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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="21024" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.53324" ID-GBIF-Dataset="646a4508-f28c-4997-bf57-c127708cceb1" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-0743-2-527" ID-Pensoft-UUID="00D809A74AD956909E0CB2B2DF729162" ID-ZooBank="F79B0B2D728D4A3DB3C306A1C3405F00" ModsDocID="1860-0743-2-527" checkinTime="1599019464867" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Voncina, Katarzyna, Kristensen, Reinhardt M. &amp; Gasiorek, Piotr" docDate="2020" docId="9C5B4D9A664A5BEB8BEFEEB1E02ED71D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZoosystEvol 96(2): 527-536" docOrigin="Zoosystematics and Evolution 96 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.53324" docTitle="Pseudechiniscus asper Abe, Utsugi &amp; Takeda 1998" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="00D809A74AD956909E0CB2B2DF729162" lastPageNumber="527" masterDocId="00D809A74AD956909E0CB2B2DF729162" masterDocTitle="Pseudechiniscus in Japan: re-description of Pseudechiniscus asper Abe et al., 1998 and description of Pseudechiniscus shintai sp. nov." masterLastPageNumber="536" masterPageNumber="527" pageNumber="527" updateTime="1732838506244" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="7DF0D75E677169B5AB7DCB60483ACC52">Pseudechiniscus in Japan: re-description of Pseudechiniscus asper Abe et al., 1998 and description of Pseudechiniscus shintai sp. nov.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4B96E2BB8D5F74E0F58EDBD8E375A4CB">Voncina, Katarzyna</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="40C7768D12B3CD99600E521317490B11">Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30 - 387 Krakow, Poland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D1E5002E1849F3AEB8783D347C9A7131">Kristensen, Reinhardt M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3BE489C238132B0B2679A4F7E2D02CC7">Section for Biosystematics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, Copenhagen O DK- 2100, Denmark</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AD1082DE55271F46C6FE7B5480D0E003">Gasiorek, Piotr</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A5D4A7C799B652763948F3A2AFDD5175">Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30 - 387 Krakow, Poland</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="9C5B4D9A664A5BEB8BEFEEB1E02ED71D" ID-GBIF-Taxon="167407537" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9C5B4D9A664A5BEB8BEFEEB1E02ED71D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9C5B4D9A664A5BEB8BEFEEB1E02ED71D" lastPageNumber="527" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" scope_class="Heterotardigrada" scope_family="Echiniscidae" scope_order="Echiniscoidea" scope_phylum="Tardigrada">
<subSubSection id="CCEC43ED234A1A26D4B0BB1FBAA8DF5F" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="189E5AF9D29922F0C6C8198A1924C85B" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<taxonomicName id="55400989C7DAF8B208F384658025A3C8" ID-CoL="4NLZG" LSID="9C5B4D9A-664A-5BEB-8BEF-EEB1E02ED71D" authority="Abe, Utsugi &amp; Takeda, 1998" authorityName="Abe, Utsugi &amp; Takeda" authorityYear="1998" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Pseudechiniscus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudechiniscus asper" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="asper">Pseudechiniscus asper Abe, Utsugi &amp; Takeda, 1998</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="3FE1E8CDA048138B2986FDE577A63140" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Pseudechiniscus asper (PCM): A, B - females; C - male hologenophore. Insert shows claws III. Arrowheads indicate thickenings at the lateral positions C and D. List of abbreviations: c - caudal plate, cA - cirrus A, ce - cirrus externus, ci - cirrus internus, cp - cephalic plate, m 1 - 3 - median plates, ps - pseudosegmental plate IV', sI-II - paired segmental plates, sc - scapular plate. Scale bars: in μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447880" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Figures 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="85182587F1DBFF4D047EF62A4989B964" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Sculpturing of Pseudechiniscus asper (PCM): A - dorsal; B - ventral. White arrowheads indicate thickenings at the lateral positions C and D, black arrowheads indicate claw spurs and empty arrows indicate papillae IV. Scale bars: in μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447881" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">, 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="71DEA863048D8DF2779B6319C74175D7" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Schematic drawings of ventral sculpturing patterns: A - Pseudechiniscus asper; B - Pseudechiniscus shintai sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447884" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">, 5A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="497CEF480BF7A89BE44D52DA12DEAFC6" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Measurements [in µm] of selected morphological structures of mature females of Pseudechiniscus asper mounted in Hoyer's medium (N - number of specimens / structures measured, RANGE refers to the smallest and the largest structure amongst all measured specimens; SD - standard deviation)." pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Tables 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="199A6E7E184C3E75DA6E1F911AEF3B1E" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Measurements [in µm] of selected morphological structures of mature males of Pseudechiniscus asper mounted in Hoyer's medium. Measurements of the holotype taken from Abe et al. (1998)." pageId="0" pageNumber="527">3</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="786864DF73D81DB6373E8F129F3BE5A6" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" type="type material">
<paragraph id="37326DDA984841E354FF6E789C6D129A" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="B414351AD13236520DC7E1472730522E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Locus typicus</emphasis>
and type material.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ACF5655F0328C4D0BEC95BCA9B9209BC" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
ca.
<geoCoordinate id="4120E89F3CFE703F501B7C0509830A86" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="42.766666">42°46'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="01740FFFCC1A9B5BD8C01AFD918A9AFB" degrees="141" direction="east" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="141.4">141°24'E</geoCoordinate>
, 250 m a.s.l.; vicinity of the Lake Shikotsu (Chitose, South-western Hokkaido, Japan); foliose lichen
<taxonomicName id="8E18BCC7CEAAD47ED5A297F2CBA12A1F" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Physciaceae" genus="Phaeophyscia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Phaeophyscia imbricata" order="Caliciales" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="imbricata">
<emphasis id="46E4AA35C6234A3D31B1EF5932AE96AB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Phaeophyscia imbricata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="0611F2FB23A4A3EA409F91C1FB0D9B67" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Physciaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="" order="Caliciales" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="family">Physciaceae</taxonomicName>
) on the trunk of a maple (
<taxonomicName id="B9288D6FD9486D42537D69CEEDB67FA7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acer japonicum" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="japonicum">
<emphasis id="9B6B61709EC8DDA32CB511A784F68297" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Acer japonicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Collector: Kazuo Utsugi. Holotype: adult male on the slide NSMT-Tg 44 deposited in the National Museum of Nature and Science in Tokyo.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="25C43497C9CD74C5BF697A4AEA27B597" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Additional material. Four females on the slides JP.012.01, JP.013.01-2, JP.014.01 and a male on the slide JP.012.04. Hologenophores: JP.012.01, 4, JP.013.02.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8DE2AA01972CCDC02E5BD3E77773B11C" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="717634ABEA4FA64A78A3DFD26B8C8433" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B06895F839D7D191AC93999A0BE2028" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
From Latin
<emphasis id="0598A5AA1EAE112675AE5DA51F3AF826" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">asper</emphasis>
= rough, referring to the irregular surface of dorsal plates. Adjective in the nominative singular.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B236053F15BAA4D8F072BDD73F7210FC" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" type="description">
<paragraph id="210FB701EA9E4776D8AB4C8DE1D59FF6" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B62B06809237D650C709668853F356DA" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
Mature females (i.e. from the third instar onwards; measurements in Table
<tableCitation id="8FF97012673B6A4030CCD966C73B7251" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Measurements [in µm] of selected morphological structures of mature females of Pseudechiniscus asper mounted in Hoyer's medium (N - number of specimens / structures measured, RANGE refers to the smallest and the largest structure amongst all measured specimens; SD - standard deviation)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/CAF7EE59E561063B04E87FC34333034D" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" tableUuid="CAF7EE59E561063B04E87FC34333034D">2</tableCitation>
). Body dark orange, with round black eyes present or dissolving soon after mounting (Fig.
<figureCitation id="1C347ED779D11177B8AC01B9D1B23F3F" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Pseudechiniscus asper (PCM): A, B - females; C - male hologenophore. Insert shows claws III. Arrowheads indicate thickenings at the lateral positions C and D. List of abbreviations: c - caudal plate, cA - cirrus A, ce - cirrus externus, ci - cirrus internus, cp - cephalic plate, m 1 - 3 - median plates, ps - pseudosegmental plate IV', sI-II - paired segmental plates, sc - scapular plate. Scale bars: in μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447880" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">1A, B</figureCitation>
). Member of the
<taxonomicName id="2D9FDA32573F2283D3FC18590FBDA0AD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="suillus-facettalis" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suillus-facettalis">
<emphasis id="05EA054A897D08BBC41BA0E84D7112E0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">suillus-facettalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex: dome-shaped (hemispherical) cephalic papillae (secondary clavae) and minute (primary) clavae; peribuccal cirri with poorly developed cirrophores. Cirrus
<emphasis id="3C49CE6F2EE8F8110FA65091B34D7533" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">A</emphasis>
short, with cirrophore.
</paragraph>
<caption id="9B54C663895FF6AB60414CA79D585598" doi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447880" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph id="3B58198A8A777F2400C0BDCE802CB084" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="9E4ADC21C8019794A31313ABF8E1A010" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Figure 1.</emphasis>
Habitus of
<taxonomicName id="8F1E7801038EFA004D62195FA03419D1" authorityName="Abe, Utsugi &amp; Takeda" authorityYear="1998" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Pseudechiniscus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudechiniscus asper" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="asper">
<emphasis id="6CFE653E51A08ECE519A5380A42C6A49" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Pseudechiniscus asper</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(PCM):
<emphasis id="6BBF24A8CB5A46B1B138F202A1B865DF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">A, B</emphasis>
- females;
<emphasis id="907B5F0E990CA74F1EE1D26C0F0F7E1A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">C</emphasis>
- male hologenophore. Insert shows claws III. Arrowheads indicate thickenings at the lateral positions
<emphasis id="E16E1C40D7C68FA5122D04ED3245B7D8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">C</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="83EEE268A79F5C7E5BDD4C8E3D658169" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">D.</emphasis>
List of abbreviations: c - caudal plate, cA - cirrus
<emphasis id="5A9769D99EC091C2538E3D242A8FFE05" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">A</emphasis>
, ce -
<emphasis id="4828EC020A563528965D08EFB187A926" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">cirrus externus</emphasis>
, ci -
<emphasis id="DE9B7E6806CC3756ED28151165FEA244" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">cirrus internus</emphasis>
, cp - cephalic plate, m1-3 - median plates, ps - pseudosegmental plate
<normalizedToken id="FA4FD5B3239E90E8BFB246B2EC1DA071" originalValue="IV">IV'</normalizedToken>
, sI-II - paired segmental plates, sc - scapular plate. Scale bars: in
<normalizedToken id="480272CEC6B571133281D2D2E70E5830" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="CAF7EE59E561063B04E87FC34333034D" ID-Table-UUID="CAF7EE59E561063B04E87FC34333034D" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/CAF7EE59E561063B04E87FC34333034D" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" start="Table 2" startId="T2">
<paragraph id="ADC698B9095EB1323FC90BB3E7E8D74C" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="1959B4FD8FBF70243050FB8618A0DE33" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Table 2.</emphasis>
Measurements [in
<normalizedToken id="D8FA77C86F58089392B21887C97FAB0E" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
] of selected morphological structures of mature females of
<taxonomicName id="C1B2F30272B67CF7897F144D0DF7FD9E" authorityName="Abe, Utsugi &amp; Takeda" authorityYear="1998" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Pseudechiniscus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudechiniscus asper" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="asper">
<emphasis id="511F4B37E38A13083BE0807BEDB7E988" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Pseudechiniscus asper</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
mounted in
<normalizedToken id="1E905AA898095A0C89E274A8D7D78648" originalValue="Hoyers">Hoyer's</normalizedToken>
medium (N - number of specimens/structures measured, RANGE refers to the smallest and the largest structure amongst all measured specimens; SD - standard deviation).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="245CDCD81B82239D3257171AA8C7D97E" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<table id="75373C002D7513A1069BA825EEE16CF7" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<tr id="BE9A7DAFFEC359FAB038BC79F29385E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<th id="FD5C87389B61E4EE356155183C8652D9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="2">CHARACTER</th>
<th id="4639BFC20146EE72274A1737BCEC01E2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="2">N</th>
<th id="38645961EC4D679BCD32C4EB6FF678A6" colspan="6" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">RANGE</th>
<th id="4494D45A7006A24F9E32708EA316BDC4" colspan="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">MEAN</th>
<th id="5515121CE813667917062497AC808471" colspan="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">SD</th>
</tr>
<tr id="DB81AF01DCFF7000A4F03EB149C7D567" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<th id="81949F162BE05A75F952A60A470FFEB3" colspan="3" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<normalizedToken id="1507A1FD787C77FDFACC45DE97E7B403" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
</th>
<th id="28EB7BA6775CF2932BF14A1E0C72DB29" colspan="3" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="DBA9484368D801062BE7046EF3A61187" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">sp</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="CE3CB77790F2E52021C80CE8D3FC2296" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<normalizedToken id="F0A43F9C8F80827F2F7668AEC1129CB1" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
</th>
<th id="98DB207CC68FC1688F7CADE70738FCCE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="5D626884BC058F242CC9CA2045F7534B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">sp</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="A4A81B7622502958B99D13DF1E822514" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<normalizedToken id="B4AA9A8A390F43BAB3ABE63CB63BCAB3" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
</th>
<th id="5C80D13F1A4542D341888A52755EB90E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="85EAC601E423463F95FAEEEE72EBD217" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">sp</emphasis>
</th>
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<tr id="D1413CCCB61C525E173A6A0C7DDB0616" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="9C56DDAA6294DFD13E1D83516668F211" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Body length</td>
<td id="84CBC128FF3B212BBAFFE786B2837C8B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td id="072644A70E47D91E688332F20F6276B2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">178</td>
<td id="715D141EC3673605C30D1C53492BB436" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="C5E60F18DE443D1E1018EA0CCDA620C4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">203</td>
<td id="0A88D0153C90733AE2BD102EAB2D716C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="E464A6A1B613BBA8351B335F314DCF94" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">712</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="5115C5B50D28D9B2E07E91D8D4BF4222" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="C2C34153BE969BE4D86000F5BCB8A902" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="E38C375543C37BF82EAF43086BC3D641" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">810</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="CAB328EBEAA4692B91F8767D4A82AF4C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">191</td>
<td id="7C5A1B48BEF18638A856C47077274824" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="22CD8F672070DF6364454241207D9984" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">761</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="8EA0C1FA8A6B803032C42EDADFBFCA51" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">18</td>
<td id="3116EDE7C0ABDBC6AC6251A2F8B103CB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="F2A97CDF0E742E144513465323A46F63" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">70</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FD9E2AF08473572650FDEE3689614C29" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="D2FB23382A8BB56896901470E5210127" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Scapular plate length</td>
<td id="C64D04F4EAFEAE9B909290705513B130" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td id="4B1591AD9457EAD07506D69F3E141BF0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">25.0</td>
<td id="54CB7E38B00FBFAE1003F4E2CB978742" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="68C981BA13E0EDCC83EB6D9600E2031B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">25.1</td>
<td id="E7924709042D9CF20A9C410F051F9993" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="814355EF76057773E577BACC4FE6E3CD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="BF2463497F99E015C47744D5A0470BDD" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="0AAAB8034E3781180E97990F34667ADD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">25.1</td>
<td id="A05E884E0912DE63A04825678C3A51CA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="6B6F25C0E07E27E9C6C95D271E0E52F8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">0.1</td>
<td id="DCFAF012295544BD7985FEDCC7C1110F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7037C9BECCBAF28014DC0B9173EC0FFA" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="B3299EBA8464E00623FB49565E6B033A" colspan="12" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Head appendages lengths</td>
</tr>
<tr id="59703CF6542DDD6B1995B04E9FF37C75" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="155D5775719096FD31C10EB92CAD2C3C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
Cirrus
<emphasis id="B1820E225248D39F193285C13E014E6F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">internus</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="2B2EBDA7EB49DA9660943DF2340AFA9C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">3</td>
<td id="5CB22BFC41B977EB34D6D7A85765D857" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">9.2</td>
<td id="1C635F6D4FAD11C14F8FA8DF88412665" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="93988F46E6C2645A94DACF28D3F31B2A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">11.4</td>
<td id="F72AA672AAE5C5A25E5179BB1E7763C8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="B943C1AC77D34480050094E2898DEECD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">42.0</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="C264EC1D84389340D6802D2C076F3E6D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="3E021E7B5D626FCF438976319342359A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="0D222E0E66F027AFC0B15DDADDC4B27F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">45.4</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="FFCBEA28E20EE8CB842DFA64D8DF5028" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">10.4</td>
<td id="8C401FF29FFACB9D05B8EEA1711B5866" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="D94B9DAB6C05E640E8021522F0134638" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">43.7</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="972297A7E9494368BD546057F76F3838" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">1.1</td>
<td id="509602B418AB4B65EB37E2D0C00C59E8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="949F90BAFC080895CB4C601F4D4999DB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">2.4</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="967FFDADD387B3F709BF9C1790A1FA0C" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="A9004433428121C72BDFDB590E1166E4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Cephalic papilla</td>
<td id="479022924172F9471BDBAD786DF548C5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">3</td>
<td id="363511BC22D71E2890A9261E8D51F31A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">3.5</td>
<td id="9FAB71A1190D55372B8C1FF709AEAB40" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="FF1D37139B75F93E2EDC0159FA0D40BE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">4.7</td>
<td id="1149D8D9C17B8835C3E1BFDA829C17B8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="FF0292D72A4FEC43DFEF8D683511157C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">13.9</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="7163574E505BA721FB30AE77BBF716A0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="462AEFA837DB71E0F59F766023497513" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="28FADF53400A7629B9354C1D2D15AC07" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">18.8</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="6C9694977ED9016B625CE6D6851E56B1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">4.1</td>
<td id="1D4454757726759EFA0AA70B52A79E2D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="6BE517EF29D5468D17230E439BD7AA08" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">16.4</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="3F8242517A5805B90F11DC822A7BCE4D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">0.6</td>
<td id="F152B1519F75DA65B7A6480325F9010A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="F5722931E162464F1EB518E562C498A0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">3.4</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="78E0881E3686C31A05F22FD77BB0736A" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="CB6C7D8B686C9786641923EA25E07087" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
Cirrus
<emphasis id="C2A7BB3F4ACC3EE3A661310ED43C90C2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">externus</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="211DB74C369BE070EFA8A5EDABA72DF9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">3</td>
<td id="73411F386B9E9F801D035D30FD5F7676" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">14.8</td>
<td id="C1ED0DF832E800A3E9839346F93EC119" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="F05FEF969D3C3B2B2560974E0DD15E49" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">19.4</td>
<td id="9A02BE9E804011C396DD6ABF786A4106" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="CA83F0ABE5F2B7FDC59E60D9DBB73AA2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">59.2</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="F8ECF8A579DF5DFFA33334164F6C8ADD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="44D8BEA39FF436C2BE16D511401F358C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="12EFCE65C8F930806E6D6B9DA25CE5EF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">77.3</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="CC3846E9490A2246363CA00E70822765" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">16.6</td>
<td id="B1FDC6966CA1E4D160E047E2270D622B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="6E4AA8E4C8FCA816C7FCFE51F7435A41" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">68.2</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="4743EB9BCCF8DA3786360672B472E5BD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">2.5</td>
<td id="A1CEFB0367B81FB04A6B11F614382F06" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="CE68759632972FFFF0362CB2B6841EE0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">12.8</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F108B122EC4DE52AFCED1A708E397933" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="336D6C573B4B6FC0A27AE9C5AFB7CEE7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Clava</td>
<td id="574EA1409DA16C53F3AF5BDF3EACA664" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">3</td>
<td id="2C2ADE1B250A8A8C07F8068D30E52370" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">4.3</td>
<td id="62C1E38B1DE4913CE68EC2F5E0170685" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="B6778823082ECE21338410B8F0C512DB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">5.9</td>
<td id="6B1F0ABC59D86B3FC3629275E8BEC9BD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="ABF50E1A59FCB6FE6C21ADEDEBE6F0E7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">17.2</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="6EC471CD04CE2773A4ABA7417A388904" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="1C7E1D55505EC47BC64943FFB62EB089" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="66C79BFD5A6DAF9C0D9D1FFDAF126E7C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">20.3</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="603418E2FFF8B3CBCB07633E66D587F8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">5.1</td>
<td id="2340E42D1F3F22868C9C754BCF71526D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="123A2B6D4D69C6F36E089FD9C7F4EBEA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">18.8</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="00AEF88F18FD62DB25104F9135BC6202" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">0.8</td>
<td id="650CDBF80AE3FCBFD37DC754B2861706" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="0787DFA677A3416821A5A75DEC4424B5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">2.2</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="817E826ADAFF5E9AA6EF9F0FBFFA928D" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="46E2839FE84607DA2FECFD564CF7F56D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
Cirrus
<emphasis id="E15F38EEB1D2C96B03F398E8BA44752F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">A</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="7B5100FD4AAE68EFE65CB6C82C114457" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">3</td>
<td id="D6BC27280D4BD65A31BC2AE873734D20" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">24.1</td>
<td id="52D5359442B71B1515C2EBBB56D43668" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="B0CE443F3DD5C88DB29CB710EDC9EA54" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">30.8</td>
<td id="DEFC4CE01E71A284870633A56F45779F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="2F84ECB8583BA4DE685D3029FD597DF9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">96.4</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="062046A9CA070FC906633DAE6DEB54EF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="36B8E929A9D0D879CE8BE8BBCC2AC423" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="04CEB4FECA6AB7C6DCFA4187529272EC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">122.7</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="F206C2BCC7DB137D8B953909E9DA2CA3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">27.3</td>
<td id="50492E8677C02A2419C895D9CD12B61C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="DA41828893483C83D9DBE929CFCB3823" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">109.6</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="6B393220F096EB3A4B07F93EE71D3205" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">3.4</td>
<td id="4D9838BEC99FA224899C8C2E02CE7E64" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="7D7E78DC7ED7B66988EC5ADCF80A33F0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">18.6</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AB50E8ABFC39CF6B9CCB39653B5412BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="C01DF34567854DEEF2D12F886BAEBE59" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
Cirrus
<emphasis id="2433B68C06BDA83FBDC250A83D263BCA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">A</emphasis>
/Body length ratio
</td>
<td id="0E5EEEFF5E3A1D21FFB6A08525310A1E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td id="B09374355DE4B2C411E336C3479DB348" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">14%</td>
<td id="2D0721BB1569322C433620D286E9E251" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="DCFBE991CF79B2A6291036EB475FE332" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">15%</td>
<td id="98B8967EA464543D87D3360E683AEFD4" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="5E8075F18CA4FB620B16F65232A4D50B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="EC74BA39BC293B1D5FAF81EF82794994" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="9FB8E73197781E80A3EC26C438F7C858" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">14%</td>
<td id="314904BDE3EF2D488CA059511DD7DE87" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="B756A3B1ECC0DAC00FE4655FAF81A554" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">1%</td>
<td id="A818FAF936768973E0B275D207468E55" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="796384210315713788B7725AE2D8C0D9" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="DE8787935924008A78058F07187005BA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Papilla on leg IV length</td>
<td id="9424FA247839C56CF47B2EE83751A676" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">4</td>
<td id="2017E6D2A5D9851A6D14E847DAA4B39A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">3.0</td>
<td id="E99F60C205B1ED5957760E2540D2DDC2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="945AA2DEC0913538685D20010DD46BC9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">3.6</td>
<td id="96C593B215A41671A9DBE61CBB2FDFDA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="9B4F5D5211C5C3D9AC6DCDB11C8A8C88" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">12.0</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="593F2A789103E488D26A4DE58C07B21B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="38E46322DE96269A7F53BB60C5EBBBB5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="44E3F455BFF1AFC0C6F4F5CF3724DB07" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">13.9</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="A09747D8F7AE8D021275C7C086BD90AD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">3.4</td>
<td id="F9C8920A556E465F13BDA6A26E61A66C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="3240052137FBE63549C7BDD28A68BFEA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">13.0</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="CBFE4A74FF48179C4ACDD4F7A615EDAC" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">0.3</td>
<td id="78FE5BAF4C157A1B036BAF2B2D089D4A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="8DF176F71350EC621C1CF5A0D700D94B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">1.4</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FD4672737B7F5AF9C0B09DC757790A10" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="EE6724BE32D3930217A40027D6BB50A8" colspan="12" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Claw 1 heights</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FB14F1256C9DB485D176826E3E6B239A" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="9B28C7D1FD5522E25A5BCC5FEFB10CE7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Branch</td>
<td id="4D4A13251C6F3D6562FAFCB24D7C47CB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">4</td>
<td id="99471D002B94BD14A70C3808A1928418" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">8.8</td>
<td id="1F246FAB831C502A1303397F47504422" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="84129799ABCBEEEBAC19418EB35A218C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">10.7</td>
<td id="34E1744F9E3170B7E86FDD3DE3B1C48E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="A3A1F80398381B81771884D2FFCB805F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">40.2</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="DC7DCEE6D9AF4324D22DFE8B74B656F3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="0C0DE81720EE912D5760C70DA5739D35" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="D7A243AE10DA39110D937E875BE99860" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">40.4</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="364EBA64C1E22FF4B0727EC7833C3430" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">9.9</td>
<td id="CFAEACD19FC97A6A151C4BB1586D60FD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="C3B3A9345E42C5E57D4884DF2A72C010" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">40.3</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="24E820403EC1CEA7F8895C5BF73903A9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">0.8</td>
<td id="5D0732711A08867785885BACAF58CF95" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="29CE78D5A0488B773F666DB7AE40F651" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">0.1</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DE5A6D560ADF41C8859AB92B013EA609" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="1B93BFDD0B0ECDE6B6F3D46C6BAF77F8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Spur</td>
<td id="406476FC193B40E3CAA44146B31B5C01" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">4</td>
<td id="68B833E0688582F4CC72EBCBA2290971" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">1.2</td>
<td id="F09952B6AAC5EBEC036C9D305DA6F556" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="16CDE9D1814E04A054D6F08F1B02CDD2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">1.8</td>
<td id="88D9DB3EEEFD9F4847165CD003FF2150" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="5852458260645065E2DB543717862796" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">4.8</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="17C7A1BFE72E54B492CE4F4423CC9A01" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="A3C6C67716061C330C7CD5F18A402777" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="6AC1D7A9829605553F513F7759EC57DA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">6.4</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="DCCCE606536D4ED140D1EE1D7147A1FB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">1.6</td>
<td id="0A80A06467E2E9B82F6041CBC49C0E6F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="607E03D09842A0BA0F53595A9A8900B1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">5.6</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="DB5967CA44E1FCC6B80FFFD58C2EA776" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">0.3</td>
<td id="05E39D8CEAD76A6C017BD0335B232429" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="92241A7EBD8466AF83FEAF323B3CB0EE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">1.1</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="63814F225428E52D67D2385C02B7EB9A" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="6EC55D19531FB4C8F273A069CF62F388" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Spur/branch length ratio</td>
<td id="EB225822989C6340BB59DC7B13C7373E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">3</td>
<td id="ED5B1F21DCE9035BB35A92E8AB7DA63A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">12%</td>
<td id="ACABA38BE68B4493745C77948A177A66" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="5F1226DD6ACC7E6BA12A3B11D46BF40B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">20%</td>
<td id="D1268EE2738CACDA77A620FCB80D323A" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="9B9772F9AB68DE7119A5A75A2150C90E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="1EE9EDA3417E40287B1D65E5841AD632" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="3C368EFF2E6EC605568D718648621B98" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">16%</td>
<td id="17E0060684606AF202BB1D7F0F271746" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="119337A51C2B2583872BE8ECF13426A6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">4%</td>
<td id="82FE841161E3FA8AD6F2C4AB0D0482C8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C513EBE93B68099FABC6A2D5358B4A74" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="71D3A00603C80B13156F6E4557D8DE00" colspan="12" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Claw 2 heights</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D6DB480E5E8279ED73F81DF139AE884F" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="1342F52435FE8FDF3D4594FD879FCF6C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Branch</td>
<td id="697D475C90CD4C60A0ED65D8C545CE96" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">3</td>
<td id="E45BC5B30982FB4AD77B5BC796A0AAC4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">8.5</td>
<td id="8C47C9C39D3612BAAC7CE3A805B489EF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="1063A9723509CB039CF709E1DBF074A5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">9.8</td>
<td id="F535FA4AC72F86F4B62FC8B1E2FC30B4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="10EDE34C2C67FDCC3ADACF69E4F372F8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">38.0</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="5B837353CEDA1B93F727C0369023BD8F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="DF2BDB6D27C3B7AF16371F89F6E5DF08" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="E3EE3DB5997694F93DEBD545401B4E4C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">39.0</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="47577A9E938399A2B02E2D3841678E52" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">9.3</td>
<td id="4F8C07A8171BD0A53312B99D28325BE3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="2F416400A20691A58B6F578D0B0AA702" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">38.5</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="DE5230843EAD1F6767DADAB238FF40AE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">0.7</td>
<td id="E1064A18F81F2850B41F92A560E9B527" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="1637865C3918D78D6F9CF1B936DE01DA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">0.7</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AAE6DC28AD5390D84B1F1A231239B5A0" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="E000D25E14D503FB852AFBCF1AE69106" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Spur</td>
<td id="654408EA18DB0083B5BEFA3C00EDEBB1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">3</td>
<td id="AAAD91189AAB55427D0DC737E566FB1F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">1.2</td>
<td id="AFBF938F246B129852C23C5C104D965B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="868E73851CBAB9A105A782A14AE73965" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">1.4</td>
<td id="F67E381E1DBC3DBAD5E7C45F3AA2DA5B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="68F585F058C44100763BFB93E4B399AC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">4.8</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="9091DC223FDB9FBDAAAE2B5B96D475E3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="099019B0C6C231DDADD778D8CDDDF2CD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="888288AE6D3DA4EDFFA4250157211309" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">5.2</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="0A6DCEB4ECB6742EC3265E0FD5CF1A4D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">1.3</td>
<td id="E0032AB2D3924FCB5AF93C9009C04DE5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="5B9459E390C2B73686200547B15E5039" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">5.0</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="5FC456A57264263AD98DF65FA4A1C366" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">0.1</td>
<td id="0B52E553E289F74E14A27BAED3599630" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="44668C87BD7109247956A2F4251BBDD9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">0.3</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F425274EF4CB48A002E80E5DD5AA26A9" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="599EB932D3D17B90102D70BACCAB5429" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Spur/branch length ratio</td>
<td id="F9428D32204D0BDFD8F0D42D9BF08169" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">3</td>
<td id="5470F1FF04DC1E2DCFFE894143B610CA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">13%</td>
<td id="C2D117202900F1E5E5B9A1A698A0C22A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="7D94A7C69BD36454796047142B487563" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">16%</td>
<td id="2ABBC1833E6E7351A96913FFDDAC3680" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="FD01CE262B51C7789D8BD12AE6DFF021" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="CB2799663069A111575FA03AE1AD67E3" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="5795B42DD179FE1190B8A8E2A73417C8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">14%</td>
<td id="5F9CD8A3710172E63119D346228E0EFB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="EFE68B4E2DF3FAF2EDE0F79AFF0E436E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">2%</td>
<td id="E9BCA6E4BCBFF8D9BB0F30410EC0A51A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9B3BD9A902A1BA1DCCDFA8D18B12D2F6" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="CAAE5C74821D14A20C6559CADDEE88E6" colspan="12" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Claw 3 heights</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9B9A54ADB82120060C049DEA759DBD32" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="422963ED6147A008BA877366423AEB42" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Branch</td>
<td id="9010E10A3F0F70484DF78877DF9D38C3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td id="041F17B35D25253021AAE7FA1AF4F95E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">9.2</td>
<td id="2C07B4F5070820D08D0D381D777494A9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="D6113841969C8DE70B2D025691E2F905" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">10.1</td>
<td id="C6D0D9C9047B0E8064FD6910C6D99586" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="6506D856AB206ED2F2E104DE4C034C1B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">36.8</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="144989EEFE31583F73FA601A00BFEC97" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="C521DBE30F83D3A86C35AD3796D8904D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="97A928239BA56580742DE13C58459D5F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">40.2</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="4BE666E40009B14668435118BB314FFA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">9.7</td>
<td id="A170CD0FED16DD42EE994DE329A0670C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="B613D8F5DEC062CF5DC30123DE82F94C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">38.5</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="E97CA83166679279A85FF7B07E108685" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">0.6</td>
<td id="CA2F32D01920D6B093E65ED91BB41087" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="1642B11B85B6AAF52B68F4D3B3DC6635" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">2.4</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E8AD0291EDE7509F110A12A1BC83D28A" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="C22566059EC585B90B6F02FA5347108A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Spur</td>
<td id="3AC133D4AC3FE58AEE620EDDBC58BC86" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td id="CFFD94B6842025C5C87745D659957A20" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">1.0</td>
<td id="70C960A44529167F11710D20FDACADEB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="1FB56ABF070326586F9BEE33830AF8AB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">1.8</td>
<td id="416D804648282F858C74F266DAEE9980" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="F4184A06870E7DA05B4B16A45CF57B89" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">4.0</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="1A5110C8A42F4F6826B10772FBECFABD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="9ABA1EAC0AB392E2B3E662BF28BB5B16" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="B3781878C5DA3D7BCD9E323398C0844A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">7.2</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="2708334699706D1991BE2DF8D8E5D3A4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">1.4</td>
<td id="76439C1DEBE3724DEFFC9D449343BCBF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="517EC060D0C8FF01E17A5703B1348136" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">5.6</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="E91B6710CAE2F85403C87A7D10027E8E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">0.6</td>
<td id="CBFEB464ED01D5996BE3F4D052BA70E5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="90B64224D9490987B81CCD9877B7902B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">2.2</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9C4B70C9BEA9AE22A20C82203CF49CFD" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="F808F661DCAC8EF393E76BEF0A45C95B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Spur/branch length ratio</td>
<td id="4DAB799B45D9B8830EE64CA10CECE8CE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td id="CFD6B898914BE73D02969E426C3F7AC3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">11%</td>
<td id="0AAB5453EC438B298F3834AD0357F12D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="56E9DAC484D8991E0F9811A2D7E70CA7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">18%</td>
<td id="F003130B96FE0D5FB0F20A939AC446B3" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="7BECE0487D90D6CE51CB045FDABD09D8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="29AA48FB091ADD11DAEC167436C2E6A3" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="69E551F70688F768C7C9DC15C8870BDF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">14%</td>
<td id="AAFD65544FF7F5081E0C97BC3512078C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="705CEEF5FA4C4B3CA61C91CD4CEA3D54" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">5%</td>
<td id="931AB16A325D989CD0C34926E9D98E9F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="781F176F24B6F01C5855A129C477676F" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="8E566F32DB5CC9D255FC36594FDBC2B6" colspan="12" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Claw 4 heights</td>
</tr>
<tr id="75AA8E2355128A96360867AD464BBFC7" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="C5D5D51339F3CEFAB067701A75B11210" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Branch</td>
<td id="8A39EDBB79810928ACA92118872AEB4B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td id="2E52E412CE6C8CB4C32B6C0AF10DFFC3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">11.6</td>
<td id="C4786EFE9CA5D663DF53EDD3FF22EB6C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="46FC5547DE93B97560F91D05E0FE8DDF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">11.6</td>
<td id="B1D9DCD7DE861F05FD689071FAAEEA7B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="99821BB0499B2F758A8711084832B944" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">46.2</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="318DD32BC1CB1108D124CF4780621C39" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="8C3C375474D5E21B7D6D21B4C849DC35" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="3A25A589662A38A14708A714341727A3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">46.2</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="577FD6B30A263BD474648462071F0C90" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">11.6</td>
<td id="82D28AA889226037EF2BBBBEA09DCEE5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="2F0E039C8140E96639EE46C84722CAC9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">46.2</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="414BE9BB65F4984BB977B42790F1CA8E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">0.0</td>
<td id="F0B35841ACA357B0EE5D8537FBA9968F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">?</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6D58E6A0CDEA4C556DBE6E1161F80CF1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="E8FA79B0C35E68E7A241E76C624F3E29" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Spur</td>
<td id="3AFE89D511D78999A0BE371675B9E2B9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td id="7F15549BA0972638A63830F06A55FD86" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">2.0</td>
<td id="BC57214E95E0DCE7270077B93120A5B6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="D8DA596D31D172F1B125F2137301C202" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">2.0</td>
<td id="DBFEB716288B6C5846A17D862D46F6DB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="C7F034BD4D03060E3DC8A676AA0B27DE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">8.0</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="2133BACC760B31FA28FD51498537B46E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="911AC10F67622F43C0B8CE2F1304066C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="EE923AEE30DB7C724D40C65669412170" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">8.0</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="5EA42EEDE5FB2C7597CCCE7480C89FF1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">2.0</td>
<td id="2C7B4AF7C88F1A8FFCD52FE860C8F33A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="6EFBA051011114AED3D6A6ED09F2CA34" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">8.0</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="90127359C7F7D6D702BF6994E3973A44" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">0.0</td>
<td id="5063B46173359D7B3DD4C889C150A4CF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">?</td>
</tr>
<tr id="EFEE4842337E280126D41FCC33BC5B30" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="BAD4C0856D2C3FC7387B9AEFBB64B224" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Spur/branch length ratio</td>
<td id="5764843980CA3B692DDE857BA0E68CFB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td id="D8FAB3CE879981225F257D85A9DF6811" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">17%</td>
<td id="C97A439200ABBE745F9BE3B19E469166" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="1157E1AEAB5F66870328510596278D51" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">17%</td>
<td id="E47E3DAFD4450BE8D3A5B06753F49C9B" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="A08F310A29D85589E893D6A783DDF898" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="D73F191CC67FA23C063E195594DAA0F8" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="95D06C9A7DC3E8FFE34371E6046A865F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">17%</td>
<td id="58EC3777A2B807D775FF2FD762207419" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="0264B1A26DFB7E19356C19CF048D5A61" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">0%</td>
<td id="94939638E1C482484B6922F3651E8213" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D6639FC8AF47EF9D07886ED5CF1C1D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
Dorsal plates well-sclerotised as for a
<taxonomicName id="DC99FE773FF6AFACD955EABFEEC24B46" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Pseudechiniscus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudechiniscus" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="394DA13FC620456B4B60346108D103E0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Pseudechiniscus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, clearly demarcated from each other, with
<taxonomicName id="37DA4802357BE770EF669AAD23ED0C5B" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Pseudechiniscus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudechiniscus" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0362EE87F12102AA111DBDD0554AE951" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Pseudechiniscus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-type sculpturing, i.e. large endocuticular pillars protruding through the epicuticle and visible as dark dots in PCM (Fig.
<figureCitation id="AA4F886AFDB7B1679DC5ED4CCBE70035" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Sculpturing of Pseudechiniscus asper (PCM): A - dorsal; B - ventral. White arrowheads indicate thickenings at the lateral positions C and D, black arrowheads indicate claw spurs and empty arrows indicate papillae IV. Scale bars: in μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447881" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">2A</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="966C6C06CA21D8541992115D74FB23F6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Striae</emphasis>
absent. The cephalic plate pentapartite, with the anterior bi-halved portion and three posterior portions, roughly equal in size (Fig.
<figureCitation id="67E35064391610390C7AB17015451582" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Pseudechiniscus asper (PCM): A, B - females; C - male hologenophore. Insert shows claws III. Arrowheads indicate thickenings at the lateral positions C and D. List of abbreviations: c - caudal plate, cA - cirrus A, ce - cirrus externus, ci - cirrus internus, cp - cephalic plate, m 1 - 3 - median plates, ps - pseudosegmental plate IV', sI-II - paired segmental plates, sc - scapular plate. Scale bars: in μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447880" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">1A, B</figureCitation>
). The cervical (neck) plate absent. The scapular plate with a transverse suture, separating a broader anterior portion and narrower posterior portion (Figs
<figureCitation id="9E824D878B3F2C7CF8EE24B5DFFCCAFD" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Pseudechiniscus asper (PCM): A, B - females; C - male hologenophore. Insert shows claws III. Arrowheads indicate thickenings at the lateral positions C and D. List of abbreviations: c - caudal plate, cA - cirrus A, ce - cirrus externus, ci - cirrus internus, cp - cephalic plate, m 1 - 3 - median plates, ps - pseudosegmental plate IV', sI-II - paired segmental plates, sc - scapular plate. Scale bars: in μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447880" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">1B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="8E79889D4E57A718C67044313630244D" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Sculpturing of Pseudechiniscus asper (PCM): A - dorsal; B - ventral. White arrowheads indicate thickenings at the lateral positions C and D, black arrowheads indicate claw spurs and empty arrows indicate papillae IV. Scale bars: in μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447881" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">2A</figureCitation>
). Three median plates: m1-2 bipartite, with much reduced, narrow posterior portions, m3 unipartite and large (Fig.
<figureCitation id="8ECFD776207E72FAC4A7573009B7FB95" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Sculpturing of Pseudechiniscus asper (PCM): A - dorsal; B - ventral. White arrowheads indicate thickenings at the lateral positions C and D, black arrowheads indicate claw spurs and empty arrows indicate papillae IV. Scale bars: in μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447881" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">2A</figureCitation>
) with two pairs of lateral intersegmental platelets flanking the borders of m1-2. Two pairs of large segmental plates, their posterior portions exhibiting thickenings at positions
<emphasis id="5A54260B2FE691837E7184684D0EF361" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">C</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="9C9DA686E12B5C212C92BBA4EDB2D808" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">D</emphasis>
- the latter usually more pronounced (Figs
<figureCitation id="92BAC5533EF3E61A29DBD1575290D123" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Pseudechiniscus asper (PCM): A, B - females; C - male hologenophore. Insert shows claws III. Arrowheads indicate thickenings at the lateral positions C and D. List of abbreviations: c - caudal plate, cA - cirrus A, ce - cirrus externus, ci - cirrus internus, cp - cephalic plate, m 1 - 3 - median plates, ps - pseudosegmental plate IV', sI-II - paired segmental plates, sc - scapular plate. Scale bars: in μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447880" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">1A, B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1DBBB424D58F75FD64F7B2731C8DAF07" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Sculpturing of Pseudechiniscus asper (PCM): A - dorsal; B - ventral. White arrowheads indicate thickenings at the lateral positions C and D, black arrowheads indicate claw spurs and empty arrows indicate papillae IV. Scale bars: in μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447881" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">2</figureCitation>
). The pseudosegmental plate
<normalizedToken id="4797E269E4D43DFCE55B7BB0D0F207C7" originalValue="IV">IV'</normalizedToken>
divided by a median longitudinal suture; the posterior margin of the plate with a pair of short triangular projections (Figs
<figureCitation id="A3381FF865D3D9666E332C52F34C57A1" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Pseudechiniscus asper (PCM): A, B - females; C - male hologenophore. Insert shows claws III. Arrowheads indicate thickenings at the lateral positions C and D. List of abbreviations: c - caudal plate, cA - cirrus A, ce - cirrus externus, ci - cirrus internus, cp - cephalic plate, m 1 - 3 - median plates, ps - pseudosegmental plate IV', sI-II - paired segmental plates, sc - scapular plate. Scale bars: in μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447880" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">1A, B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9E6B4F7B6A4E40F269F4C1A27CB4B538" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Sculpturing of Pseudechiniscus asper (PCM): A - dorsal; B - ventral. White arrowheads indicate thickenings at the lateral positions C and D, black arrowheads indicate claw spurs and empty arrows indicate papillae IV. Scale bars: in μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447881" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">2A</figureCitation>
). The caudal (terminal) plate with short incisions that may be sclerotised (compare Fig.
<figureCitation id="D28C786AC29C6598E2A36A8A39D290D5" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Pseudechiniscus asper (PCM): A, B - females; C - male hologenophore. Insert shows claws III. Arrowheads indicate thickenings at the lateral positions C and D. List of abbreviations: c - caudal plate, cA - cirrus A, ce - cirrus externus, ci - cirrus internus, cp - cephalic plate, m 1 - 3 - median plates, ps - pseudosegmental plate IV', sI-II - paired segmental plates, sc - scapular plate. Scale bars: in μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447880" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">1A</figureCitation>
with Fig.
<figureCitation id="A58793C2F886F3D42F51EB8FE81E7171" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Pseudechiniscus asper (PCM): A, B - females; C - male hologenophore. Insert shows claws III. Arrowheads indicate thickenings at the lateral positions C and D. List of abbreviations: c - caudal plate, cA - cirrus A, ce - cirrus externus, ci - cirrus internus, cp - cephalic plate, m 1 - 3 - median plates, ps - pseudosegmental plate IV', sI-II - paired segmental plates, sc - scapular plate. Scale bars: in μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447880" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">1B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="F7BD58E6DBBCB4779DAE5131F00CF0A6" doi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447881" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="483759E07B0E9C3AE658A3E5324AF018" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="D1A8490792B706D40CC54BEDF09AD5D0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Figure 2.</emphasis>
Sculpturing of
<taxonomicName id="981B428ADC63BB8360CAA1D0A207924C" authorityName="Abe, Utsugi &amp; Takeda" authorityYear="1998" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Pseudechiniscus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudechiniscus asper" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="asper">
<emphasis id="6AF3DB840E8149AB7E172CF04FCB1692" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Pseudechiniscus asper</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(PCM):
<emphasis id="0F6B1E38CB9F18126D9FA4B9D7EAAC0D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">A</emphasis>
- dorsal;
<emphasis id="EB535F24CC89E9DBCD6BF7AC54ABF400" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">B</emphasis>
- ventral. White arrowheads indicate thickenings at the lateral positions
<emphasis id="A711C15F7B170E2216B0A2795840E082" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">C</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B6F38BC4D353837241C367646359DC11" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">D</emphasis>
, black arrowheads indicate claw spurs and empty arrows indicate papillae IV. Scale bars: in
<normalizedToken id="C687780EF9D0B19316CFA58981959313" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="54458B62BD10D8A751978B7E9EF67FAF" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
Ventral cuticle with a faint species-specific pattern reaching the lateroventral sides of the body (Figs
<figureCitation id="CD72C3A47E758BDC91B5F60003F970BF" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Sculpturing of Pseudechiniscus asper (PCM): A - dorsal; B - ventral. White arrowheads indicate thickenings at the lateral positions C and D, black arrowheads indicate claw spurs and empty arrows indicate papillae IV. Scale bars: in μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447881" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">2B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="80D2C67AD8294A2D34ECF64AD69F035E" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Schematic drawings of ventral sculpturing patterns: A - Pseudechiniscus asper; B - Pseudechiniscus shintai sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447884" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">5A</figureCitation>
), being a typical reticulum composed of large multiangular, longitudinal shapes connected by belts of pillars. Pillars are particularly poorly visible between legs I and II (Fig.
<figureCitation id="96E9D721E2934583B3BA22BF3472BF0E" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Sculpturing of Pseudechiniscus asper (PCM): A - dorsal; B - ventral. White arrowheads indicate thickenings at the lateral positions C and D, black arrowheads indicate claw spurs and empty arrows indicate papillae IV. Scale bars: in μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447881" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">2B</figureCitation>
). The subcephalic zone with a wide patch of pillars (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A708F355642790BF83661001D7C212BC" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Schematic drawings of ventral sculpturing patterns: A - Pseudechiniscus asper; B - Pseudechiniscus shintai sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447884" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">5A</figureCitation>
). Sexpartite gonopore located anteriorly of legs IV and a trilobed anus between legs IV.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0FB2C018C0AD560701585533DFC05C65" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
Pedal plates and dentate collar IV absent; instead, large patches of pillars are present centrally on each leg (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F21D205BD1F3C60DB82D6F5160BDE7E9" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Pseudechiniscus asper (PCM): A, B - females; C - male hologenophore. Insert shows claws III. Arrowheads indicate thickenings at the lateral positions C and D. List of abbreviations: c - caudal plate, cA - cirrus A, ce - cirrus externus, ci - cirrus internus, cp - cephalic plate, m 1 - 3 - median plates, ps - pseudosegmental plate IV', sI-II - paired segmental plates, sc - scapular plate. Scale bars: in μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447880" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">1A, B</figureCitation>
). Pulvini indistinct. No papilla or spine on leg I visible in PCM, a papilla on leg IV present (Figs
<figureCitation id="6EBAED31F267D27F76839ACEBC38AFD8" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Pseudechiniscus asper (PCM): A, B - females; C - male hologenophore. Insert shows claws III. Arrowheads indicate thickenings at the lateral positions C and D. List of abbreviations: c - caudal plate, cA - cirrus A, ce - cirrus externus, ci - cirrus internus, cp - cephalic plate, m 1 - 3 - median plates, ps - pseudosegmental plate IV', sI-II - paired segmental plates, sc - scapular plate. Scale bars: in μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447880" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">1B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F6ADE04D426D2110098EA7E944AA7A3A" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Sculpturing of Pseudechiniscus asper (PCM): A - dorsal; B - ventral. White arrowheads indicate thickenings at the lateral positions C and D, black arrowheads indicate claw spurs and empty arrows indicate papillae IV. Scale bars: in μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447881" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">2</figureCitation>
). Claws IV higher than claws I-III; internal claws with needle-like spurs positioned at ca. 1/4-1/5 of the claw height (Fig.
<figureCitation id="44784309B99727B5CFE423887D4C62A8" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Pseudechiniscus asper (PCM): A, B - females; C - male hologenophore. Insert shows claws III. Arrowheads indicate thickenings at the lateral positions C and D. List of abbreviations: c - caudal plate, cA - cirrus A, ce - cirrus externus, ci - cirrus internus, cp - cephalic plate, m 1 - 3 - median plates, ps - pseudosegmental plate IV', sI-II - paired segmental plates, sc - scapular plate. Scale bars: in μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447880" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">1A</figureCitation>
, insert).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D4695D2DE4F20E18C316EB815A410234" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
Mature males (i.e. from the second instar onwards; measurements in Table
<tableCitation id="8382F0284C14C35009066A9141D42CF5" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Measurements [in µm] of selected morphological structures of mature males of Pseudechiniscus asper mounted in Hoyer's medium. Measurements of the holotype taken from Abe et al. (1998)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/70A4A9977F2E5B5DE2511336FBD34E61" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" tableUuid="70A4A9977F2E5B5DE2511336FBD34E61">3</tableCitation>
). Smaller than females, with slender body (Fig.
<figureCitation id="51DD448856B3B25A980E457E33C7AC37" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Pseudechiniscus asper (PCM): A, B - females; C - male hologenophore. Insert shows claws III. Arrowheads indicate thickenings at the lateral positions C and D. List of abbreviations: c - caudal plate, cA - cirrus A, ce - cirrus externus, ci - cirrus internus, cp - cephalic plate, m 1 - 3 - median plates, ps - pseudosegmental plate IV', sI-II - paired segmental plates, sc - scapular plate. Scale bars: in μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447880" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">1C</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="C3638A09BBCE9FE5CF5A3E26E9018EDF" genus="Cirri" lsidName="Cirri externi" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rank="species" species="externi">
<emphasis id="23D270D134CEA2FAFB64381B67DB73A3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Cirri externi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
approaching the length of cirri
<emphasis id="58FFEFF501750191B003AAD9D20DBD62" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">A.</emphasis>
Pseudosegmental projections in the form of teeth or wide lobes. Gonopore circular.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="58AEF09545F7B275A39CED25A2BF73E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Juveniles. Unknown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BED82F5B6C1F8B58B2EA94B101C6CC05" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Larvae. Unknown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="38926B7394533A1672CF4F4EFBDBF7DE" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Eggs. Unknown.</paragraph>
<caption id="70A4A9977F2E5B5DE2511336FBD34E61" ID-Table-UUID="70A4A9977F2E5B5DE2511336FBD34E61" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/70A4A9977F2E5B5DE2511336FBD34E61" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" start="Table 3" startId="T3">
<paragraph id="38E96A81E183A6CAA4AFD177E8543267" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="751F5342C48292E5CB8D40FB1FE00DE1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Table 3.</emphasis>
Measurements [in
<normalizedToken id="8F9B500AB3D2FBE4F8CA474B4C4D3DCC" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
] of selected morphological structures of mature males of
<taxonomicName id="E1AFC45F8A1EEE6E70B94171446C1D39" authorityName="Abe, Utsugi &amp; Takeda" authorityYear="1998" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Pseudechiniscus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudechiniscus asper" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="asper">
<emphasis id="0E3D5F98C156523C6BF378C4176E1075" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Pseudechiniscus asper</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
mounted in
<normalizedToken id="B9CC35504FE6B45AE4F9DD4CF72633C7" originalValue="Hoyers">Hoyer's</normalizedToken>
medium. Measurements of the holotype taken from
<bibRefCitation id="3F419D253CCE531936F7D0D3B9D606F9" author="Abe, W" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" pagination="843 - 848" refId="B1" refString="Abe, W, Utsugi, K, Takeda, M, 1998. Pseudechiniscus asper, a new Tardigrada (Heterotardigrada: Echiniscidae) from Hokkaido, Northern Japan. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 111: 843 - 848" title="Pseudechiniscus asper, a new Tardigrada (Heterotardigrada: Echiniscidae) from Hokkaido, Northern Japan." volume="111" year="1998">Abe et al. (1998)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="432186B334E3B8AC5A76570101C640EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<table id="C31DC475AFE38967FC4A67D8958779A3" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<tr id="39A6B0EC3EFF229C1C092DC955C52504" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<th id="90470034424033031EE4C11CF2FF06A8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="2">CHARACTER</th>
<th id="ECBF30FF8EADF713CB86ADF78A178A6D" colspan="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1"></th>
<th id="667E84A115FECBD816FB108BAF1F0B05" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Holotype</th>
</tr>
<tr id="BDB2DD62B0E1DBBB6023EDF367D3D5F6" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<th id="99DD9A896CC35E2C324B92677851383A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<normalizedToken id="7686BB44AD0E171E8B586394D1A8D485" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
</th>
<th id="3FCDFD935142A17D39E461B6AA3E674E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="A4D338296DCAD932AB14595315F57975" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">sp</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="FB2ADBB3C031061FB4667054F9B26F3F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<normalizedToken id="27ED7FDA1ECBA0BF7771C206DAA64874" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="91DBE49D0D6AD104F9DF57347701C797" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="289604B4159ADB947F33D649A2C136E9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Body length</td>
<td id="A650211CA525DF0ED9E42F24B08CE125" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">159</td>
<td id="779931DEE485EAC9FE83725DA663E5AB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="B7F3D200F0FA38747E60B07EF1D8236C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">675</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="AFADD8A4386C56D9955D4A116C25DAC4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">166</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1E0644AC4B03DF63F9C067FAD6E739DE" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="3D8D9DD0D55985C2FA1AD2AC9F60EFA9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Scapular plate length</td>
<td id="6F16AF3C3E4B145F17BEF3DFC28F98A1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">23.5</td>
<td id="FDAD2901F3C1D386F64FCBD4006A380B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="7C634711C9F7EC792B5B084C2913F74E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">?</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D4DB157EF12894C2331B38C132D71496" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="3BF24B2FEDA0318891BD508DF44340EB" colspan="4" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Head appendages lengths</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E7F8FD5CAE872DBAF2D744FDD1B6AD5F" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="92399F695805F14AEAEF9A8C6A1CAE10" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
Cirrus
<emphasis id="83E1DBFB957942D8D92A21BD52D52909" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">internus</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="2C79D56950F2607E4990F9513EEAFE4E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">11.4</td>
<td id="067744D47D2447A1228628CF820A359E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="DCB8C08B3774F6F3DA58CB9BBBFA05B7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">48.5</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="59C92B99E7F2F118EC00D2189D7CB81B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">8.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="285EF1842D4BE987C485D38623C003AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="D2643AAF530450A06C9548A55BF4B7AF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Cephalic papilla</td>
<td id="FA78B6E7C8A2671D4437CC49BC8B77D9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">4.7</td>
<td id="81C8F4FB906D9C4440CCAC5A6633D9B1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="AA9B7F7BE50E3D873F9E2B0B2ABB6A55" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">20.0</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="4E021FF96530E97F29C34D280C430348" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">?</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C975BB5EECD0CB64D81AF7C8037B5C15" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="5F643336E4045F73E0986CDC3FD9F5C6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
Cirrus
<emphasis id="63F29908335363EDB838EB47C0FE547D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">externus</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="B567CA143DDBA591DF3C54891CB3FABB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">14.8</td>
<td id="AE153B1839FB89C21F973F2D813FC124" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="F3B154E7012A93BE3FA8CA7A87F8F4B7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">63.0</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="466B43FCF82FA59BEDABDD1B384B1CDC" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">12.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B83A865E00F968E0127635C0AFA669C2" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="8327D4667FAA1DFB2C6FD9E63F0392DD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Clava</td>
<td id="0B993A4E5CB60CEACDDDFC5172F55C8A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">3.5</td>
<td id="79DE599C960FF4D0DBED69DF6772132E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="BC76D2C261CC2355B615E8BEFCD00943" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">14.9</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="B2E8C8951CC25006FFB6BB34FF9A8D3F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">1.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B71A48693FFBF3116019A4791941DB3B" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="B96C22F4600492142F34635D6BC945BB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
Cirrus
<emphasis id="AA2B6B55C97A68E5AFCF93AF0EEE3020" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">A</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="F90262CCA656E77629EC4CA641747C81" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">19.4</td>
<td id="8987110CB7D7B94BF29C9FBD058FBE02" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="9A092A3B99186E20309750C80B96D7E6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">82.6</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="C0422CF12E9E66B7F74BBD2F4274B0FD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">20.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4D91D3E25F795BE42428ED94218E4A16" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="22CE0FFD74C5B15A446B3A58C404D5A1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
Cirrus
<emphasis id="39F8C123849EC8CAABB1C0B9398965B5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">A</emphasis>
/Body length ratio
</td>
<td id="F23E4CCE1DD9B552CE0323830544650B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">12%</td>
<td id="7920033D0214025CE232B7969F6556B7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="81B7FD0B1BF1BC54CBB149ACF26647AE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">12%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D950BC3A07868CEB4D4320283927F45B" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="4EFC651B736487C59029B8D95758E3D5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Papilla on leg IV length</td>
<td id="D1B3D4AA58B337C21DAB0802C1E5A171" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">3.7</td>
<td id="9F27332D8946984C831EAAFF5154CCD8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="DB7FE3405AADE94FFAD49665E441EFC1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">15.7</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="F07AD69B45A3B7D19E86447D8C7CE804" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">?</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A0C1633529590841DA2A4E621D603BAF" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="D263AC9882844AFA104DA7305673DC37" colspan="4" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Claw 1 heights</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B1C896854E31A699A35766149166B511" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="F494FF3C80B62F12E15F2914CEFCE130" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Branch</td>
<td id="B23AB104F152D3B0A2659FF03A7B8A3D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">?</td>
<td id="7E4E13D95B51296AC323BB79BFA14393" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">?</td>
<td id="2EC8293F9DC2BA3108C953241B4F2A41" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">ca. 9.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FEC7C5B1B30C2D2C6452CFD5E35732A4" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="8C8A4C34F2066F02FE4A90115E24D35B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Spur</td>
<td id="87B269F10A4AFCA2EE324720A72BACAE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">?</td>
<td id="C2F970E4D5F3962C02D58DCE8959E29C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">?</td>
<td id="C2F5FA0E8AF5EAF28B3D38C7ACF09F2A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">?</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D19768AF0EC842AAA229CDCD328199C2" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="147AC16E2F15C34D181D9E3898F88F8F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Spur/branch length ratio</td>
<td id="223109894A8DB638BA76A288D8F25049" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">?</td>
<td id="19270B6385321A92601E2FF7F3C261D9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="48C8EF07FBADE60AD6D1064AD0E444AD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">?</td>
</tr>
<tr id="13FA8E858974906585F6015728C111CA" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="D224CF379DE3E9835E98EF05680B82DD" colspan="4" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Claw 2 heights</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1A4B92514C8BC4BD79F7A7B4EB1073D7" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="120200523D59B7D89AB38C45ACBC94E8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Branch</td>
<td id="102F0C2C615706DF9EA3FA52893F52CE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">11.1</td>
<td id="21EB0C45591FD9A8D1BB1C2D808DF2DB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="C5FD30A94A5B02D4FCAAB7C6F9177F2B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">47.2</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="81AE6F0379D4F38CFC07448FDF8766D4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">ca. 9.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C7FF36345FECF251A73F9DF6A462A529" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="0A7FDCB6159B4E97D0961D1684C9DA47" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Spur</td>
<td id="B1414603E829160F31E2C1AD3FC2FE81" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">0.9</td>
<td id="25B9ACC09A59C3CA2BE9578355C54177" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="1280D86459B57C9F587D32C3347D34DA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">3.8</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="7841468FB72BAF8011B532FF3CEA9A29" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">?</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3E4AF95A02355BA93AF239D8665A09F7" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="7395AD443E2CD1CACA8027825CE93280" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Spur/branch length ratio</td>
<td id="8B343291899480A5CD07BCA55E7B9A92" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">8%</td>
<td id="7D778734377540BEDE1F764AC567AD1B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="DD3C17A40B0A9E075BB695DE243A50E8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">?</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9F3E3E33FE69D1C0EC1C0C6D124A7757" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="874FB1B9BCE479DF48E4EDAD4D11DC05" colspan="4" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Claw 3 heights</td>
</tr>
<tr id="EDD115BF82419EBCA2F764769E76A6D2" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="D5ED476E601542E85E78DFBA0C7EC0B3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Branch</td>
<td id="1B3B53F402D98C4E575A541F33197320" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">10.9</td>
<td id="D3F83E1EF086911459D8FBCE4CF15930" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="E2EDDA5CE2CAF5E7FC1EF3185C7BC0A9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">46.4</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="1AA411754F30D68790CD6E041AB85887" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">ca. 9.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="419ECB8F67BFE4E37C4607E7CD4E71CC" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="BD8B9E5FDEF44603D0C6DB95E9F826A7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Spur</td>
<td id="A9D31AA482137790B7D2A7D779807328" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">?</td>
<td id="A3E23E404D3973CDD97F412D80A1AA2B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">?</td>
<td id="A6072182F4AF5D2EA47CF702519CB821" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">?</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DFDB6F90FF54360614115FE38D6754D9" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="997C9AF576358BDD53563565C7A19C92" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Spur/branch length ratio</td>
<td id="D51D08B9DDA58974676485B534C987CD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">?</td>
<td id="90A89DA1A45E9585DC4D8613866560BE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="3F723259758A7FC34B01BEA71D0CA460" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">?</td>
</tr>
<tr id="525174CAE2B340AE708F1D76047FB46A" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="6A86A5CAAB0A7C37794CBB69C24C5EC3" colspan="4" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Claw 4 heights</td>
</tr>
<tr id="224473E97D734A4E14DAC3A2DBAA8630" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="2BD8ED0C734943D3E222FA991B7D2748" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Branch</td>
<td id="E6B2221AA9CF7588C4A7D7C00DB68C04" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">13.1</td>
<td id="6FCAA0F450BBA5F6BED9019AD983BF61" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="A1335A5F3C5B4E68FF3F418F9FFC39F1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">55.7</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="6AD0E2BF8A25C26BE8A7B1F4C9434F58" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">ca. 11.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6C6F3DB12ED44482FFB1FDF1364C1C06" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="BFD28DEA555531E7D267085921B691B6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Spur</td>
<td id="6F6413EA4E19029920AF3394966FC87A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">1.0</td>
<td id="2C9DDF686EA89608C6CCD22DC70FE95F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="77547885A973282A2D49FCAA3D21DEFC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">4.3</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="8D8A8F2BD64F55BA4BEC26B1CBCD7762" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">?</td>
</tr>
<tr id="295D702A9C1AC9F49F9752B86D8FCA48" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
<td id="494098F7AC5D8B19CD3AB0B2B8EC857D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">Spur/branch length ratio</td>
<td id="FCA544168A095E730E38C977646438DA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">8%</td>
<td id="759D319C649167C5ECDA15DF6603DA56" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="6E3F4054A906FB4849C205CC974D81EA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rowspan="1">?</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="46C1A56ECAEC94A61D6508A06A73CC69" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" type="dna sequences">
<paragraph id="1FA0B1C66EFB089EEB111DCE2A076B8A" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">DNA sequences.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="993D1D239203522E6502D18E709828A6" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Single haplotypes in 18S rRNA (MT645083, 843 bp), 28S rRNA (MT645081, 716 bp) and ITS-1 (MT645085, 631 bp) were obtained.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D0C7C10A7E90CF8153784EE601F30707" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="A86A85FB64215DFF6AF15D7DF3F841C4" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6702072F2B0388245FDAB702212A9874" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
This is the third record of this very rare species, which, in addition to the type locality, has also been found on Mount Taibai, Shaanxi, China (
<bibRefCitation id="41DF1A3FB01FE31730721D113381BD4D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1093.1.2" author="Li, X" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" pagination="25 - 33" refId="B23" refString="Li, X, Wang, L, Liu, Y, Su, L, 2005. A new species and five new records of the family Echiniscidae (Tardigrada) from China. Zootaxa 1093: 25 - 33, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1093.1.2" title="A new species and five new records of the family Echiniscidae (Tardigrada) from China." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1093.1.2" volume="1093" year="2005">Li et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
). In the original description, only one male was found to possess triangular projections, ending with papillate tips, on the pseudosegmental plate (
<bibRefCitation id="7153F93AEC4DCD1E4FA4FDD93218BE6B" author="Abe, W" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" pagination="843 - 848" refId="B1" refString="Abe, W, Utsugi, K, Takeda, M, 1998. Pseudechiniscus asper, a new Tardigrada (Heterotardigrada: Echiniscidae) from Hokkaido, Northern Japan. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 111: 843 - 848" title="Pseudechiniscus asper, a new Tardigrada (Heterotardigrada: Echiniscidae) from Hokkaido, Northern Japan." volume="111" year="1998">Abe et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
). However, the variability in the shape of the pseudosegmental projections has previously been noted (
<bibRefCitation id="070D4715AB08F961161242F660BFF358" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2564.1.2" author="Fontoura, P" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" pagination="31 - 42" refId="B11" refString="Fontoura, P, Pilato, G, Lisi, O, 2010. First record of Tardigrada from Sao Tome (Gulf of Guinea, Western Equatorial Africa) and description of Pseudechiniscus santomensis sp. nov. (Heterotardigrada: Echiniscidae). Zootaxa 2564: 31 - 42, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2564.1.2" title="First record of Tardigrada from Sao Tome (Gulf of Guinea, Western Equatorial Africa) and description of Pseudechiniscus santomensis sp. nov. (Heterotardigrada: Echiniscidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2564.1.2" volume="2564" year="2010">Fontoura et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
), thus the lobate form of these structures in the Chinese and Japanese (Honshu) specimens is not surprising. Moreover,
<bibRefCitation id="DB8687865C83989EA0AA1B446C954F09" author="Abe, W" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" pagination="843 - 848" refId="B1" refString="Abe, W, Utsugi, K, Takeda, M, 1998. Pseudechiniscus asper, a new Tardigrada (Heterotardigrada: Echiniscidae) from Hokkaido, Northern Japan. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 111: 843 - 848" title="Pseudechiniscus asper, a new Tardigrada (Heterotardigrada: Echiniscidae) from Hokkaido, Northern Japan." volume="111" year="1998">Abe et al. (1998)</bibRefCitation>
did not illustrate the complete ventral pattern of this species (most likely because of the quality of the microscope used) and omitted the swelling or thickening of the armour at position
<emphasis id="8E01ECA53F8379C40E5E2D9C551FF5FA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">C</emphasis>
, which is weakly developed in this species. As Asamushi lies only ca. 200 km southwards from the shores of Lake Shikotsu (however, the
<normalizedToken id="CCB9178E8F54393CDC8C9B5CAD416D85" originalValue="Blakistons">Blakiston's</normalizedToken>
Line was designated to separate faunae of large vertebrates of Honshu and Hokkaido; see
<bibRefCitation id="C0DD8DF297823090E0F0A7B03D8E9F11" DOI="https://doi.org/10.4116/jaqua.46.171" author="Kawamura, Y" journalOrPublisher="Quaternary Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" pagination="171 - 177" refId="B20" refString="Kawamura, Y, 2007. Last glacial and Holocene land mammals of the Japanese islands: their fauna, extinction and immigration. Quaternary Research 46: 171 - 177, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4116/jaqua.46.171" title="Last glacial and Holocene land mammals of the Japanese islands: their fauna, extinction and immigration." url="https://doi.org/10.4116/jaqua.46.171" volume="46" year="2007">Kawamura 2007</bibRefCitation>
), the formal amendments to the original description presented here are justified given that DNA barcodes compensate the scarcity of specimens used in morphometrics.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="72453594E3F92BA21EF20994562F956A" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" type="phenotypic differential diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8F6AF1EB15D7A6B3B74C63995A24284E" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">Phenotypic differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A6EA82D5908590CA90FCF97CB1EBF5DA" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">
Taxa most similar to
<taxonomicName id="9AB728C94DA9D4DE720E507B3C038C02" lsidName="P. asper" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rank="species" species="asper">
<emphasis id="ED058B3D5BF5D1ABA3F0E3282759C428" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">P. asper</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, i.e. those possessing pseudosegmental projections, can be easily distinguished from this species, based on the presence of
<emphasis id="750EA1FD7DC5060CD2384A291C9CCC26" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">striae</emphasis>
(even rudimentary
<emphasis id="4555E19DFB43F61B0D9AFC1F65796134" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">striae</emphasis>
are absent in
<taxonomicName id="1BB3FB3EE1B3FAADFA89C06172A9FF17" lsidName="P. asper" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" rank="species" species="asper">
<emphasis id="39DAD62F163897F9FA79C192B63DD716" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">P. asper</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; see Fig.
<figureCitation id="05F9912B9EC02DEB2FCE4732DCF13C5A" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Sculpturing of Pseudechiniscus asper (PCM): A - dorsal; B - ventral. White arrowheads indicate thickenings at the lateral positions C and D, black arrowheads indicate claw spurs and empty arrows indicate papillae IV. Scale bars: in μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.53324.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/447881" pageId="0" pageNumber="527">2</figureCitation>
in
<bibRefCitation id="61E5E2EAE43DBCB291EC3C95C157795A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2564.1.2" author="Fontoura, P" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" pagination="31 - 42" refId="B11" refString="Fontoura, P, Pilato, G, Lisi, O, 2010. First record of Tardigrada from Sao Tome (Gulf of Guinea, Western Equatorial Africa) and description of Pseudechiniscus santomensis sp. nov. (Heterotardigrada: Echiniscidae). Zootaxa 2564: 31 - 42, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2564.1.2" title="First record of Tardigrada from Sao Tome (Gulf of Guinea, Western Equatorial Africa) and description of Pseudechiniscus santomensis sp. nov. (Heterotardigrada: Echiniscidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2564.1.2" volume="2564" year="2010">Fontoura et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
for microphotographs of other species), and/or by the lack of thickenings at the lateral positions (
<bibRefCitation id="CB10BDB0D57F2D8E49F37E23456D6429" author="Abe, W" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="527" pagination="843 - 848" refId="B1" refString="Abe, W, Utsugi, K, Takeda, M, 1998. Pseudechiniscus asper, a new Tardigrada (Heterotardigrada: Echiniscidae) from Hokkaido, Northern Japan. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 111: 843 - 848" title="Pseudechiniscus asper, a new Tardigrada (Heterotardigrada: Echiniscidae) from Hokkaido, Northern Japan." volume="111" year="1998">Abe et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>