339 lines
34 KiB
XML
339 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document ID-ISSN="0974-7907" approvalRequired="3" approvalRequired_for_originalDoi="1" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="2" checkinTime="1624627884412" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Tamang, Lakpa & Chaudhry, Shivaji" docDate="2012" docId="0E6C87DEFF9FC0323437FF65FC3AF8C2" docLanguage="en" docName="JThreatenedTaxa.4.2.2402-2405.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Threatened Taxa 4 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4DDA3ECA84577246BE6182A9D0138992.1:JThreatenedTaxa.2010-2012.communications" docStyleId="4DDA3ECA84577246BE6182A9D0138992" docStyleName="JThreatenedTaxa.2010-2012.communications" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Conta pectinata Ng 2005" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="2404" masterDocId="F255FFA6FF9EC0303572FF8FFF93FF88" masterDocTitle="Range extension of Conta pectinata Ng, 2005 (Teleostei: Sisoridae) in upper Brahmaputra River drainage in Arunachal Pradesh, India" masterLastPageNumber="2405" masterPageNumber="2402" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" updateTime="1624627892164" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Range extension of Conta pectinata Ng, 2005 (Teleostei: Sisoridae) in upper Brahmaputra River drainage in Arunachal Pradesh, India</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tamang, Lakpa</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Chaudhry, Shivaji</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Journal of Threatened Taxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>4</mods:number>
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||
</mods:detail>
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||
<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>2402</mods:start>
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<mods:end>2405</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">0974-7907</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">7270A86A-5C3F-4588-BB5D-1EDFB68155EF</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E6C87DEFF9FC0323437FF65FC3AF8C2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E6C87DEFF9FC0323437FF65FC3AF8C2" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="2404" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">
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<subSubSection box="[325,619,234,261]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph blockId="1.[325,619,234,298]" box="[325,619,234,261]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">
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<heading box="[325,619,234,261]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName authority="Ng, 2005" authorityName="Ng" authorityYear="2005" box="[325,619,234,261]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Erethistidae" genus="Conta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pectinata">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[325,619,234,261]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[325,508,234,260]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Conta pectinata</emphasis>
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Ng, 2005
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" type="description">
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||
<paragraph blockId="1.[325,619,234,298]" box="[415,530,272,298]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[415,530,272,298]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">
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(
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<figureCitation box="[423,520,272,298]" captionStart="Image 1" captionStartId="1.[170,232,1969,1989]" captionTargetBox="[170,775,1177,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-409@1.[171,776,1475,1656]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Image 1. Dorsal, lateral and ventral view of Conta pectinata, 42.5mm SL." pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Image 1</figureCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[170,775,346,522]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">
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<taxonomicName authority="Ng, 2005: 16" authorityName="Ng" authorityPageNumber="16" authorityYear="2005" box="[208,578,346,373]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Erethistidae" genus="Conta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pectinata">
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<emphasis box="[208,395,347,373]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Conta pectinata</emphasis>
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Ng, 2005: 16
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</taxonomicName>
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(1): 23–28. Type locality: Brahmaputra River, Dibrugarh,
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<collectingRegion box="[692,771,384,410]" country="India" name="Assam" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Assam</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[170,231,421,447]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">India</collectingCountry>
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.
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<materialsCitation accessionNumber="ZRC 49672" box="[241,648,421,448]" collectionCode="ZRC" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<typeStatus box="[241,350,421,447]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
:
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<accessionNumber box="[360,495,421,447]" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/ZRC49672" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">
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<collectionCode box="[360,414,421,447]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">ZRC</collectionCode>
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49672
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</accessionNumber>
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||
,
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||
<quantity box="[505,605,421,448]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.64" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" unit="mm" value="46.4">46.4 mm</quantity>
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SL
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation collectionCode="UMMZ" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" specimenCode="UMMZ 234675, 1" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus box="[658,771,422,448]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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<specimenCode box="[170,351,458,485]" collectionCode="UMMZ" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ra64-3eva" name="University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" type="University or college">UMMZ 234675</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCode box="[362,376,459,485]" collectionCode="UMMZ" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ra64-3eva" name="University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" type="University or college">1</specimenCode>
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,
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<quantity box="[390,490,459,485]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.79" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" unit="mm" value="47.9">47.9 mm</quantity>
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SL
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation accessionNumber="ZRC 49673" collectionCode="ZRC" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" specimenCode="2" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<accessionNumber box="[543,678,458,485]" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/ZRC49673" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">
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<collectionCode box="[543,597,459,485]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">ZRC</collectionCode>
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49673
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</accessionNumber>
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,
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<specimenCode box="[689,705,459,485]" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">2</specimenCode>
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,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.665" metricValueMax="4.91" metricValueMin="4.42" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" unit="mm" value="46.65" valueMax="49.1" valueMin="44.2">44.2- 49.1 mm</quantity>
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SL
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[170,775,570,821]" box="[170,396,570,596]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[170,396,570,596]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Material examined</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[170,775,570,821]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">
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Four specimens,
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<date box="[398,554,608,634]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" value="2010-10-14" valueMax="2010-10-17" valueMin="2010-10-14">14–17.x.2010</date>
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,
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<quantity box="[566,729,608,635]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.445" metricValueMax="4.64" metricValueMin="4.25" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" unit="mm" value="44.45" valueMax="46.4" valueMin="42.5">42.5–46.4 mm</quantity>
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SL, Sille River, about
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<quantity box="[390,440,645,671]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" unit="km" value="1.0">1km</quantity>
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upstream from
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<collectionCode box="[635,691,645,671]" country="France" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jc5i-vcwf" name="Roscoff Culture Collection" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">RCC</collectionCode>
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bridge over Sille River, about
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<quantity box="[442,516,682,709]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
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||
from Ruksin or about
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<quantity box="[170,242,720,746]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" unit="km" value="26.0">26 km</quantity>
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before Pasighat,
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<superScript attach="none" box="[437,503,720,747]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">27052</superScript>
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||
’626”N &
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<superScript attach="none" box="[622,686,720,747]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">95018</superScript>
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’300”E; altitude:
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<quantity box="[276,343,757,783]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" unit="m" value="127.0">127m</quantity>
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; weight: 0.79–0.92 gm, coll. Lakpa Tamang (ZSI/
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<collectionCode box="[326,346,794,821]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
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||
/
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||
<collectionCode box="[356,425,794,821]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">APFS</collectionCode>
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/P-523).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="2404" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[170,775,869,1082]" box="[170,308,869,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[170,308,869,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Description</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph blockId="1.[170,775,869,1082]" lastBlockId="1.[813,1425,235,1008]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">
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||
Body slender, sub-cylindrical anterior, abdomen moderately flat. Head small, V-shaped when viewed dorsally,widerthandeep.Post-temporo-supracleithrum process gently turned outwards towards the tip. The snout length is equal to the base length of the occipital process and also equals the length of the supraoccipital spine. The length of the thoracic adhesive apparatus is almost equidistant between the pectoral and pelvic fin origins and also from the snout tip to the middle of the supraoccipital spine (
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<figureCitation box="[1123,1219,384,410]" captionStart="Image 2" captionStartId="1.[813,875,1965,1985]" captionTargetBox="[813,1417,1593,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-444@1.[809,1418,1757,1950]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Image 2. Thoracic Adhesive apparatus of Conta pectinata, length: 13.3mm." pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Image 2</figureCitation>
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). The position of the vent nearer the anal-fin origin (35.5–44.9 % PA-L). The body is deepest at dorsal-fin origin, deeper than wide; body depth at anus 10.3–11.9% SL, deeper than wide; length of dorsal-spine (15.7–20.8% SL); dorsal to adipose distance 30.4–32.7% SL and length of nasal barbel 8.1–11.0% HL.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[813,1425,235,1008]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Dorsal-fin with 5–6 rays, anterior margin of dorsalspine consists of 15–18 strong serrae along entire length, and posterior margin with 9–15 serrae, both the serrations pointing towards base. Pectoral-fin with 5(1), 6 (3) rays, anterior margin of pectoral-spine with 26–32 serrae anteriorly-directed and posterior margin with 13–16 serrae directed towards base. Pelvic-fin with i, five rays and length 16.7–18.5% SL. Anal-fin with ii, 7(3) ii, 8(1) rays. Caudal-fin consists of i,5,6,i (2), i,6,5,i (1), i,6,6,i (1) principal rays.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[813,1418,1056,1493]" box="[813,1004,1056,1082]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[813,1004,1056,1082]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Ecological notes</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[813,1418,1056,1493]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">
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Specimens of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Ng" authorityYear="2005" box="[1008,1187,1094,1120]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Erethistidae" genus="Conta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pectinata">
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<emphasis box="[1008,1187,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Conta pectinata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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were collected from shallow (
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<quantity box="[917,1033,1131,1157]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" unit="cm" value="20.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="10.0">
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||
10
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[946,960,1131,1157]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">–</emphasis>
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30 cm
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||
</quantity>
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||
) and moderately clear water with pebbles, cobbles of variable colours and sand particles, at an altitude of
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<specimenCount box="[1027,1098,1206,1232]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" type="generic">
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||
<quantity box="[1027,1094,1206,1232]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" unit="m" value="127.0">127m</quantity>
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.
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</specimenCount>
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Other species associated were:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hora" authorityYear="1921" box="[889,1148,1243,1269]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Aborichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongatus">
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||
<emphasis box="[889,1148,1243,1269]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Aborichthys elongatus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Hamilton" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[1170,1411,1243,1269]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Acanthocobitis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="botia">
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||
<emphasis box="[1170,1411,1243,1269]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Acanthocobitis botia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Hamilton" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[813,1044,1280,1306]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Amblycipitidae" genus="Amblyceps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mangois">
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||
<emphasis box="[813,1044,1280,1306]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Amblyceps mangois</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Hamilton" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[1066,1238,1280,1306]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Barilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barna">
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||
<emphasis box="[1066,1238,1280,1306]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Barilius barna</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<taxonomicName authority=", Balitora" authorityName="Balitora" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Barilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bendelisis">
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||
<emphasis box="[1259,1410,1280,1306]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">B. bendelisis</emphasis>
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||
,
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||
<emphasis box="[813,906,1317,1343]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Balitora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<emphasis box="[930,1002,1317,1343]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">brucei</emphasis>
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||
,
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||
<emphasis box="[1032,1205,1318,1343]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Botia rostrata</emphasis>
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||
,
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||
<taxonomicName box="[1236,1410,1317,1343]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ambassidae" genus="Chanda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nama">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1236,1410,1317,1343]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Chanda nama</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Hamilton" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[813,1046,1355,1381]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Crossocheilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latius">
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||
<emphasis box="[813,1046,1355,1381]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Crossocheilus latius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hora" authorityYear="1921" box="[1068,1278,1355,1381]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Garra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="annandalei">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1068,1278,1355,1381]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Garra annandalei</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Gray in Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1299,1410,1355,1381]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Garra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gotyla">
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||
<emphasis box="[1299,1410,1355,1381]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">G. gotyla</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="McClelland" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[813,1149,1392,1418]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Neolissochilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hexagonolepis">
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||
<emphasis box="[813,1149,1392,1418]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Neolissochilus hexagonolepis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Hora" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[1167,1410,1392,1418]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Erethistidae" genus="Pseudolaguvia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shawi">
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||
<emphasis box="[1167,1410,1392,1418]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Pseudolaguvia shawi</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Hamilton" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[813,1087,1429,1455]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Psilorhynchidae" genus="Psilorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balitora">
|
||
<emphasis box="[813,1087,1429,1455]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Psilorhynchus balitora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Hamilton" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[1119,1280,1430,1455]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ticto">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1119,1280,1430,1455]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Puntius ticto</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="F.Hamilton" baseAuthorityYear="1822" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Schistura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="savona">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Schistura savona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="tor" box="[946,1024,1468,1493]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Sisoridae" genus="Tor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tor">
|
||
<emphasis box="[946,1024,1468,1493]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Tor tor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" startId="1.[170,232,1969,1989]" targetBox="[170,775,1177,1942]" targetPageId="1">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[170,772,1968,2014]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">
|
||
Image 1. Dorsal, lateral and ventral view of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ng" authorityYear="2005" box="[606,767,1968,1989]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Erethistidae" genus="Conta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pectinata">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[606,767,1968,1989]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Conta pectinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 42.5mm SL.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" startId="1.[813,875,1965,1985]" targetBox="[813,1417,1593,1949]" targetPageId="1">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[813,1399,1965,2011]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">
|
||
Image 2. Thoracic Adhesive apparatus of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ng" authorityYear="2005" box="[1233,1393,1965,1985]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Erethistidae" genus="Conta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pectinata">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1233,1393,1965,1985]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2403">Conta pectinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, length: 13.3mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[170,775,235,672]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[208,310,235,261]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404">Threats:</emphasis>
|
||
During the winter season (October– January), some people employ modern hazardous techniques of fishing like electrocution, use of bleach and lime powder in diverted streams, in the lower reaches nearby Sille Village where electricity is available. Further, electrocution is also done using a mini generator or inverter towards upstream and downstream areas. As per the view of the fishermen, the capture rate of this fish is less in natural conditions in comparison to other fishes. The catch rate of fish within 3–4 hours of fishing using traditional methods is about 15–20 individuals and sometimes even less.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="2404" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[170,775,720,1194]" box="[170,316,720,746]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[170,316,720,746]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[170,775,720,1194]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404">
|
||
Known from Sille River, Sille Village, East Siang District,
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[347,567,794,820]" country="India" name="Arunachal Pradesh" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404">Arunachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||
. The Sille River is one of the tributaries of Siang River, which joins the Brahmaputra River in
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[510,590,869,895]" country="India" name="Assam" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404">Assam</collectingRegion>
|
||
. The species was originally described from Brahmaputra River, Dibrugarh,
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[299,375,944,970]" country="India" name="Assam" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404">Assam</collectingRegion>
|
||
and also reported from
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[650,774,944,970]" country="India" name="Meghalaya" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404">Meghalaya</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[178,245,981,1007]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[170,235,1173,1193]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,237,1152]" captionTargetId="figure-376@3.[416,1412,232,1152]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Map of northeastern India showing the distribution of Conta pectinata indicated by star (present collection); circle (Ng 2005) and square (Vishwanath et al. 2007)." pageId="2" pageNumber="2404">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Although
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Vishwanath, W. & W. S. Lakra & U. K. Sarkar" box="[391,670,981,1008]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404" refId="ref2834" refString="Vishwanath, W., W. S. Lakra & U. K. Sarkar (2007). Fishes of North East India. National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, 264 pp." type="book" year="2007">Vishwanath et al. (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
included
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[170,294,1018,1044]" country="India" name="Meghalaya" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404">Meghalaya</collectingRegion>
|
||
in the distribution but the exact locality was not mentioned. Probable locality is given in the map, i.e., from Umtrao River that flows adjacent to the Guwahati–Shillong road (W. Vishwanath pers. comm.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="2404" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[170,775,1242,2015]" box="[170,296,1242,1268]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[170,296,1242,1268]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404">Discussion</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[170,775,1242,2015]" lastBlockId="2.[813,1425,235,1866]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404">
|
||
According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ng, H. H." box="[366,498,1280,1307]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404" pagination="23 - 28" refId="ref2721" refString="Ng, H. H. (2005 a). Conta pectinata, a new erethistid Catfish (Teleostei: Erethistidae) from northeast India. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 16 (1): 23 - 28." type="journal article" year="2005">Ng (2005a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ng" authorityYear="2005" box="[512,693,1280,1306]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Erethistidae" genus="Conta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pectinata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[512,693,1280,1306]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404">Conta pectinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[244,350,1317,1343]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Erethistidae" genus="Conta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="conta">
|
||
<emphasis box="[244,350,1317,1343]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404">C. conta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having anteriorly-directed (vs. distally-directed) serrations on the anterior margin of the pectoral spine, and having a longer (24.6–25.6% SL vs. 21.9–23.4) and more slender (2.6–2.8% SL vs. 3.9–4.4) caudal peduncle. The specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hora" authorityYear="1950" box="[706,774,1467,1493]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Erethistidae" genus="Conta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[706,774,1467,1493]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404">Conta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
collected from Sille River of
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[551,775,1504,1530]" country="India" name="Arunachal Pradesh" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404">Arunachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||
agree well with the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ng" authorityYear="2005" box="[565,703,1541,1567]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Erethistidae" genus="Conta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pectinata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[565,703,1541,1567]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404">C. pectinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="2404" sensu="stricto">sensu stricto</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
based on the following characters: (i) Serrae on the anterior margin of the pectoral spine directedanteriorly, (ii) in having long (23.0–25.8% SL) and more narrow(2.7–3.0%SL) caudal peduncle.However, further examination revealed that some morphological variations exist on the following: deep body at anus 10.3–11.9 (vs. 7.5–9.4% SL); short dorsal-spine(length 15.7–20.8 vs. 20.9–24.0% SL); long pelvic-fin (length 16.7–18.5 vs. 14.2–16.4% SL); larger post adipose distance (distance 30.4–32.7 vs. 21.8–25.0% SL) and a short nasal barbel (length 8.1–11.0 vs. 17.0–23.8% HL). Further, slight variations exists in the following: less number of serrae on anterior margin of dorsalspine along the entire length (15–18 vs. 18–20); a posttemporo-supracleithrum process moderately deflected from the base of the supraoccipital spine vs. more deflected (compare dorsal view in
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1214,1308,384,410]" captionStart="Image 1" captionStartId="1.[170,232,1969,1989]" captionTargetBox="[170,775,1177,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-409@1.[171,776,1475,1656]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Image 1. Dorsal, lateral and ventral view of Conta pectinata, 42.5mm SL." pageId="2" pageNumber="2404">Image 1</figureCitation>
|
||
here and
|
||
<figureCitation box="[813,877,421,447]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[170,235,1173,1193]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,237,1152]" captionTargetId="figure-376@3.[416,1412,232,1152]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Map of northeastern India showing the distribution of Conta pectinata indicated by star (present collection); circle (Ng 2005) and square (Vishwanath et al. 2007)." pageId="2" pageNumber="2404">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity box="[863,877,421,447]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404" unit="in" value="1.0">1</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ng, H. H." box="[911,1024,421,448]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404" pagination="23 - 28" refId="ref2721" refString="Ng, H. H. (2005 a). Conta pectinata, a new erethistid Catfish (Teleostei: Erethistidae) from northeast India. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 16 (1): 23 - 28." type="journal article" year="2005">Ng 2005a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We assume these variations might be due to different ambient microclimatic conditions, habitat and water quality that is beyond the scope of this study. The long thoracic adhesive apparatus in this species appears to be an adaptation to life in fast flowing waters upstream from the Brahmaputra River similar to other erethistids and sisorids (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hora, S. L." box="[1257,1380,645,671]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404" pagination="171 - 282" refId="ref2462" refString="Hora, S. L. (1930). Ecology, bionomics and evolution of the torrential fauna, with special reference to the organs of attachment. Philosophical Transactions of the royal Society of London Series B 218: 171 - 282." type="journal article" year="1930">Hora 1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="de Pinna, M. C. C." pageId="2" pageNumber="2404" pagination="1 - 83" refId="ref2405" refString="de Pinna, M. C. C. (1996). A phylogenetic analysis of the Asian catfish families Sisoridae, Akysidae, and Amblycipitidae, with a hypothesis on the relationships of the neotropical Aspredinidae (Teleostei, Ostariophysi). Fieldiana: Zoology (New Series) 84: 1 - 83." type="journal article" year="1996">de Pinna 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ng, H. H." box="[1149,1277,682,709]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404" pagination="35 - 47" refId="ref2761" refString="Ng, H. H. (2005 b). Two new species of Pseudolaguvia (Teleostei: Erethistidae) from Bangladesh. Zootaxa 1044: 35 - 47." type="journal article" year="2005">Ng (2005b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; pers. obs.), the individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="F.Day" authorityYear="1870" box="[1031,1183,720,746]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Erethistidae" genus="Hara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jerdoni">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1031,1183,720,746]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404">Hara jerdoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1862" box="[1203,1341,720,747]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Erethistidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Erethistidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) seem to remain at rest frequently supported by fin spines partially or fully erect amongst submerged vegetation. We also assume that the serrated dorsal and pectoral spine may help the fish to get entangled in aquatic vegetation, as some individuals were captured in a similar
|
||
<typeStatus box="[897,945,944,970]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of microhabitat.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[813,1425,235,1866]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404">The fish were generally found more towards river banks where water pressure is lower, dwelling under congested gaps of small stones or pebbles and also within the aquatic vegetation. The fish also dwell in small drainages with pebbly beds and aquatic grasses and feed on newly developed algae and minute debris particles on the substratum. The fish make clicking sounds when taken out from the water body (as per the information given by local fishermen).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[813,1425,235,1866]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404">
|
||
The hazardous techniques used are more dangerous than traditional methods as the fish remain hidden under the gaps of the substratum which are severely affected by electrocution and chemicals. This nonconventional method of fishing, enable the fishermen to collect a large number of fishes in a short time, but it poses a serious threat to this fish and to other bottom dwelling aquatic fauna (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Chaudhry, S. & L. Tamang" pageId="2" pageNumber="2404" pagination="1647 - 1648" refId="ref2373" refString="Chaudhry, S. & L. Tamang (2007). Need to adopt traditional fishing gear in Senkhi, Current Science 93 (12): 1647 - 1648." type="journal article" year="2007">Chaudhry & Tamang 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Traditionally, village fisher women (Mishing community) also collect this fish with a handmade circular netted disc (made up of cane and bamboo). This operation is done by removing the small stones and pebbles near river banks and also by dragging it through banks of small drainages consisting of aquatic vegetation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |