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<document id="E06E332448AD6DEA846244599F76AD6D" ID-CLB-Dataset="54559" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2022.852.2013" ID-GBIF-Dataset="04f3457f-8b70-471b-a9f4-17014ee644e8" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7471123" ID-ZooBank="9E27CD6B-6C66-40AC-AAEA-34598766B9C7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1671676038130" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Huang, Xiu-Dong, Chen, Xiang-Sheng, Yang, Lin &amp; Long, Jian-Kun" docDate="2022" docId="1E52E941FF84FFF743649EDBEF54E5D8" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-852_85-97.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 852 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.852.2013" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Gigasanalis Long &amp; Chen 2022, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="D1D8B477-0301-4617-BEF1-7017E32BD4A1" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="88" masterDocId="E26B9139FF86FFF441789A38EA08E23D" masterDocTitle="Gigasanalis, a new genus of the tribe Achilini with the description of a new species from China (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Achilidae)" masterLastPageNumber="97" masterPageNumber="85" pageNumber="87" updateTime="1699413824193" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="8D31FF71A8A7640409138C76C3BC06D6">Gigasanalis, a new genus of the tribe Achilini with the description of a new species from China (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Achilidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AD7F90B630277792E5DBAAC21112FB47">Huang, Xiu-Dong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C389CA5B0A59902F50DE07BB4D2F4074">Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University; Special Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Insect Resources of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P. R. China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="558AC75D8CFF8DC43AB9E66D0081745F">Chen, Xiang-Sheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9C5B8DCA45780A904863D4F6F93B4F84">Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University; Special Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Insect Resources of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P. R. China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DBD8BB8C8A44BB5BAF7E0417EBCC2E81">Yang, Lin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FAA35734BCA123B00413C4CDDA34346B">Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University; Special Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Insect Resources of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P. R. China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A2EF0F29A636E55A4A60881D7B03197E">Long, Jian-Kun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4632EF19DBF1D958BE8A3436A5D1991D">Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University; Special Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Insect Resources of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P. R. China.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2F8B4D2EB5E8944170D0960B347C3C69" type="email">longjiankun123@163.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="77A1656C4F7430F0D67A323F18C4DF5E">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5506EC1B9F6077092FA0B12348EB6291">2022</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="96445857FF84FFF643649EDBEE10E6C0" blockId="2.[368,1219,1250,1311]" box="[540,1048,1250,1277]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<heading id="CD0CEF3BFF84FFF643649EDBEE10E6C0" box="[540,1048,1250,1277]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" reason="2">
Genus
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<emphasis id="A48F8445FF84FFF643169EDAE8F5E6C0" bold="true" box="[622,765,1250,1277]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Gigasanalis</emphasis>
Long &amp; Chen
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="BFBC393EFF84FFF642D59EDBEE10E6C0" box="[941,1048,1251,1277]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<heading id="CD0CEF3BFF84FFF641C59F7FEB50E75C" bold="true" box="[189,344,1351,1377]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A48F8445FF84FFF641C59F7FEB50E75C" bold="true" box="[189,344,1351,1377]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<typeStatus id="4940E6F5FF84FFF641C59F7FEAF2E75C" box="[189,250,1351,1377]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Type</typeStatus>
species
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<paragraph id="96445857FF84FFF641C59F4DEE40E7B2" blockId="2.[189,1096,1397,1424]" box="[189,1096,1397,1424]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<taxonomicName id="51FB23D4FF84FFF641C59F4DE8CBE7B2" authority="Long &amp; Chen" authorityName="Long &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2022" box="[189,707,1397,1424]" class="Insecta" family="Achilidae" genus="Gigasanalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jianfenglingensis" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A48F8445FF84FFF641C59F4DE812E7B2" box="[189,538,1397,1423]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Gigasanalis jianfenglingensis</emphasis>
Long &amp; Chen
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="BFBC393EFF84FFF643B39F4EE975E7AD" box="[715,893,1398,1424]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, here designated.
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<subSubSection id="DEE10BDCFF84FFF641C59F8FE94AE4B1" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="diagnosis">
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<heading id="CD0CEF3BFF84FFF641C59F8FEB3EE7EC" bold="true" box="[189,310,1463,1489]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A48F8445FF84FFF641C59F8FEB3EE7EC" bold="true" box="[189,310,1463,1489]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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The new genus differs from other taxa of
<taxonomicName id="51FB23D4FF84FFF643D09FDDE985E7C2" authority="Stal, 1866" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1866" box="[680,909,1509,1536]" class="Insecta" family="Achilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Achilina">Achilina Stål, 1866</taxonomicName>
by the following characters: 1) the genus is readily distinguished from other known genera in the tribe
<taxonomicName id="51FB23D4FF84FFF642FF9C31E9EFE41E" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1866" box="[903,999,1545,1571]" class="Insecta" family="Achilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Achilini">Achilini</taxonomicName>
by disc of pronotum with anterior margin roundly concave; 2) stem MP forked in front of claval apex (Stem MP forked apicad of claval apex in
<taxonomicName id="51FB23D4FF84FFF640679C77E81AE454" authority="Kirby, 1818" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1818" box="[287,530,1615,1641]" class="Insecta" family="Achilidae" genus="Achilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A48F8445FF84FFF640679C77EB7FE454" box="[287,375,1615,1641]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Achilus</emphasis>
Kirby, 1818
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="51FB23D4FF84FFF643599C77EE77E454" authority="Guglielmino, Buckle &amp; Emeljanov, 2010" authorityName="Guglielmino, Buckle &amp; Emeljanov" authorityYear="2010" box="[545,1151,1615,1641]" class="Insecta" family="Achilidae" genus="Olmiana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A48F8445FF84FFF643599C77E880E454" box="[545,648,1615,1641]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Olmiana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F26A25A6FF84FFF643EA9C77EE77E454" author="Guglielmino A. &amp; Buckle C. &amp; Emeljanov A. F." box="[658,1151,1615,1641]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" pagination="47 - 58" refId="ref5740" refString="Guglielmino A., Buckle C. &amp; Emeljanov A. F. 2010. Olmiana argentina, a new genus and species of Achilidae (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha) from Argentina. Zootaxa 2661 (1): 47 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2661.1.3" type="journal article" year="2010">Guglielmino, Bückle &amp; Emeljanov, 2010</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="51FB23D4FF84FFF645C59C68EAF0E4B1" authority="Distant, 1907" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Achilidae" genus="Ouwea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A48F8445FF84FFF645C59C68EF18E457" box="[1213,1296,1616,1642]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Ouwea</emphasis>
Distant, 1907
</taxonomicName>
); 3) tegmen with wavy branches of MP and CuA.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="DEE10BDCFF84FFF641C59C8CE861E522" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="etymology">
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<heading id="CD0CEF3BFF84FFF641C59C8CEB4CE4F3" bold="true" box="[189,324,1716,1742]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A48F8445FF84FFF641C59C8CEB4CE4F3" bold="true" box="[189,324,1716,1742]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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The genus name, which is masculine, is a combination of gigas and analis, indicates the new genus has a large anal segment in
<taxonomicName id="51FB23D4FF84FFF643799D3DE86DE522" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1866" box="[513,613,1797,1823]" class="Insecta" family="Achilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Achilini">Achilini</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="DEE10BDCFF84FFF741C59D7FEE8DE53A" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="description">
<paragraph id="96445857FF84FFF641C59D7FEB46E55C" blockId="2.[189,334,1863,1889]" box="[189,334,1863,1889]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<heading id="CD0CEF3BFF84FFF641C59D7FEB46E55C" bold="true" box="[189,334,1863,1889]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A48F8445FF84FFF641C59D7FEB46E55C" bold="true" box="[189,334,1863,1889]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="96445857FF84FFF741C59D4DE95BE3C9" blockId="2.[189,1399,1907,2005]" lastBlockId="3.[189,1400,265,500]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
HEAD. Width of head with eyes less than ⅔ of width of pronotum. Vertex flat, the anterior margins obvious, posterior margins carinate, lateral carina present and straight, median carina stronger and thicker (
<figureCitation id="0EC044D2FF84FFF640679D82EB60E5E8" box="[287,360,1978,2005]" captionStart="Figs 57" captionStartId="5.[189,241,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[196,1398,1506,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-301@5.[189,1398,1502,1922]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 57. Gigasanalis jianfenglingensis Long &amp; Chen sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (IEGU). 5. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 6. Head, lateral view. 7. Face. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7471129" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7471129/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Frons median carina in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="0EC044D2FF84FFF6424C9D82E974E5E9" box="[820,892,1978,2004]" captionStart="Figs 57" captionStartId="5.[189,241,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[196,1398,1506,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-301@5.[189,1398,1502,1922]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 57. Gigasanalis jianfenglingensis Long &amp; Chen sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (IEGU). 5. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 6. Head, lateral view. 7. Face. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7471129" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7471129/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
), upper margin subtruncate, median carina complete, lateral margins carinate, sinuously diverging to below level of antennae thence gradually incurved to suture (
<figureCitation id="0EC044D2FF85FFF740D99B14EBE1E37B" box="[417,489,300,326]" captionStart="Figs 57" captionStartId="5.[189,241,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[196,1398,1506,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-301@5.[189,1398,1502,1922]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 57. Gigasanalis jianfenglingensis Long &amp; Chen sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (IEGU). 5. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 6. Head, lateral view. 7. Face. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7471129" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7471129/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). Clypeus with median carina weak, surface concave, fronto-clypeal cuneate, posterior margin at border of lora is strengthened, converging and not passing to clypeus, but lora and clypeus not fused (
<figureCitation id="0EC044D2FF85FFF740D89B49EBE1E3B6" box="[416,489,369,395]" captionStart="Figs 57" captionStartId="5.[189,241,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[196,1398,1506,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-301@5.[189,1398,1502,1922]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 57. Gigasanalis jianfenglingensis Long &amp; Chen sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (IEGU). 5. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 6. Head, lateral view. 7. Face. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7471129" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7471129/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). Rostrum long, just exceeding metacoxae, with apical segment shorter than subapical segment, about 0.6× as long as subapical segment. Antenna setaceous, scapus short, pedicel truncately subglobose, flagellum degradation or absent (
<figureCitation id="0EC044D2FF85FFF7421B9B8EE9A5E3ED" box="[867,941,438,464]" captionStart="Figs 57" captionStartId="5.[189,241,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[196,1398,1506,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-301@5.[189,1398,1502,1922]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 57. Gigasanalis jianfenglingensis Long &amp; Chen sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (IEGU). 5. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 6. Head, lateral view. 7. Face. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7471129" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7471129/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). Ocelli separated from eyes (
<figureCitation id="0EC044D2FF85FFF744659B8EEF60E3EC" box="[1309,1384,438,465]" captionStart="Figs 57" captionStartId="5.[189,241,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[196,1398,1506,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-301@5.[189,1398,1502,1922]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 57. Gigasanalis jianfenglingensis Long &amp; Chen sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (IEGU). 5. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 6. Head, lateral view. 7. Face. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7471129" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7471129/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Pronotum slightly shielding eyes in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="0EC044D2FF85FFF743849BE1E94CE3C9" box="[764,836,473,500]" captionStart="Figs 57" captionStartId="5.[189,241,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[196,1398,1506,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-301@5.[189,1398,1502,1922]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 57. Gigasanalis jianfenglingensis Long &amp; Chen sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (IEGU). 5. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 6. Head, lateral view. 7. Face. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7471129" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7471129/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="96445857FF85FFF741C59822EF7DE0DF" blockId="3.[187,1399,538,738]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
THORAX. Pronotum in mid line shorter than vertex; anterior margin of disk roundly concave, posterior margin elevated, with an incision angle of 145 degrees, median carina distinct, lateral carinae roundly convex towards eyes, not reaching hind margin; anterior margin of pronotal disc is placed between compound eyes at about half (
<figureCitation id="0EC044D2FF85FFF7436B98BAE85FE0A0" box="[531,599,642,669]" captionStart="Figs 57" captionStartId="5.[189,241,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[196,1398,1506,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-301@5.[189,1398,1502,1922]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 57. Gigasanalis jianfenglingensis Long &amp; Chen sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (IEGU). 5. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 6. Head, lateral view. 7. Face. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7471129" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7471129/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Mesonotum with scutellum nearly diamond, median area flat, lateral sections slope down, three carinae weak, median and lateral carinae nearly parallel, lateral carinae reaching posterior margin, median carina passing to mesoscutellum, mesoscutellum with transverse stripes (
<figureCitation id="0EC044D2FF85FFF7445998FFEF6EE0DF" box="[1313,1382,711,738]" captionStart="Figs 57" captionStartId="5.[189,241,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[196,1398,1506,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-301@5.[189,1398,1502,1922]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 57. Gigasanalis jianfenglingensis Long &amp; Chen sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (IEGU). 5. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 6. Head, lateral view. 7. Face. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7471129" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7471129/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="96445857FF85FFF741C59931E83FE69D" blockId="3.[188,1399,776,1184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
WINGS. Fore wing with costal margin slightly convex; apical margin roundly convex; posterior margin with an angle of 155 degrees at apex of clavus; postcostal cell with one crossvein slightly basad of ScP+R forking; costal field with bent recurrent secondary veins; longitudinal veins ScP+R and MP arising as short common stem from basal cell, about ⅓ of length of ScP+R; stem ScP+R approximately 2/5 of length of tegmina (
<figureCitation id="0EC044D2FF85FFF740A499ABE82AE190" box="[476,546,915,941]" captionStart="Figs 89" captionStartId="6.[189,242,1716,1742]" captionTargetBox="[233,1366,301,1658]" captionTargetId="figure-20@6.[221,1367,265,1674]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 89. Gigasanalis jianfenglingensis Long &amp; Chen sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (IEGU). 8. Fore wing. 9. Hind wing. Abbreviations: A1 = First anal vein; A2 = Second anal vein; bc = Basal cell; C1 = Cell C1; C2 = Cell C2; C3 = Cell C3; C4 = Cell C4; C5 = Cell C5; Cu= Cubitus; CuA = Cubitus anterior; CuP = Cubitus posterior; m-cu = Transverse veinlet between media and cubitus; MP = Media posterior; Pcu + A1 = Postcubitus + First anal vein; Pcu = Postcubitus; r-m = Transverse veinlet between radius posterior and media; RA = Radius anterior; RP = Radius posterior; Sc + R = Subcosta + Radius; ScP + R (+ MA) = Subcosta posterior + Radius (+ Media anterior); ScP + R + M = Subcosta posterior + Radius + Media; ScP + RA = Subcosta posterior + Radius anterior; ScP = Subcosta posterior; ScRA = Subcosta + Radius anterior; WCA = Wing coupling apparatus. Scale bars: = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7471135" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7471135/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Vein ScP+RA with fork clearly before RP fork, ending on costal margin with 78 terminals; vein RP with fork plainly after MP fork, ending on costal margin with 56 terminals; vein MP with fork plainly after CuA fork, before apex of clavus, with 67 terminals; veins MP and CuA with wavy branches, cell C4 with many cross veins; CuA with the first fork distinctly before ScP+RA fork, with 23 terminals; clavus terminating at middle of forewing, Pcu with 23 false transverse veins (
<figureCitation id="0EC044D2FF85FFF741BE9E78EB18E667" box="[198,272,1088,1114]" captionStart="Figs 89" captionStartId="6.[189,242,1716,1742]" captionTargetBox="[233,1366,301,1658]" captionTargetId="figure-20@6.[221,1367,265,1674]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 89. Gigasanalis jianfenglingensis Long &amp; Chen sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (IEGU). 8. Fore wing. 9. Hind wing. Abbreviations: A1 = First anal vein; A2 = Second anal vein; bc = Basal cell; C1 = Cell C1; C2 = Cell C2; C3 = Cell C3; C4 = Cell C4; C5 = Cell C5; Cu= Cubitus; CuA = Cubitus anterior; CuP = Cubitus posterior; m-cu = Transverse veinlet between media and cubitus; MP = Media posterior; Pcu + A1 = Postcubitus + First anal vein; Pcu = Postcubitus; r-m = Transverse veinlet between radius posterior and media; RA = Radius anterior; RP = Radius posterior; Sc + R = Subcosta + Radius; ScP + R (+ MA) = Subcosta posterior + Radius (+ Media anterior); ScP + R + M = Subcosta posterior + Radius + Media; ScP + RA = Subcosta posterior + Radius anterior; ScP = Subcosta posterior; ScRA = Subcosta + Radius anterior; WCA = Wing coupling apparatus. Scale bars: = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7471135" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7471135/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Hind wing with simple ScP+RA, reaching margin based of apex, branch RP vein with 12 terminals, stem MP with 2 terminals (MP 1+2 and MP 3+4 not branched), vein CuA with 4 terminals, vein A2 with blind branches (
<figureCitation id="0EC044D2FF85FFF740999EBDE820E69D" box="[481,552,1157,1184]" captionStart="Figs 89" captionStartId="6.[189,242,1716,1742]" captionTargetBox="[233,1366,301,1658]" captionTargetId="figure-20@6.[221,1367,265,1674]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 89. Gigasanalis jianfenglingensis Long &amp; Chen sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (IEGU). 8. Fore wing. 9. Hind wing. Abbreviations: A1 = First anal vein; A2 = Second anal vein; bc = Basal cell; C1 = Cell C1; C2 = Cell C2; C3 = Cell C3; C4 = Cell C4; C5 = Cell C5; Cu= Cubitus; CuA = Cubitus anterior; CuP = Cubitus posterior; m-cu = Transverse veinlet between media and cubitus; MP = Media posterior; Pcu + A1 = Postcubitus + First anal vein; Pcu = Postcubitus; r-m = Transverse veinlet between radius posterior and media; RA = Radius anterior; RP = Radius posterior; Sc + R = Subcosta + Radius; ScP + R (+ MA) = Subcosta posterior + Radius (+ Media anterior); ScP + R + M = Subcosta posterior + Radius + Media; ScP + RA = Subcosta posterior + Radius anterior; ScP = Subcosta posterior; ScRA = Subcosta + Radius anterior; WCA = Wing coupling apparatus. Scale bars: = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7471135" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7471135/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="96445857FF85FFF741C59EFFE814E756" blockId="3.[189,1399,1222,1388]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
LEGS. Post-tibiae with a lateral spine at basal 2/5. Metatibia with 78 apical teeth, rightmost apical teeth obviously larger, arrangement in slanting; basimetatarsomere with row of 13 apical teeth, each tooth with platellae except for marginal ones; midmetatarsomere with 1415 apical teeth, arrangement in arcuate, each tooth with platellae except for marginal ones, internal spines; metatibio-tarsal formula 7(8)1314(15) (
<figureCitation id="0EC044D2FF85FFF740FE9F69E818E756" box="[390,528,1361,1387]" captionStart="Figs 1723" captionStartId="8.[189,242,1746,1772]" captionTargetBox="[199,1380,877,1660]" captionTargetId="figure-226@8.[189,1398,866,1700]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs 1723. Gigasanalis jianfenglingensis Long &amp; Chen sp. nov. 1721. Paratype, ♀ (IEGU). 2223. Paratype, ♂ (IEGU). 17. Female genitalia, ventral view. 18. Anal segment of female, dorsal view. 19. Female genitalia, lateral view. 20. Left valvula I, from inside. 21. Valvula II, ventral view. 22. Spinal formula. 23. Post tibiae. Abbreviations: As = anal segment (segment X); Ast = anal style (paraproct, segment XI); Ep = epiproct (segment XI); GaVIII = gonapophysis VIII (“valvula I”); GaIX = gonapophysis IX (“valvula II”); GcVIII = gonocoxa VIII (“valvifer VIII”); Gp = gonapophysis (“valvula III”); StVII = sternite VII; TVIII = tergite VIII; TIX = tergite IX. Scale bars: 1719, 2223 = 0.5 mm; 2021 = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7471141" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7471141/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Figs 2223</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="96445857FF85FFF741C59FAAEE8DE53A" blockId="3.[187,1401,1426,1799]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
MALE TERMINALIA. Pygofer in lateral view with dorsal margin distinctly shorter than ventral margin (
<figureCitation id="0EC044D2FF85FFF741BE9F8CEB11E7F2" box="[198,281,1460,1487]" captionStart="Figs 1016" captionStartId="7.[189,242,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[244,1343,280,1702]" captionTargetId="figure-11@7.[237,1350,265,1726]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 1016. Gigasanalis jianfenglingensis Long &amp; Chen sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (IEGU). 10. Anal segment of male, dorsal view. 11. Male genitalia, lateral view. 12. Male genitalia, ventral view. 13. Left genital style, dorsal view. 14. Aedeagus, dorsal view. 15. Aedeagus, lateral view. 16. Aedeagus, ventral view. Abbreviations: As = anal segment (segment X); Ast = anal style (paraproct, segment XI); dbs = dorsobasal suspensorium; dpl = dorsal periandrial lobe; Ep = epiproct (segment XI); GL = genital lamina; GSt = genital style; lpl = lateral periandrial lobe(s); lpr = paired inner penis rods; mvp = medioventral projection of pygofer; Py = pygofer; Sh = sheath; vpl = ventral periandrial lobe. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7471139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7471139/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
), ventral view with median bifurcate process (
<figureCitation id="0EC044D2FF85FFF742489F8CE98FE7F2" box="[816,903,1460,1487]" captionStart="Figs 1016" captionStartId="7.[189,242,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[244,1343,280,1702]" captionTargetId="figure-11@7.[237,1350,265,1726]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 1016. Gigasanalis jianfenglingensis Long &amp; Chen sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (IEGU). 10. Anal segment of male, dorsal view. 11. Male genitalia, lateral view. 12. Male genitalia, ventral view. 13. Left genital style, dorsal view. 14. Aedeagus, dorsal view. 15. Aedeagus, lateral view. 16. Aedeagus, ventral view. Abbreviations: As = anal segment (segment X); Ast = anal style (paraproct, segment XI); dbs = dorsobasal suspensorium; dpl = dorsal periandrial lobe; Ep = epiproct (segment XI); GL = genital lamina; GSt = genital style; lpl = lateral periandrial lobe(s); lpr = paired inner penis rods; mvp = medioventral projection of pygofer; Py = pygofer; Sh = sheath; vpl = ventral periandrial lobe. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7471139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7471139/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
). Aedeagal complex distally with a sheathshaped 4-lobate periandrial part and a rather elongate basal part mainly formed by the inner penis. Periaodrium distally with paired lateral lobes, ventral lobes and dorsally with an unpaired, base half connected together, protruding cephalad into body cavity (
<figureCitation id="0EC044D2FF85FFF742229C24E9E9E40B" box="[858,993,1564,1590]" captionStart="Figs 1016" captionStartId="7.[189,242,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[244,1343,280,1702]" captionTargetId="figure-11@7.[237,1350,265,1726]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 1016. Gigasanalis jianfenglingensis Long &amp; Chen sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (IEGU). 10. Anal segment of male, dorsal view. 11. Male genitalia, lateral view. 12. Male genitalia, ventral view. 13. Left genital style, dorsal view. 14. Aedeagus, dorsal view. 15. Aedeagus, lateral view. 16. Aedeagus, ventral view. Abbreviations: As = anal segment (segment X); Ast = anal style (paraproct, segment XI); dbs = dorsobasal suspensorium; dpl = dorsal periandrial lobe; Ep = epiproct (segment XI); GL = genital lamina; GSt = genital style; lpl = lateral periandrial lobe(s); lpr = paired inner penis rods; mvp = medioventral projection of pygofer; Py = pygofer; Sh = sheath; vpl = ventral periandrial lobe. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7471139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7471139/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Figs 1416</figureCitation>
). Genital lamina obsolete (
<figureCitation id="0EC044D2FF85FFF7446B9C24EF60E40A" box="[1299,1384,1564,1591]" captionStart="Figs 1016" captionStartId="7.[189,242,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[244,1343,280,1702]" captionTargetId="figure-11@7.[237,1350,265,1726]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 1016. Gigasanalis jianfenglingensis Long &amp; Chen sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (IEGU). 10. Anal segment of male, dorsal view. 11. Male genitalia, lateral view. 12. Male genitalia, ventral view. 13. Left genital style, dorsal view. 14. Aedeagus, dorsal view. 15. Aedeagus, lateral view. 16. Aedeagus, ventral view. Abbreviations: As = anal segment (segment X); Ast = anal style (paraproct, segment XI); dbs = dorsobasal suspensorium; dpl = dorsal periandrial lobe; Ep = epiproct (segment XI); GL = genital lamina; GSt = genital style; lpl = lateral periandrial lobe(s); lpr = paired inner penis rods; mvp = medioventral projection of pygofer; Py = pygofer; Sh = sheath; vpl = ventral periandrial lobe. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7471139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7471139/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
). Sheath developed, arm-shaped, with apical ⅓ dorsally bent, then with apex directed basally (
<figureCitation id="0EC044D2FF85FFF744769C07EF60E467" box="[1294,1384,1599,1626]" captionStart="Figs 1016" captionStartId="7.[189,242,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[244,1343,280,1702]" captionTargetId="figure-11@7.[237,1350,265,1726]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 1016. Gigasanalis jianfenglingensis Long &amp; Chen sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (IEGU). 10. Anal segment of male, dorsal view. 11. Male genitalia, lateral view. 12. Male genitalia, ventral view. 13. Left genital style, dorsal view. 14. Aedeagus, dorsal view. 15. Aedeagus, lateral view. 16. Aedeagus, ventral view. Abbreviations: As = anal segment (segment X); Ast = anal style (paraproct, segment XI); dbs = dorsobasal suspensorium; dpl = dorsal periandrial lobe; Ep = epiproct (segment XI); GL = genital lamina; GSt = genital style; lpl = lateral periandrial lobe(s); lpr = paired inner penis rods; mvp = medioventral projection of pygofer; Py = pygofer; Sh = sheath; vpl = ventral periandrial lobe. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7471139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7471139/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
). Inner penis rods reflexed and elongate, basally fused, distally rod-like, devoid of lateral branches. Anal segment relatively larger in dorsal view; anal style tongue-shaped, wide, bristles vestigial or absent, distinctly covering abdominal end (
<figureCitation id="0EC044D2FF85FFF7431F9C9FE8C9E4FC" box="[615,705,1703,1729]" captionStart="Figs 1016" captionStartId="7.[189,242,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[244,1343,280,1702]" captionTargetId="figure-11@7.[237,1350,265,1726]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 1016. Gigasanalis jianfenglingensis Long &amp; Chen sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (IEGU). 10. Anal segment of male, dorsal view. 11. Male genitalia, lateral view. 12. Male genitalia, ventral view. 13. Left genital style, dorsal view. 14. Aedeagus, dorsal view. 15. Aedeagus, lateral view. 16. Aedeagus, ventral view. Abbreviations: As = anal segment (segment X); Ast = anal style (paraproct, segment XI); dbs = dorsobasal suspensorium; dpl = dorsal periandrial lobe; Ep = epiproct (segment XI); GL = genital lamina; GSt = genital style; lpl = lateral periandrial lobe(s); lpr = paired inner penis rods; mvp = medioventral projection of pygofer; Py = pygofer; Sh = sheath; vpl = ventral periandrial lobe. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7471139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7471139/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). Genital style with two tortuous ear-like processes rising from apical third (
<figureCitation id="0EC044D2FF85FFF740EA9CF2EBE0E4D9" box="[402,488,1738,1764]" captionStart="Figs 1016" captionStartId="7.[189,242,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[244,1343,280,1702]" captionTargetId="figure-11@7.[237,1350,265,1726]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 1016. Gigasanalis jianfenglingensis Long &amp; Chen sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (IEGU). 10. Anal segment of male, dorsal view. 11. Male genitalia, lateral view. 12. Male genitalia, ventral view. 13. Left genital style, dorsal view. 14. Aedeagus, dorsal view. 15. Aedeagus, lateral view. 16. Aedeagus, ventral view. Abbreviations: As = anal segment (segment X); Ast = anal style (paraproct, segment XI); dbs = dorsobasal suspensorium; dpl = dorsal periandrial lobe; Ep = epiproct (segment XI); GL = genital lamina; GSt = genital style; lpl = lateral periandrial lobe(s); lpr = paired inner penis rods; mvp = medioventral projection of pygofer; Py = pygofer; Sh = sheath; vpl = ventral periandrial lobe. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7471139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7471139/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
). Phallobasal conjunctival processes bilaterally symmetrical, exceeding apical margin of phallobase (
<figureCitation id="0EC044D2FF85FFF740BB9CD4E844E53A" box="[451,588,1772,1799]" captionStart="Figs 1016" captionStartId="7.[189,242,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[244,1343,280,1702]" captionTargetId="figure-11@7.[237,1350,265,1726]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 1016. Gigasanalis jianfenglingensis Long &amp; Chen sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (IEGU). 10. Anal segment of male, dorsal view. 11. Male genitalia, lateral view. 12. Male genitalia, ventral view. 13. Left genital style, dorsal view. 14. Aedeagus, dorsal view. 15. Aedeagus, lateral view. 16. Aedeagus, ventral view. Abbreviations: As = anal segment (segment X); Ast = anal style (paraproct, segment XI); dbs = dorsobasal suspensorium; dpl = dorsal periandrial lobe; Ep = epiproct (segment XI); GL = genital lamina; GSt = genital style; lpl = lateral periandrial lobe(s); lpr = paired inner penis rods; mvp = medioventral projection of pygofer; Py = pygofer; Sh = sheath; vpl = ventral periandrial lobe. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7471139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7471139/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Figs 1213</figureCitation>
). Connective relatively stout and short (
<figureCitation id="0EC044D2FF85FFF745589CD4EE7FE53A" box="[1056,1143,1772,1799]" captionStart="Figs 1016" captionStartId="7.[189,242,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[244,1343,280,1702]" captionTargetId="figure-11@7.[237,1350,265,1726]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 1016. Gigasanalis jianfenglingensis Long &amp; Chen sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (IEGU). 10. Anal segment of male, dorsal view. 11. Male genitalia, lateral view. 12. Male genitalia, ventral view. 13. Left genital style, dorsal view. 14. Aedeagus, dorsal view. 15. Aedeagus, lateral view. 16. Aedeagus, ventral view. Abbreviations: As = anal segment (segment X); Ast = anal style (paraproct, segment XI); dbs = dorsobasal suspensorium; dpl = dorsal periandrial lobe; Ep = epiproct (segment XI); GL = genital lamina; GSt = genital style; lpl = lateral periandrial lobe(s); lpr = paired inner penis rods; mvp = medioventral projection of pygofer; Py = pygofer; Sh = sheath; vpl = ventral periandrial lobe. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7471139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7471139/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DEE10BDCFF85FFF741C59D16EB31E548" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="96445857FF85FFF741C59D16EB48E575" blockId="3.[189,320,1838,1864]" box="[189,320,1838,1864]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
<heading id="CD0CEF3BFF85FFF741C59D16EB48E575" bold="true" box="[189,320,1838,1864]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A48F8445FF85FFF741C59D16EB48E575" bold="true" box="[189,320,1838,1864]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Host plant</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="96445857FF85FFF741C59D63EB31E548" blockId="3.[189,313,1883,1909]" box="[189,313,1883,1909]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DEE10BDCFF85FFF741C59DA4EF54E5D8" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="96445857FF85FFF741C59DA4E809E58B" blockId="3.[189,513,1948,1974]" box="[189,513,1948,1974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
<heading id="CD0CEF3BFF85FFF741C59DA4E809E58B" bold="true" box="[189,513,1948,1974]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A48F8445FF85FFF741C59DA4E809E58B" bold="true" box="[189,513,1948,1974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Diversity and distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="96445857FF85FFF741C59DF2EF54E5D8" blockId="3.[189,1372,1994,2021]" box="[189,1372,1994,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
The genus is monotypic and contains a single species from South
<collectingCountry id="EEEC18C7FF85FFF742BA9DF2EE00E5D9" box="[962,1032,1994,2020]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="543F96B5FF85FFF7456F9DF2EED7E5D9" box="[1047,1247,1994,2020]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Hainan Province</collectingRegion>
) (
<figureCitation id="0EC044D2FF85FFF7458F9DF2EF45E5D8" box="[1271,1357,1994,2021]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[190,233,1998,2024]" captionTargetBox="[305,1237,1224,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-379@9.[189,1398,1208,1960]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 24. Geographic distribution of Gigasanalis Long &amp; Chen gen. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7471143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7471143/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>