treatments-xml/data/50/C3/43/50C34370AF515EE7A2F8F944EC9460C1.xml
2024-06-21 12:36:17 +02:00

518 lines
45 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8fe0041e-40a6-4fd0-a674-948f3f919703" ID-PMC="PMC8159918" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1039-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FA2622A854585C59A7E8182A4E66C6DF" ID-PubMed="34084064" ID-ZooBank="3487C3570FAC4907A5C0C0A0C801C6E3" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1039-1" checkinTime="1621541808324" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lee, Chi-Feng &amp; Bezdek, Jan" docDate="2021" docId="50C34370AF515EE7A2F8F944EC9460C1" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1039: 1-108" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1039" docPubDate="2021-05-20" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740" docTitle="Pyrrhalta meifena Kimoto 1976" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="FA2622A854585C59A7E8182A4E66C6DF" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="FA2622A854585C59A7E8182A4E66C6DF" masterDocTitle="Revision of the genera Xanthogaleruca Laboissiere, 1932 and Pyrrhalta Joannis, 1865 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae) of Taiwan, with type designation of Galerucella lineatipes Takei" masterLastPageNumber="108" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668152740594" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Revision of the genera Xanthogaleruca Laboissiere, 1932 and Pyrrhalta Joannis, 1865 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae) of Taiwan, with type designation of Galerucella lineatipes Takei</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lee, Chi-Feng</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1996-0557</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Applied Zoology Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Taichung 413, Taiwan</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">chifeng@tari.gov.tw</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Bezdek, Jan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4358-7211</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Mendel University in Brno, Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Zemĕdĕlska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-05-20</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1039</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>108</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1039-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">3487C3570FAC4907A5C0C0A0C801C6E3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FA2622A854585C59A7E8182A4E66C6DF</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182248286" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:50C34370AF515EE7A2F8F944EC9460C1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/50C34370AF515EE7A2F8F944EC9460C1" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName LSID="50C34370-AF51-5EE7-A2F8-F944EC9460C1" authority="Kimoto, 1976" authorityName="Kimoto" authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pyrrhalta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrrhalta meifena" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meifena">Pyrrhalta meifena Kimoto, 1976</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Habitus of Pyrrhalta alishanensis sp. nov. and P. meifena Kimoto A P. alishanensis sp. nov., male, dorsal view B ditto, ventral view C ditto, lateral view D P. meifena, male, dorsal view E ditto, ventral view F ditto, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545545" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 15D-F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta meifena Kimoto A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545550" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 20</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Field photographs of Pyrrhalta meifena Kimoto on host plant A host plant, Acer insulare var. caudatifolium B Second-instar larva C third-instar larva D adult." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545551" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 21</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kimoto" authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pyrrhalta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrrhalta meifena" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meifena">Pyrrhalta meifena</taxonomicName>
Kimoto, 1976: 4;
<bibRefCitation author="Kimoto, S" journalOrPublisher="Kurume University Journal" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="183 - 194" refId="B32" refString="Kimoto, S, 1987. The Chrysomelidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) collected by the Nagoya University Scientific Expedition to Taiwan in 1986. Kurume University Journal 36: 183 - 194" title="The Chrysomelidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) collected by the Nagoya University Scientific Expedition to Taiwan in 1986." volume="36" year="1987">Kimoto 1987</bibRefCitation>
: 188 (additional records);
<bibRefCitation author="Kimoto, S" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Institute of Comparative Studies of International Cultures and Societies" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 152" refId="B39" refString="Kimoto, S, Chu, Y-I, 1996. Systematic catalog of Chrysomelidae of Taiwan (Insecta: Coleoptera). Bulletin of the Institute of Comparative Studies of International Cultures and Societies 16: 1 - 152" title="Systematic catalog of Chrysomelidae of Taiwan (Insecta: Coleoptera)." volume="16" year="1996">Kimoto and Chu 1996</bibRefCitation>
: 56 (catalogue);
<bibRefCitation author="Kimoto, S" journalOrPublisher="Tokai University Press, Tokyo" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B42" refString="Kimoto, S, Takizawa, H, 1997. Leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae) of Taiwan. Tokai University Press, Tokyo" title="Leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae) of Taiwan." year="1997">Kimoto and Takizawa 1997</bibRefCitation>
: 3010 (key), 373;
<bibRefCitation author="Beenen, R" editor="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="6). Chrysomeloidea. Apollo Books, Stenstrup" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="443 - 491" publicationUrl="https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20123189777" refId="B3" refString="Beenen, R, 2010. Galerucinae. In: Loebl, I, Smetana, A, Eds., Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera (Vol. 6). Chrysomeloidea. Apollo Books, Stenstrup: 443 - 491, https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20123189777" title="Galerucinae." url="https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20123189777" volumeTitle="Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera (Vol." year="2010">Beenen 2010</bibRefCitation>
: 453 (catalogue);
<bibRefCitation author="Xue, HJ" journalOrPublisher="Junk, ' s-Gravenhage" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20103331643" refId="B93" refString="Xue, HJ, Yang, X-K, 2010. Species catalogue of Pyrrhalta Joannis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) of the world. Entomotaxonomia 32 (supplement): 119-136. https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20103331643" title="Species catalogue of Pyrrhalta Joannis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) of the world. Entomotaxonomia 32 (supplement): 119 - 136." url="https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20103331643" year="2010">Xue and Yang 2010</bibRefCitation>
: 126 (catalogue); Lee and Cheng 2010: 119 (redescription);
<bibRefCitation author="Takahashi, S" editor="Shiyake, S" journalOrPublisher="Osaka Museum of Natural History, Osaka" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="239 - 372" refId="B81" refString="Takahashi, S, 2012. Chrysomelidae (exclusive of Bruchinae &amp; Donaciinae). In: Shiyake, S, Ed., Specimen list of Coleoptera in the insect collection of the Osaka Museum of Natural History (Part 2). Osaka Museum of Natural History, Osaka: 239 - 372" title="Chrysomelidae (exclusive of Bruchinae &amp; Donaciinae)." volumeTitle="Specimen list of Coleoptera in the insect collection of the Osaka Museum of Natural History (Part 2)." year="2012">Takahashi 2012</bibRefCitation>
: 323 (deposition of type material);
<bibRefCitation author="Yang, X" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B98" refString="Yang, X, Ge, S, Nie, R, Ruan, Y, Li, W, 2015. Chinese leaf beetles. Science Press, Beijing" title="Chinese leaf beetles." year="2015">Yang et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
: 119 (catalogue).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="types">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Types.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
♂ (OMNH, by original designation): &quot;[TAIWAN] / Meifeng [梅峰] / Nantou Hsien [h, w] // 26.VI.1971/ Y. Miyatake [h, w] //
<taxonomicName authorityName="Joannis" authorityYear="1865" class="Insecta" family="Ericaceae" genus="Pyrrhalta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrrhalta" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pyrrhalta</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kimoto" authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Ericaceae" genus="Pyrrhalta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrrhalta meifena" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meifena">Pyrrhalta meifena</taxonomicName>
/ Kimoto, n. sp. [h, w] // HOLOTYPE [p, r] // (Regd. O.M.N.H.) [p, w]&quot;.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
1 ♀ (KMNH): &quot;(Taiwan) / Wushe [霧社] / Nantou Hsien [h, w] // 30.V.1965 / B. S. Chang [h, w] //
<taxonomicName authorityName="Joannis" authorityYear="1865" class="Insecta" family="Ericaceae" genus="Pyrrhalta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrrhalta" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pyrrhalta</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kimoto" authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Ericaceae" genus="Pyrrhalta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrrhalta meifena" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meifena">Pyrrhalta meifena</taxonomicName>
/ Kimoto, n. sp. [h, w] // Det. S. Kimoto, 19 [p, w] // PARATOPOTYPE [p, b]&quot;; 1 ♂ (KMNH): &quot;[TAIWAN] / Meifeng [梅峰] / Nantou Hsien [h, w] // 26.VI.1971 / Y. Miyatake [h, w] //
<taxonomicName authorityName="Joannis" authorityYear="1865" class="Insecta" family="Ericaceae" genus="Pyrrhalta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrrhalta" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pyrrhalta</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kimoto" authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Ericaceae" genus="Pyrrhalta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrrhalta meifena" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meifena">Pyrrhalta meifena</taxonomicName>
/ Kimoto, n. sp. [h, w] // PARATOPOTYPE [p, b]&quot;.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2009-09-22" collectorName="M. - H. Tsou" country="Taiwan" location="Alishan" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Chiayi">
<collectingCountry name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion country="Taiwan" name="Chiayi">Chiayi</collectingRegion>
:
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
(TARI),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:50C34370AF515EE7A2F8F944EC9460C1:01840FD1F522F2D916CD28493D625658" country="Taiwan" name="Alishan" stateProvince="Chiayi">Alishan</location>
(阿里山),
<collectingDate value="2009-09-22">22.IX.2009</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName>M.-H. Tsou</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2016-05-29" collectorName="Y. - T. Chung" country="Taiwan" location="Alishan" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Chiayi">
<specimenCount type="male">2♂♂</specimenCount>
(TARI), same locality,
<collectingDate value="2016-05-29">29.V.2016</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName>Y.-T. Chung</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2015-07-23" collectorName="U. Ong" country="Taiwan" location="Shizilu" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Chiayi">
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(TARI),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:50C34370AF515EE7A2F8F944EC9460C1:DFCC640AF614FAC52F8D4A0E2D9C8219" country="Taiwan" name="Shizilu" stateProvince="Chiayi">Shizilu</location>
(十字路),
<collectingDate value="2015-07-23">23.VII.2015</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName>U. Ong</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2009-03-24" collectingDateMax="2009-03-25" collectingDateMin="2009-03-24" collectorName="M. - H. Tsou" country="Taiwan" location="Litungshan" specimenCount="11" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="9" stateProvince="Hsinchu">
<collectingRegion country="Taiwan" name="Hsinchu">Hsinchu</collectingRegion>
:
<specimenCount type="male">9♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:50C34370AF515EE7A2F8F944EC9460C1:5C2E177D0F192BC215EDE27B20AE1F19" country="Taiwan" name="Litungshan" stateProvince="Hsinchu">Litungshan</location>
(李棟山),
<collectingDate value="2009-03-24" valueMax="2009-03-25" valueMin="2009-03-24">24-25.III.2009</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName>M.-H. Tsou</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2009-03-28" collectingDateMax="2009-03-25" collectingDateMin="2009-03-24" collectorName="S. - F. Yu" country="Taiwan" location="Litungshan" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="4" stateProvince="Hsinchu">
<specimenCount type="male">4♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
(TARI), same locality,
<collectingDate value="2009-03-28">28.III.2009</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName>S.-F. Yu</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2010-06-16" collectingDateMax="2009-03-25" collectingDateMin="2009-03-24" collectorName="Y. - L. Lin" country="Taiwan" location="Litungshan" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Hsinchu">
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(TARI), same locality,
<collectingDate value="2010-06-16">16.VI.2010</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName>Y.-L. Lin</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2008-07-02" collectorName="S. - F. Yu, M. - H. Tsou" country="Taiwan" location="Kuanyuan" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Hualien">
<collectingRegion country="Taiwan" name="Hualien">Hualien</collectingRegion>
:
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
(TARI),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:50C34370AF515EE7A2F8F944EC9460C1:67711B5C32C43501FF4C1CAA87AC789A" country="Taiwan" name="Kuanyuan" stateProvince="Hualien">Kuanyuan</location>
(關原),
<collectingDate value="2008-07-02">2.VII.2008</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName>S.-F. Yu</collectorName>
and
<collectorName>M.-H. Tsou</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2019-07-15" collectorName="B. - X. Guo" country="Taiwan" location="Pilu" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Hualien">
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(TARI),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:50C34370AF515EE7A2F8F944EC9460C1:3276284F8B5CFBC114381EE71EFAAB70" country="Taiwan" name="Pilu" stateProvince="Hualien">Pilu</location>
(碧綠),
<collectingDate value="2019-07-15">15.VII.2019</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName>B.-X. Guo</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-07-02" collectorName="J. - C. Chen" country="Taiwan" location="Tayuling" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Hualien">
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(TARI),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:50C34370AF515EE7A2F8F944EC9460C1:B8709DEB7BE63D130AC20892C265BFD7" country="Taiwan" name="Tayuling" stateProvince="Hualien">Tayuling</location>
(大禹嶺),
<collectingDate value="2018-07-02">2.VII.2018</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName>J.-C. Chen</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2009-07-01" collectorName="S. - F. Yu" country="Taiwan" location="Chungchihkung" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Kaohsiung">
<collectingRegion country="Taiwan" name="Kaohsiung">Kaohsiung</collectingRegion>
:
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(TARI),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:50C34370AF515EE7A2F8F944EC9460C1:4F4065EEA8A5AF2838D5632374ABE53A" country="Taiwan" name="Chungchihkung" stateProvince="Kaohsiung">Chungchihkung</location>
(中之關),
<collectingDate value="2009-07-01">1.VII.2009</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName>S.-F. Yu</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2009-07-02" collectorName="M. - H. Tsou" country="Taiwan" location="Chungchihkung" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Kaohsiung">
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(TARI), same locality,
<collectingDate value="2009-07-02">2.VII.2009</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName>M.-H. Tsou</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2012-04-17" collectorName="L. - P. Hsu" country="Taiwan" location="Chungchihkung" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Kaohsiung">
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(TARI), same locality,
<collectingDate value="2012-04-17">17.IV.2012</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName>L.-P. Hsu</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2009-07-02" collectorName="M. - H. Tsou" country="Taiwan" location="Tienchih" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Kaohsiung">
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(TARI),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:50C34370AF515EE7A2F8F944EC9460C1:C6382B6A7E1680BFA8EBFE2730A7AF34" country="Taiwan" name="Tienchih" stateProvince="Kaohsiung">Tienchih</location>
(天池),
<collectingDate value="2009-07-02">2.VII.2009</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName>M.-H. Tsou</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1981-06-24" collectingDateMax="1981-06-26" collectingDateMin="1981-06-24" collectorName="K. S. Lin, W. S. Tang" country="Taiwan" location="Meifeng" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Nantou">
<collectingRegion country="Taiwan" name="Nantou">Nantou</collectingRegion>
:
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
(TARI),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:50C34370AF515EE7A2F8F944EC9460C1:A1D25F25BDCB80BCE5C7AB10EE941257" country="Taiwan" name="Meifeng" stateProvince="Nantou">Meifeng</location>
(梅峰),
<collectingDate value="1981-06-24" valueMax="1981-06-26" valueMin="1981-06-24">24-26.VI.1981</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName>K. S. Lin</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>W. S. Tang</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1981-08-01" collectingDateMax="1981-08-03" collectingDateMin="1981-08-01" collectorName="T. Lin, W. S. Tang" country="Taiwan" location="Meifeng" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Nantou">
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(TARI), same locality,
<collectingDate value="1981-08-01" valueMax="1981-08-03" valueMin="1981-08-01">1-3.VIII.1981</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName>T. Lin</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>W. S. Tang</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2014-07-13" collectorName="W. - C. Liao" country="Taiwan" location="Tatachia" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-male="6" stateProvince="Nantou">
<specimenCount type="male">6♂</specimenCount>
(TARI),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:50C34370AF515EE7A2F8F944EC9460C1:910393D870A5CAF564183338641A667F" country="Taiwan" name="Tatachia" stateProvince="Nantou">Tatachia</location>
(塔塔加),
<collectingDate value="2014-07-13">13.VII.2014</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName>W.-C. Liao</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1981-06-25" collectingDateMax="1981-06-27" collectingDateMin="1981-06-25" collectorName="K. S. Lin, W. S. Tang" country="Taiwan" location="Tsuifeng" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Nantou">
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(TARI),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:50C34370AF515EE7A2F8F944EC9460C1:4F4FB61D3E4A92ACAB1A2F686A10E3C3" country="Taiwan" name="Tsuifeng" stateProvince="Nantou">Tsuifeng</location>
(翠峰),
<collectingDate value="1981-06-25" valueMax="1981-06-27" valueMin="1981-06-25">25-27.VI.1981</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName>K. S. Lin</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>W. S. Tang</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="S. C. Lin, C. N. Lin" country="Taiwan" location="Tsuifeng" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Nantou">
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(TARI), same locality,
<collectorName>S. C. Lin</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>C. N. Lin</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2010-06-07" collectorName="C. - F. Lee" country="Taiwan" location="Anmashan" specimenCount="12" specimenCount-female="7" specimenCount-male="5" stateProvince="Taichung">
<collectingRegion country="Taiwan" name="Taichung">Taichung</collectingRegion>
:
<specimenCount type="male">5♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="female">7♀</specimenCount>
(TARI),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:50C34370AF515EE7A2F8F944EC9460C1:2FB5020A7DAD07086BCDD0A9019D2A62" country="Taiwan" name="Anmashan" stateProvince="Taichung">Anmashan</location>
(鞍馬山),
<collectingDate value="2010-06-07">7.VI.2010</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName>C.-F. Lee</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2013-05-09" collectorName="J. - C. Chen" country="Taiwan" location="Hsiangyang" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Taitung">
<collectingRegion country="Taiwan" name="Taitung">Taitung</collectingRegion>
:
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(TARI),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:50C34370AF515EE7A2F8F944EC9460C1:F8DB7521BAD657583F05CDE62991BCB8" country="Taiwan" name="Hsiangyang" stateProvince="Taitung">Hsiangyang</location>
(向陽),
<collectingDate value="2013-05-09">9.V.2013</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName>J.-C. Chen</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2014-07-18" collectorName="W. - C. Huan" country="Taiwan" location="Hsiangyang" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Taitung">
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(TARI), same locality,
<collectingDate value="2014-07-18">18.VII.2014</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName>W.-C. Huan</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2013-06-19" collectorName="C. - F. Lee." country="Taiwan" location="Liyuan" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Taitung">
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
(TARI),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:50C34370AF515EE7A2F8F944EC9460C1:419DDDEB77227F93C7D067C0186B3BB7" country="Taiwan" name="Liyuan" stateProvince="Taitung">Liyuan</location>
(栗園),
<collectingDate value="2013-06-19">19.VI.2013</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName>C.-F. Lee.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="redescription">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Redescription.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Length 5.6-6.5 mm, width 2.7-3.2 mm. Body yellow (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Habitus of Pyrrhalta alishanensis sp. nov. and P. meifena Kimoto A P. alishanensis sp. nov., male, dorsal view B ditto, ventral view C ditto, lateral view D P. meifena, male, dorsal view E ditto, ventral view F ditto, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545545" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15D-F</figureCitation>
); antennae black but four or five basal antennomeres paled; tibiae and tarsi black or blackish brown. Eyes small, interocular space 2.35-3.58x diameter of eye. Antennae filiform in males (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta meifena Kimoto A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545550" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">20A</figureCitation>
), gradually broadened from antennomere V to X, length ratios of antennomeres I-XI 1.0: 0.7: 0.7: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.7: 0.7: 0.7: 0.8, length to width ratios of antennomeres I-XI 2.8: 2.2: 2.3: 2.5: 2.6: 2.7: 2.6: 2.4: 2.3: 2.1: 2.7; similar in females (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta meifena Kimoto A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545550" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">20B</figureCitation>
), length ratios of antennomeres I-XI 1.0: 0.7: 0.8: 0.7: 0.9: 0.7: 0.7: 0.6: 0.6: 0.6: 0.8, length to width ratios of antennomeres I-XI 2.7: 2.5: 2.8: 2.7: 2.8: 2.3: 2.1: 1.8: 1.8: 1.9: 2.3. Pronotum and elytra convex. Pronotum 2.2-2.3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
wider than long, disc smooth; with extremely dense, coarse punctures, and sparse long pubescence, with median longitudinal and lateral depressions; lateral margins moderately rounded, widest at middle, apical and basal margins slightly concave; anterior and posterior setiferous punctures slightly erect. Elytra broad, parallel-sided, 1.5-1.6
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than wide; disc smooth, with extremely dense, coarse punctures, and short pubescence. Apical spur of tibia of middle leg absent and tarsomere I not modified in males. Aedeagus (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta meifena Kimoto A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545550" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">20C, D</figureCitation>
) broad in dorsal view, 5.7
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than wide, symmetric, subparallel from base to middle, then apically narrowed, apex acute; ostium obliquely longitudinal, covered by a membrane; strongly curved near base in lateral view, slight recurved at apical 1/6, apex acute; primary endophallic sclerites elongate, 0.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as aedeagus, with several teeth at apex. Only apices of gonocoxae (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta meifena Kimoto A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545550" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">20I</figureCitation>
) sclerotized, longitudinal, with dense, long setae along lateral and apical margins. Ventrite VIII (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta meifena Kimoto A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545550" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">20E</figureCitation>
) well sclerotized, with dense, long setae laterally, apical area, and along apical margin, spiculum long. Receptacle of spermatheca (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta meifena Kimoto A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545550" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">20F</figureCitation>
) very swollen; pump long and strongly curved; sclerotized proximal spermathecal duct narrow and short. Apical margin of abdominal ventrite V with one pair of rounded ridges at middle and slightly concave between ridges in males (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta meifena Kimoto A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545550" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">20H</figureCitation>
); broadly rounded in females (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta meifena Kimoto A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545550" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">20G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545550" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 20" startId="F20">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 20.</emphasis>
Diagnostic characters of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kimoto" authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Ericaceae" genus="Pyrrhalta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrrhalta meifena" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meifena">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pyrrhalta meifena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kimoto
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
antenna, male
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
antenna, female
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
aedeagus, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
ditto, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
abdominal ventrite VIII
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
spermatheca
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
abdominal ventrite V, female
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
abdominal ventrite V, male
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
gonocoxae.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
adults of
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. meifena" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="meifena">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. meifena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kimoto are characterized by their small body sizes, 5.6-6.5 mm long (7.3-8.7 mm long in others), and yellow bodies (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Habitus of Pyrrhalta alishanensis sp. nov. and P. meifena Kimoto A P. alishanensis sp. nov., male, dorsal view B ditto, ventral view C ditto, lateral view D P. meifena, male, dorsal view E ditto, ventral view F ditto, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545545" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15D-F</figureCitation>
) (black bodies in
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. alishanensis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="alishanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. alishanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Habitus of Pyrrhalta alishanensis sp. nov. and P. meifena Kimoto A P. alishanensis sp. nov., male, dorsal view B ditto, ventral view C ditto, lateral view D P. meifena, male, dorsal view E ditto, ventral view F ditto, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545545" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15A-C</figureCitation>
); brown bodies in
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. igai" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="igai">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. igai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. meihuai" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="meihuai">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. meihuai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Habitus of Pyrrhalta igai Kimoto and P. meihuai sp. nov. A P. igai, female, dorsal view B ditto, ventral view C ditto, lateral view D P. meihuai sp. nov., female, dorsal view E ditto, ventral view F ditto, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545548" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">18</figureCitation>
)) within the species group. In males of
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. meifena" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="meifena">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. meifena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the lanceolate aedeagus (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta meifena Kimoto A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545550" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">20C</figureCitation>
) is similar to those of
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. alishanensis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="alishanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. alishanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta alishanensis sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545546" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16C</figureCitation>
) and
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. meihuai" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="meihuai">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. meihuai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta meihuai sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F gonocoxae G spermatheca H abdominal ventrite V, female I abdominal ventrite V, male." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545552" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">22C</figureCitation>
) but differs in lacking secondary endophallic sclerite in addition to the primary endophallic sclerite (one secondary sclerite in
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. meihuai" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="meihuai">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. meihuai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.; two secondary sclerites in
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. alishanensis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="alishanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. alishanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="host">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Host plants.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Larvae and adults feed on leaves of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acer insulare subsp. var. var. caudatifolium" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="insulare" subSpecies="var." variety="caudatifolium">Acer insulare Hayata var. caudatifolium</taxonomicName>
(Hayata) and
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. rubescens" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubescens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. rubescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hayata (
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Sapindaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Mrs Su-Fang Yu found young larvae (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Field photographs of Pyrrhalta meifena Kimoto on host plant A host plant, Acer insulare var. caudatifolium B Second-instar larva C third-instar larva D adult." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545551" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21B</figureCitation>
) feeding on tender leaves of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acer insulare subsp. var. var. caudatifolium" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="insulare" subSpecies="var." variety="caudatifolium">Acer insulare var. caudatifolium</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Field photographs of Pyrrhalta meifena Kimoto on host plant A host plant, Acer insulare var. caudatifolium B Second-instar larva C third-instar larva D adult." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545551" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21A</figureCitation>
) February 26, 2009, in Litungshan, northern Taiwan; and reared them in the laboratory. mature larvae (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta meifena Kimoto A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I gonocoxae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545550" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">20C</figureCitation>
) began to burrow into soil March 2, and built underground chambers for pupation. Duration of the pupal stage was 22-24 days. adults (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Field photographs of Pyrrhalta meifena Kimoto on host plant A host plant, Acer insulare var. caudatifolium B Second-instar larva C third-instar larva D adult." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545551" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21D</figureCitation>
) appeared from spring to summer.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545551" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 21" startId="F21">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 21.</emphasis>
Field photographs of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kimoto" authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Ericaceae" genus="Pyrrhalta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrrhalta meifena" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meifena">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pyrrhalta meifena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kimoto on host plant
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
host plant,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acer insulare subsp. var. var. caudatifolium" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="insulare" subSpecies="var." variety="caudatifolium">Acer insulare var. caudatifolium</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
Second-instar larva
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
third-instar larva
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
adult.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The species is widespread at mid-altitudes (1,500-2,500 m) in Taiwan.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>