278 lines
29 KiB
XML
278 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1191.110418" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1191-129" ID-Pensoft-UUID="F10DAA0E857B5B449B284B4E842A4AAB" ID-ZooBank="CA34EBDA15B543CD99666CF8B322EE7D" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1191-129" checkinTime="1707829787901" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Guerrero, Roberto J., Grajales-Andica, Andres F., Fernandez, Fernando, Tocora, Maria C., Fiorentino, Gianpiero & Garcia, Delly R." docDate="2024" docId="1AB4C61BC6035619BD1BFBB433E65387" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1191: 129-150" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1191" docPubDate="2024-02-13" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1191.110418" docTitle="Rhopalothrix mandibularis Guerrero & Grajales 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="F063C899-9938-4D48-B1B1-BAA604287043" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="F10DAA0E857B5B449B284B4E842A4AAB" lastPageNumber="129" masterDocId="F10DAA0E857B5B449B284B4E842A4AAB" masterDocTitle="The ants of the genus Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae) in Colombia" masterLastPageNumber="150" masterPageNumber="129" pageNumber="129" updateTime="1707829787901" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F23E819047C4DE9E81E41240F0901263">
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<mods:title id="80996F30148F84619212E9CFE9B043F5">The ants of the genus Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae) in Colombia</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="A180BF355BB7347236DD48D771E10152" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="B94043B284491CAAB1C4B0B66D13CFC1">Guerrero, Roberto J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0F65AF505A79FD7A3EBB0FB2ED9E264F" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3244-2754</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="3927597734559EF3D75892B1A4637297">Universidad del Magdalena, Facultad de Ciencias Basicas, Programa de Biologia, Santa Marta, Magdalena, Colombia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B0C96EDC7643D6E3F6FC47FCB3EC4330" type="email">rguerrero@unimagdalena.edu.co</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="B9BFD3B1F348FD545264FCD94A673E31">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5B35BE9A0171AB6362DBCEF70C1E798E">Grajales-Andica, Andres F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2CFFB60F30456BA29D15A0459F0FD7C1" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9166-0562</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="D1B9FAE576D7B2652E5AC73E5BB90015">Departamento de Ecologia y Recursos Naturales, Centro Universitario de la Costa Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Autlan de Navarro, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="377FF9EF2E5415AE78E1CD1FC603CDBB" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F230ABB922108DDE43D5FBA6F3BF94D9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="8DD047D779378689560FD11647997E20">Fernandez, Fernando</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="821B45443C50E785EDD9BE36184241A2" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6862-3592</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="463A69AE5953079BCF0B7D791E167F5A">Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, D. C., Colombia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="4B09A424F213ACE5E523CEFBDB0308DC" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="64E06B8211E86491AB0349592478A749">Tocora, Maria C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="390307CF3E6083B5D937CAF0AB812B67" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5304-4010</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="EF459A51AFD9E1F170E0A689FC5BC990">Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M 5 S 3 B 2, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="BBE9056ACAB5A899A2CEDC8D27ED650E" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="54C7DBB7ECB6D394B1150ADC9B1A642D">Fiorentino, Gianpiero</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2DE1F1544D293BEEADE14F03FD0C4952" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6948-5032</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="74AC8FC677B99999B67B3033D19937D8">New Jersey Institute of Technology, New Jersey, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="8E7C4793D89E030F810AA13152618D99">Garcia, Delly R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DEC9E33372BE9F9FA71CEE09A1AA3A7F" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4821-6754</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="32753AEA669BA27DAE55FF221864AB68">Universidad del Quindio, Armenia, Quindio, Colombia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="FAFE52F538F05AE46E5C399A582D91EF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="6D053F72197883D3C7A41B13A4CBA605">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="6A14E6AEDDEC1C75B09E38351D749F67">
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<mods:date id="BEEB9A4F3AF0D721329F92FE240E8C44">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="06FACA93DC19F4D53D98EB62433B845C" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="7EFCBBFC5D598CDEFC532C4F24ADFDCF">2024-02-13</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="2B2BECA59E9492DF00057B97A7FF4FD5" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="9D97E8F024338DDCD1204E302B0E8AC1">1191</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="1C4546E1DAA7AE7C8B0A908C4875EE35">129</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="20DD5DCC7A94017068A176CD499AF57A">150</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:url id="42EA44F988C7B25336735463FCFB207D">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1191.110418</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="955E19D29B6BBB2298929B0BC7397564">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="01F01F0EBF6AB0B5A185B2BD0976CCE7" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1191.110418</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E8F9C4644B230BC4D371F8EAAB497AE4" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1191-129</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A62BCAB38EDDB4602608BFE83EBB6C54" type="ZooBank">CA34EBDA15B543CD99666CF8B322EE7D</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2825273E657553587BC056A8F8F84E65" type="Pensoft-UUID">F10DAA0E857B5B449B284B4E842A4AAB</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="1AB4C61BC6035619BD1BFBB433E65387" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F063C899-9938-4D48-B1B1-BAA604287043" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1AB4C61BC6035619BD1BFBB433E65387" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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<subSubSection id="0377ACB025DE1E457C783D04E9276F05" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="3191D51508F1DFEE973CF243F3F7C6C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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<taxonomicName id="903A39F7439A8CA820569D2436E1B7EA" LSID="https://zoobank.org/F063C899-9938-4D48-B1B1-BAA604287043" authority="Guerrero & Grajales" authorityName="Guerrero & Grajales" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Rhopalothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhopalothrix mandibularis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandibularis" status="sp. nov.">Rhopalothrix mandibularis Guerrero & Grajales</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="680BA52BE35817D3FA2D7FC2837B12DB" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="29C09C9AD5E4404794ABA34C7BEA0DDE" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="description">
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<paragraph id="24AAA2D5C145E6640355AD5464943316" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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<figureCitation id="1450F4C57785DA6B941A0493C926C800" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Distribution map of Rhopalothrix species in Colombia." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1191.110418.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/983269" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="90FC7695F402FC6A13B9941FAF6F8FD3" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Rhopalothrix mandibularis sp. nov. Holotype worker (CBUMAG: ENT: 35947) A full-face view B lateral view C mandible distinguishing the teeth of the apical fork; drawing inserted showing the arrangement of the teeth of the apical fork of the mandible D dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1191.110418.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/983274" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">, 7</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E4A199AAE7ED1AB20245B95712F3A4D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="4C15785EC62FAA7CB79F1B30C9E1FA46" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="122A0EC34E2180262A3FE289195049CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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<emphasis id="9424474709CD7E90034B485EFBB2F303" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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<emphasis id="3F9850B96C2DE7EA0A728F5733BF55BB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Holotype</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Colombia • 1 worker;
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<normalizedToken id="9D6609D4EF76157AE58AB5CC3A29F6A3" originalValue="Quindío">Quindio</normalizedToken>
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, Armenia, Sena;
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<geoCoordinate id="B61182FF928E61FB04CABC22B98A1ADD" degrees="4.56931" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="4.56931">4.56931°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="0A23407E87D15A1BD47EB6A65927C75E" degrees="75.64347" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-75.64347">75.64347°W</geoCoordinate>
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; 1565 m a.s.l.; 18 Feb. 2020; A.F. Grajales-Andica & D.R.
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<normalizedToken id="2CE441597FF3F5FECD4CE147904D6105" originalValue="García-Cárdenas">Garcia-Cardenas</normalizedToken>
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legs.; ex sifted leaf litter, gallery forest; CBUMAG:ENT:35947.
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<emphasis id="5077A03DC3A3D7F96D7487800FB3DE48" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Paratypes</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="18BAA3A2BB6253BC53C0B9D01E746D40" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">N</emphasis>
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= 4). Colombia • 1 worker; same data as for holotype; CIUQ-025287. • 1 worker;
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<normalizedToken id="4F88FBBDBB573F82D5D8203B7027738B" originalValue="Quindío">Quindio</normalizedToken>
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, Armenia, Parque de la Vida;
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<geoCoordinate id="956264825A8C179BA8B599CCC31FC815" degrees="4.54614" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="4.54614">4.54614°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="F1661E48C8C2C78C6383926C5A3E2217" degrees="75.65933" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-75.65933">75.65933°W</geoCoordinate>
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; 1515 m a.s.l.; 8 Oct. 2020; A.F. Grajales-Andica & D.R.
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<normalizedToken id="A88E5D19E1109197EC2E1A426306BCCB" originalValue="García-Cárdenas">Garcia-Cardenas</normalizedToken>
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legs.; ex sifted leaf litter, gallery forest; CIUQ-025288. • 1 worker;
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<normalizedToken id="C1F0BC8F13CEC838B755FA3D1A106E72" originalValue="Quindío">Quindio</normalizedToken>
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, Armenia, Yulima;
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<geoCoordinate id="C284B93096B01F7B4776B6E40C5E5E60" degrees="4.5515" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="4.5515">4.5515°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="4C0A74D508DD54241F6A611BFD3B3035" degrees="75.671" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-75.671">75.671°W</geoCoordinate>
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; 1485 m a.s.l.; 8 Feb. 2020; A.F. Grajales-Andica & D.R.
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<normalizedToken id="7563B85852A05FA9B6FB18908405EBCC" originalValue="García-Cárdenas">Garcia-Cardenas</normalizedToken>
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legs.; ex sifted leaf litter, gallery forest; CIUQ-025289. • 1 worker; Valle del Cauca, Vda. El Tenjo, Finca La
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<normalizedToken id="3525B745CC5A14201B0DF86C428936B8" originalValue="Alejandría">Alejandria</normalizedToken>
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;
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<geoCoordinate id="96AE96A4FB309E8BA69B58B330A2E58E" degrees="3.51667" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="3.51667">3.51667°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="ADE1878B9CC1B48BFFE2EF8EE2A5EF4C" degrees="76.16667" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-76.16667">76.16667°W</geoCoordinate>
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; 1703 m a.s.l.; Aug. 2006; Grupos Hormigas U. V. legs.; ex sifted leaf litter; MUSENUV HOR 008.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9F46E86FF3DB7D31787A0E2E892282D2" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="description">
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<paragraph id="0494DE1E02298A2B1D22E1D0D26D268B" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Holotype worker measurements.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C90A5BB3D3B396E9CA197F60EE06EEF0" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">MdL 0.48, MdbW 0.08, ClyL 0.2, ClyW 0.44, HL 0.67, HW 0.76, WL 0.65, PrnW 0.43, PetL 0.36, PpetL 0.13, PetW 0.19, PpetW 0.31, T4L 0.6, GL 0.68.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="76EF1830143D5ECBA9B1590C499147CF" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="description">
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<paragraph id="592E150C550237CB258A79FB848797F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Paratype workers measurements</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="79541658F3FA5A2D3E6AD073FF17AF1B" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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<emphasis id="D148E5882AD87CB03FF6CB49FCFE05F7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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(
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<emphasis id="C999356E0150CE51732FB0C6FF0D023B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">N</emphasis>
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= 3).
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</emphasis>
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MdL 0.48-0.52, MdbW 0.08-0.09, ClyL 0.19-0.21, ClyW 0.44-0.47, HL 0.65-0.69, HW 0.76-0.78, WL 0.65-0.69, PrnW 0.43-0.45, PetL 0.36-0.38, PpetL 0.13-0.17, PetW 0.19-0.22, PpetW 0.3-0.31, T4L 0.6-0.73, GL 0.67-0.73.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B35D7758FE6C92272CDBE292DA401F8D" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="geographic range">
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<paragraph id="0AD352485D1C04EE573377423FAD35C8" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Geographic range.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F667B6BF3837BF38607D2FA1DCA313FE" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Colombia.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A3C2BAAB9A907A5E4A7BD2D2F6C44F1C" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="DAF482469FEBF9AE70BB69DD6BFD7227" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5DF07C15DBE2DC717E48A84E4A92B569" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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Mandible elongated, much longer (MdL> 0.48) than those of other species in the
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<emphasis id="70F01F4E0C1748BFF5450CF1C9B00111" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">isthmica</emphasis>
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clade, mandibles with outer and masticatory margins subparallel to each other and curving inward at tip; labrum with two slender subrectangular lobes, notch deep; propodeal tooth large, acute, right angled to declivitous face of propodeum, infradental lamella poorly developed, forming a thin rim.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="36642D4FB337B23C9D60EAD247374710" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="description">
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<paragraph id="5F912FF29AA27B3C283D980F13B12F41" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="11028FE060DBD1DE5D3C7527419FA823" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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<emphasis id="C066273F2AFAF62828375CC4619B2DB3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Worker.</emphasis>
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Head in full-face view broader than long, diamond-shaped, with straight cephalic lateral margins strongly diverging posteriorly, extending below the level of the dorsal crest of the head, at the level of the latter a rounded widening that continues on lateral margins converging towards the rounded posterolateral cephalic corners; wide and concave posterior cephalic margin; front visibly protruding in dorsal view, with an arched transverse carina (= crest), and depression impressed behind the crest. In lateral view, mandible dorsally inclined in relation to head plane (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="3F8EA64B47BD092FF91F514210F57F25" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Rhopalothrix mandibularis sp. nov. Holotype worker (CBUMAG: ENT: 35947) A full-face view B lateral view C mandible distinguishing the teeth of the apical fork; drawing inserted showing the arrangement of the teeth of the apical fork of the mandible D dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1191.110418.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/983274" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">7B</figureCitation>
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); mandible with four to five teeth on masticatory margin as follow: three large equidistant teeth located medially on masticatory margin, basalmost (first) large tooth with a small tooth (sometimes undeveloped) above its base, a middle tooth almost half as long as the previous one, third tooth as long as first, a small fourth tooth as long as 1/3 of first; subapical tooth about twice as long as apical tooth, with denticles at base of both subapical and apical tooth. Trapezoidal labrum as long as broad, with slightly concave sides, subparallel anteriorly, and straight-sided base, labrum with two long blunt subrectangular lobes, with parallel inner faces and deep notch between, length of lobe equal to about 1 /3 of the distance from the base of the notch to the transverse carina at the base of the labrum, Clypeus almost twice as wide as long, with anteroclypeal lobes projecting anterad. Scape just reaching maximum width of head; pedicel and second flagellomere conical towards the base as long as wide, third and fourth flagellomere rectangular wider than long, fifth flagellomere subsquare, last flagellomere finger-shaped tapering apically, as long as the previous four funiculus.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="0D511C21B1259E6ED8081AD5C79894F2" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1191.110418.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/983274" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
|
|
<paragraph id="1E8E78BE1314A0C9FC9CEA5D84C30B95" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
|
|
<emphasis id="EB0C00524829332BBD7662E7344D67AA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F7455F6B74396C167F9B46BAAE468C66" authorityName="Guerrero & Grajales" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Rhopalothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhopalothrix mandibularis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandibularis">
|
|
<emphasis id="C0651CEF38B78DDDDE9269F5D4930CE6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Rhopalothrix mandibularis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. Holotype worker (CBUMAG:ENT:35947)
|
|
<emphasis id="DC2626C6D6A0FEBF4F4F478FA99B5765" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A</emphasis>
|
|
full-face view
|
|
<emphasis id="C8501233E38DEE537AE8D48B1E242FC6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">B</emphasis>
|
|
lateral view
|
|
<emphasis id="C5A7A89073CC2AA311E1690DF79F652C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">C</emphasis>
|
|
mandible distinguishing the teeth of the apical fork; drawing inserted showing the arrangement of the teeth of the apical fork of the mandible
|
|
<emphasis id="CA2CB9E9EAFE88F12CCABEE5B6F0D4AB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">D</emphasis>
|
|
dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph id="602BAC72BEAE7B8393C693FBD67C3542" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
|
|
In lateral view, pronotum and mesonotum at the same level, divided by arcuate promesonotal groove and metanotal groove moderately impressed; propodeal dorsum sloping in lateral view. In dorsal view, pronotum with slightly concave anterior margins, narrowing anteriorly to form a distinguishable neck, pronotum with rounded corners at maximum width; in dorsal view, mesonotum wider than long, narrowing posteriorly. Petiole with well-developed peduncle; in lateral view, with straight dorsal face and posteriorly convex ventral face, the latter with a small subpetiolar process projecting anterad as a blunt tooth; petiolar scale rounded in lateral view; postpetiole twice as wide as long (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="35CBA0E42624FCCD9880BA6AE55181E1" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Rhopalothrix mandibularis sp. nov. Holotype worker (CBUMAG: ENT: 35947) A full-face view B lateral view C mandible distinguishing the teeth of the apical fork; drawing inserted showing the arrangement of the teeth of the apical fork of the mandible D dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1191.110418.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/983274" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">7C</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="669E0A761A0C0B423F99F6CFFACA469B" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Short decumbent hairs on surface of head and mesosoma; dorsum of clypeal plate and above posteroclypeal margin with small squamiform hairs. External margin of scape with about 7-9 squamiform hairs similar in size; apex of scape with erect hairs shorter than squamiform ones; funicles with simple subdecumbent hairs. Legs with coxa and femur with few short decumbent hairs; tibia with abundant long, thick semi-erect hairs, and a pair of long flattened hairs located apically on the external surface of each one. About 4-8 squamiform setae on posterior half of first gastral tergite, unspecialized curved hairs scattered over the disc of the first gastral tergite.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="E8B072CEFE4FD6B8F92F509FF01BD6A1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Head, mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole shagreened, legs shiny with granular surface, except all tibiae with smooth surface; surface of first gastral tergite finely shagreened. Color reddish brown to ferruginous brown, with yellowish brown distal antennal flagellomeres.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="74E7137F88A5337CBA673DEA4980D7B8" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="natural history">
|
|
<paragraph id="B89AC7F676BC8295E40D40DA7D049F47" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="9CB89BF16F0401CC04C322C95101943B" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">This species inhabits humid forests between 1400 and 1700 m above sea level. The holotype and several paratypes were collected in fragments of humid gallery forest and Guadua (bamboo) forest in the city of Armenia. All known specimens are from Winkler samples of sifted leaf litter.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="F4FDE3CAF76C61732F46F5DA60E12856" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="etymology">
|
|
<paragraph id="F7EE5D45C5A8910A4FC26B4B72BC02A6" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="76A350ADCCCEEF2CA54BD9FF2CDEA439" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
|
|
The name refers to the long mandibles of the worker, a trait not found in any other species in the
|
|
<emphasis id="E9A80B5E54636C7D46DC8607E6482752" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">isthmica</emphasis>
|
|
clade.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="0E67561B1521BC6B65865705C1C0B8AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="comments">
|
|
<paragraph id="FEF3BABED00A6201CFAC30C2FF041199" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Comments.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="641A862914A1422C136A8E61722688ED" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
|
|
This species is placed in the diverse
|
|
<emphasis id="A022748AF356681E8097D5E95D3C4835" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">isthmica</emphasis>
|
|
clade because it shares the two synapomorphies proposed by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="968DDF4E2973D3B434EF172A7CD2D185" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1" author="Longino, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="301 - 324" refId="B9" refString="Longino, J, Boudinot, B, 2013. New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301 - 324, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1" title="New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1" volume="3616" year="2013">Longino and Boudinot (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
. This new species, however, has been widely confused in some Colombian collections with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2DBB3F89D85B33F3616E4E9CE7F4EADF" lsidName="R. ciliata" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="ciliata">
|
|
<emphasis id="03CA1561EC227D184F5B8E29F3D749D4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">R. ciliata</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
due to its similarity in mandibular shape, the shape of the two lobes of the labrum and the depth of the sinus.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6C0FFEFFDA14FB4AA393AA1F30694315" authorityName="Guerrero & Grajales" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Rhopalothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhopalothrix mandibularis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandibularis">
|
|
<emphasis id="396F0CF93A1B6450E08F3003AC59F960" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Rhopalothrix mandibularis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
can be differentiated from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="9FAEA5EC1EE730130DAC6AE75ED9096C" lsidName="R. ciliata" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="ciliata">
|
|
<emphasis id="8A03EA84F8C964602DAF75FA3741E30E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">R. ciliata</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by the absence of squamiform setae on the rostrum, the latter with specialized setae and a flattened surface on the rostrum. Also, mandibles are longer and thinner along their length in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="76833DFCEB054AF00A8A9637630744E1" lsidName="R. mandibularis" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="mandibularis">
|
|
<emphasis id="BDCC080A9977B11BCEEB3E5695C97787" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">R. mandibularis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
while in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="DA08573C2EC641F1AC5A5251F54D08DD" lsidName="R. ciliata" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="ciliata">
|
|
<emphasis id="4B402D7824BCFEDFD864F67B5BA45B54" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">R. ciliata</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
they are short and broad; in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="468F7B36E4BCC237F607313283D75F7D" lsidName="R. ciliata" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="ciliata">
|
|
<emphasis id="4FFD6279704C18FC214570602FEEB9E7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">R. ciliata</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
the tip of the labral lobes can reach up to half the length of the mandible, but in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EB81350DE0C586A67DA0604BA0CD20DB" lsidName="R. mandibularis" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="mandibularis">
|
|
<emphasis id="32D2B550A5C8F51DC3EDFD0BAF1EE5A6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">R. mandibularis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
the anterior margin of the labrum barely reaches the first tooth of the mandible.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="6EBD76B49A96C3B8570B4C062DF8C4F6" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
|
|
Habitus of the worker of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="69D520EF24B48D16B9F887978473AE8F" authorityName="Guerrero & Grajales" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Rhopalothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhopalothrix mandibularis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandibularis">
|
|
<emphasis id="149D2E94901A4B88E7B33D3C718C375A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Rhopalothrix mandibularis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is similar to that of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B91BC0BA4590F9F61F0EBB1D671CF517" lsidName="R. stannardi" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="stannardi">
|
|
<emphasis id="5C3FE2682A67DF3DBBB7CF8D9ED3D0F1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">R. stannardi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Brown & Kempf, 1960, but the mandible length is remarkably different between the two, as well as the mandible dentition;
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4AFA0F93385C17BABF03911580C67382" lsidName="R. mandibularis" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="mandibularis">
|
|
<emphasis id="26A1630DD3D8CFE11169A76945F7FD71" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">R. mandibularis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
has three teeth located towards the middle of the masticatory margin (the most basal tooth is far from the base), while in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="AABAA6479BA4C1808F849EF83DE6D78B" lsidName="R. stannardi" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="stannardi">
|
|
<emphasis id="E619B705302B35F6972DA1556B1439D4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">R. stannardi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
the three teeth are equidistant, with the most basal tooth starting at the base of the masticatory margin. Another different feature is the infradental lamella, which is very poorly developed in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8CBB9D49674739E8DD0A944B18E07E7A" lsidName="R. mandibularis" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="mandibularis">
|
|
<emphasis id="A86049ECE6C61C1171750EF06C426883" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">R. mandibularis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, while in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EAFA7C0EB1C8DB026D7A859B2276F9A9" lsidName="R. stannardi" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="stannardi">
|
|
<emphasis id="6CD1F28F97C60382731FC4A6F5C2B6A2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">R. stannardi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
the lamella is broad and descends almost perpendicularly from the tooth.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |