treatments-xml/data/F3/05/FD/F305FD2CC215E820FD0C1A14BF99FCBA.xml
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<document id="7152E22A7E53415E34D3A054BF1BF04A" ID-DOI="10.5252/z2009n3a10" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5397541" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630326484759" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Hugel, Sylvain" docDate="2009" docId="F305FD2CC215E820FD0C1A14BF99FCBA" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoosystema.2009.31.3.525-576.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 31 (3)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2009n3a10" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E638A3C99FA728B529662B46F84D75FD.3:Zoosystema.2009-2010.journal_article" docStyleId="E638A3C99FA728B529662B46F84D75FD" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2009-2010.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Phaneroptera gracilis Burmeister 1838" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="553" masterDocId="0F3C8554C20EE83CFFD71945BF4DFFF7" masterDocTitle="Gryllacrididae and Tettigoniidae (Insecta, Orthoptera, Ensifera) from Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu" masterLastPageNumber="576" masterPageNumber="525" pageNumber="552" updateTime="1699228595049" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="9E98B4CCC56DADD2F2A8280EEEB09BE6">Gryllacrididae and Tettigoniidae (Insecta, Orthoptera, Ensifera) from Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="80511C2E6035F7DC1288DA2FCF20151F" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="28A2AD7D03F77A12EF7CEBE263223441">Hugel, Sylvain</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="301C8CF853D00C50993061607CA4D9DF">INCI, UPR 3212 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 21 rue René Descartes, F- 67084 Strasbourg cedex (France) hugel @ neurochem. u-strasbg. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="63C1337137A5DF85FEC9F6A4360FD259">Zoosystema</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E8DACBD375C35EA92508B3BCE1483244">
<mods:date id="253412B2BB50AD1DFAF0F9ABB48FA71F">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B5C5A0305414DA43265AE12A4323B3BE">2009-09-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="37E5A554061DAD28BE456B87CEB2CCAF">31</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="73EB678076A0CF3F13FE19637DD06F56" type="ISSN">1638-9387</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="F305FD2CC215E820FD0C1A14BF99FCBA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5470635" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5470635" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F305FD2CC215E820FD0C1A14BF99FCBA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F305FD2CC215E820FD0C1A14BF99FCBA" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="553" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">
<subSubSection id="33B61FB1C215E827FD0C1A14BB56FC7C" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC215E827FD0C1A14BB56FC7C" blockId="27.[731,1155,849,908]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">
<heading id="205BFB56C215E827FD0C1A14BB56FC7C" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C215E827FD0C1A14BBCEFC9B" ID-CoL="4FT54" authority="Burmeister, 1838" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1838" box="[731,1155,849,876]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Phaneroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="49D89028C215E827FD0C1A14BC8CFC9B" bold="true" box="[731,961,849,876]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">Phaneroptera gracilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1F3D31CBC215E827FC1F1A14BBCEFC9B" author="BURMEISTER H." box="[968,1155,849,876]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" refId="ref32353" refString="BURMEISTER H. 1838. - Handbuch der Entomologie, Zweiter Band. Besondere Entomologie. Zweite Abtheilung Kaukerfe, Gymnognatha. Erste Halfte; vulgo Orthoptera. T. C. F. Enslin, Berlin, 299 p." type="book" year="1838">Burmeister, 1838</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="E39750BFC215E827FC9B1A34BCFEFC7C" box="[844,947,881,907]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="27.[113,124,1567,1584]" captionTargetBox="[134,633,217,1538]" captionTargetId="figure-12@27.[115,644,217,1535]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIG. 11. — A-E, SEM pictures of stridulatory files; F-H, right femur III in side views;A, Phaneroptera gracilis Burmeister, 1838; B, H, Conocephalus upoluensis (Karny,1907);C, G, C. semivittatus vittatus (Redtenbacher, 1891); D, F, C. oceanicus (Le Guillou, 1841);E, Pseudorhynchus lessonii Serville,1838.Scale bars:A-E, 100 μm; F-H, 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5397571" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5397571/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">Figs 11A</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="E39750BFC215E827FC681A34BB5FFC7C" box="[959,1042,881,908]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="34.[113,124,1567,1584]" captionTargetBox="[210,1078,215,1530]" captionTargetId="figure-19@34.[163,1160,214,1530]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIG. 15.— Calling songs:A, Ityocephala francoisi Bolívar,1903 specimen MNHN-ENSIF2188,20H30,21°C,2 m high,Cardiodactylus sp. (Eneopterinae cricket) and Salomona redtenbacheri Brongniart,1897 are singing around (grey); B, C, Phaneroptera gracilis (Burmeister, 1838),the specimen MNHN-ENSIF2200 has been IR filmed in order to distinguish its call (black) from the other calls (Conocephalus sp.and crickets,in grey) 0H30,20°C; D, Furnia insularis (Stål, 1876),the specimen MNHN-ENSIF2311 has been IR filmed in order to distinguish its calls (arrows) from the background calls (Cardiodactylus sp. and Salomona redtenbacheri, see Fig. 20) 20H00, 21°C, 3 m from the specimen; E, Pseudorhynchus lessonii Serville, 1838, specimen MNHN-ENSIF2282, 19H40, 22°C. All songs recorded in situ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5397579" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5397579/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">15B, C</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="33B61FB1C215E827FD721AE8BB1DFC31" box="[677,1104,941,966]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC215E827FD721AE8BB1DFC31" blockId="27.[677,1104,941,966]" box="[677,1104,941,966]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5BBC6B14C215E827FD721AE8BB1DFC31" box="[677,1104,941,966]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">
<treatmentCitation id="FA0D6A2BC215E827FD721AE8BB01FC31" author="BURMEISTER H." box="[677,1100,941,966]" page="690" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" year="1838">
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C215E827FD721AE8BB01FC31" ID-CoL="4FT54" authority="Burmeister, 1838: 690" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityPageNumber="690" authorityYear="1838" box="[677,1100,941,966]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Phaneroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="49D89028C215E827FD721AE8BC2AFC32" box="[677,871,941,965]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">Phaneroptera gracilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1F3D31CBC215E827FCBA1AEBBB01FC31" author="BURMEISTER H." box="[877,1100,942,966]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" refId="ref32353" refString="BURMEISTER H. 1838. - Handbuch der Entomologie, Zweiter Band. Besondere Entomologie. Zweite Abtheilung Kaukerfe, Gymnognatha. Erste Halfte; vulgo Orthoptera. T. C. F. Enslin, Berlin, 299 p." type="book" year="1838">Burmeister, 1838: 690</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="33B61FB1C215E827FD721AA4BCC0F9F1" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC215E827FD721AA4BC7BFB45" blockId="27.[675,1211,993,1202]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">
TYPE MATERIAL. — Gracilis
<collectingRegion id="B96882D8C215E827FC101AA4BCBEFC0E" box="[967,1011,993,1017]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">Java</collectingRegion>
. MB [manuscript]; probably type of
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C215E827FC901ABEBBF6FBE4" authority="Burmeister, 1838" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1838" box="[839,1211,1019,1043]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Phaneroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
Phaneroptera gracilis
<bibRefCitation id="1F3D31CBC215E827FBC21ABEBBF6FBE4" author="BURMEISTER H." box="[1045,1211,1019,1043]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" refId="ref32353" refString="BURMEISTER H. 1838. - Handbuch der Entomologie, Zweiter Band. Besondere Entomologie. Zweite Abtheilung Kaukerfe, Gymnognatha. Erste Halfte; vulgo Orthoptera. T. C. F. Enslin, Berlin, 299 p." type="book" year="1838">Burmeister, 1838</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
det. S. Ingrisch 2001 [printed];
<materialsCitation id="CBC44667C215E827FC051D53BCC8FB95" collectionCode="MLUH" location="Gracilis" municipality="Not" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Jawa Timur" typeStatus="syntype">
DORSA, ATphagraS01 [printed],
<specimenCount id="6DAA87B3C215E827FCD41D76BC59FBB0" box="[771,788,1075,1095]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" type="female"></specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="A417F298C215E827FCCF1D75BC12FBBF" box="[792,863,1072,1096]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="1DBDD4FFC215E827FCBD1D75BCF5FBBF" box="[874,952,1072,1096]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pvva-bewi" name="Martin Luther Universitaet" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">MLUH</collectionCode>
).
<collectingMunicipality id="9B77D640C215E827FC101D75BCA0FBBF" box="[967,1005,1072,1096]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">Not</collectingMunicipality>
examined. —
<location id="7E731AE1C215E827FBA51D75BBF7FBBF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F305FD2CC215E820FD0C1A14BF99FCBA:7E731AE1C215E827FBA51D75BBF7FBBF" box="[1138,1210,1072,1096]" municipality="Not" name="Gracilis" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" stateProvince="Jawa Timur">Gracilis</location>
<collectingRegion id="B96882D8C215E827FD741D0FBD83FB95" box="[675,718,1098,1122]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">Java</collectingRegion>
. MB [manuscript]
</materialsCitation>
; probably type of
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C215E827FBE21D0FBCDDFB8A" authority="Burmeister, 1838" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1838" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Phaneroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
Phaneroptera gracilis
<bibRefCitation id="1F3D31CBC215E827FD3C1D20BCDDFB8A" author="BURMEISTER H." box="[747,912,1125,1149]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" refId="ref32353" refString="BURMEISTER H. 1838. - Handbuch der Entomologie, Zweiter Band. Besondere Entomologie. Zweite Abtheilung Kaukerfe, Gymnognatha. Erste Halfte; vulgo Orthoptera. T. C. F. Enslin, Berlin, 299 p." type="book" year="1838">Burmeister, 1838</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
det. S. Ingrisch 2001 [printed];
<materialsCitation id="CBC44667C215E827FD741D3ABC7CFB45" collectionCode="MLUH" location="Not" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Jawa Timur" typeStatus="syntype">
DORSA, ATphagraS01 [printed],
<specimenCount id="6DAA87B3C215E827FC381DC7BB4EFB61" box="[1007,1027,1154,1174]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" type="male"></specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="A417F298C215E827FBDE1D3ABB1EFB60" box="[1033,1107,1151,1175]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="1DBDD4FFC215E827FB881D3ABBFDFB60" box="[1119,1200,1151,1175]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pvva-bewi" name="Martin Luther Universitaet" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">MLUH</collectionCode>
).
<location id="7E731AE1C215E827FD741DDFBD87FB45" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F305FD2CC215E820FD0C1A14BF99FCBA:7E731AE1C215E827FD741DDFBD87FB45" box="[675,714,1178,1202]" name="Not" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" stateProvince="Jawa Timur">Not</location>
examined
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC215E827FD721D88BB3EFB12" blockId="27.[677,1139,1229,1253]" box="[677,1139,1229,1253]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">
<typeStatus id="A417F298C215E827FD721D88BD98FB14" box="[677,725,1229,1252]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">TYPE</typeStatus>
LOCALITY. — Tropical Asia,
<collectingCountry id="03BB0CAAC215E827FC391D88BB76FB12" box="[1006,1083,1229,1253]" name="Malaysia" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">Malesia</collectingCountry>
, Java.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC215E827FD721C45BCC0F9F1" blockId="27.[674,1210,1280,1542]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">
MATERIAL EXAMINED. —
<emphasis id="49D89028C215E827FC4F1C45BCBFFAEF" bold="true" box="[920,1010,1280,1304]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">
<collectingCountry id="03BB0CAAC215E827FC4F1C45BCA3FAEF" box="[920,1006,1280,1304]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCount id="6DAA87B3C215E827FBD61C45BB68FAE0" box="[1025,1061,1280,1304]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="6DAA87B3C215E827FBE71C45BB29FAE0" box="[1072,1124,1280,1304]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
),
<collectingRegion id="B96882D8C215E827FBAF1C45BDB4FAC5" country="Vanuatu" name="Sanma" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">Sanma Province</collectingRegion>
, Espiritu Santo Isl., Luganville, site du CTRAV,
<geoCoordinate id="1E982AFDC215E827FD741C70BC5FFABA" box="[675,786,1333,1357]" degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-15.45">15°2700”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1E982AFDC215E827FCCD1C70BCD5FABA" box="[794,920,1333,1357]" degrees="167" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" precision="15" seconds="26" value="167.20721">167°1226”E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="BC54E1DFC215E827FC771C70BC9FFABA" box="[928,978,1333,1357]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
alt., zone herbacée, nuit, Exped. Santo 2006,
<date id="0F126AFAC215E827FCBC1C0ABC9AFA90" box="[875,983,1359,1383]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" value="2006-10-12">12.X.2006</date>
, coll. T. Robillard,
<specimenCount id="6DAA87B3C215E827FB441C0ABBFAFA91" box="[1171,1207,1359,1383]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(SH-046) (MNHN-ENSIF2198). — Same locality, sur graminées
<quantity id="BC54E1DFC215E827FCD21CC1BC72FA6B" box="[773,831,1412,1436]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" unit="cm" value="80.0">80 cm</quantity>
de haut, Exped. Santo 2006,
<date id="0F126AFAC215E827FB9A1CC1BBF9FA6B" box="[1101,1204,1412,1436]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" value="2006-10-29">29.X.2006</date>
, coll. S. Hugel,
<specimenCount id="6DAA87B3C215E827FCFB1CDABC1DFA41" box="[812,848,1439,1463]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(SH-047) (MNHN-ENSIF2199). — Same locality, sur graminées
<quantity id="BC54E1DFC215E827FC6D1CFCBCB5FA26" box="[954,1016,1465,1489]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" unit="cm" value="80.0">80 cm</quantity>
de haut, enregistré, Exped.Santo 2006,
<date id="0F126AFAC215E827FC8D1C91BCF2FA1B" box="[858,959,1492,1516]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" value="2006-10-29">29.X.2006</date>
, coll.S. Hugel,
<specimenCount id="6DAA87B3C215E827FB9E1C92BB10FA1C" box="[1097,1117,1495,1515]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" type="male"></specimenCount>
(SH-048) (MNHN-ENSIF2200).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="2FD31CB2C215E827FFA61F5ABE6EF956" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5397571" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5397571" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5397571/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" startId="27.[113,124,1567,1584]" targetBox="[134,633,217,1538]" targetPageId="27">
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC215E827FFA61F5ABE6EF956" blockId="27.[112,648,1567,1697]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">
FIG. 11. —
<emphasis id="49D89028C215E827FF021F5ABFBBF9C7" bold="true" box="[213,246,1567,1584]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">A -E</emphasis>
, SEM pictures of stridulatory files;
<emphasis id="49D89028C215E827FDE61F5ABD1FF9C7" bold="true" box="[561,594,1567,1584]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">F -H</emphasis>
, right femur III in side views;
<emphasis id="49D89028C215E827FEFC1F70BE75F9B1" bold="true" box="[299,312,1589,1606]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">A</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C215E827FE951F70BDC9F9B0" authority="Burmeister, 1838" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1838" box="[322,644,1589,1607]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Phaneroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="49D89028C215E827FE951F70BEBDF9B1" box="[322,496,1589,1606]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">Phaneroptera gracilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1F3D31CBC215E827FE221F73BDC9F9B0" author="BURMEISTER H." box="[501,644,1590,1607]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" refId="ref32353" refString="BURMEISTER H. 1838. - Handbuch der Entomologie, Zweiter Band. Besondere Entomologie. Zweite Abtheilung Kaukerfe, Gymnognatha. Erste Halfte; vulgo Orthoptera. T. C. F. Enslin, Berlin, 299 p." type="book" year="1838">Burmeister, 1838</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="49D89028C215E827FFA61F09BF33F9AA" bold="true" box="[113,126,1612,1629]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">B</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="49D89028C215E827FF501F09BFD8F9AA" bold="true" box="[135,149,1612,1629]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">H</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C215E827FF4A1F09BE90F9AA" authority="(Karny, 1907)" baseAuthorityName="Karny" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[157,477,1612,1629]" class="Insecta" family="Dryophthoridae" genus="Conocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="upoluensis">
<emphasis id="49D89028C215E827FF4A1F09BE20F9AA" box="[157,365,1612,1629]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">Conocephalus upoluensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1F3D31CBC215E827FEA11F09BE94F9AA" author="KARNY H. H." box="[374,473,1612,1629]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" pagination="1 - 114" refId="ref32823" refString="KARNY H. H. 1907. - Revisio Conocephalidarum. Abhandlungen der zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft Wien 4: 1 - 114." type="journal article" year="1907">Karny,1907</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="49D89028C215E827FE341F09BEBCF9AA" bold="true" box="[483,497,1612,1629]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="49D89028C215E827FE2E1F09BD4AF9AA" bold="true" box="[505,519,1612,1629]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">G</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C215E827FDC71F09BE3DF983" authority="(Redtenbacher, 1891)" baseAuthorityName="Redtenbacher" baseAuthorityYear="1891" class="Insecta" family="Dryophthoridae" genus="Conocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="semivittatus" subSpecies="vittatus">
<emphasis id="49D89028C215E827FDC71F09BFE3F983" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">C. semivittatus vittatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1F3D31CBC215E827FF6E1F26BE27F983" author="REDTENBACHER J." box="[185,362,1635,1652]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" pagination="315 - 562" refId="ref33485" refString="REDTENBACHER J. 1891. - Monographie der Conocephaliden. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft Wien 41: 315 - 562." type="journal article" year="1891">Redtenbacher, 1891</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="49D89028C215E827FEAC1F26BEC4F983" bold="true" box="[379,393,1635,1652]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">D</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="49D89028C215E827FE421F26BEEDF983" bold="true" box="[405,416,1635,1652]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">F</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C215E827FE7A1F26BFE9F97C" authority="(Le Guillou, 1841)" baseAuthorityName="Le Guillou" baseAuthorityYear="1841" class="Insecta" family="Dryophthoridae" genus="Conocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oceanicus">
<emphasis id="49D89028C215E827FE7A1F26BD53F983" box="[429,542,1635,1652]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">C. oceanicus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1F3D31CBC215E827FDFE1F26BFD2F97C" author="LE GUILLOU E. J. F." pageId="27" pageNumber="552" pagination="291 - 295" refId="ref33284" refString="LE GUILLOU E. J. F. 1841. - Description de 23 especes nouvelles d'Orthopteres, recueillies pendant son voyage autour du monde sur La Zelee. Revue zoologique par la Societe cuvierienne 4: 291 - 295." type="journal article" year="1841">Le Guillou, 1841</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="49D89028C215E827FF7F1F3CBFF9F97D" bold="true" box="[168,180,1657,1674]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">E</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C215E827FF6A1F3CBEB0F97C" authority="Serville, 1838" authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1838" box="[189,509,1657,1675]" class="Insecta" family="Trigonostomidae" genus="Pseudorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lessonii">
<emphasis id="49D89028C215E827FF6A1F3CBEC5F97D" box="[189,392,1657,1674]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">Pseudorhynchus lessonii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1F3D31CBC215E827FE5B1F3FBEB0F97C" author="SERVILLE J. G. A." box="[396,509,1658,1675]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" refId="ref33580" refString="SERVILLE J. G. A. 1838. - Histoire naturelle des Insectes. Orthopteres. Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 776 p." type="book" year="1838">Serville,1838</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.Scale bars:A-E, 100 μm; F-H, 10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="33B61FB1C215E820FD721F64BD1EFED3" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="553" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC215E827FD721F64BC37F954" blockId="27.[677,1210,1569,1699]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">
DISTRIBUTION.
<emphasis id="49D89028C215E827FCEC1F64BB55F9CE" box="[827,1048,1569,1593]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C215E827FC8E1F64BB55F9CE" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1838" box="[857,1048,1569,1593]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Phaneroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">Phaneroptera gracilis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is widely distributed in the World tropical areas (
<bibRefCitation id="1F3D31CBC215E827FC3C1F7EBB28F9A4" author="RAGGE D. R." box="[1003,1125,1595,1619]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" pagination="205 - 283" refId="ref33405" refString="RAGGE D. R. 1956. - A revision of the genera Phaneroptera Serville and Nephoptera Uvarov (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae), with conclusions of zoogeographical and evolutionary interest. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 127: 205 - 283." type="journal article" year="1956">Ragge 1956</bibRefCitation>
). To our knowledge, this species is recorded for the first time in
<collectingCountry id="03BB0CAAC215E827FD721F35BDB6F97F" box="[677,763,1648,1672]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
. Th is observation constitutes the eastern most locality of the species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC212E820FFA6199DBD1EFED3" blockId="28.[113,647,215,292]" pageId="28" pageNumber="553">
HABITAT AND LIFE HISTORY TRAITS.
<emphasis id="49D89028C212E820FE641992BDCAFF18" box="[435,647,215,239]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="553">
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C212E820FE071992BDCAFF18" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1838" box="[464,647,215,239]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Phaneroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">Phaneroptera gracilis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
has only been found in a man made opened area, with only tall grasses (entirely lacking ligneous plants).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="33B61FB1C212E820FFA61812BF99FCBA" pageId="28" pageNumber="553" type="description">
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC212E820FFA61812BED3FE98" blockId="28.[112,646,343,496]" box="[113,414,343,369]" pageId="28" pageNumber="553">DESCRIPTION COMPLEMENT</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC212E820FFA61833BE68FE07" blockId="28.[112,646,343,496]" pageId="28" pageNumber="553">
Stridulatory file:With 88 lamellar teeth; with usual “S” shape in the genus: 44 wide and widely spaced proximal teeth, 44 small and shortly spaced distal teeth (
<figureCitation id="E39750BFC212E820FF611890BE55FE07" box="[182,280,469,496]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="27.[113,124,1567,1584]" captionTargetBox="[134,633,217,1538]" captionTargetId="figure-12@27.[115,644,217,1535]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIG. 11. — A-E, SEM pictures of stridulatory files; F-H, right femur III in side views;A, Phaneroptera gracilis Burmeister, 1838; B, H, Conocephalus upoluensis (Karny,1907);C, G, C. semivittatus vittatus (Redtenbacher, 1891); D, F, C. oceanicus (Le Guillou, 1841);E, Pseudorhynchus lessonii Serville,1838.Scale bars:A-E, 100 μm; F-H, 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5397571" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5397571/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="553">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC212E820FFA61B53BEE0FDC7" blockId="28.[111,647,533,845]" box="[113,429,533,560]" pageId="28" pageNumber="553">
CALLING SONG (
<figureCitation id="E39750BFC212E820FEF61B53BEE8FDC7" box="[289,421,533,560]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="34.[113,124,1567,1584]" captionTargetBox="[210,1078,215,1530]" captionTargetId="figure-19@34.[163,1160,214,1530]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIG. 15.— Calling songs:A, Ityocephala francoisi Bolívar,1903 specimen MNHN-ENSIF2188,20H30,21°C,2 m high,Cardiodactylus sp. (Eneopterinae cricket) and Salomona redtenbacheri Brongniart,1897 are singing around (grey); B, C, Phaneroptera gracilis (Burmeister, 1838),the specimen MNHN-ENSIF2200 has been IR filmed in order to distinguish its call (black) from the other calls (Conocephalus sp.and crickets,in grey) 0H30,20°C; D, Furnia insularis (Stål, 1876),the specimen MNHN-ENSIF2311 has been IR filmed in order to distinguish its calls (arrows) from the background calls (Cardiodactylus sp. and Salomona redtenbacheri, see Fig. 20) 20H00, 21°C, 3 m from the specimen; E, Pseudorhynchus lessonii Serville, 1838, specimen MNHN-ENSIF2282, 19H40, 22°C. All songs recorded in situ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5397579" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5397579/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="553">FIG. 15B, C</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC212E820FFA61B71BF99FCBA" blockId="28.[111,647,533,845]" pageId="28" pageNumber="553">
One male has been recorded and IR filmed in the field (SH-048, MNHN-ENSIF2200). At 28°C, the call of this species consists of irregular widely spaced (90 s) echemes.Individual echemes last 0.9-
<geoCoordinate id="1E982AFDC212E820FDFC1BD6BD14FD59" box="[555,601,659,686]" degrees="1.6" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="553" precision="5555" value="-1.6">1.6 s</geoCoordinate>
and consists of 12-17 syllables. Th e calling frequency first harmonic peaks in the ultrasound range (
<emphasis id="49D89028C212E820FDCB1B96BD61FD1B" box="[540,556,723,748]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="553">c.</emphasis>
22 kHz; many
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C212E820FF641BB7BE73FCFA" box="[179,318,754,781]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Lebinthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="49D89028C212E820FF641BB7BE54FCFB" box="[179,281,754,780]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="553">Lebinthus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C212E820FEA61BB7BD6CFCFA" box="[369,545,754,781]" class="Insecta" family="Dryophthoridae" genus="Conocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="49D89028C212E820FEA61BB7BEB0FCFB" box="[369,509,754,780]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="553">Conocephalus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
songs are covering the recording, preventing a more precise analysis).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>