142 lines
17 KiB
XML
142 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="F3DBE530A43A33EA9066E5656B5B7CCB" ID-CLB-Dataset="24567" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4711.3.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="21de8a76-6a04-45d4-8e81-5fb524718c58" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3586554" ID-ZooBank="85D81C2D-0B66-4C0D-B708-AAF1DAD6018B" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1576823765851" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hechinger, Ryan F." docDate="2019" docId="EF6AD37789588B3AFF39F9C3FACDFD36" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4711.3.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4711 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Cloacitrema michiganensis McIntosh 1938" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="476" masterDocId="1353AB0F89488B2BFFAEFF89FFC5FF9A" masterDocTitle="Guide to the trematodes (Platyhelminthes) that infect the California horn snail (Cerithideopsis californica: Potamididae: Gastropoda) as first intermediate host" masterLastPageNumber="494" masterPageNumber="459" pageNumber="475" updateTime="1698775255321" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="FD9EEE8E996894427F0361E16819F4F6">Guide to the trematodes (Platyhelminthes) that infect the California horn snail (Cerithideopsis californica: Potamididae: Gastropoda) as first intermediate host</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CBAA41E55CECA8BEFBA0FC78FD88007A">Hechinger, Ryan F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="5F3C2BC636495C8BD3074C86DD9D6B55">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A4FBA0718E12A86A559554E8E80E0385">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D46E612322A511BC1F90827834E4B4BA">2019-12-17</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="9D5F4D38A03BAA742F377E3A1B98E3B8" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4711.3.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="EF6AD37789588B3AFF39F9C3FACDFD36" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160797587" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EF6AD37789588B3AFF39F9C3FACDFD36" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF6AD37789588B3AFF39F9C3FACDFD36" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="476" pageId="16" pageNumber="475">
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<subSubSection id="2FD931EA89588B3BFF39F9C3FE68F913" pageId="16" pageNumber="475" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="677C626189588B3BFF39F9C3FDA7F9FF" blockId="16.[151,610,1610,1673]" box="[151,610,1610,1637]" pageId="16" pageNumber="475">
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<heading id="3C34D50D89588B3BFF39F9C3FDA7F9FF" bold="true" box="[151,610,1610,1637]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="475" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="A0C319E289588B3BFF39F9C3FDA7F9FF" ID-CoL="847PB" authority="McIntosh" authorityName="McIntosh" authorityYear="1938" box="[151,610,1610,1637]" class="Trematoda" family="Philophthalmidae" genus="Cloacitrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="16" pageNumber="475" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="michiganensis">
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<emphasis id="55B7BE7389588B3BFF39F9C3FDA7F9FF" bold="true" box="[151,610,1610,1637]" pageId="16" pageNumber="475">
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<emphasis id="55B7BE7389588B3BFF39F9C3FE24F9FF" bold="true" box="[151,481,1610,1637]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="475">Cloacitrema michiganensis</emphasis>
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McIntosh
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="677C626189588B3BFF39F9E6FE68F913" blockId="16.[151,610,1610,1673]" box="[151,429,1646,1673]" pageId="16" pageNumber="475">
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(8. Clmi;
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<figureCitation id="FFF87EE489588B3BFEADF9E7FE95F913" box="[259,336,1646,1673]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1428,1453]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,522,1400]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,522,1400]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. General characteristics of the parthenitae and cercariae of the trematodes infecting Cerithideopsis californica as first intermediate host. Species numbers and codes follow Table 1 and species accounts. Cercariae are all to scale, with additional magnified views of six small species (indicated by dashed lines). Note the oral stylets (presented in right lateral view) for Pruc and Smmi. Parthenitae are not to scale. Scale bars consistently indicate 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3586556" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3586556/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="475">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="FFF87EE489588B3BFEF0F9E6FE60F913" box="[350,421,1647,1673]" captionStart="FIGURES 30–34" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1578,1603]" captionTargetBox="[159,1436,704,1551]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,704,1551]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 30–34. Cloacitrema michiganensis (Clmi). 30, Overview of a colony in a freshly deshelled, infected horn snail in sea water. The arrow indicates the colony, which is localized in the gonadal region and part of the basal visceral mass. Scale bar = 1 cm. Base photo credit: Andrew Turner. 31, Reproductive rediae, live, with developing cercariae, under coverslip pressure. Scale bar = 500 µm. 32, Soldier redia, live, under coverslip pressure. Scale bar = 100 µm. 33, Cercariae, live, under coverslip pressure. Scale bar = 100 µm. Base photo credit: Andrew Turner. 34, Developing cercariae, live, under heavy coverslip pressure to make visible the anterior branching of the gut (~ non-existent esophagus). Scale bar = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3586578" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3586578/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="475">30–33</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2FD931EA89588B3AFF39F93FFD43FEE7" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="476" pageId="16" pageNumber="475" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="677C626189588B3BFF39F93FFE8BF8FA" blockId="16.[151,1437,1718,1997]" pageId="16" pageNumber="475">
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<emphasis id="55B7BE7389588B3BFF39F93FFED1F94B" bold="true" box="[151,276,1718,1745]" pageId="16" pageNumber="475">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="55B7BE7389588B3BFEB2F93FFE6DF94A" box="[284,424,1718,1744]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="475">Parthenitae.</emphasis>
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Colony comprised of active rediae, densely concentrated in snail gonad region with dispersion into basal visceral mass. Rediae translucent white to colorless, often with prominent pigmented gut; when filled with cercariae, rediae appear opaque white; ~
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<quantity id="A03BCF8489588B3BFD48F976FC53F883" box="[742,918,1791,1817]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="475" unit="mm" value="1500.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1000.0">1000–2000 µm</quantity>
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long, oblong to elongate (length:width up to ~6:1), often tapers in width gradually toward anterior and posterior ends, with posterior appendages that are often not pronounced.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="677C626189588B3BFF69F8E2FB5CF857" blockId="16.[151,1437,1718,1997]" pageId="16" pageNumber="475">
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<emphasis id="55B7BE7389588B3BFF69F8E2FEF6F81F" box="[199,307,1899,1925]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="475">
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<taxonomicName id="A0C319E289588B3BFF69F8E2FEEAF81F" authorityName="O.F.Muller" authorityYear="1773" box="[199,303,1899,1925]" class="Trematoda" family="Colepidae" genus="Cercaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostomatida" pageId="16" pageNumber="475" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">Cercaria</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Body opaque white, usually translucent colorless through ventral sucker; non-oculate; with oral and ventral sucker; with very short esophagus that bifurcates far anterior of ventral sucker (just posterior to pharynx); body ~
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<quantity id="A03BCF8489588B3BFF4AF83BFEF9F857" box="[228,316,1970,1997]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" pageId="16" pageNumber="475" unit="mm" value="425.0">425 µm</quantity>
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long, ~equal in length to tail; tail with distal gland (tip appears invaginated).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="677C626189598B3AFF69FF11FDC2FF62" blockId="17.[151,1436,152,685]" pageId="17" pageNumber="476">
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<emphasis id="55B7BE7389598B3AFF69FF11FE6CFF29" bold="true" box="[199,425,152,179]" pageId="17" pageNumber="476">
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<taxonomicName id="A0C319E289598B3AFF69FF11FEF5FF29" authorityName="O.F.Muller" authorityYear="1773" box="[199,304,152,179]" class="Trematoda" family="Colepidae" genus="Cercaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostomatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="476" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">Cercaria</taxonomicName>
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behavior:
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</emphasis>
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Fresh, emerged cercariae remain in water column, lengthen body and swim by rapidly ventrally folding body with tail extended (often forming a graceful, undulating S), and will often encyst on dissection dish or in pipette during transfer.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="677C626189598B3AFF69FF76FD43FEE7" blockId="17.[151,1436,152,685]" pageId="17" pageNumber="476">
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<emphasis id="55B7BE7389598B3AFF69FF76FE46FE80" bold="true" box="[199,387,255,282]" pageId="17" pageNumber="476">Similar species:</emphasis>
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Clmi is most readily distinguished from the only other philophthalmid (Pasp [9]) by having almost no esophagus anterior to the gut branching; Clmi also lacks tegumental spines, but these are sometimes difficult to see on Pasp, so be wary of using this as a sole distinguishing trait. Like Pasp, Clmi is easily separated from the himasthlids by having a distal tail gland.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2FD931EA89598B3AFF69FE0CFACDFD36" pageId="17" pageNumber="476" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="677C626189598B3AFF69FE0CFACDFE7B" blockId="17.[151,1436,152,685]" pageId="17" pageNumber="476">
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<emphasis id="55B7BE7389598B3AFF69FE0CFEF8FE05" bold="true" box="[199,317,389,415]" pageId="17" pageNumber="476">Remarks:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="03521F9089598B3AFEEDFE0CFDECFE05" author="LeFlore, W. B. & Bass, H. S. & Martin, W. E." box="[323,553,388,415]" pageId="17" pageNumber="476" pagination="28 - 32" refId="ref21693" refString="LeFlore, W. B., Bass, H. S. & Martin, W. E. (1985) The life cycle of Cloacitrema michiganensis McIntosh, 1938 (Trematoda: Philophthalmidae). The Journal of Parasitology, 71, 28 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3281973" type="journal article" year="1985">
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LeFlore
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<emphasis id="55B7BE7389598B3AFE0CFE0FFE17FE05" box="[418,466,389,415]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="476">et al</emphasis>
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. (1985)
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</bibRefCitation>
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document the life cycle (see also
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<bibRefCitation id="03521F9089598B3AFC31FE0CFB9FFE05" author="Robinson, H. W." box="[927,1114,388,415]" pageId="17" pageNumber="476" pagination="368 - 368" refId="ref22694" refString="Robinson, H. W. (1952) A Preliminary Report on the Life Cycle of Cloacitrema michiganensis McIntosh, 1938 (Trematoda). The Journal of Parasitology, 38, 368 - 368. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3273777" type="journal article" year="1952">Robinson (1952)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="03521F9089598B3AFB21FE0CFAEBFE05" author="Martin, W. E." box="[1167,1326,388,415]" pageId="17" pageNumber="476" pagination="39 - 43" refId="ref22195" refString="Martin, W. E. (1972) An annotated key to the cercariae that develop in the snail Cerithidea californica. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, 71, 39 - 43." type="journal article" year="1972">Martin [1972]</bibRefCitation>
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), describing the miracidia, rediae, cercariae, metacercariae, and experimentally obtained adults, which they identified as
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<taxonomicName id="A0C319E289598B3AFF39FE41FE0CFE78" authorityName="McIntosh" authorityYear="1938" box="[151,457,456,482]" class="Trematoda" family="Philophthalmidae" genus="Cloacitrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="17" pageNumber="476" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="michiganensis">
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<emphasis id="55B7BE7389598B3AFF39FE41FE0CFE78" box="[151,457,456,482]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="476">Cloacitrema michiganensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which was originally described from eastern North American shorebirds.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="677C626189598B3AFF69FE60FD56FDBE" blockId="17.[151,1436,152,685]" pageId="17" pageNumber="476">
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Mature, ripe colonies comprise ~24% the soft-tissue weight of an infected snail (summer-time estimate derived from information in [
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<bibRefCitation id="03521F9089598B3AFE2DFD83FDBAFDBE" author="Hechinger, R. F. & Lafferty, K. D. & Mancini III, F. T. & Warner, R. R. & Kuris, A. M." box="[387,639,521,549]" pageId="17" pageNumber="476" pagination="651 - 667" refId="ref20498" refString="Hechinger, R. F., Lafferty, K. D., Mancini III, F. T., Warner, R. R. & Kuris, A. M. (2009) How large is the hand in the puppet? Ecological and evolutionary factors affecting body mass of 15 trematode parasitic castrators in their snail host. Evolutionary Ecology, 23, 651 - 667. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10682 - 008 - 9262 - 4" type="journal article" year="2009">
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Hechinger
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<emphasis id="55B7BE7389598B3AFDACFD82FDF6FDBE" box="[514,563,522,548]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="476">et al</emphasis>
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. 2009
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</bibRefCitation>
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]).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="677C626189598B3AFF69FDA2FACFFDDC" blockId="17.[151,1436,152,685]" box="[199,1290,555,582]" pageId="17" pageNumber="476">
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Infection causes (stolen) snail bodies to grow ~
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<date id="137D44A189598B3AFD76FDA5FD30FDDC" box="[728,757,556,582]" pageId="17" pageNumber="476">2x</date>
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faster than uninfected snails (
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<bibRefCitation id="03521F9089598B3AFBEDFDA2FB3BFDDC" author="Hechinger, R. F." box="[1091,1278,555,582]" pageId="17" pageNumber="476" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref20237" refString="Hechinger, R. F. (2010) Mortality affects adaptive allocation to growth and reproduction: field evidence from a guild of body snatchers. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 10 (136), 1 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / 1471 - 2148 - 10 - 136" type="journal article" year="2010">Hechinger 2010</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="677C626189598B3AFF69FDC4FE67FD12" blockId="17.[151,1436,152,685]" pageId="17" pageNumber="476">
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This species has a caste of soldier rediae (noted in
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<bibRefCitation id="03521F9089598B3AFD5CFDC4FBC4FDF2" author="Hechinger, R. F. & Wood, A. C. & Kuris, A. M." box="[754,1025,589,616]" pageId="17" pageNumber="476" pagination="656 - 665" refId="ref20780" refString="Hechinger, R. F., Wood, A. C. & Kuris, A. M. (2011 b) Social organization in a flatworm: trematode parasites form soldier and reproductive castes. Proceedings of the Royal Society: Biological sciences, 278, 656 - 665. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2010.1753" type="journal article" year="2011">
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Hechinger
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<emphasis id="55B7BE7389598B3AFCC3FDC7FC58FDFD" box="[877,925,589,615]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="476">et al</emphasis>
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. (2011b)
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</bibRefCitation>
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and carefully documented in Garcia- Vedrenne
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<emphasis id="55B7BE7389598B3AFEA6FDE6FEFCFD12" box="[264,313,622,648]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="476">et al</emphasis>
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. [2016]).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="677C626189598B3AFF69FD1BFACDFD36" blockId="17.[151,1436,152,685]" box="[199,1288,658,685]" pageId="17" pageNumber="476">
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<bibRefCitation id="03521F9089598B3AFF69FD1BFE41FD37" author="Nadakal, A. M." box="[199,388,658,685]" pageId="17" pageNumber="476" pagination="777 - 786" refId="ref22487" refString="Nadakal, A. M. (1960 b) Types and sources of pigments in certain species of larval trematodes. Journal of Parasitology, 46, 777 - 786. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3275532" type="journal article" year="1960">Nadakal (1960b)</bibRefCitation>
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presents information on the pigments of the rediae and cercariae of this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |