186 lines
17 KiB
XML
186 lines
17 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="0EAF31624F3D0232ECFBDFD92CACA176">Taxonomy of North European Lumbricillus (Clitellata, Enchytraeidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3654EF148CF52074D1E518443D2E26FD">Klinth, Marten J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9477913DE66C6DF0F927EEE6FB8E8442">Rota, Emilia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D8093EC899159504135F06F7C51C5C60">Erseus, Christer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="24BF1C6041FEBBEA262CEE8B7F827E79">2017</mods:date>
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<treatment id="BAF69E8269B570423EE3F1507A7064B7" ID-GBIF-Taxon="134860653" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BAF69E8269B570423EE3F1507A7064B7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BAF69E8269B570423EE3F1507A7064B7" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="23" pageNumber="38">
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<subSubSection id="821880742B3EC4A26D18CFE5DBAA97E1" pageId="23" pageNumber="38" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C082019B51886F09CC0E12A1834C7A31" pageId="23" pageNumber="38">
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<taxonomicName id="03B8CCA04A968BC1A4EDD526E789D380" ID-CoL="6QQ5R" authority="Stephenson, 1911" authorityName="Stephenson" authorityYear="1911" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Lumbricillus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lumbricillus viridis" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="23" pageNumber="38" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="viridis">
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<pageBreakToken id="0F4575EC9722E1F716AA2DD4B8C4ECFC" pageId="23" pageNumber="38" start="start">Lumbricillus</pageBreakToken>
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viridis Stephenson, 1911
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</taxonomicName>
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Fig. 15
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2C0B673C48ADB140C7F63993C6CDEDFE" pageId="23" pageNumber="38" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="65B0AD478D167188EFD231FA1911057B" pageId="23" pageNumber="38">
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<taxonomicName id="54D744C8C181AD29BB3FF06E00017811" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Lumbricillus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lumbricillus viridis" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="23" pageNumber="38" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="viridis">Lumbricillus viridis</taxonomicName>
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Stephenson, 1911: pp. 46-50, figs 6
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<normalizedToken id="B089C58A48D0891DD327B57A94593D76" originalValue="a–b">a-b</normalizedToken>
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& 7
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<normalizedToken id="FB6D8160C527AB882B275CBA7812C9A3" originalValue="a–c">a-c</normalizedToken>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="F144600F9EF8546E4FD6415B1595A829" pageId="23" pageNumber="38">Nielsen and Christensen 1959</bibRefCitation>
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: pp. 103-104, fig. 116;
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<bibRefCitation id="C02543A8C3A7BFF5BFAB86A693BCE561" author="Klinth, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="46" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 110" title="Phylogeny and species delimitation of North European Lumbricillus (Clitellata, Enchytraeidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12187" volume="46" year="2017">Klinth et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485300CCB9CF52E8993A5072B50B4EF0" pageId="23" pageNumber="38">
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<taxonomicName id="8E89DB26879277E1B450B575DD54DDA6" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Pachydrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachydrilus orthochaetus" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="23" pageNumber="38" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="orthochaetus">Pachydrilus orthochaetus</taxonomicName>
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Delphy, 1921: pp. 64-82, figs 29-41.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AB0622D104A59F5EB4862F0E1FFEC60C" pageId="23" pageNumber="38" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="DCA1B1D8472D6147EA0597ADB3491D0E" pageId="23" pageNumber="38">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DF0041A3DF8B165F8A69DD1178C75B38" pageId="23" pageNumber="38">Typus amissus (Nomenclatura Oligochaetologica). Type locality: Firth of Clyde, Wemyss Bay, United Kingdom (Stephenson, 1911). We did not designate a neotype as we do not have material from the type locality.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3F79C10CC03B34BE0373A6F36DC6E2F2" pageId="23" pageNumber="38" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="AC643993CDE33B8AE054A4954FEA6FE0" pageId="23" pageNumber="38">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A0B7844BF97C180A11EFD4143C19838A" pageId="23" pageNumber="38">ZMBN 107933 (CE12037), ZMBN 107934 (CE12038), ZMBN 107935 (CE12039) & ZMBN 107938 (CE23255), three mature and one half-mature specimens from Norway. For information on specimen collection localities and GenBank accession numbers see Appendix 1.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7B303FDA7A433A260F228B6A21AF89E5" pageId="23" pageNumber="38" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E9FE98ACA069F93AD614F403A2ED76C7" pageId="23" pageNumber="38">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D3ECB43FF98C2A62177DEA053BB5DD33" pageId="23" pageNumber="38">
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Green worms (sometimes yellowish-green). Length (fixed worms) more than 7.9-10.6 mm (amputated specimens), first 15 segments 3.8-6.2 mm long, width at clitellum 0.74-1.05 mm. More than 23-41 segments. Chaetae straight or slightly sigmoid (Fig. 15A). Dorsal bundles with 3-6 chaetae anterior to clitellum, 3-5 chaetae in postclitellar segments. Ventral bundles with 3-6 chaetae anterior to clitellum, 3-5 chaetae posteriorly. Each
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<normalizedToken id="5FB7BBB39C119A884E9FB0CF22C060A6" originalValue="worm’s">worm's</normalizedToken>
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longest measured chaetae 70-85
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<normalizedToken id="CF4EF00D7F83D4922489183570DCA27F" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, about 5
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<normalizedToken id="A3BCD9A976C8554645F404CE76B1F0F1" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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wide. Clitellum extending over
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<normalizedToken id="3BC7E4F544D0E9C836444D347A225727" originalValue="XII–XIII">XII-XIII</normalizedToken>
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. Head pore at 0/1. Epidermis with transverse rows of gland cells.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2816D095BFED091515047036C788C195" pageId="23" pageNumber="38">
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Coelomocytes numerous, 20-35
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<normalizedToken id="C07B9CD01FE56B117C16A25C581787A8" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, spindle-shaped, oval, round, granulated. Paired pharyngeal glands present in IV, V and VI; each pair converging dorsally (Fig. 15B). Dorsal vessel originating in XIII. Nephridia observed in
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<normalizedToken id="3559F581911C755D20116ADE13955946" originalValue="VIII–X">VIII-X</normalizedToken>
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and
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<normalizedToken id="92FFC1CB6EFCCA473167C4BAD13973BD" originalValue="XV–XIX">XV-XIX</normalizedToken>
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, about 250
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<normalizedToken id="8CED0CBA4DC5285BD03A1ACBF9DF4225" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, anteseptale funnel only, postseptale oval, tapering into posterior efferent duct. Brain with posterior incision.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3D1A68D3CD77D335FB8C2982BFC2A7DB" pageId="23" pageNumber="38">
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Male genitalia paired (Fig. 15D). Testes originating in XI, extending forwards into X, with testis sacs forming regular club-shaped lobes. Sperm funnels in XI, 620-670
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<normalizedToken id="770B1FD3AD540AC18392AC8A21F1FADC" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, 320-350
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<normalizedToken id="145378024DA5ACA7FA60C4572DB08E9D" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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wide, making them about twice as long as wide, funnels tapering towards vasa deferentia. Most of vasa irregularly coiled in XII, 25-30
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<normalizedToken id="91D531897CFDB7CDA11C0E16F6FA37E5" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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wide. Penial bulbs round, 170-180
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<normalizedToken id="C87A157E1EA26381EC23CD56B47AAE9E" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in diameter. Ovaries in XII. About five mature eggs present at a time.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A8D6EFF88B77B97AC298892ECB239E75" pageId="23" pageNumber="38">
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Spermathecae (Fig. 15C) in V, club-shaped, with distinct ampulla. Ectal duct narrow, shorter than ampulla, abruptly widening into ampulla. Ampulla round. Sperm arranged in a compact central sphere in the ampulla as well as embedded in the wall of ampulla, creating a circle around the sphere. Spermathecae 265-320
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<normalizedToken id="7D807C8B4069817D74629650EF762F3F" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, 270-310
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<normalizedToken id="C3E5BAAEE14CA3CD5513AFEECAA4BAF0" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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wide at widest part of ampulla. Gland cells surrounding ectal pore, forming compact mass, slightly lobed, whole glandular body 310-325
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<normalizedToken id="FEDB93FE68F7DBAE4A639EC919FB10AF" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in diameter at its widest part. Gland cells also along the ectal duct. Up to four midventral subneural glands in
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<normalizedToken id="99F68819D689DC2EE3018B81237E5A44" originalValue="XIV–XVII">XIV-XVII</normalizedToken>
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, 240-270
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<normalizedToken id="DE709F20CF9592478A98893E60024FB0" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, 215-245
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<normalizedToken id="3EB04CE64C022848D9FC3F4E43CEA8DB" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, 190-215
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<normalizedToken id="A152923E2E0467C2A7EDFBD5E73F90FE" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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and 130
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<normalizedToken id="8C652C8C318F44FAAE865625760A5F04" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, respectively; glands in XVII not observed in all specimens.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="B9A5F2BD982B0541D9A7AAA677944739" pageId="23" pageNumber="38">
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<paragraph id="FA1EB19A1B0A94C32C9601F437381F27" pageId="23" pageNumber="38">
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Figure 15.
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<taxonomicName id="685B83EF00CF0EB1480A55DDF9B68617" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Lumbricillus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lumbricillus viridis" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="23" pageNumber="38" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="viridis">Lumbricillus viridis</taxonomicName>
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. A Chaetal bundle B Anterior body C Spermatheca D Other genitalia. Abbreviations under general notes. Scale bars: 100
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<normalizedToken id="5886E4DB90F281D032A4BF8D21892B9D" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A683F74A5CB16B2438958FC578ED1FF1" pageId="23" pageNumber="38" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="06766DAD13DBBA7E732C719FCAF19465" pageId="23" pageNumber="38">Geographical distribution including BOLD data.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A1F9F048805B65CACA707D2427AE4464" pageId="23" pageNumber="38">
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Genetically identified from France and Norway. Previously described from Denmark, Norway (
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<bibRefCitation id="27CD600FDCA9DDE37B11A76E0077F9B8" author="Nurminen, M" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici Fennici" pageId="48" pageNumber="63" pagination="11 - 15" title="Enchytraeids (Oligochaeta) from northern Norway and western Lapland." volume="2" year="1965 b">Nurminen 1965b</bibRefCitation>
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) the United Kingdom and Sweden (
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<bibRefCitation id="D38D7EE65A5C283855CBB0F840CD67A0" author="Erseus, C" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="45" pageNumber="60" pagination="293 - 298" title="Marine Oligochaeta from the Koster Area, west coast of Sweden, with descriptions of two new enchytraeid species." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6409.1978.tb00781.x" volume="6" year="1977">
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<normalizedToken id="3E78396B6EDBCEF4766AD3D912F3F8D4" originalValue="Erséus">Erseus</normalizedToken>
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1977
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</bibRefCitation>
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). BIN-number: BOLD:AAU1636.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0514FFEBA054718427EE50D94DCA5598" pageId="23" pageNumber="38" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="BC6579DC71B200ED94E9E29A02DB530C" pageId="23" pageNumber="38">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="231B0CAE36886C86A9DA87C184B7F4EA" pageId="23" pageNumber="38">
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Specimens in this study are smaller and possess somewhat fewer chaetae, than the ones from the original description by Stephenson and the later re-description by Nielsen and Christensen. Furthermore, the observed proportions of the sperm funnels (twice longer than wide) differ greatly from those (7-10:1, or 6-8:1) described by Stephenson and Nielsen and Christensen, respectively. However, folding of these organs may have caused us to underestimate their true length. Nevertheless, the distinct greenish colour of the sampled specimens and the resemblance between their spermathecae and particularly the one described by Nielsen and Christensen confirm these specimens as
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<taxonomicName id="8C59CB3D5F5B3032B421EDF2039ADE18" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Lumbricillus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lumbricillus viridis" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="23" pageNumber="38" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="viridis">Lumbricillus viridis</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7ED5C9356FE1E16DCF340C1ADC04BABF" pageId="23" pageNumber="38">
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According to our knowledge, the presence of gland cells along the spermathecal ectal duct has not been reported for
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<taxonomicName id="CF16DCE95F18CBB7ACDA606D30FA13BA" lsidName="L. viridis" pageId="23" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="viridis">L. viridis</taxonomicName>
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before, possibly because of the difficulty of distinguishing these gland cells from the large ones surrounding the ectal pore. In this study, similar duct glands have only been observed in
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<taxonomicName id="4B56A50639A9BD9E2083CEE0E6E4FE3D" lsidName="L. pagenstecheri" pageId="23" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="pagenstecheri">L. pagenstecheri</taxonomicName>
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sensu lato.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F6DBCAF160B0ED6ABC619A6679D75D9C" pageId="23" pageNumber="38">
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<taxonomicName id="DEFC91BF7EDCA1FEBD767E3D60AF5454" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Lumbricillus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lumbricillus viridis" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="23" pageNumber="38" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="viridis">Lumbricillus viridis</taxonomicName>
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is genetically most closely related to the
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<taxonomicName id="0C15964C217F0277988CADBA76D2F5C8" lsidName="L. pagenstecheri" pageId="23" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="pagenstecheri">L. pagenstecheri</taxonomicName>
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species complex (Fig. 1:
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<taxonomicName id="E9089B20C2D730B399B8C93B5F326659" lsidName="L. pagenstecheri" pageId="23" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="pagenstecheri">L. pagenstecheri</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="77FC9FA1941ABB1BB6D7708FA27528A5" originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |