime="1491551283800" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Moore, Matthew R., Jameson, Mary L., Garner, Beulah H., Audibert, Cedric, Smith, Andrew B. T. &amp; Seidel, Matthias" docDate="2017" docId="A833F20698BD25AD601329F889334E2F" docLanguage="en" docName="C43EEB41A94B930FFE439D1FAD29FF9C" docOrigin="ZooKeys 666" docPubDate="2017-04-06" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.666.9191" docTitle="Pelidnota MacLeay 1819" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" id="C43EEB41A94B930FFE439D1FAD29FF9C" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="C43EEB41A94B930FFE439D1FAD29FF9C" masterDocTitle="Synopsis of the pelidnotine scarabs (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini) and annotated catalog of the species and subspecies" masterLastPageNumber="349" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1719493172494" updateUser="carolina">
<mods:mods id="4BCE0FCC4F408A6B110EA74D434EF252" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="D7DC240944617E2347EEDCD84BD1E411">
<mods:title id="1E50E388A8F858F7367BB7AFAC24A1C9">Synopsis of the pelidnotine scarabs (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini) and annotated catalog of the species and subspecies</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="F37435D12D6C2BF8E30889602BDB72E0" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D84AE23588BABB43E17EB663379097C2">
<mods:roleTerm id="24EE160CD43CD31817F4E4234783B421">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B011F3A2359E1593278D1800446654DC">Moore, Matthew R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="01EC211D9D7E9267F8F0A91F56DD5E93">Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida Building 1881 Natural Drive Area, Steinmetz Hall, Box 110620, Gainesville, FL 32611 - 0620, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="F4FC2DEBEF748B34C3DC7A45C0B21714" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C34F2C7CFE8EC04789C4AC1698C6C920">
<mods:roleTerm id="E3430D57677682F86364DB6D8533B746">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C2F81FD077D493DC31C70AB8D9342FC4">Jameson, Mary L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="65DB9BE9009984883B2A8873CEBE18B6">Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University 1845 Fairmount, Box 26, Wichita, KS 67260 - 0026, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="24054032274BEDA7FCAD8045EDE93900" type="email">maryliz.jameson@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="4F5ADD9F08824B8701CD674D1687D7B4" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4E9A22B24425BC78E30E1FA10A9008EC">
<mods:roleTerm id="D2E016725A202D8EA5548218CA492452">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="282B7B06149BBBAE93C4F8D58D386ED2">Garner, Beulah H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4601BEFA1AED2FF45647F837A55AF62B">Natural History Museum, Insects Division, Department of Life Sciences, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="31453B712EDA87CF76F56F122432FA63" type="personal">
<mods:role id="74B83CD783CC6A74C102BA6EAB980645">
<mods:roleTerm id="F1E5BADC16194673E3F9441C6E5E0580">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1055B3BDE691939D8E58B6E707453C00">Audibert, Cedric</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5D4CD62784D25E7FC2EE9E2E76CAFF96">Musee des Confluences, Centre de Conservation et d'Etude des Collections, 13 A Rue Bancel, F- 69007 Lyon, France</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="02798442612DD41F846E5A2F4ABF7A1B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="165541A9F51AFDC013258D51ACC8878B">
<mods:roleTerm id="AD114D5AEF783DE5E0E08A2CD721F8D1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="BD587FE9382568C90F41D52A39582144">Smith, Andrew B. T.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="60518583CCA68408C52E7FFB68C69A05">Research Division, Canadian Museum of Nature, P. O. Box 3443, Station D, Ottawa, Ontario, K 1 P 6 P 4, Canada</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="B08832832DE95234E8220034D30593BF" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8FC100AD555DD090CE6625D10AAEE484">
<mods:roleTerm id="E7D9BA4EEDE5B62D4F9A017A71143CBA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="8F38F7D3DB6BD5143111DDC2F1CA935A">Seidel, Matthias</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="D56B5BA6F20DF7574BD7E9B87F2AE6F5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="E0F567451C2C731CF26ED686012DE63D" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="73765BFA14DE3A020CA074FB7248F007">
<mods:title id="5DA4D8A84A84996E17E6532EF81D2009">ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="E8BDCD80738B3AB5BB4C75ADE032CAC4">
<mods:date id="BF75EDACDD8A331AE5CB8ACC8B0AE056">2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="6C81FE29855B1D117E84621B7A392B3A" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="5937407494D0456486570510E86A451A">2017-04-06</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="52FEBEBDF924EFFD2ABF896A8C646941" type="volume">
<mods:number id="026E6EB363529986B1F098DC6A790161">666</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="6B66F73729E8E4315892B504E206E69D" unit="page">
<mods:start id="8177647932068F3B31B371C676D9D621">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="18653D4C3B9C7212D9B23B7830AF85B7">349</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="FCA93BBBAB17F5285540C194CD1B1A17">
<mods:url id="CC24622B3110EBDDC5C7C9C96A887DEB">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.666.9191</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="3B7C458B7EB80410B4C802A7C52B3DC0">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="D0D12C6E8BFA392E97FE683B99101A63" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.666.9191</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C0B81201D2A9D9E7D864F05E3E9D785D" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-666-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="86B4B3414826B8D2165F7F8A2139308E" type="ZooBank">B3C377E8BBB14F328AECA2C22D1E625A</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="06A18BE0CD5311AC9DAD9A6C41E20B19" type="Pensoft-UUID">C43EEB41A94B930FFE439D1FAD29FF9C</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="80B90FBD42CA85F7FBE6E39C91F35B29" type="Zenodo-Dep">579453</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="A833F20698BD25AD601329F889334E2F" ID-GBIF-Taxon="128344257" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A833F20698BD25AD601329F889334E2F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A833F20698BD25AD601329F889334E2F" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="DAD695545812AB2F7B787FAAAA30CF05" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D6CE8CB16FFFCC3FA1002CD050605294" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="4096746083EDD1C88B5B4410FA63DD06" ID-CoL="6K9B" LSID="A833F206-98BD-25AD-6013-29F889334E2F" authority="MacLeay, 1819" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pelidnota MacLeay, 1819</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="E43B5F978C32322747F9C95841A98C51" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Characters of the mesofemora and metatibiae in pelidnotine genera. A Epichalcoplethis aciculata (F. Bates), metatibia somewhat flattened (dorsal view) B Pelidnota virescens, metatibia not flattened (dorsal view) C Mecopelidnota sp., metatibia at base with a semicircular notch D Pseudogeniates cordobaensis Moore et al., metatibia simple at base E Mesomerodon gilletti Soula male, acute production of posterior margin of mesotibia (ventral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 2B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="2CF362F13593944F1D0DFA2534D0EF64" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of the thorax (ventral view) and elytral apex (dorsal and lateral views). Mesosternal keel not surpassing base of mesocoxae (A) or keel surpassing base of mesocoxae (B). Acute, spiniform projections at apex of elytra (C, D). A Homonyx elongatus B Pelidnota dobleri Frey C Mesomerodon gilletti, dorsal view D Mesomerodon gilletti, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 3B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="D3330F3FFEC9DBA06FD4C7F42E6FB822" captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="F53" captionText="Figure 53. Pelidnota ancilla F. Bates male holotype from BMNH. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130481" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 53</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="0B3A93A2AD5014BF2E6BC7973AF9C450" captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Pelidnota (Odontognathus) adriani Martinez (valid name Pelidnota bahiana adriani [Martinez]) paratype male from CMNC. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, caudal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130482" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 54</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="356C0CE31680099E2DE903DD8AE7343E" captionStart="Figure 55" captionStartId="F55" captionText="Figure 55. Pelidnota (Ganonota) boyi Ohaus (valid name Pelidnota boyi Ohaus) holotype female from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure55" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130483" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 55</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="479E4B2CD8069A41C0F69BD4AAAADA8F" captionStart="Figure 56" captionStartId="F56" captionText="Figure 56. Pelidnota burmeisteri burmeisteri Burmeister male specimen from MSPC. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure56" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130484" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 56</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="85D5D9206E0B5B0EA1686D2538C97B16" captionStart="Figure 57" captionStartId="F57" captionText="Figure 57. Pelidnota tricolor Nonfried (valid name Pelidnota burmeisteri tricolor Nonfried) syntype male from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Male genitalia, lateral view D Male parameres, caudal view E Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130485" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 57</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="99B7A88DD6957F10BD3FE9667FCFAAB4" captionStart="Figure 58" captionStartId="F58" captionText="Figure 58. Pelidnota crassipes Ohaus type male (see &quot; Type specimens and lectotype designation &quot; in Methods) from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels, mouthparts, and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, caudal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure58" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 58</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="0C1A48519FD5C5AE6F8F68A0ABE2A788" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 59. Pelidnota cuprea var. coerulea Ohaus (unavailable name) (valid name Pelidnota cuprea [Germar]) invalid type female from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130487" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 59</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="605DAE367570BCC76E2FA663AE266DD9" captionStart="Figure 60" captionStartId="F60" captionText="Figure 60. Pelidnota cuprea var. nigrocoerulea Ohaus (unavailable name) (valid name Pelidnota cuprea [Germar]) invalid type female from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure60" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130488" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 60</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="958A6ECDFEFC293C3D359A1B425DA37B" captionStart="Figure 61" captionStartId="F61" captionText="Figure 61. Pelidnota cuprea var. rufoviolacea Ohaus (unavailable name) (valid name Pelidnota cuprea [Germar]) invalid type male from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels, mouthparts, and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, caudal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure61" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130489" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 61</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="9D6AB4902840D14E499A8687F550B0AC" captionStart="Figure 62" captionStartId="F62" captionText="Figure 62. Pelidnota discicollis Ohaus holotype female from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure62" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130490" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 62</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="6DFD66E3B9E73566E499EF8A7CEF8299" captionStart="Figure 63" captionStartId="F63" captionText="Figure 63. Pelidnota dubia F. Bates syntype male from BMNH. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure63" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130491" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 63</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AE0BB8A97FB8FD1C398E20B42D520111" captionStart="Figure 64" captionStartId="F64" captionText="Figure 64. Pelidnota ebenina (Blanchard) female specimen compared [by Jameson] with syntype from MNHN. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure64" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130492" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 64</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="A1C0C5861788FF9D007A122BD7E43616" captionStart="Figure 65" captionStartId="F65" captionText="Figure 65. Pelidnota fracida F. Bates syntype male from BMNH. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130493" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 65</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="E885FC1AEA7BD7CD1F6DC4F2EC798351" captionStart="Figure 66" captionStartId="F66" captionText="Figure 66. Pelidnota fusciventris Ohaus type female from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and egg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure66" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130494" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 66</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="D183D2ABC03AE5B3A56FA29846140690" captionStart="Figure 67" captionStartId="F67" captionText="Figure 67. Pelidnota (Odontognathus) gabrielae Martinez (valid name Pelidnota gabrielae Martinez) allotype female from MACN. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure67" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130495" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 67</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="888DAB26D23A781289C207DDA7997BE4" captionStart="Figure 68" captionStartId="F68" captionText="Figure 68. Pelidnota hoefigi Ohaus syntype male from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure68" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130496" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 68</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="2151DA6043499A4F627FE4D48EB780FD" captionStart="Figure 69" captionStartId="F69" captionText="Figure 69. Strigidia incerta Soula holotype female from CCECL (valid name Pelidnota incerta (Soula )). A Dorsal habitus B Female gonocoxites, dorsal view C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure69" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130497" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 69</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="931B7E0465E5ABEAD5E94888ADBB1ACF" captionStart="Figure 70" captionStartId="F70" captionText="Figure 70. Pelidnota (Chalcoplethis) jolyi Martinez (valid name Pelidnota jolyi Martinez) paratype male from CMNC. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, caudal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130498" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 70</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="0B822B934A1E783AE209C1430F24C3B6" captionStart="Figure 71" captionStartId="F71" captionText="Figure 71. Pelidnota kirschi var. tenuistriata F. Bates (valid name Pelidnota kirschi tenuistriata F. Bates) holotype female from BMNH. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130499" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 71</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="9AC48A64A20AFE383666B5D6A0271590" captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Heteropelidnota kuhnti Ohaus (valid name Pelidnota kuhnti [Ohaus]) holotype male from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels, mouthparts, and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130500" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 72</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="20BA998E2A087977C3E13FA3A16F588E" captionStart="Figure 73" captionStartId="F73" captionText="Figure 73. Pelidnota assumpta Ohaus (valid name Pelidnota liturella assumpta Ohaus) holotype male from ZMHB. A Lateral habitus B Specimen labels and male genitalia C Male parameres, dorsal view D Male genitalia, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure73" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130501" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 73</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="8D97BA23685586A75715984047D7DCA6" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Pelidnota malyi Soula male paratype from CCECL. A Dorsal habitus B Male genitalia, dorsal view C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130502" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 74</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="FDE79529C5B56F3589C0E0E9A8E808FF" captionStart="Figure 75" captionStartId="F75" captionText="Figure 75. Pelidnota (Ganonota) matogrossensis Frey (valid name Pelidnota matogrossensis Frey) paratype male from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Male genitalia, lateral view D Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure75" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130503" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 75</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="F57E9C38B734C0E99811E51EE94B79A5" captionStart="Figure 76" captionStartId="F76" captionText="Figure 76. Pelidnota (Ganonota) ohausi Frey (valid name Pelidnota ohausi ohausi Frey) paratype from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure76" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130504" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 76</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="014732ADEF405797AEEA7D23858A596E" captionStart="Figure 77" captionStartId="F77" captionText="Figure 77. Pelidnota (Pelidnota) perplexa Hardy (valid name Pelidnota perplexa Hardy) paratype female from CNC. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure77" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130505" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 77</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="542784CF529DE8421861604E77C462E2" captionStart="Figure 78" captionStartId="F78" captionText="Figure 78. Rutela pulchella Kirby (valid name Pelidnota pulchella pulchella [Kirby]) syntype female from BMNH. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure78" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130506" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 78</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="876BB16ABBF3EE4944218A3CEF3C987F" captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Scarabaeus punctatus Linnaeus (valid name Pelidnota punctata [Linnaeus]) female lectotype from UUZM. A Dorsal habitus B Ventral habitus C Specimen labels. Photographs courtesy of Dr. Hans Mejlon, Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Sweden." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130507" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 79</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="8368319F6EFE946E096CD16848DCD1B8" captionStart="Figure 80" captionStartId="F80" captionText="Figure 80. Pelidnota rostrata Burmeister (male specimen compared with Burmeister's syntype by Ohaus from the Weber Collection). A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure80" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130508" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 80</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="B9485A097A9FD4EDA8DCF0C5FA0BAF81" captionStart="Figure 81" captionStartId="F81" captionText="Figure 81. Pelidnota viridana Blanchard (female specimen compared with Blanchard's syntype by Ohaus which is deposited at MNHN) (valid name Pelidnota rostrata Burmeister). A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure81" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130509" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 81</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="4332676C2F4A94D50430114E298D6853" captionStart="Figure 82" captionStartId="F82" captionText="Figure 82. Odontognathus riedeli Ohaus (valid name Pelidnota rubripennis riedeli [Ohaus]) syntype male from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels, mouthparts, and male genitalia D Male parameres, caudal view E Male genitalia, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure82" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130510" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 82</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="3442C8873DA1F0603ABCD3A6C43320E7" captionStart="Figure 83" captionStartId="F83" captionText="Figure 83. Pelidnota rubripennis rubripennis (Burmeister) (male specimen compared with Burmeister's syntype by Ohaus from MLUH). A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure83" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130511" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 83</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="5DFF3DC7072D4715593EF545F5933421" captionStart="Figure 84" captionStartId="F84" captionText="Figure 84. Pelidnota rufipennis Waterhouse (valid name Pelidnota rubripennis [Burmeister]) type female (see &quot; Type specimens and lectotype designation &quot; in Methods) from BMNH. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure84" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130512" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 84</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1544F6ED2988D7CA144AEFCA0F1DE1E2" captionStart="Figure 85" captionStartId="F85" captionText="Figure 85. Pelidnota pubes Ohaus syntype male from ZMHB (valid name Pelidnota sanctidomini sanctidomini Ohaus). A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels, mouthparts, and male genitalia D Male parameres, dorsal view E Male genitalia, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure85" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130513" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 85</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="0CCA0DF55267E5E794755C6F123759C7" captionStart="Figure 86" captionStartId="F86" captionText="Figure 86. Pelidnota sanctidomini sanctidomini Ohaus holotype female from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure86" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130514" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 86</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="2FD19DB6F95D728833F978B74438FBFE" captionStart="Figure 87" captionStartId="F87" captionText="Figure 87. Pelidnota soederstroemi Ohaus (valid name Pelidnota soederstroemi Ohaus) holotype female from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and mouthparts." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure87" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130515" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 87</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="83863A1AB2448D4BAD86E4CB6D77F7B6" captionStart="Figure 88" captionStartId="F88" captionText="Figure 88. Pelidnota subandina Ohaus (valid name Pelidnota subandina subandina Ohaus) syntype male from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and male genitalia D Male parameres, dorsal view E Male genitalia, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure88" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130516" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 88</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="7A28BEEB699521ECA4679729A6B623E2" captionStart="Figure 89" captionStartId="F89" captionText="Figure 89. Pelidnota vittipennis F. Bates (valid name Pelidnota testaceovirens vittipennis F. Bates) syntype male from BMNH. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure89" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130517" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 89</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="CF1D4187023EF1109E3C0C9BE29F0C49" captionStart="Figure 90" captionStartId="F90" captionText="Figure 90. Pelidnota thiliezi male, neotype from CCECL. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male genitalia, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure90" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130518" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 90</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="F75C70F77A9F13C87EEAEE8EB331B21A" captionStart="Figure 91" captionStartId="F91" captionText="Figure 91. Pelidnota zikani Ohaus (valid name Pelidnota tibialis tibialis Burmeister) syntype male from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure91" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130519" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 91</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="6DF2D749F4C502B35785C54425376C82" captionStart="Figure 92" captionStartId="F92" captionText="Figure 92. Heteropelidnota cribrata Ohaus paralectotype male (valid name Pelidnota touroulti Soula) from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels, mouthparts, and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure92" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130520" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 92</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="A87D3E25BC1C9AD8E157CE83EE34AAFB" captionStart="Figure 93" captionStartId="F93" captionText="Figure 93. Pelidnota uncinata Ohaus type male from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, caudal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure93" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130521" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 93</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="4BE7EFE8A91E038A4E41BCA493611853" captionStart="Figure 94" captionStartId="F94" captionText="Figure 94. Pelidnota unicolor var. infuscata Ohaus (unavailable name) (valid name Pelidnota unicolor [Drury]) invalid type female from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure94" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130522" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 94</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="4DBCADDE11B8A9FA301AF541A2A2C29A" captionStart="Figure 95" captionStartId="F95" captionText="Figure 95. Heteropelidnota ustarani Martinez (valid name Pelidnota ustarani [Martinez]) holotype male from MACN. A Dorsal habitus B Specimen labels and male genitalia." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure95" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130523" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 95</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="0AE2FB55CB77C04818D5E1D490917980" captionStart="Figure 96" captionStartId="F96" captionText="Figure 96. Pelidnota viridicuprea Ohaus holotype female from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and egg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure96" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130524" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 96</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="0097CC95A2ABCF373D830800510689D1" captionStart="Figure 97" captionStartId="F97" captionText="Figure 97. Pelidnota (Ganonota) vitalisi Ohaus (valid name Pelidnota vitalisi Ohaus) type male (see &quot; Type specimens and lectotype designation &quot; in Methods) from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure97" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130525" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 97</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C0E4C0151015F2D3D681EA6A49B55A10" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
<paragraph id="F00BC762E4D74BA92F63264AD0CB3163" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="948E8C971AA6076F5979DD2303B19F57" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="E142B3C822BCC23F4CC8E70955531690" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Scarabaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scarabaeus punctatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="C7C6F05DF490252B3BE83D45644A9028" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Scarabaeus punctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Linnaeus, 1758.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EE8CAD0A1D5645AD276EA9564B6FAFDC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species">
<paragraph id="70165606BBF01D993A4C2401C7574606" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="736FE2AA8A35BD29E211EDB00BD283CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">195 species and subspecies; length 11-37 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="129EEF27D3CD97C614452539EB6D0BD4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
From southeastern Canada to Argentina and the Caribbean, members of the genus
<taxonomicName id="FBC8F6A6FB9928B85C365D5F221F82FE" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D7CC3FE6C44C3AE5DB34BF8215D666E3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are obvious members of the entomofauna with diverse forms (some with enlarged metafemora such as
<taxonomicName id="A0FCC9385D03C3851BE7DF51957AAE3D" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. burmeisteri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burmeisteri">
<emphasis id="E8F1E845734657CEB325C1E73500F2A5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. burmeisteri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), diverse colors (from metallic silver in
<taxonomicName id="6B59629820D15B22021245682E8AEDF6" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. teocuitlamayatli" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="teocuitlamayatli">
<emphasis id="48C2CF4FD3C378481DED8B74E209FB15" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. teocuitlamayatli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Delgado-Castillo, Deloya, and
<normalizedToken id="8E2AB32CD9E8498E93DEEE916172501D" originalValue="Morón">Moron</normalizedToken>
to shiny red and blue in
<taxonomicName id="26182232F154778FF56FB977200F761B" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. rubripennis subsp. riedeli" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="rubripennis" subSpecies="riedeli">
<emphasis id="647278F6DF04EA441ABE3A1A88A09E03" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. rubripennis riedeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[Ohaus]), and diverse maculations (striped green and tan in
<taxonomicName id="CD2ED8C91FCDB77305BDBE8DFE1BBC38" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. liturella" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liturella">
<emphasis id="59958B14A3F47B37B939791FC58FFCB7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. liturella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[Kirby] or colorfully spotted in
<taxonomicName id="ED57B57DCFC84F2423B569A76A681D62" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. xanthospila" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanthospila">
<emphasis id="738BEA743662DC750983DFE351ADA0CB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. xanthospila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[Germar]). Their large size, abundance, and beauty make them fairly recognizable. Some species are recognized as pests:
<taxonomicName id="4DD8011BBFEA868366369654DFBB078E" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. filippiniae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filippiniae">
<emphasis id="144221FE6C2001F249824C0B81CBF24A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. filippiniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Soula, which defoliates plantations (
<bibRefCitation id="DCC05F1F54FC53FAC2E5C090CAAF7F10" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1590/S0044-59672011000300017" author="Lunz, MA" journalOrPublisher="Acta Amazonica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="439 - 422" refId="B185" refString="Lunz, MA, Vaz-de-Mello, FZ, Monteiro, OM, 2011. Pelidnota filippiniae Soula, 2009 (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae): a new defoliator of Australian wattle, Racosperma mangium (Willd.) (Fabaceae), in the eastern Amazon, Brazil. Acta Amazonica 41 (3): 439 - 422, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0044-59672011000300017" title="Pelidnota filippiniae Soula, 2009 (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae): a new defoliator of Australian wattle, Racosperma mangium (Willd.) (Fabaceae), in the eastern Amazon, Brazil." url="https://doi.org/10.1590/S0044-59672011000300017" volume="41" year="2011">Lunz et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
) and
<taxonomicName id="7F1928D0BDDE9648878346796DA41FF3" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. punctata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctata">
<emphasis id="60EF3456489B62A31A202B1E6A07D420" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. punctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that feeds on leaves in vineyards (
<bibRefCitation id="E3C03D04F958D175A8D8BE6C89952CA9" author="Ratcliffe, BC" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Nebraska State Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 570" refId="B322" refString="Ratcliffe, BC, Paulsen, MJ, 2008. The scarabaeoid beetles of Nebraska. Bulletin of the Nebraska State Museum 22: 1 - 570" title="The scarabaeoid beetles of Nebraska." volume="22" year="2008">Ratcliffe and Paulsen 2008</bibRefCitation>
). Complete life cycle and representative larvae are described (
<bibRefCitation id="45D8E4A95D1CC5596D02625CF688C0EC" author="Ritcher, PO" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Lexington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="3 - 19" refId="B326" refString="Ritcher, PO, 1945. Rutelinae of eastern North America with descriptions of the larvae of Strigodermella pygmaea (Fab.) and three species of the tribe Rutelini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Bulletin of the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Lexington 471: 3 - 19" title="Rutelinae of eastern North America with descriptions of the larvae of Strigodermella pygmaea (Fab.) and three species of the tribe Rutelini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)." volume="471" year="1945">Ritcher 1945</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="3AFE117F87EFB1D4E777C4BF73EE9F93" author="Ritcher, PO" journalOrPublisher="Oregon State University Press, Corvallis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B327" refString="Ritcher, PO, 1966. White grubs and their allies. Oregon State University Press, Corvallis" title="White grubs and their allies." year="1966">1966</bibRefCitation>
,
<normalizedToken id="3BF93EE6CDFF8F28A98E81D589256696" originalValue="Morón">Moron</normalizedToken>
1976,
<bibRefCitation id="C91CE13C82E7023A7BD5FC9369896858" author="Moron, MA" journalOrPublisher=")" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="109 - 118" refId="B240" refString="Moron, MA, Deloya, C, 2002. Observaciones sobre el ciclo de vida de Pelidnota (Pelidnota) virescens Burmeister, 1844 (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae; Rutelinae). Acta Zoologica Mexicana (N. S.) 85: 109 - 118" title="Observaciones sobre el ciclo de vida de Pelidnota (Pelidnota) virescens Burmeister, 1844 (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae; Rutelinae). Acta Zoologica Mexicana (N. S." volume="85" year="2002">
<normalizedToken id="ED5BAE383EFFD3772E986FEC0A185AA4" originalValue="Morón">Moron</normalizedToken>
and Deloya 2002
</bibRefCitation>
, Rodriguez et al. 2012,
<bibRefCitation id="42C4AEAA3F7DF66191DC05AE43E2471E" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1590/S1676-06032013000300004" author="Garcia, FP" journalOrPublisher="Biota Neotropica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="38 - 43" refId="B78" refString="Garcia, FP, Rodrigues, SR, Bagnara, CAC, de Oliveira, DS, 2013. Survey of saproxylophagous Melolonthidae (Coleoptera) and some biological aspects in Aquidauana, MS. Biota Neotropica 13 (3): 38 - 43, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1676-06032013000300004" title="Survey of saproxylophagous Melolonthidae (Coleoptera) and some biological aspects in Aquidauana, MS." url="https://doi.org/10.1590/S1676-06032013000300004" volume="13" year="2013">Garcia et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="78E693E7F7859E88EBD79616FCA4E17F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<bibRefCitation id="568DDD1107D07588CD05D15F57717A0C" author="Hardy, AR" journalOrPublisher="University of California Publications in Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 43" refId="B108" refString="Hardy, AR, 1975. A revision of the genus Pelidnota of America north of Panama (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae). University of California Publications in Entomology 78: 1 - 43" title="A revision of the genus Pelidnota of America north of Panama (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae)." volume="78" year="1975">Hardy (1975)</bibRefCitation>
revised the genus
<taxonomicName id="1F4300029605CBE4955521854D87C714" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="80896361DDB4B972F6F908B76DA310F4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from North and Central America and provided a key to species. He geographically restricted his revision to North and Central American species due to the large size of the group. The work stabilized the classification of North and Central American taxa and provided the only method of accurately identifying species in this region. He did not discuss relationships among the subgenera of
<taxonomicName id="AA404EFE831FE8EB9853155B8F0C4A00" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C03F332F9E8DDAF417918CD4A1AB79ED" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, although he noted that the classification and subgeneric concept (as proposed by Ohaus) were in need of study. Subsequent to
<normalizedToken id="02B5E1F51E3B0088F1576EECD1878788" originalValue="Hardy’s">Hardy's</normalizedToken>
revision (
<bibRefCitation id="FC7108696728626F10EB65E852345F72" author="Hardy, AR" journalOrPublisher="University of California Publications in Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 43" refId="B108" refString="Hardy, AR, 1975. A revision of the genus Pelidnota of America north of Panama (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae). University of California Publications in Entomology 78: 1 - 43" title="A revision of the genus Pelidnota of America north of Panama (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae)." volume="78" year="1975">Hardy 1975</bibRefCitation>
), many new species of
<taxonomicName id="A2F6708BBD234472B2B8B0A7FFED0895" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0DEEB63A2BC7771FA64431C90E0F9575" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been described. Keys to the Mexican species (Delgado et al. 1988) and Costa Rican species (
<bibRefCitation id="C962ADF24D762E9CF428784C64A757C2" author="Solis, A" journalOrPublisher="Folia Entomologica Mexicana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="31 - 41" refId="B352" refString="Solis, A, Moron, MA, 1994. Nuevas especies de Rutelini (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae) del sureste Costa Rica. Folia Entomologica Mexicana 92: 31 - 41" title="Nuevas especies de Rutelini (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae) del sureste Costa Rica." volume="92" year="1994">
<normalizedToken id="674016E73DB5F01213ED58B696F8B3CC" originalValue="Solís">Solis</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken id="0E61816FB10B60E55E69A3E48F60D94D" originalValue="Morón">Moron</normalizedToken>
1994
</bibRefCitation>
) of
<taxonomicName id="324A9CFC6615429AE06059F3A29F7693" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="503E06813385E60321C1D365253CDD75" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are available.
<bibRefCitation id="C3F031FB6A1FA684555A4EF39F90FB82" author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B358" refString="Soula, M, 2006. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 1: Rutelini 1. Revision des Pelidnotina 1 et des Lasiocalina. Une revision des genres Strigidia, Chalcoplethis, Epichalcoplethis, Sorocha, Lasiocala, Minilasiocala, Pseudochlorota, Homeochlorota, Pachacama (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: Pelidnotina et Lasiocalina). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 1: Rutelini 1. Revision des Pelidnotina 1 et des Lasiocalina. Une revision des genres Strigidia, Chalcoplethis, Epichalcoplethis, Sorocha, Lasiocala, Minilasiocala, Pseudochlorota, Homeochlorota, Pachacama (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: Pelidnotina et Lasiocalina). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2006">Soula (2006</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="FB895D4DDD6FC5A642345EF5AE60D009" author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B359" refString="Soula, M, 2008. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 2: Rutelini 2. Revision des Pelidnotina 2. Revision des genres: Parhoplognathus, Chipita n. gen., Heteropelidnota, Homothermon, Hoplopelidnota, Mesomerodon, Mecopelidnota, Patatra n. gen. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 2: Rutelini 2. Revision des Pelidnotina 2. Revision des genres: Parhoplognathus, Chipita n. gen., Heteropelidnota, Homothermon, Hoplopelidnota, Mesomerodon, Mecopelidnota, Patatra n. gen. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2008">2008</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DFFAE407CE29A10E393B4EAC854A229A" author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B360" refString="Soula, M, 2009. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 3: Rutelini 3. Revision des Pelidnotina 3. Photos de toutes les especes de Lagochile. Une revision des genres Pelidnota, Ectinoplectron, Pseudogeniates, Xenopelidnota (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: &quot;Pelidnotina&quot;). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 3: Rutelini 3. Revision des Pelidnotina 3. Photos de toutes les especes de Lagochile. Une revision des genres Pelidnota, Ectinoplectron, Pseudogeniates, Xenopelidnota (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: &quot; Pelidnotina &quot;). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2009">2009</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="4E13139772723E8AEA42406AF6F4EB0A" author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B361" refString="Soula, M, 2010a. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 4: Rutelini 4. Revision des Pelidnotina 4. Une revision des genres Catoclastus, Homonyx. Retour sur quelques especes ou groupe d'especes de Pelidnota. Addenda 2010. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: &quot;Pelidnotina&quot;). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 4: Rutelini 4. Revision des Pelidnotina 4. Une revision des genres Catoclastus, Homonyx. Retour sur quelques especes ou groupe d'especes de Pelidnota. Addenda 2010. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: &quot; Pelidnotina &quot;). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2010 a">2010a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="4F29B589F2256C93FFF9353ED62CD63F" author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="Besoiro" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="11 - 12" refId="B362" refString="Soula, M, 2010b. Pelidnotopsis Ohaus, revalidation du genre. Besoiro 19: 11 - 12" title="Pelidnotopsis Ohaus, revalidation du genre." volume="19" year="2010 b">2010b</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="31D674EDBD1746378662BA94799C9050" author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B364" refString="Soula, M, 2011. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 5: Geniatini 1. Revision du genre Bolax (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelini: Geniatini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 5: Geniatini 1. Revision du genre Bolax (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelini: Geniatini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2011">2011</bibRefCitation>
) described 104 species and subspecies and provided difficult-to-use keys to many species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CA14AF7489F11DF01A3D1442D687B506" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Research on
<taxonomicName id="67E7E437858B3C37268E52664BDB81A3" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="03E10295A91FA1C14DA8AE01D431C4DF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and its allies was initiated by one of us in the 1990s (MLJ). This research, however, became intractable when Soula began describing many pelidnotine taxa and depositing type specimens in his private collection where they were not accessible to other scientists. Additionally, Soula created many new species for North American morphotypes of
<taxonomicName id="C2541955D06A689B0865EE4610B65274" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. punctata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctata">
<emphasis id="7C264F61A9E2E632FDB93F10D303A9E9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. punctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see &quot;
<taxonomicName id="08B1042BEFD4FFEA5B44E8D3F37AFD0F" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota punctata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctata">
<emphasis id="4775738EDAD238EEE4ABF6492C219000" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota punctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Linnaeus) species hypothesis and synonyms&quot; below). A comprehensive revision of the genus and its allies is needed, including identification resources for all species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9C2711AAEF7FBFC4D10EB4DC679B4CB4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Molecular and morphological phylogenetic analyses are necessary to unravel the evolutionary and ecological patterns within this interesting group. For over a century, taxonomy and nomenclature of the genus has been mired with several genus-level nomenclatural and classification conflicts (F.
<bibRefCitation id="5A9A12F1DE8EAC60004965C4459DD96A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1904.tb02746.x" author="Bates, F" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Entomological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="249 - 276" refId="B7" refString="Bates, F, 1904. A revision of the sub-family Pelidnotinae of the coleopterous family Rutelidae, with descriptions of new genera and species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1904: 249 - 276, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1904.tb02746.x" title="A revision of the sub-family Pelidnotinae of the coleopterous family Rutelidae, with descriptions of new genera and species." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1904.tb02746.x" volume="1904" year="1904">Bates 1904</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="4F022B29F44B8AFD9DADC9868ED9C497" author="Ohaus, F" journalOrPublisher="Coleopterorum Catalogus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 241" refId="B278" refString="Ohaus, F, 1918. Scarabaeidae: Euchirinae, Phaenomerinae, Rutelinae. Coleopterorum Catalogus 20: 1 - 241" title="Scarabaeidae: Euchirinae, Phaenomerinae, Rutelinae." volume="20" year="1918">Ohaus 1918</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="E10593755F62BA642B32814F305E3D27" author="Ohaus, F" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Deutschen Entomologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B286" refString="Ohaus, F, 1934b. Coleopteralamellicornia, Fam. Scarabaeidae, Subfam. Rutelinae. T.1: Tribus Rutelini. Genera Insectorum Fasc. 199A: 1-172." title="Coleopteralamellicornia, Fam. Scarabaeidae, Subfam. Rutelinae. T. 1: Tribus Rutelini. Genera Insectorum Fasc. 199 A: 1 - 172." year="1934 b">1934b</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="E37E3898530D1C2FD12CC765B825E510" author="Machatschke, JW" journalOrPublisher="The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="157 - 158" refId="B187" refString="Machatschke, JW, 1970. Rutelinae (Col., Scarabaeidae): Synonymische Bemerkungen. The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 105: 157 - 158" title="Rutelinae (Col., Scarabaeidae): Synonymische Bemerkungen." volume="105" year="1970">Machatschke 1970</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="6E786B93C438A92E8E489EE0DD49D5E4" author="Machatschke, JW" journalOrPublisher="Coleopterorum Catalogus Supplementa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 361" refId="B188" refString="Machatschke, JW, 1972. Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae, Rutelinae. Coleopterorum Catalogus Supplementa 66: 1 - 361" title="Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae, Rutelinae." volume="66" year="1972">1972</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="E444B070029D26482C85659924E08A9E" author="Machatschke, JW" journalOrPublisher="Coleopterorum Catalogus Supplementa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="363 - 429" refId="B189" refString="Machatschke, JW, 1974. Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae, Rutelinae. Coleopterorum Catalogus Supplementa 66: 363 - 429" title="Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae, Rutelinae." volume="66" year="1974">1974</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="815A560661CFEABF63E415A5D5B19338" author="Krajcik, M" journalOrPublisher="Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B155" refString="Krajcik, M, 2008. Animma. X. Supplement 4. Checklist of the Scarabaeoidea of the World. 2. Rutelinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae). Second Edition. Plzen, 142 pp." title="Animma. X. Supplement 4. Checklist of the Scarabaeoidea of the World. 2. Rutelinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae). Second Edition. Plzen, 142 pp." year="2008">Krajcik 2008</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="5B0450BCE48829E31BF20711CF0F4BBC" author="Oezdikmen, H" journalOrPublisher="Munis Entomology and Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="139 - 147" refId="B293" refString="Oezdikmen, H, 2009. Nomenclatural changes for five preoccupied scarab beetle genus group names (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Munis Entomology and Zoology 4: 139 - 147" title="Nomenclatural changes for five preoccupied scarab beetle genus group names (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)." volume="4" year="2009">
<normalizedToken id="CAC5C535F61EB06B2D9F8544882EA5B0" originalValue="Özdikmen">Oezdikmen</normalizedToken>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="7CF9499522A59B990D6FADC441938DC1" author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B358" refString="Soula, M, 2006. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 1: Rutelini 1. Revision des Pelidnotina 1 et des Lasiocalina. Une revision des genres Strigidia, Chalcoplethis, Epichalcoplethis, Sorocha, Lasiocala, Minilasiocala, Pseudochlorota, Homeochlorota, Pachacama (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: Pelidnotina et Lasiocalina). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 1: Rutelini 1. Revision des Pelidnotina 1 et des Lasiocalina. Une revision des genres Strigidia, Chalcoplethis, Epichalcoplethis, Sorocha, Lasiocala, Minilasiocala, Pseudochlorota, Homeochlorota, Pachacama (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: Pelidnotina et Lasiocalina). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2006">Soula 2006</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EA5BF21470AAB0451DB8A2B6BA82789F" author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B359" refString="Soula, M, 2008. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 2: Rutelini 2. Revision des Pelidnotina 2. Revision des genres: Parhoplognathus, Chipita n. gen., Heteropelidnota, Homothermon, Hoplopelidnota, Mesomerodon, Mecopelidnota, Patatra n. gen. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 2: Rutelini 2. Revision des Pelidnotina 2. Revision des genres: Parhoplognathus, Chipita n. gen., Heteropelidnota, Homothermon, Hoplopelidnota, Mesomerodon, Mecopelidnota, Patatra n. gen. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2008">2008</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="A2D674BFA5BEB601ADAE42DF6D13F9C5" author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B360" refString="Soula, M, 2009. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 3: Rutelini 3. Revision des Pelidnotina 3. Photos de toutes les especes de Lagochile. Une revision des genres Pelidnota, Ectinoplectron, Pseudogeniates, Xenopelidnota (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: &quot;Pelidnotina&quot;). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 3: Rutelini 3. Revision des Pelidnotina 3. Photos de toutes les especes de Lagochile. Une revision des genres Pelidnota, Ectinoplectron, Pseudogeniates, Xenopelidnota (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: &quot; Pelidnotina &quot;). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2009">2009</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="70BF4946BB6A7626BE40518E26E6B3F7" author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B361" refString="Soula, M, 2010a. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 4: Rutelini 4. Revision des Pelidnotina 4. Une revision des genres Catoclastus, Homonyx. Retour sur quelques especes ou groupe d'especes de Pelidnota. Addenda 2010. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: &quot;Pelidnotina&quot;). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 4: Rutelini 4. Revision des Pelidnotina 4. Une revision des genres Catoclastus, Homonyx. Retour sur quelques especes ou groupe d'especes de Pelidnota. Addenda 2010. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: &quot; Pelidnotina &quot;). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2010 a">2010a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="3175CAA4E89ADB973CDF5710E75F4164" author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B364" refString="Soula, M, 2011. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 5: Geniatini 1. Revision du genre Bolax (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelini: Geniatini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 5: Geniatini 1. Revision du genre Bolax (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelini: Geniatini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2011">2011</bibRefCitation>
) (see
<bibRefCitation id="7D6EACB7C7A12354026FE7D0A3B791D3" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1649/0010-065X-67.3.377" author="Moore, MR" journalOrPublisher="The Coleopterists Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="377 - 387" refId="B226" refString="Moore, MR, Jameson, ML, 2013. Taxonomic and nomenclatural changes in the pelidnotine scarabs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 67: 377 - 387, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1649/0010-065X-67.3.377" title="Taxonomic and nomenclatural changes in the pelidnotine scarabs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini)." url="https://doi.org/10.1649/0010-065X-67.3.377" volume="67" year="2013">Moore and Jameson 2013</bibRefCitation>
). Whereas the taxonomy and composition of
<taxonomicName id="11A8D6208D46F2410F8F9B5A5BF25362" authority="(Pelidnota)" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota (Pelidnota)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pelidnota">Pelidnota (Pelidnota)</taxonomicName>
is stable (ICZN 2003) and fairly homogeneous, other genus-level names are much less stable, the composition unknown, and identification is problematic (including
<emphasis id="DE4BBC109CC1B9CE6DA30E948888C7DE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="3B38F5FF6C787C8DF3B2B392E7C1197A" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1844" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Chalcoplethis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chalcoplethis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chalcoplethis</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="80EA3D873687A82FB43B30500C60AB6A" authorityName="F. Bates" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Epichalcoplethis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epichalcoplethis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Epichalcoplethis</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="611C028FE29C86065780C5D0A1532105" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Strigidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Strigidia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Strigidia</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="F20CBC44E3A095902D3D7AFD9C56DC2E" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Odontognathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Odontognathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Odontognathus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="2D09466BFC7675F66CB172CB29424444" authorityName="Ohaus" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Ganonota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ganonota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ganonota</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Ohaus). It is possible that
<taxonomicName id="BCFF0AB2107C649ECA3BBA8308CC27FA" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FD606BF2A709F6431AD7B6D23813F0EA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="A1C88D147BC2B4618E9D003D71E0704C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sensu lato</emphasis>
includes several natural groups (=genera), but to truly unravel the group, an unabridged systematic revision (taxonomy, phylogeny) must be undertaken and the group must be examined within a broad context of the
<taxonomicName id="A55F180CE4A9FFB5156B9DE675C1FDF7" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="tribe" tribe="Rutelini">Rutelini</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8520C3B7BE4914DA55166F1F7EBE9EA6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Due to possible paraphyly, diagnosis of the genus is difficult. For most species of
<taxonomicName id="36E0CA6C9AE8C69F92B6F94AD3A19729" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6AEE79894B74D0CF244CC7623A13FA0A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the pronotal basal bead is complete (obsolete in some); external margin of the mandible is bidentate; mesosternum with a transverse suture that separates the metasternum; prosternal projection more or less prominent and beaded; scutellum as wide as long; mesosternal projection not well-developed, not strongly produced anteriorly; elytral shoulder with a bead; metatrochanters sometimes protruding; claws simple in both sexes; male protarsal claw with or without inner tubercle; metatibia simple, gradually widening from base or corbeled.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EED210BFD582BA2568E95C23A1CA223E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<bibRefCitation id="3465D519CD421825A34389935EF55094" author="Ohaus, F" journalOrPublisher="Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="273 - 319" refId="B273" refString="Ohaus, F, 1912. Beitraege zur Kenntnis der Ruteliden, X. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung 73: 273 - 319" title="Beitraege zur Kenntnis der Ruteliden, X." volume="73" year="1912">Ohaus (1912)</bibRefCitation>
described the genus
<taxonomicName id="0539670F415A8CA7280F83DBEB08763B" authorityName="Ohaus" authorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Heteropelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteropelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A08972D7B4705A9E0264F73423F4CB07" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Heteropelidnota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on one, unusual male specimen (
<bibRefCitation id="5F183BACB64944DC1F88BD52DBC9AF06" author="Ohaus, F" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Deutschen Entomologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B286" refString="Ohaus, F, 1934b. Coleopteralamellicornia, Fam. Scarabaeidae, Subfam. Rutelinae. T.1: Tribus Rutelini. Genera Insectorum Fasc. 199A: 1-172." title="Coleopteralamellicornia, Fam. Scarabaeidae, Subfam. Rutelinae. T. 1: Tribus Rutelini. Genera Insectorum Fasc. 199 A: 1 - 172." year="1934 b">Ohaus 1934b</bibRefCitation>
; Plate 2, Fig.
<figureCitation id="6B3D1B8962EDB6D19BA3DE2D91D54304" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Chrysina giesberti Monzon paratype male from MSPC. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, caudal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130439" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11</figureCitation>
) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="ADCB5FBA94B01F19920C2E5F8185BE68" captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Heteropelidnota kuhnti Ohaus (valid name Pelidnota kuhnti [Ohaus]) holotype male from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels, mouthparts, and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130500" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72</figureCitation>
). The color and form of the specimen (the holotype of
<taxonomicName id="E731909351A2C62B97FCCDD8D9C15CE0" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. kuhnti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kuhnti">
<emphasis id="F2B629B88226186F4E387F61D7694037" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. kuhnti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[Ohaus] and the only known representative of the taxon) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A2B30BBD29A6B6869416C4E8196F0E5B" captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Heteropelidnota kuhnti Ohaus (valid name Pelidnota kuhnti [Ohaus]) holotype male from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels, mouthparts, and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130500" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72</figureCitation>
) was compared with individuals of
<taxonomicName id="4A4BEDC9DEE6C95CCDA4750034A0B2FA" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. aeruginosa subsp. var. var. citripennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="aeruginosa" subSpecies="var." variety="citripennis">P. aeruginosa var. citripennis</taxonomicName>
(valid name
<taxonomicName id="D27F2CD9E0866B7BB07EA1D808E31CDA" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. semiaurata subsp. citripennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="semiaurata" subSpecies="citripennis">
<emphasis id="71AEC5BC740C20F671FF15E19385A6EB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. semiaurata citripennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="BA49791A70323B721289317E126BD99C" author="Ohaus, F" journalOrPublisher="Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="273 - 319" refId="B273" refString="Ohaus, F, 1912. Beitraege zur Kenntnis der Ruteliden, X. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung 73: 273 - 319" title="Beitraege zur Kenntnis der Ruteliden, X." volume="73" year="1912">Ohaus 1912</bibRefCitation>
). Examination of this specimen reveals that it is an aberrant, teratological specimen (see discussion of
<taxonomicName id="1140FC7F3E4B56D44E34DC819C241813" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. kuhnti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kuhnti">
<emphasis id="5F1C3BBD2367C09257B7B105037D4FC9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. kuhnti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in &quot;Annotated Catalog&quot;). In
<bibRefCitation id="DF2AED258647A7DF0CEF6117A9125A9F" author="Ohaus, F" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Deutschen Entomologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B286" refString="Ohaus, F, 1934b. Coleopteralamellicornia, Fam. Scarabaeidae, Subfam. Rutelinae. T.1: Tribus Rutelini. Genera Insectorum Fasc. 199A: 1-172." title="Coleopteralamellicornia, Fam. Scarabaeidae, Subfam. Rutelinae. T. 1: Tribus Rutelini. Genera Insectorum Fasc. 199 A: 1 - 172." year="1934 b">
<normalizedToken id="24B1E0F376314AB9CD598D36AB37A946" originalValue="Ohaus’">Ohaus'</normalizedToken>
(1934b)
</bibRefCitation>
discussion of the genus
<taxonomicName id="1D5685B518C16191A8ABFEB5AA057AD1" authorityName="Ohaus" authorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Heteropelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteropelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="95ED539C0CECDF7C564CE8628DCDA8EC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Heteropelidnota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, he compared the genus with
<taxonomicName id="BDFCEE5200B1B50F5749C0A3D5DEAEC2" authorityName="F. Bates" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Hoplopelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hoplopelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3979697C09AE93015E0F2080FAE9C964" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hoplopelidnota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="78F29B49983CB3353006CD2A38B38867" authorityName="F. Bates" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Xenopelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xenopelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6B23CC879EC9D3AF4450EE656C9C5F91" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xenopelidnota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, both of which possess a dense row of setae near the ventral apex of the elytra.
<bibRefCitation id="3D540029B9BC2986B626F0F09C2C731B" author="Ohaus, F" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Deutschen Entomologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B286" refString="Ohaus, F, 1934b. Coleopteralamellicornia, Fam. Scarabaeidae, Subfam. Rutelinae. T.1: Tribus Rutelini. Genera Insectorum Fasc. 199A: 1-172." title="Coleopteralamellicornia, Fam. Scarabaeidae, Subfam. Rutelinae. T. 1: Tribus Rutelini. Genera Insectorum Fasc. 199 A: 1 - 172." year="1934 b">Ohaus (1934b)</bibRefCitation>
stated that
<taxonomicName id="8EE6CAFA3A6A623274FA4318CDE30EB4" authorityName="F. Bates" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Hoplopelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hoplopelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B5B6D7925F58C4E8B55CA8B382A735E6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hoplopelidnota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="1EE1504D83F1C602F3C749C22E1E06A6" authorityName="F. Bates" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Xenopelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xenopelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="388676D961EC0A38E273942D0F5DC7B5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xenopelidnota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differ from
<taxonomicName id="3E7CF8D2F363C62B4123D21AEC3250CB" authorityName="Ohaus" authorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Heteropelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteropelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C7E89F5C80149C36F2DF682AB8D1FAF4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Heteropelidnota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on the bidentate mandible and produced mesometasternal peg. It should be noted that the dense row of setae on the ventral side of the elytra is observed within many rutelines, but the position (subapically, anteapically, apically) and the density of setae varies widely. The function of this character is unknown (possibly functioning in flight or preventing water loss) and should be investigated. Ohaus included a new species in the genus,
<taxonomicName id="80BDC274EEF0B280AFF33B395556CB5D" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. cribrata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cribrata">
<emphasis id="B043A89F7B36E37A2E0A96272E448656" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. cribrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Ohaus), and he transferred
<taxonomicName id="E98D43D54DC5F6967093F04F2FE934DB" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1844" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota rostrata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rostrata">
<emphasis id="74E05E5E4F3BE592C5363EB09D87C1F0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota rostrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Burmeister (
<bibRefCitation id="AB4462B04F354F4268A6059C2E17B1CF" author="Ohaus, F" journalOrPublisher="Coleopterorum Catalogus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 241" refId="B278" refString="Ohaus, F, 1918. Scarabaeidae: Euchirinae, Phaenomerinae, Rutelinae. Coleopterorum Catalogus 20: 1 - 241" title="Scarabaeidae: Euchirinae, Phaenomerinae, Rutelinae." volume="20" year="1918">Ohaus 1918</bibRefCitation>
) to the genus.
<bibRefCitation id="06A58E0F892ADFE64EA0768EB055ADA1" author="Martinez, A" journalOrPublisher="Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="145 - 154" refId="B203" refString="Martinez, A, 1967. Notas coleopterologicas XI: Comentarios sobre el genero Heteropelidnota Ohaus, con descripcion de una especie nueva (Col. Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae). Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina 183: 145 - 154" title="Notas coleopterologicas XI: Comentarios sobre el genero Heteropelidnota Ohaus, con descripcion de una especie nueva (Col. Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae)." volume="183" year="1967">
<normalizedToken id="5B2905BA254BC0D26C99FD13BDDD27E8" originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
(1967)
</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="7C5BCB31158A92963D37E83A6D06F6D5" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. ustarani" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ustarani">
<emphasis id="8CD1B6EECA5DC3F9D9335595FEF63C79" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ustarani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken id="08144201D50C1E90BA7C06AAEBBC6237" originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
), also including it in the genus. After examination of the species included in the genus and based on lack of sufficient
<normalizedToken id="FA116FA5D3AB700F1CC04E7ABF8988A9" originalValue="“collective”">&quot;collective&quot;</normalizedToken>
characters that support the genus,
<bibRefCitation id="74760051526CEA61E41E5AEB3C9FC923" author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B359" refString="Soula, M, 2008. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 2: Rutelini 2. Revision des Pelidnotina 2. Revision des genres: Parhoplognathus, Chipita n. gen., Heteropelidnota, Homothermon, Hoplopelidnota, Mesomerodon, Mecopelidnota, Patatra n. gen. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 2: Rutelini 2. Revision des Pelidnotina 2. Revision des genres: Parhoplognathus, Chipita n. gen., Heteropelidnota, Homothermon, Hoplopelidnota, Mesomerodon, Mecopelidnota, Patatra n. gen. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2008">Soula (2008)</bibRefCitation>
transferred
<taxonomicName id="D8B28294CF5EF4448451D1365BDAB4C5" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. cribrata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cribrata">
<emphasis id="4627B95CE74299F174AA5697429E96C1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. cribrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A00A74D203ECF55BDA38DA844068CB03" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. ustarani" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ustarani">
<emphasis id="D98479614E7A1E8A93DC803FBFE420DB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ustarani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="AAAA0C10C2B20AC9D2E2B1CA1EBD1C46" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. rostrata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rostrata">
<emphasis id="8221D80BBBE369172DC8481F1B0A2A2E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. rostrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to the genus
<taxonomicName id="B32297BA843CBF3EB5A775A9AF3D3BD9" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2507902D686B42B7E6E5D1CE2D7F0DA4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="64427EF18C2AFE71CF6689248C2AE032" author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B359" refString="Soula, M, 2008. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 2: Rutelini 2. Revision des Pelidnotina 2. Revision des genres: Parhoplognathus, Chipita n. gen., Heteropelidnota, Homothermon, Hoplopelidnota, Mesomerodon, Mecopelidnota, Patatra n. gen. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 2: Rutelini 2. Revision des Pelidnotina 2. Revision des genres: Parhoplognathus, Chipita n. gen., Heteropelidnota, Homothermon, Hoplopelidnota, Mesomerodon, Mecopelidnota, Patatra n. gen. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2008">Soula 2008</bibRefCitation>
). However, he retained
<taxonomicName id="BADE0E89F682C7ED4ACC3E7E52E0E605" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. kuhnti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kuhnti">
<emphasis id="2746706FE84258CAD4FDF9FBF518737E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. kuhnti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the genus based on its many
<normalizedToken id="598663E5EC7C79610211A16A0C51A5E9" originalValue="“singularities.”">&quot;singularities.&quot;</normalizedToken>
Indeed,
<bibRefCitation id="95AA2E1766DA95CD2FFF4BD74E2C1DCE" author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B359" refString="Soula, M, 2008. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 2: Rutelini 2. Revision des Pelidnotina 2. Revision des genres: Parhoplognathus, Chipita n. gen., Heteropelidnota, Homothermon, Hoplopelidnota, Mesomerodon, Mecopelidnota, Patatra n. gen. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 2: Rutelini 2. Revision des Pelidnotina 2. Revision des genres: Parhoplognathus, Chipita n. gen., Heteropelidnota, Homothermon, Hoplopelidnota, Mesomerodon, Mecopelidnota, Patatra n. gen. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2008">Soula (2008)</bibRefCitation>
also seemed to imply that
<taxonomicName id="4FC5FF1BFC1395181A404643D4B3918B" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. kuhnti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kuhnti">
<emphasis id="B619B090F722DEA2149597052F9321C9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. kuhnti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was a member of the genus
<taxonomicName id="3A4A772244AE01A0EEF0368B32A467CA" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="18D17642D6ADB0DF7959920C2599C799" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Herein, we consider
<taxonomicName id="C4B7CC8064DD63F45E90FD151DEFED14" authorityName="Ohaus" authorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Heteropelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteropelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5DE4378096E2847130A2D566A8A7716" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Heteropelidnota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a new
<emphasis id="9321EC649AD1D2AB6148BCF349D89FA9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">junior synonym</emphasis>
of
<taxonomicName id="D81F1D9F45E02E1BB4EA300331ADB5BF" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1B2D65EAD2AB09F15AFEB296E84E2197" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Lacking certainty of the species association due to the extreme deformities, we retain the species name and transfer the species to the genus
<taxonomicName id="7A025BC3FC318FA72855A2936FC38395" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F1741A54885A5E62CF72A7D436C7D0E4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink