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<mods:title id="49DAF916A892B927824DCF72B387004E">A review of the tribes of Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A743B3436BACBA903986F247B08E70CB">Zahniser, James N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FA7B794614E24D79F852D532ECC92ECE">Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1816 S. Oak St., Champaign, IL 61820, United States of America &amp; urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: C 44 D 6 E 44 - FA 1 C- 4 B 29 - B 7 BB-FAF 5940 CD 225 &amp; corresponding author e-mail: zahniser @ illinois. edu</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="885BCB1E003718B52DAC81E7E537BEC9">Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1816 S. Oak St., Champaign, IL 61820, United States of America &amp; urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 82 FCB 86 C- 54 B 4 - 456 A-AE 5 E-D 7847 D 271 CB 9</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="E1150D16A336FF9EAC88E5EF28F2FB08" blockId="120.[648,940,1207,1269]" box="[648,940,1207,1234]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
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<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A336FF9EAC88E5EF28F2FB08" ID-CoL="9DMZJ" ID-ENA="2768494" authority="Emeljanov, 1962" authorityName="Emeljanov" authorityYear="1962" box="[648,940,1207,1234]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Opsiini">
Opsiini 
<bibRefCitation id="853B70E7A336FF9EACE5E5EF28F2FB08" author="Emeljanov A. F." box="[741,940,1207,1234]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" pagination="236 - 240" refId="ref86687" refString="Emeljanov A. F. 1962. New tribes of the leafhopper subfamily Euscelinae (Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadellidae). Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 41: 388 - 397. [In Russian with English summary, translation in Entomological Review 41 (2): 236 - 240]" type="journal article" year="1962">Emeljanov, 1962</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E1150D16A336FF9EACDBE58C2807FB2C" blockId="120.[648,940,1207,1269]" box="[731,857,1243,1269]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<figureCitation id="79911193A336FF9EACDBE58C2807FB2C" box="[731,857,1243,1269]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStartId-0="123.[189,232,1968,1994]" captionStartId-1="125.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionStartId-2="128.[189,232,1964,1990]" captionStartId-3="130.[187,230,1964,1990]" captionTargetBox-0="[195,1384,292,1921]" captionTargetBox-1="[196,1392,449,1916]" captionTargetBox-2="[221,1370,269,1920]" captionTargetBox-3="[193,1378,307,1920]" captionTargetId-0="figure@123.[189,1398,287,1927]" captionTargetId-1="figure@125.[189,1398,446,1922]" captionTargetId-2="figure@128.[210,1386,265,1921]" captionTargetId-3="figure@130.[187,1399,304,1921]" captionTargetPageId-0="123" captionTargetPageId-1="125" captionTargetPageId-2="128" captionTargetPageId-3="130" captionText-0="Fig. 38. Opsiini (Achaeticina). Achaetica anabasidis Emeljanov, 1959. A–I. Standard views (see Material &amp; Methods)." captionText-1="Fig. 39. Opsiini (Circuliferina). Neoaliturus carbonarius Mitjaev, 1971. A–I. Standard views (see Material &amp; Methods)." captionText-2="Fig. 40. Opsiini (Eremophlepsiina). Pseudophlepsius binotatus (Signoret, 1880). A–F, H–I. Standard views (see Material &amp; Methods). I. Caudoventral view. J. Connective. K. Style." captionText-3="Fig. 41. Opsiini (Opsiina). Opsius stactogalus Fieber, 1866. A–I. Standard views (see Material &amp; Methods)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3822794" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3822796" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3822798" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3822800" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3822794/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3822796/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3822798/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/3822800/files/figure.png" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Figs 38-41</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<typeStatus id="3E11B3B4A336FF9EAEBDE44A2BA9FAEE" box="[189,247,1309,1335]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Type</typeStatus>
genus: 
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<emphasis id="D3DED104A336FF9EAF52E44A2AFDFAEE" box="[338,419,1309,1335]" italics="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Opsius</emphasis>
Fieber, 1866
</taxonomicName>
.
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<heading id="BA5DBA7AA336FF9EAEBDE4092A68FAA1" bold="true" box="[189,310,1374,1400]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" reason="3">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A336FF9EAEBDE4092A68FAA1" bold="true" box="[189,310,1374,1400]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="E1150D16A336FF9EAEBDE4DB2FBCFA34" blockId="120.[189,1398,1420,1517]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A336FF9EAEBDE4DB2A4DFA7F" authorityName="Emeljanov" authorityYear="1962" box="[189,275,1420,1446]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Opsiini">Opsiini</taxonomicName>
are small to large, stramineous, yellow, green, or brown leafhoppers. They can be identified by the bifurcate aedeagus with two shafts and gonopores. Some Mukariini and 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A336FF9EAA2FE4E72F22FA13" authorityName="DeLong" authorityYear="1943" box="[1071,1148,1456,1482]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Ascius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A336FF9EAA2FE4E72F22FA13" box="[1071,1148,1456,1482]" italics="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Ascius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A336FF9EAA8AE4F82E6FFA13" authorityName="Oman" authorityYear="1943" box="[1162,1329,1455,1482]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Scaphytopiini">Scaphytopiini</taxonomicName>
) have a similarly divided aedeagus but 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A336FF9EAC40E48429C8FA34" authorityName="Emeljanov" authorityYear="1962" box="[576,662,1491,1517]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Opsiini">Opsiini</taxonomicName>
lack the other characters that define those groups.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E1150D16A336FF9EAEBDE7432A10F9F7" blockId="120.[189,334,1556,1582]" box="[189,334,1556,1582]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<heading id="BA5DBA7AA336FF9EAEBDE7432A10F9F7" bold="true" box="[189,334,1556,1582]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" reason="3">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A336FF9EAEBDE7432A10F9F7" bold="true" box="[189,334,1556,1582]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
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<paragraph id="E1150D16A336FF9EAEBDE71428A3F8AF" blockId="120.[189,1399,1602,1911]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
HEAD. Head subequal to or wider than or distinctly narrower than pronotum. Discal portion of crown glabrous with radial or longitudinal striae. Anterior margin of head shagreen, glabrous or irregularly textured, with numerous transverse striations, or foliaceous (
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A336FF9EADE9E7DE2E34F97D" authority="Emeljanov, 1962" authorityName="Emeljanov" authorityYear="1962" box="[1001,1386,1673,1700]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Chlidochrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A336FF9EADE9E7DE2F24F97A" box="[1001,1146,1673,1699]" italics="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Chlidochrus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853B70E7A336FF9EAA90E7DE2E34F97D" author="Emeljanov A. F." box="[1168,1386,1673,1700]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" pagination="236 - 240" refId="ref86687" refString="Emeljanov A. F. 1962. New tribes of the leafhopper subfamily Euscelinae (Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadellidae). Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 41: 388 - 397. [In Russian with English summary, translation in Entomological Review 41 (2): 236 - 240]" type="journal article" year="1962">Emeljanov, 1962</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
). Frontoclypeus not tumid; texture shagreen or glabrous. Clypellus parallel-sided, tapering apically, or widening apically; apex following or slightly surpassing normal curve of gena. Lorum subequal to or wider than clypellus near base. Antennal bases near middle or posteroventral (lower) corners of eyes. Antennae short, less than 1.5 x width of head. Gena obtusely incised laterally; with fine erect seta beside laterofrontal suture. Antennal ledges absent or weakly developed (carinate or weakly carinate). Ocelli absent or reduced or present; close to eyes; on anterior margin of head.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E1150D16A336FF9FAEBDE6C92940FEB5" blockId="120.[189,1399,1949,1976]" lastBlockId="121.[189,1399,267,364]" lastPageId="121" lastPageNumber="122" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">THORAX. Pronotum lateral margin not carinate or carinate; lateral margin shorter than basal width of eye. WINGS. Forewing brachypterous to macropterous; appendix restricted to anal margin; with 3 anteapical cells; veins not raised; with or without reflexed costal veins; A1-A2 crossvein absent or present; apical venation not highly reticulate.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E1150D16A337FF9FAEBDE0C32FFAFE2A" blockId="121.[189,1398,403,500]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
LEGS. Profemur with 
<collectionCode id="87BB95D3A337FF9FAFB9E0C42AB3FE74" box="[441,493,403,429]" country="Australia" name="Australian Museum" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" type="Museum">AM</collectionCode>
1 seta only; intercalary row with one row of five or more fine setae; row AV with short, stout setae. Protibia dorsal surface rounded, convex. Metafemur apex macrosetae 2+0, 2+1, 2+2, or 2+2+1. Metatarsomere I not expanded apically; plantar setae simple, tapered.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E1150D16A337FF9FAEBDE34B2A6EFCAB" blockId="121.[189,1399,539,882]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
<collectionCode id="87BB95D3A337FF9FAEBDE34B2BA1FDEA" box="[189,255,540,566]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">MALE</collectionCode>
GENITALIA. Apodemes of male sternites I and II often very well-developed. Valve articulated with pygofer; lateral margin short, articulating with pygofer at a point. Pygofer dorsoapical margin not strongly incised or incised to near mid-length; basolateral membranous cleft present; macrosetae absent or reduced (≤ two rows) or well differentiated into several rows. Subgenital plates free from each other; articulated with valve; without macrosetae or with macrosetae irregularly arranged or uniseriate laterally. Style broadly bilobed basally, median anterior lobe pronounced. Basal processes of the aedeagus/connective absent, reduced, or present and fused to base of aedeagus. Aedeagus shaft divided near base, with two gonopores, or shaft divided toward apex and forming semicircles (Circuliferina), with two gonopores. Connective anterior arms somewhat divergent, 
<emphasis id="D3DED104A337FF9FADF1E2622F58FC96" bold="true" box="[1009,1030,821,847]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Y</emphasis>
- or 
<emphasis id="D3DED104A337FF9FAA3BE2622F0EFC96" bold="true" box="[1083,1104,821,847]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">U</emphasis>
-shaped; articulated with aedeagus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E1150D16A337FF9FAEBDE2CD2E1DFB5F" blockId="121.[189,1398,921,1159]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">FEMALE GENITALIA. Pygofer with macrosetae reduced or absent or with numerous macrosetae. Ovipositor protruding or not protruding far beyond pygofer apex. First valvula convex or not strongly convex; dorsal sculpturing pattern strigate, concatenate, reticulate, with rectangular shaped cells, granulose, maculose, or imbricate (with overlapping scales); sculpturing reaching dorsal margin or submarginal; without distinctly delimited ventroapical sculpturing. Second valvula broad and gradually tapered, gradually broadened medially or subapically, or slender throughout; without dorsal median tooth; teeth on apical 1/3 or more or restricted to apical 1/4 or less; teeth small, regularly or irregularly shaped.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A9B05E9DA337FF9FAEBDE5F92F13F98F" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="E1150D16A337FF9FAEBDE5F92ABAFB11" blockId="121.[189,484,1198,1224]" box="[189,484,1198,1224]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
<heading id="BA5DBA7AA337FF9FAEBDE5F92ABAFB11" bold="true" box="[189,484,1198,1224]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" reason="3">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A337FF9FAEBDE5F92ABAFB11" bold="true" box="[189,484,1198,1224]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Geography and ecology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E1150D16A337FF9FAEBDE58B2F13F98F" blockId="121.[189,1399,1244,1623]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
Distribution: cosmopolitan. 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A337FF9FAC0EE58B293AFB2F" authorityName="Emeljanov" authorityYear="1962" box="[526,612,1244,1270]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Opsiini">Opsiini</taxonomicName>
feed on a wide variety of herbaceous and woody dicots. 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A337FF9FAB25E58A2A80FAC0" authority="Fieber, 1866" authorityName="Fieber" authorityYear="1866" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Opsius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stactogalus">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A337FF9FAB25E58A2A1DFAC3" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Opsius stactogalus</emphasis>
Fieber, 1866
</taxonomicName>
, a Palearctic species introduced in the New World, feeds on 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A337FF9FAA9EE4572FA2FAC3" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[1182,1276,1280,1306]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Tamaricaceae" genus="Tamarix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="121" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">tamarix</taxonomicName>
. This tribe contains several species of economic importance. 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A337FF9FAD0AE4742E71FAE7" authority="(Baker, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Baker" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[778,1327,1315,1342]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Neoaliturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenellus" subGenus="Circulifer">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A337FF9FAD0AE47428CBFAE4" box="[778,917,1315,1341]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Neoaliturus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="D3DED104A337FF9FADA6E4742F47FAE4" box="[934,1049,1315,1341]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Circulifer</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="D3DED104A337FF9FAA2BE4742FD8FAE4" box="[1067,1158,1315,1341]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">tenellus</emphasis>
(Baker, 1896)
</taxonomicName>
is the vector of beet curly top, tomato big bud, and 16SrV-16SrIX. 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A337FF9FAD78E4102E28FAB8" authority="(Mulsant &amp; Rey, 1855)" baseAuthorityName="Mulsant &amp; Rey" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[888,1398,1350,1377]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Neoaliturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haematoceps" subGenus="Circulifer">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A337FF9FAD78E41028CDFAB9" box="[888,915,1351,1376]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">N.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="D3DED104A337FF9FADA2E41028E3FAB8" box="[930,957,1351,1377]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">C.</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="D3DED104A337FF9FADCDE4112F38FAB9" box="[973,1126,1350,1376]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">haematoceps</emphasis>
(Mulsant &amp; Rey, 1855)
</taxonomicName>
vectors sesame phyllody and 16SrV-16SrIX. 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A337FF9FACDEE43D2FFAFA5A" authority="(Matsumura, 1914)" baseAuthorityName="Matsumura" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[734,1188,1385,1412]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Orosius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A337FF9FACDEE43D28EAFA5A" box="[734,948,1385,1412]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Orosius orientalis</emphasis>
(Matsumura, 1914)
</taxonomicName>
transmits tomato big bud, tobacco yellow dwarf, lucerne witches’ broom, legume little leaf, mosaic I, potato purple top wilt, and witches’ broom of groundnuts. 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A337FF9FACA1E4E72F71FA13" authority="Distant, 1918" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1918" box="[673,1071,1456,1482]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Orosius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicinctus">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A337FF9FACA1E4E728D9FA13" box="[673,903,1456,1482]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Orosius albicinctus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853B70E7A337FF9FAD8FE4E72F71FA13" author="Distant W. L." box="[911,1071,1456,1482]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" refId="ref85887" refString="Distant W. L. 1918. Rhynchota. Homoptera: Appendix. Heteroptera: Addenda. In: Shipley A. E. &amp; Marshall G. A. K. (eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Volume 7. Taylor and Francis, London." type="book" year="1918">Distant, 1918</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
transmits sesame phyllody. 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A337FF9FAEBDE4842934FA34" authority="(Distant, 1908)" baseAuthorityName="Distant" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[189,618,1491,1517]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Hishimonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phycitis">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A337FF9FAEBDE4842AF3FA34" box="[189,429,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Hishimonus phycitis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="853B70E7A337FF9FAFBFE484293CFA34" author="Distant W. L." box="[447,610,1491,1517]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" refId="ref85845" refString="Distant W. L. 1908. Rhynchota - Homoptera. In: Bingham C. T. (ed.) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Volume 4. Taylor and Francis, London." type="book" year="1908">Distant, 1908</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
vectors eggplant little leaf. 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A337FF9FADBBE4842BA6F9C8" authority="Ishihara, 1965" authorityName="Ishihara" authorityYear="1965" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Hishimonoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sellatiformis">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A337FF9FADBBE4842E56FA34" box="[955,1288,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Hishimonoides sellatiformis</emphasis>
Ishihara, 1965
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A337FF9FAF36E4A1298CF9C8" authority="(Uhler, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Uhler" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[310,722,1526,1553]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Hishimonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sellatus">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A337FF9FAF36E4A12979F9C9" box="[310,551,1526,1552]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Hishimonus sellatus</emphasis>
(Uhler, 1896)
</taxonomicName>
are vectors of mulberry dwarf and the latter leafhopper is also a vector of Rhus yellows, jujube witches’ broom, and 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A337FF9FADA2E74D2FF0F9EA" box="[930,1198,1562,1588]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Cryptotaenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="japonica">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A337FF9FADA2E74D2FF0F9EA" box="[930,1198,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Cryptotaenia japonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
witches’ broom. 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A337FF9FAEBDE76B29C7F98E" authority="Anufriev, 1970" authorityName="Anufriev" authorityYear="1970" box="[189,665,1596,1623]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Hishimonoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A337FF9FAEBDE76B2ABFF98F" box="[189,481,1596,1622]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Hishimonoides chinensis</emphasis>
Anufriev, 1970
</taxonomicName>
is a vector of jujube witches’ broom.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A9B05E9DA337FF9CAEBDE7292AC3FBB6" lastPageId="122" lastPageNumber="123" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="E1150D16A337FF9FAEBDE7292A71F941" blockId="121.[189,303,1662,1688]" box="[189,303,1662,1688]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
<heading id="BA5DBA7AA337FF9FAEBDE7292A71F941" bold="true" box="[189,303,1662,1688]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" reason="3">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A337FF9FAEBDE7292A71F941" bold="true" box="[189,303,1662,1688]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E1150D16A337FF9FAEBDE7FB2FA8F839" blockId="121.[189,1399,1708,2017]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A337FF9FAEBDE7FB2A4DF91F" authorityName="Emeljanov" authorityYear="1962" box="[189,275,1708,1734]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Opsiini">Opsiini</taxonomicName>
contains 36 genera and 303 species.The phylogenetic analyses here included eight representatives of the tribe including the following that are included in analyses for the first time: 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A337FF9FAAB1E7872ACEF8D4" authority="Zachvatkin, 1924" authorityName="Zachvatkin" authorityYear="1924" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Pseudophlepsius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A337FF9FAAB1E7872E28F933" box="[1201,1398,1744,1770]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Pseudophlepsius</emphasis>
Zachvatkin, 1924
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A337FF9FAF9FE7A429F7F8D4" authority="Distant, 1918" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1918" box="[415,681,1779,1805]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Orosius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A337FF9FAF9FE7A42AA5F8D4" box="[415,507,1779,1805]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Orosius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853B70E7A337FF9FAC05E7A429F7F8D4" author="Distant W. L." box="[517,681,1779,1805]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" refId="ref85887" refString="Distant W. L. 1918. Rhynchota. Homoptera: Appendix. Heteroptera: Addenda. In: Shipley A. E. &amp; Marshall G. A. K. (eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Volume 7. Taylor and Francis, London." type="book" year="1918">Distant, 1918</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A337FF9FACB8E7A42F43F8D4" authority="Kirkaldy, 1907" authorityName="Kirkaldy" authorityYear="1907" box="[696,1053,1779,1805]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Nesophrosyne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A337FF9FACB8E7A42803F8D4" box="[696,861,1779,1805]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Nesophrosyne</emphasis>
Kirkaldy, 1907
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A337FF9FAA2CE7A32E6DF8D4" authority="Ball, 1931" authorityName="Ball" authorityYear="1931" box="[1068,1331,1779,1805]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Japananus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A337FF9FAA2CE7A32FF5F8D4" box="[1068,1195,1780,1805]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Japananus</emphasis>
Ball, 1931
</taxonomicName>
(previously in 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A337FF9FAF35E6412A83F8E8" authorityName="Oman" authorityYear="1943" box="[309,477,1814,1841]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Scaphytopiini">Scaphytopiini</taxonomicName>
), and an undescribed genus near 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A337FF9FAD56E6412893F8E9" authorityName="Linnavuori" authorityYear="1969" box="[854,973,1814,1840]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Libengaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A337FF9FAD56E6412893F8E9" box="[854,973,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Libengaia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry id="99BD4D86A337FF9FAA11E6412F31F8E9" box="[1041,1135,1814,1840]" name="Zambia" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Zambia</collectingCountry>
. The ML and Bayesian analyses resolved it as monophyletic but with low branch support, and the parsimony analysis resolved it as two separate monophyletic groups. The present phylogenetic analyses included more representatives of 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A337FF9FAEDEE6D72A6AF843" authorityName="Emeljanov" authorityYear="1962" box="[222,308,1920,1946]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Opsiini">Opsiini</taxonomicName>
than previous analyses and are the first to suggest the tribe is monophyletic. Strong branch support was recovered for some internal relationships within the tribe, but more representatives and more branch support are needed in future analyses to test the current subtribal classification.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E1150D16A334FF9CAEBDE05B2BA2FD5F" blockId="122.[189,1399,268,646]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A334FF9CAEBDE05B2A4DFEFF" authorityName="Emeljanov" authorityYear="1962" box="[189,275,268,294]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Opsiini">Opsiini</taxonomicName>
is a morphologically diverse tribe. Except for the bifurcate aedeagus with two gonopores, there seem to be very few, if any, characters that can define the tribe entirely. It appears that the bifurcate aedeagus has arisen at least three times in the evolutionary history of 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A334FF9CADEEE0052FEFFEB5" baseAuthorityName="Zahniser &amp; Dietrich" baseAuthorityYear="2010" box="[1006,1201,338,364]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Deltocephalinae">Deltocephalinae</taxonomicName>
. The finding that 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A334FF9CAEBDE0212A62FE56" authorityName="Ball" authorityYear="1931" box="[189,316,374,399]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Japananus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A334FF9CAEBDE0212A62FE56" box="[189,316,374,399]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Japananus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(previously included in 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A334FF9CAC68E0222855FE56" authorityName="Oman" authorityYear="1943" box="[616,779,373,399]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Scaphytopiini">Scaphytopiini</taxonomicName>
based on the produced head and very broad gena) is related to 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A334FF9CAF58E0CE2AF0FE6A" authorityName="Emeljanov" authorityYear="1962" box="[344,430,409,435]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Opsiini">Opsiini</taxonomicName>
rather than 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A334FF9CAC46E0CE29B7FE6A" authorityName="Oman" authorityYear="1943" box="[582,745,409,435]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Scaphytopiini">Scaphytopiini</taxonomicName>
underscores the utility of the bifurcate aedeagus as a predictor of relationships and helpful for classification at the tribal level. However, it is necessary to corroborate any taxonomic hypothesis based on this character with other morphological characters or molecular data. For example, 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A334FF9CAC21E354287CFDC5" authority="DeLong, 1943" authorityName="DeLong" authorityYear="1943" box="[545,802,514,541]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Ascius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A334FF9CAC21E3542930FDC4" box="[545,622,515,541]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Ascius</emphasis>
DeLong, 1943
</taxonomicName>
also has a bifurcate aedeagus, but it is retained in 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A334FF9CAEBDE3722A3EFDE6" authorityName="Oman" authorityYear="1943" box="[189,352,549,575]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Scaphytopiini">Scaphytopiini</taxonomicName>
because it shares the numerous distinct reflexed costal veins and the widely separated anterior arms of the connective with 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A334FF9CAC6FE31E28CEFDBA" authority="Ball, 1931" authorityName="Ball" authorityYear="1931" box="[623,912,585,611]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Scaphytopius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A334FF9CAC6FE31E2855FDBA" box="[623,779,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Scaphytopius</emphasis>
Ball, 1931
</taxonomicName>
, along with the produced head and broad gena.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E1150D16A334FF9CAEBDE3FA2914FC43" blockId="122.[189,1399,685,923]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">
Several genera (
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A334FF9CAF78E3F929E7FD1E" authority="Linnavuori, 1969" authorityName="Linnavuori" authorityYear="1969" box="[376,697,685,712]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Afrascius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A334FF9CAF78E3F92AB9FD11" box="[376,487,686,712]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Afrascius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853B70E7A334FF9CAFECE3FA29E7FD1E" author="Linnavuori R." box="[492,697,685,711]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="1129 - 1185" refId="ref88381" refString="Linnavuori R. 1969. Contribution a la faune du Congo (Brazzaville). Mission A. Villiers et A. Descarpentries XCIII. Hemipteres Hylicidae et Cicadellidae. Bulletin de l'Institut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire (Series A) 31 (4): 1129 - 1185." type="journal article" year="1969">Linnavuori, 1969</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A334FF9CACC3E3F9281CFD1E" authorityName="Ball" authorityYear="1931" box="[707,834,686,711]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Japananus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A334FF9CACC3E3F9281CFD1E" box="[707,834,686,711]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Japananus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A334FF9CAD4FE3FA2FDAFD11" authority="Osborn, 1935" authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1935" box="[847,1156,685,712]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Kirkaldiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A334FF9CAD4FE3FA2883FD1E" box="[847,989,685,711]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Kirkaldiella</emphasis>
Osborn, 1935
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A334FF9CAA8EE3F92BA5FD32" authority="Dlabola, 1981" authorityName="Dlabola" authorityYear="1981" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Masiripius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A334FF9CAA8EE3F92E53FD1E" box="[1166,1293,686,711]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Masiripius</emphasis>
Dlabola, 1981
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A334FF9CAF08E3862968FD33" authority="Linnavuori, 1960" authorityName="Linnavuori" authorityYear="1960" box="[264,566,720,746]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Navaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A334FF9CAF08E3862A03FD33" box="[264,349,721,746]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Navaia</emphasis>
Linnavuori, 1960
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A334FF9CAC44E38628D1FD32" authority="Dlabola, 1979" authorityName="Dlabola" authorityYear="1979" box="[580,911,720,747]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Phlepsopsius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A334FF9CAC44E3862981FD32" box="[580,735,721,747]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Phlepsopsius</emphasis>
Dlabola, 1979
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A334FF9CADCAE3862FE4FD32" authority="Distant, 1908" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1908" box="[970,1210,720,747]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Pugla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A334FF9CADCAE3862F4EFD32" box="[970,1040,721,747]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Pugla</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853B70E7A334FF9CAA19E3872FE4FD32" author="Distant W. L." box="[1049,1210,720,747]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" refId="ref85845" refString="Distant W. L. 1908. Rhynchota - Homoptera. In: Bingham C. T. (ed.) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Volume 4. Taylor and Francis, London." type="book" year="1908">Distant, 1908</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) are transferred to Opsiina from other tribes here because they share the bifurcate aedeagus and other similarities (e.g., brown irrorate color pattern) to some opsiines. Their placement to subtribe should be tested in future studies. 
<emphasis id="D3DED104A334FF9CAF21E26C2ADEFC8D" box="[289,384,827,852]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Dixianu</emphasis>
s Ball, 1918 and 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A334FF9CAC56E26D2839FC8D" authority="Oman, 1949" authorityName="Oman" authorityYear="1949" box="[598,871,826,852]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Lycioides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A334FF9CAC56E26D2998FC8D" box="[598,710,826,852]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Lycioides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853B70E7A334FF9CACD1E26D2839FC8D" author="Oman P. W." box="[721,871,826,852]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="1 - 253" refId="ref89620" refString="Oman P. W. 1949. The Nearctic leafhoppers. A generic classification and check list. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington 3: 1 - 253." type="journal article" year="1949">Oman, 1949</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
are included in Circuliferina following the suggestion of 
<bibRefCitation id="853B70E7A334FF9CAF62E20A2969FCA1" author="Emeljanov A. F." box="[354,567,861,888]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="236 - 240" refId="ref86687" refString="Emeljanov A. F. 1962. New tribes of the leafhopper subfamily Euscelinae (Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadellidae). Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 41: 388 - 397. [In Russian with English summary, translation in Entomological Review 41 (2): 236 - 240]" type="journal article" year="1962">Emeljanov (1962)</bibRefCitation>
that 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A334FF9CAC72E20A29BCFCAE" authorityName="Oman" authorityYear="1949" box="[626,738,861,887]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Lycioides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A334FF9CAC72E20A29BCFCAE" box="[626,738,861,887]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Lycioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is closely related to 
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A334FF9CADD6E20A2E56FCA1" authority="Distant, 1918" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1918" box="[982,1288,861,888]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Neoaliturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A334FF9CADD6E20A2F3FFCAE" box="[982,1121,861,887]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Neoaliturus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853B70E7A334FF9CAA68E20A2E56FCA1" author="Distant W. L." box="[1128,1288,861,888]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" refId="ref85887" refString="Distant W. L. 1918. Rhynchota. Homoptera: Appendix. Heteroptera: Addenda. In: Shipley A. E. &amp; Marshall G. A. K. (eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Volume 7. Taylor and Francis, London." type="book" year="1918">Distant, 1918</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, based in part on the shape of the aedeagus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E1150D16A334FF9CAEBDE2952AF5FC05" blockId="122.[189,427,962,988]" box="[189,427,962,988]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">
<heading id="BA5DBA7AA334FF9CAEBDE2952AF5FC05" bold="true" box="[189,427,962,988]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" reason="3">
<emphasis id="D3DED104A334FF9CAEBDE2952AF5FC05" bold="true" box="[189,427,962,988]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Selected references</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E1150D16A334FF9CAEBDE2A728A1FBF7" blockId="122.[189,1398,1008,1070]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">
<bibRefCitation id="853B70E7A334FF9CAEBDE2A72AF8FBD2" author="Zimmerman E. C." box="[189,422,1008,1035]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" refId="ref92462" refString="Zimmerman E. C. 1948. Insects of Hawai'i. Volume 4. Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu, HI." type="book" year="1948">Zimmerman (1948)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="853B70E7A334FF9CAFB1E2A729D6FBD2" author="Emeljanov A. F." box="[433,648,1008,1035]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="236 - 240" refId="ref86687" refString="Emeljanov A. F. 1962. New tribes of the leafhopper subfamily Euscelinae (Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadellidae). Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 41: 388 - 397. [In Russian with English summary, translation in Entomological Review 41 (2): 236 - 240]" type="journal article" year="1962">Emeljanov (1962)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="853B70E7A334FF9CAC94E2A72863FBD2" author="Ghauri M. S. K." box="[660,829,1008,1035]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="231 - 252" refId="ref87313" refString="Ghauri M. S. K. 1966. Revision of the genus Orosius Distant (Homoptera: Cicadelloidea). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology 18 (7): 231 - 252." type="journal article" year="1966">Ghauri (1966)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="853B70E7A334FF9CAD48E2A728AAFBD2" author="Knight W. J." box="[840,1012,1008,1035]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="125 - 139" refId="ref87941" refString="Knight W. J. 1970 a. A revision of the genus Hishimonus Ishihara (Hom., Cicadellidae). Suomen Hyonteisteellinen Aikakauskirja 36 (3): 125 - 139." type="journal article" year="1970">Knight (1970a</bibRefCitation>
, b), 
<bibRefCitation id="853B70E7A334FF9CAA27E2A72E5FFBD2" author="Linnavuori R." box="[1063,1281,1008,1035]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="1129 - 1185" refId="ref88381" refString="Linnavuori R. 1969. Contribution a la faune du Congo (Brazzaville). Mission A. Villiers et A. Descarpentries XCIII. Hemipteres Hylicidae et Cicadellidae. Bulletin de l'Institut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire (Series A) 31 (4): 1129 - 1185." type="journal article" year="1969">Linnavuori (1969)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="853B70E7A334FF9CAB0CE2A72A53FBF7" author="Dmitriev D. A." pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="975 - 1002" refId="ref85974" refString="Dmitriev D. A. 2002. Larvae of the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Homoptera, Cicadellidae) from European part of Russia and adjacent territories. I. A key to tribes and review of the tribes Drabescini, Scaphytopiini, Hecalini, Limotettigini, and Opsiini. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 81 (3): 627 - 661. [In Russian, translated into English in Entomological Review 82 (8): 975 - 1002]" type="journal article" year="2002">Dmitriev (2002)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="853B70E7A334FF9CAF1AE5432A80FBF7" author="Dai W. &amp; Cui W. &amp; Xiao B. &amp; Zhang Y." box="[282,478,1044,1070]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="55 - 68" refId="ref84862" refString="Dai W., Cui W., Xiao B. &amp; Zhang Y. 2010. A new genus and species of Old World Opsiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae), with a key to genera and species checklist for the tribe. Zootaxa 2607: 55 - 68." type="journal article" year="2010">
Dai 
<emphasis id="D3DED104A334FF9CAF4CE5422AD8FBF7" box="[332,390,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">et al.</emphasis>
(2010)
</bibRefCitation>
, Dai 
<emphasis id="D3DED104A334FF9CAC1CE5422909FBF7" box="[540,599,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">et al.</emphasis>
(2011), 
<bibRefCitation id="853B70E7A334FF9CACBAE54328A5FBF7" author="Bennett G. M. &amp; O'Grady P. M." box="[698,1019,1044,1070]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="1 - 25" refId="ref83845" refString="Bennett G. M. &amp; O'Grady P. M. 2011. Review of the native Hawaiian leafhopper genus Nesophrosyne (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) with description of eight new species associated with Broussaisia arguta (Hydrangeaceae). Zootaxa 2805: 1 - 25." type="journal article" year="2011">Bennett &amp; O’Grady (2011)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E1150D16A334FF9CAEBDE5022AC3FBB6" blockId="122.[189,413,1109,1135]" box="[189,413,1109,1135]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Included subtribes:</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>