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<document id="0AAE13CE8941ECEEE55CB80754F72C8D" ID-CLB-Dataset="32542" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4301.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5274b2f8-e4d0-4ac9-8e81-a23e886b2380" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="839721" ID-ZooBank="67A78566-A4FD-4E37-96E9-DCC4CCF321E5" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1502114167755" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mitroiu, Mircea-Dan" docDate="2017" docId="4D3D879AFF96FF9CFF16C14EFD6EFB6B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4301.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4301 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Parasaphodes afer Mitroiu 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="52" masterDocId="B104FFE2FFA6FFAFFF81C71BF92DFFAE" masterDocTitle="Revision of world Austroterobiinae and Parasaphodinae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Pteromalidae), parasitoids of giant scales (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Monophlebidae)" masterLastPageNumber="63" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1698466298181" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="8444547EAE3842271B512A520E5C5267" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="A2380E5727CBF2E52A1A2EB6333B2947">
<mods:title id="F3B13E6499DA50D3B7EFA9537475DC58">Revision of world Austroterobiinae and Parasaphodinae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Pteromalidae), parasitoids of giant scales (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Monophlebidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="0F8ED7D8096D528AE86C36ABE22F2B4C" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4521E0DA417FE50B994B0E17A5CA5F09">Mitroiu, Mircea-Dan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="4CFAE2C8DAF758A6BC61A3C1E374C688">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="B732DBB7B7C8D414AE3967444A37763F">
<mods:date id="056F70E945EC9566655D63BBE1D01CBA">2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="03F77D659187DB29481367BDE2E40AA7" type="volume">
<mods:number id="0067FEE5D4A282E35DDBCC98A463343E">4301</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="FC101BA2F6CA333FD24C31A6EF1FCB96">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="2192DBF53C4962CA2B21B147460449E1" type="CLB-Dataset">32542</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="69722033B05BB55558EE66B43F5B9AC5" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4301.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4709B9C1AF53FBDE815DAD3571C3B912" type="GBIF-Dataset">5274b2f8-e4d0-4ac9-8e81-a23e886b2380</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D02A809B65E540E0C71919B8B25CA36B" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="813FF09531CAF715B1A2FE4BE8DC1F3D" type="Zenodo-Dep">839721</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="4D3D879AFF96FF9CFF16C14EFD6EFB6B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6038628" ID-GBIF-Taxon="132632487" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6038628" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4D3D879AFF96FF9CFF16C14EFD6EFB6B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4D3D879AFF96FF9CFF16C14EFD6EFB6B" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<subSubSection id="8D8E6507FF96FF9FFF16C14EF86FF93E" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="C52B368CFF96FF9FFF16C14EF8F0F9C1" blockId="48.[151,477,1621,1680]" box="[151,477,1621,1647]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<heading id="9E6381E0FF96FF9FFF16C14EF8F0F9C1" bold="true" box="[151,477,1621,1647]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" reason="1">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF96FF9FFF16C14EF8F0F9C1" bold="true" box="[151,477,1621,1647]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="02944D0FFF96FF9FFF16C14EF855F9C1" authority="Mitroiu, 2017" authorityName="Mitroiu" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,376,1621,1647]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Parasaphodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afer" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF96FF9FFF16C14EF855F9C1" bold="true" box="[151,376,1621,1647]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Parasaphodes afer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ECD357E5FF96FF9FFEFEC14EF8F0F9C1" box="[383,477,1621,1647]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C52B368CFF96FF9FFF16C16CF86FF93E" blockId="48.[151,477,1621,1680]" box="[151,322,1655,1680]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
(
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF96FF9FFF1EC16CF817F93E" box="[159,314,1655,1680]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 121 – 123" captionStart-1="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId-0="49.[151,264,1427,1450]" captionStartId-1="50.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,185,1402]" captionTargetBox-1="[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetId-0="figure@49.[151,1435,185,1402]" captionTargetId-1="figure@50.[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId-0="49" captionTargetPageId-1="50" captionText-0="FIGURES 121 – 123. Parasaphodes afer: 121, holotype ♀, habitus, lateral view; 122, allotype ♂, habitus, lateral view; 123, holotype ♀, habitus, dorsal view." captionText-1="FIGURES 124 – 131. Parasaphodes afer: 124, holotype ♀, head, frontal view; 125, holotype ♀, head, dorsal view; 126, holotype ♀, head, lateral view; 127, holotype ♀, antenna; 128, holotype ♀, mesosoma, dorsal view; 129, holotype ♀, mesosoma, lateral view; 130, paratype ♀, Madagascar, propodeum, dorsal view; 131, holotype ♀, fore wing." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/839771/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/839773/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Figs 121–131</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8D8E6507FF96FF9FFF16C1A1FDF8F85D" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="C52B368CFF96FF9FFF16C1A1FAA0F8CD" blockId="48.[151,1436,1722,2035]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF96FF9FFF16C1A1F83CF97D" bold="true" box="[151,273,1722,1747]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Both
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF96FF9FFEDAC1A7F8BBF97D" box="[347,406,1724,1747]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">sexes</emphasis>
: clypeal margin bilobed; genae short and strongly converging towards mouth (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF96FF9FFAABC1A1FCA2F97D" box="[1322,1423,1722,1747]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Parasaphodes afer: 124, holotype ♀, head, frontal view; 125, holotype ♀, head, dorsal view; 126, holotype ♀, head, lateral view; 127, holotype ♀, antenna; 128, holotype ♀, mesosoma, dorsal view; 129, holotype ♀, mesosoma, lateral view; 130, paratype ♀, Madagascar, propodeum, dorsal view; 131, holotype ♀, fore wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839773/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 124</figureCitation>
); scape short, not nearly reaching lower margin of median ocellus (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF96FF9FFCFDC1C5FAF2F959" box="[892,991,1758,1783]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Parasaphodes afer: 124, holotype ♀, head, frontal view; 125, holotype ♀, head, dorsal view; 126, holotype ♀, head, lateral view; 127, holotype ♀, antenna; 128, holotype ♀, mesosoma, dorsal view; 129, holotype ♀, mesosoma, lateral view; 130, paratype ♀, Madagascar, propodeum, dorsal view; 131, holotype ♀, fore wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839773/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 124</figureCitation>
); anterior corners of pronotal collar not carinate (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF96FF9FFE80C019F848F8B5" box="[257,357,1794,1819]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Parasaphodes afer: 124, holotype ♀, head, frontal view; 125, holotype ♀, head, dorsal view; 126, holotype ♀, head, lateral view; 127, holotype ♀, antenna; 128, holotype ♀, mesosoma, dorsal view; 129, holotype ♀, mesosoma, lateral view; 130, paratype ♀, Madagascar, propodeum, dorsal view; 131, holotype ♀, fore wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839773/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 128</figureCitation>
); axillae strongly advanced (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF96FF9FFD31C019FA38F8B5" box="[688,789,1794,1819]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Parasaphodes afer: 124, holotype ♀, head, frontal view; 125, holotype ♀, head, dorsal view; 126, holotype ♀, head, lateral view; 127, holotype ♀, antenna; 128, holotype ♀, mesosoma, dorsal view; 129, holotype ♀, mesosoma, lateral view; 130, paratype ♀, Madagascar, propodeum, dorsal view; 131, holotype ♀, fore wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839773/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 128</figureCitation>
); propodeum with double median carina, otherwise with median area mostly smooth (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF96FF9FFE60C03DFB68F891" box="[481,581,1830,1855]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Parasaphodes afer: 124, holotype ♀, head, frontal view; 125, holotype ♀, head, dorsal view; 126, holotype ♀, head, lateral view; 127, holotype ♀, antenna; 128, holotype ♀, mesosoma, dorsal view; 129, holotype ♀, mesosoma, lateral view; 130, paratype ♀, Madagascar, propodeum, dorsal view; 131, holotype ♀, fore wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839773/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 130</figureCitation>
); gaster virtually sessile (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF96FF9FFCE6C03DFD25F891" box="[871,1032,1830,1855]" captionStart="FIGURES 121 – 123" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1427,1450]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,185,1402]" captionTargetId="figure@49.[151,1435,185,1402]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 121 – 123. Parasaphodes afer: 121, holotype ♀, habitus, lateral view; 122, allotype ♂, habitus, lateral view; 123, holotype ♀, habitus, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839771/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Figs 122, 123</figureCitation>
), petiole small, strongly transverse, with two lateral flanges and some longitudinal rugae on dorsal side.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C52B368CFF96FF9FFF46C075FDF8F85D" blockId="48.[151,1436,1722,2035]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="02944D0FFF96FF9FFF46C075F8B2F829" authorityName="Mitroiu" authorityYear="2017" box="[199,415,1902,1927]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Parasaphodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afer">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF96FF9FFF46C075F8B2F829" box="[199,415,1902,1927]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Parasaphodes afer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be separated from all other species of
<taxonomicName id="02944D0FFF96FF9FFC1CC075FD10F829" authorityName="Mitroiu" authorityYear="2017" box="[925,1085,1902,1927]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Parasaphodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF96FF9FFC1CC075FD10F829" box="[925,1085,1902,1927]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Parasaphodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
mainly by its bilobed clypeal margin, its head shape in frontal view (with genae short and strongly converging towards the mouth,
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF96FF9FFB7EC089FC72F805" box="[1279,1375,1938,1963]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Parasaphodes afer: 124, holotype ♀, head, frontal view; 125, holotype ♀, head, dorsal view; 126, holotype ♀, head, lateral view; 127, holotype ♀, antenna; 128, holotype ♀, mesosoma, dorsal view; 129, holotype ♀, mesosoma, lateral view; 130, paratype ♀, Madagascar, propodeum, dorsal view; 131, holotype ♀, fore wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839773/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 124</figureCitation>
), and mostly smooth median area of the propodeum. It shares with
<taxonomicName id="02944D0FFF96FF9FFCCFC0ACFAECF861" authorityName="Mitroiu" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[846,961,1974,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Parasaphodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF96FF9FFCCFC0ACFAECF861" box="[846,961,1974,1999]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">P. flavipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the anterior corners of pronotal collar not being carinate, but can be easily separated from that species by the sessile gaster (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF96FF9FFBABC0C1FDE4F85D" box="[1066,1225,2010,2035]" captionStart="FIGURES 121 – 123" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1427,1450]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,185,1402]" captionTargetId="figure@49.[151,1435,185,1402]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 121 – 123. Parasaphodes afer: 121, holotype ♀, habitus, lateral view; 122, allotype ♂, habitus, lateral view; 123, holotype ♀, habitus, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839771/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Figs 122, 123</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="91EB6604FF97FF9EFF16C288F8CBFA66" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839771/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" targetBox="[151,1435,185,1402]" targetPageId="49">
<paragraph id="C52B368CFF97FF9EFF16C288F8CBFA66" blockId="49.[151,1435,1427,1480]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF97FF9EFF16C288F842FA07" bold="true" box="[151,367,1427,1450]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">FIGURES 121–123.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="02944D0FFF97FF9EFEF6C28FFB14FA04" authorityName="Mitroiu" authorityYear="2017" box="[375,569,1428,1450]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Parasaphodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afer">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF97FF9EFEF6C28FFB14FA04" box="[375,569,1428,1450]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Parasaphodes afer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 121, holotype ♀, habitus, lateral view; 122, allotype ♂, habitus, lateral view; 123, holotype ♀, habitus, dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="8D8E6507FF97FF9EFF46C2EEFC4FF880" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="C52B368CFF97FF9EFF46C2EEF88AF9F8" blockId="49.[151,1437,1525,2018]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<materialsCitation id="75FC3CD1FF97FF9EFF46C2EEF88AF9F8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1657188800" collectingDate="1950-03-03" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Ghana" county="Tafo" location="Parasaphodes'" municipality="Ectoparasite" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Coast" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF97FF9EFF46C2EEF89CF9A0" bold="true" box="[199,433,1525,1550]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Material examined.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="1A2F882EFF97FF9EFE38C2EDF8DCF9A0" box="[441,497,1526,1550]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Type</typeStatus>
material.
<typeStatus id="1A2F882EFF97FF9EFDE2C2EEFBE6F9A0" box="[611,715,1525,1550]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="D392FD05FF97FF9EFD55C2EDFBC4F9A3" box="[724,745,1526,1549]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(deposited in
<collectionCode id="A385AE49FF97FF9EFC0AC2EDFACCF9A0" box="[907,993,1526,1550]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">BMNH</collectionCode>
) [on triangular card; entire].
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF97FF9EFAABC2EEFCB1F9A0" bold="true" box="[1322,1436,1525,1550]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="BD83761CFF97FF9EFAABC2EEFCBAF9A0" box="[1322,1431,1525,1550]" name="Ghana" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">GHANA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
‘Gold
<collectingRegion id="0750F86EFF97FF9EFF65C101F80AF99C" box="[228,295,1562,1586]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Coast</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="2C4A4E00FF97FF9EFEB4C102F846F99C" box="[309,363,1561,1586]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Tafo</collectingCounty>
,
<date id="B12A104CFF97FF9EFEFAC101FB0AF99C" box="[379,551,1561,1586]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1950-03-03">
<collectingDate id="A16EE9A4FF97FF9EFEFAC101FB0AF99C" box="[379,551,1561,1586]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1950-03-03">3 March 1950</collectingDate>
</date>
’, ‘
<collectingMunicipality id="254FACF6FF97FF9EFDC1C102FBE2F99C" box="[576,719,1561,1586]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Ectoparasite</collectingMunicipality>
on nymphs of
<taxonomicName id="02944D0FFF97FF9EFC08C101FD36F99C" authorityName="Ferris" authorityYear="1921" box="[905,1051,1562,1586]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Steatococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Steatococcus</taxonomicName>
sp.’, ‘Com. Inst. Ent., Coll.
<collectingRegion id="0750F86EFF97FF9EFAF2C101FCB4F99F" box="[1395,1433,1562,1585]" country="Cameroon" name="North" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">No</collectingRegion>
. 12307’, ‘
<location id="C04B6057FF97FF9EFF79C126F88FF9F8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4D3D879AFF96FF9CFF16C14EFD6EFB6B:C04B6057FF97FF9EFF79C126F88FF9F8" box="[248,418,1597,1622]" country="Ghana" county="Tafo" municipality="Ectoparasite" name="Parasaphodes'" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" stateProvince="Coast">Parasaphodes’</location>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C52B368CFF97FF9EFF46C17AF828F930" blockId="49.[151,1437,1525,2018]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<materialsCitation id="75FC3CD1FF97FF9EFF46C17AF828F930" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1657188816" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Ghana" determinerName="Z. Boucek" location="GHANA" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="allotype">
<typeStatus id="1A2F882EFF97FF9EFF46C17AF804F9D4" box="[199,297,1633,1658]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="D392FD05FF97FF9EFEB4C179F860F9D7" box="[309,333,1634,1657]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
.
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF97FF9EFEDDC17AF8E3F9D4" bold="true" box="[348,462,1633,1658]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="BD83761CFF97FF9EFEDDC17AF8E5F9D4" box="[348,456,1633,1658]" name="Ghana" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">GHANA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
same information as
<typeStatus id="1A2F882EFF97FF9EFD53C17AFA1AF9D4" box="[722,823,1633,1658]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, ‘
<specimenCount id="D392FD05FF97FF9EFCCDC179FA48F9D4" box="[844,869,1634,1658]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
<taxonomicName id="02944D0FFF97FF9EFCF0C17AFD6CF9D4" authority="Mitroiu, 2017" authorityName="Mitroiu" authorityYear="2017" box="[881,1089,1633,1658]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Parasaphodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afer" status="sp. nov.">Parasaphodes afer</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ECD357E5FF97FF9EFBCCC179FDA0F9D7" box="[1101,1165,1634,1657]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
det.
<determinerName id="30F7DA48FF97FF9EFB4FC179FC67F9D4" box="[1230,1354,1633,1658]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Z. Bouček</determinerName>
, 1984’ (
<collectionCode id="A385AE49FF97FF9EFF1EC19DF9D4F930" box="[159,249,1670,1694]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">BMNH</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C52B368CFF97FF9EFF46C1B2FC4FF880" blockId="49.[151,1437,1525,2018]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
Additional paratypes.
<materialsCitation id="75FC3CD1FF97FF9EFE43C1B2FAEEF96C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1657188804" box="[450,963,1705,1730]" country="Ghana" location="GHANA" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF97FF9EFE43C1B2FB1EF96C" bold="true" box="[450,563,1705,1730]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="BD83761CFF97FF9EFE43C1B2FB03F96C" box="[450,558,1705,1730]" name="Ghana" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">GHANA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="D392FD05FF97FF9EFDBDC1B1FB4DF96C" box="[572,608,1706,1730]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
, same information as
<typeStatus id="1A2F882EFF97FF9EFCDCC1B2FAEEF96C" box="[861,963,1705,1730]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="75FC3CD1FF97FF9EFC4FC1B2FCB4F948" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1657188832" collectingDate="56-07-26" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="R. G. Donald" country="Nigeria" county="Idiayunre" location="Nigeria" municipality="Ibadan Prov." pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCount="8" specimenCount-female="7" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF97FF9EFC4FC1B2FD7EF96C" bold="true" box="[974,1107,1705,1730]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="BD83761CFF97FF9EFC4FC1B2FD60F96C" box="[974,1101,1705,1730]" name="Nigeria" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">NIGERIA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="D392FD05FF97FF9EFBDAC1B1FD53F96F" box="[1115,1150,1706,1729]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="female">7♀</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="D392FD05FF97FF9EFB36C1B1FDF7F96C" box="[1207,1242,1706,1730]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF97FF9EFB62C1B2FDC0F96C" bold="true" box="[1251,1261,1705,1730]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">‘</emphasis>
<location id="C04B6057FF97FF9EFB6DC1B2FC6EF96C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4D3D879AFF96FF9CFF16C14EFD6EFB6B:C04B6057FF97FF9EFB6DC1B2FC6EF96C" box="[1260,1347,1705,1730]" country="Nigeria" county="Idiayunre" municipality="Ibadan Prov." name="Nigeria" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Nigeria</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="254FACF6FF97FF9EFAD1C1B2F9F9F94B" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Ibadan Prov.</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="2C4A4E00FF97FF9EFF62C1D6F863F948" box="[227,334,1741,1766]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Idiayunre</collectingCounty>
[sic],
<date id="B12A104CFF97FF9EFE1CC1D6F8D4F948" box="[413,505,1741,1766]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="56-07-26">
<collectingDate id="A16EE9A4FF97FF9EFE1CC1D6F8D4F948" box="[413,505,1741,1766]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="56-07-26">26.7.56</collectingDate>
</date>
’, ‘ectoparasitic
<collectedFrom id="76887571FF97FF9EFD2FC1D5FA4AF948" box="[686,871,1742,1766]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
on
<taxonomicName id="02944D0FFF97FF9EFD54C1D5FA4AF948" authorityName="Ferris" authorityYear="1921" box="[725,871,1742,1766]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Steatococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Steatococcus</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
sp. on cocoa’, ‘
<collectorName id="6861535AFF97FF9EFBA7C1D5FDEBF948" box="[1062,1222,1741,1766]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">R. G. Donald</collectorName>
, c1521’ (
<collectionCode id="A385AE49FF97FF9EFAB7C1D5FCBDF948" box="[1334,1424,1742,1766]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="75FC3CD1FF97FF9EFF16C1EAFC4FF880" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1657188827" collectingDate="1983-05-05" collectingDateMax="1983-05-15" collectingDateMin="1983-05-05" collectionCode="NHMUK, DNA, UCR, BMNH" collectorName="Day, B. M. &amp; J. M. Heraty'" country="Madagascar" county="Voucher" location="Madagascar" municipality="Noyes" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCode="NHMUK010371230" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF97FF9EFF16C1EAF843F8A4" bold="true" box="[151,366,1777,1802]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<collectingCountry id="BD83761CFF97FF9EFF16C1EAF844F8A4" box="[151,361,1777,1802]" name="Madagascar" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="D392FD05FF97FF9EFEF4C1E9F8B5F8A4" box="[373,408,1778,1802]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
‘
<location id="C04B6057FF97FF9EFE24C1EAFB1EF8A4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4D3D879AFF96FF9CFF16C14EFD6EFB6B:C04B6057FF97FF9EFE24C1EAFB1EF8A4" box="[421,563,1777,1802]" country="Madagascar" county="Voucher" municipality="Noyes" name="Madagascar" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Madagascar</location>
,
<location id="C04B6057FF97FF9EFDBEC1EAFBA4F8A4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4D3D879AFF96FF9CFF16C14EFD6EFB6B:C04B6057FF97FF9EFDBEC1EAFBA4F8A4" box="[575,649,1777,1802]" country="Madagascar" county="Voucher" municipality="Noyes" name="Tulear" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Tuléar</location>
,
<location id="C04B6057FF97FF9EFD14C1E9FBC3F8A4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4D3D879AFF96FF9CFF16C14EFD6EFB6B:C04B6057FF97FF9EFD14C1E9FBC3F8A4" box="[661,750,1778,1802]" country="Madagascar" county="Voucher" municipality="Noyes" name="Berenty" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Berenty</location>
<quantity id="026C9B69FF97FF9EFD74C1E9FA10F8A4" box="[757,829,1777,1802]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="km" value="12.0">12 km</quantity>
N.W.
<location id="C04B6057FF97FF9EFC06C1EAFD24F8A4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4D3D879AFF96FF9CFF16C14EFD6EFB6B:C04B6057FF97FF9EFC06C1EAFD24F8A4" box="[903,1033,1777,1802]" country="Madagascar" county="Voucher" municipality="Noyes" name="Amboasary" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Amboasary</location>
,
<date id="B12A104CFF97FF9EFB94C1EAFD8FF8A4" box="[1045,1186,1777,1802]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1983-05-05" valueMax="1983-05-15" valueMin="1983-05-05">
<collectingDate id="A16EE9A4FF97FF9EFB94C1EAFD8FF8A4" box="[1045,1186,1777,1802]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1983-05-05" valueMax="1983-05-15" valueMin="1983-05-05">5-15.V.1983</collectingDate>
</date>
, J. S,.
<collectingMunicipality id="254FACF6FF97FF9EFB6CC1E9FC18F8A4" box="[1261,1333,1778,1802]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Noyes</collectingMunicipality>
&amp; M. C.
<collectorName id="6861535AFF97FF9EFF16C00DF826F883" box="[151,267,1814,1838]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Day, B.M.</collectorName>
1983-201’, ‘
<specimenCode id="95329EF7FF97FF9EFE18C00DFBA3F880" box="[409,654,1814,1838]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<collectionCode id="A385AE49FF97FF9EFE18C00DFB24F880" box="[409,521,1814,1838]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">NHMUK</collectionCode>
010371230
</specimenCode>
’, ‘
<collectionCode id="A385AE49FF97FF9EFD23C00DFBC9F880" box="[674,740,1814,1838]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" name="Department of Natural Resources, Environment, The Arts and Sport" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">DNA</collectionCode>
<collectingCounty id="2C4A4E00FF97FF9EFD6BC00EFA6AF880" box="[746,839,1813,1838]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Voucher</collectingCounty>
[failed] D# 4947
<collectionCode id="A385AE49FF97FF9EFB91C00DFD60F880" box="[1040,1101,1814,1838]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15736" name="University of California" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">UCR</collectionCode>
,
<collectorName id="6861535AFF97FF9EFBD6C00DFDC0F880" box="[1111,1261,1814,1838]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">J. M. Heraty’</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="A385AE49FF97FF9EFB7AC00DFC78F880" box="[1275,1365,1814,1838]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">BMNH</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8D8E6507FF97FF9CFF46C022F8EDFC66" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="description">
<paragraph id="C52B368CFF97FF9EFF46C022FBC5F8FF" blockId="49.[151,1437,1525,2018]" box="[199,744,1849,1874]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF97FF9EFF46C022F874F8FC" bold="true" box="[199,345,1849,1874]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Description.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF97FF9EFEDEC022F896F8FC" box="[351,443,1849,1874]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Female.</emphasis>
Body length:
<quantity id="026C9B69FF97FF9EFDDBC022FBC9F8FF" box="[602,740,1849,1874]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="1.3" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.1">1.1–1.5 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C52B368CFF97FF9EFF46C046FC70F84C" blockId="49.[151,1437,1525,2018]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF97FF9EFF46C046F836F8D8" box="[199,283,1885,1910]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Colour.</emphasis>
Body dark brown to black, without metallic reflections (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF97FF9EFC3CC046FD48F8D8" box="[957,1125,1885,1910]" captionStart="FIGURES 121 – 123" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1427,1450]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,185,1402]" captionTargetId="figure@49.[151,1435,185,1402]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 121 – 123. Parasaphodes afer: 121, holotype ♀, habitus, lateral view; 122, allotype ♂, habitus, lateral view; 123, holotype ♀, habitus, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839771/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Figs 121, 123</figureCitation>
). Eyes reddish; ocelli pale orange (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF97FF9EFF73C09AF8BDF834" box="[242,400,1921,1946]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Parasaphodes afer: 124, holotype ♀, head, frontal view; 125, holotype ♀, head, dorsal view; 126, holotype ♀, head, lateral view; 127, holotype ♀, antenna; 128, holotype ♀, mesosoma, dorsal view; 129, holotype ♀, mesosoma, lateral view; 130, paratype ♀, Madagascar, propodeum, dorsal view; 131, holotype ♀, fore wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839773/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Figs 124, 125</figureCitation>
). Antenna brown, with pedicel and flagellum ventrally paler (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF97FF9EFBC0C09AFD8EF834" box="[1089,1187,1921,1946]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Parasaphodes afer: 124, holotype ♀, head, frontal view; 125, holotype ♀, head, dorsal view; 126, holotype ♀, head, lateral view; 127, holotype ♀, antenna; 128, holotype ♀, mesosoma, dorsal view; 129, holotype ♀, mesosoma, lateral view; 130, paratype ♀, Madagascar, propodeum, dorsal view; 131, holotype ♀, fore wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839773/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 127</figureCitation>
). Legs (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF97FF9EFB7DC09AFC76F834" box="[1276,1371,1921,1946]" captionStart="FIGURES 121 – 123" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1427,1450]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,185,1402]" captionTargetId="figure@49.[151,1435,185,1402]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 121 – 123. Parasaphodes afer: 121, holotype ♀, habitus, lateral view; 122, allotype ♂, habitus, lateral view; 123, holotype ♀, habitus, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839771/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 121</figureCitation>
) with coxae dark brown; trochanters brown; femora and tibiae brown, apices slightly lighter; tarsi brown, pretarsi darker. Wings hyaline, tegula and venation brown (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF97FF9EFD01C0D2FBCFF84C" box="[640,738,1993,2018]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Parasaphodes afer: 124, holotype ♀, head, frontal view; 125, holotype ♀, head, dorsal view; 126, holotype ♀, head, lateral view; 127, holotype ♀, antenna; 128, holotype ♀, mesosoma, dorsal view; 129, holotype ♀, mesosoma, lateral view; 130, paratype ♀, Madagascar, propodeum, dorsal view; 131, holotype ♀, fore wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839773/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 131</figureCitation>
). Body and wing pilosity brownish (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF97FF9EFBF8C0D2FC62F84C" box="[1145,1359,1993,2018]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Parasaphodes afer: 124, holotype ♀, head, frontal view; 125, holotype ♀, head, dorsal view; 126, holotype ♀, head, lateral view; 127, holotype ♀, antenna; 128, holotype ♀, mesosoma, dorsal view; 129, holotype ♀, mesosoma, lateral view; 130, paratype ♀, Madagascar, propodeum, dorsal view; 131, holotype ♀, fore wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839773/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Figs 124, 128, 131</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="91EB6604FF94FF9DFF16C08AFDC8F84B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839773/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" targetBox="[185,1412,193,1929]" targetPageId="50">
<paragraph id="C52B368CFF94FF9DFF16C08AFDC8F84B" blockId="50.[151,1436,1937,2021]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF94FF9DFF16C08AF85CF808" bold="true" box="[151,369,1937,1960]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">FIGURES 124–131.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="02944D0FFF94FF9DFEFDC08AFB6CF809" authorityName="Mitroiu" authorityYear="2017" box="[380,577,1937,1959]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Parasaphodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afer">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF94FF9DFEFDC08AFB6CF809" box="[380,577,1937,1959]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Parasaphodes afer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 124, holotype ♀, head, frontal view; 125, holotype ♀, head, dorsal view; 126, holotype ♀, head, lateral view; 127, holotype ♀, antenna; 128, holotype ♀, mesosoma, dorsal view; 129, holotype ♀, mesosoma, lateral view; 130, paratype ♀, Madagascar, propodeum, dorsal view; 131, holotype ♀, fore wing.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="C52B368CFF95FF9CFF46C78CFD13FEB3" blockId="51.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF95FF9CFF46C78CF814FF1E" box="[199,313,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Sculpture.</emphasis>
Head smooth (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF95FF9CFE7BC78CFB8FFF1E" box="[506,674,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Parasaphodes afer: 124, holotype ♀, head, frontal view; 125, holotype ♀, head, dorsal view; 126, holotype ♀, head, lateral view; 127, holotype ♀, antenna; 128, holotype ♀, mesosoma, dorsal view; 129, holotype ♀, mesosoma, lateral view; 130, paratype ♀, Madagascar, propodeum, dorsal view; 131, holotype ♀, fore wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839773/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Figs 124–126</figureCitation>
). Mesosoma with pronotum and mesoscutum mostly shallowly rugulose-reticulate (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF95FF9CFEF8C7A7F8F6FF7A" box="[377,475,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Parasaphodes afer: 124, holotype ♀, head, frontal view; 125, holotype ♀, head, dorsal view; 126, holotype ♀, head, lateral view; 127, holotype ♀, antenna; 128, holotype ♀, mesosoma, dorsal view; 129, holotype ♀, mesosoma, lateral view; 130, paratype ♀, Madagascar, propodeum, dorsal view; 131, holotype ♀, fore wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839773/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 128</figureCitation>
); axillae and mesoscutellum smooth (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF95FF9CFC07C7A7FAC5FF7A" box="[902,1000,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Parasaphodes afer: 124, holotype ♀, head, frontal view; 125, holotype ♀, head, dorsal view; 126, holotype ♀, head, lateral view; 127, holotype ♀, antenna; 128, holotype ♀, mesosoma, dorsal view; 129, holotype ♀, mesosoma, lateral view; 130, paratype ♀, Madagascar, propodeum, dorsal view; 131, holotype ♀, fore wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839773/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 128</figureCitation>
); propodeum with median area mostly smooth except for double median carina and plicae (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF95FF9CFC82C7C4FA44FF56" box="[771,873,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Parasaphodes afer: 124, holotype ♀, head, frontal view; 125, holotype ♀, head, dorsal view; 126, holotype ♀, head, lateral view; 127, holotype ♀, antenna; 128, holotype ♀, mesosoma, dorsal view; 129, holotype ♀, mesosoma, lateral view; 130, paratype ♀, Madagascar, propodeum, dorsal view; 131, holotype ♀, fore wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839773/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 130</figureCitation>
); prepectus and metapleuron smooth (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF95FF9CFAA8C7C4FCA2FF56" box="[1321,1423,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Parasaphodes afer: 124, holotype ♀, head, frontal view; 125, holotype ♀, head, dorsal view; 126, holotype ♀, head, lateral view; 127, holotype ♀, antenna; 128, holotype ♀, mesosoma, dorsal view; 129, holotype ♀, mesosoma, lateral view; 130, paratype ♀, Madagascar, propodeum, dorsal view; 131, holotype ♀, fore wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839773/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 129</figureCitation>
); mesepimeron mostly alutaceous, mesepisternum smooth (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF95FF9CFC9EC61FFAACFEB2" box="[799,897,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Parasaphodes afer: 124, holotype ♀, head, frontal view; 125, holotype ♀, head, dorsal view; 126, holotype ♀, head, lateral view; 127, holotype ♀, antenna; 128, holotype ♀, mesosoma, dorsal view; 129, holotype ♀, mesosoma, lateral view; 130, paratype ♀, Madagascar, propodeum, dorsal view; 131, holotype ♀, fore wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839773/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 129</figureCitation>
). Gaster smooth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C52B368CFF95FF9CFF46C633FA25FE5B" blockId="51.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF95FF9CFF46C633F818FE91" box="[199,309,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Structure.</emphasis>
Head. Clypeal margin bilobed. Genae short and strongly converging towards mouth (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF95FF9CFAA8C63CFCBDFEEE" box="[1321,1424,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Parasaphodes afer: 124, holotype ♀, head, frontal view; 125, holotype ♀, head, dorsal view; 126, holotype ♀, head, lateral view; 127, holotype ♀, antenna; 128, holotype ♀, mesosoma, dorsal view; 129, holotype ♀, mesosoma, lateral view; 130, paratype ♀, Madagascar, propodeum, dorsal view; 131, holotype ♀, fore wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839773/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 124</figureCitation>
). Scape short, not nearly reaching lower margin of median ocellus (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF95FF9CFC01C657FACEFECA" box="[896,995,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Parasaphodes afer: 124, holotype ♀, head, frontal view; 125, holotype ♀, head, dorsal view; 126, holotype ♀, head, lateral view; 127, holotype ♀, antenna; 128, holotype ♀, mesosoma, dorsal view; 129, holotype ♀, mesosoma, lateral view; 130, paratype ♀, Madagascar, propodeum, dorsal view; 131, holotype ♀, fore wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839773/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 124</figureCitation>
). Head width 2.1–2.3× length in dorsal view (36:17) and 1.2× height in frontal view (36:30). POL 1.4–2.0× OOL (9.5:6.5). Eye height about 1.3× length (17:13) and 2.1–2.4× malar space (17:8). Scape length 0.4–0.5× eye height (7:17) and 1.4× length of pedicel (7:5). Head width about 0.7× length of pedicel plus flagellum (36:51). F1 width 1.0–1.2× length (6:5); F7 width 1.1–1.4× length (5.0:4.5); clava length 2.0–2.3× width (11.5:5.0).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C52B368CFF95FF9CFF46C51BFB45FD06" blockId="51.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
Mesosoma. Anterior corners of pronotal collar not carinate (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF95FF9CFCF9C6E4FAF1FDB6" box="[888,988,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Parasaphodes afer: 124, holotype ♀, head, frontal view; 125, holotype ♀, head, dorsal view; 126, holotype ♀, head, lateral view; 127, holotype ♀, antenna; 128, holotype ♀, mesosoma, dorsal view; 129, holotype ♀, mesosoma, lateral view; 130, paratype ♀, Madagascar, propodeum, dorsal view; 131, holotype ♀, fore wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839773/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 128</figureCitation>
). Axillae strongly advanced (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF95FF9CFAADC6E4FCBDFDB6" box="[1324,1424,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[185,1412,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Parasaphodes afer: 124, holotype ♀, head, frontal view; 125, holotype ♀, head, dorsal view; 126, holotype ♀, head, lateral view; 127, holotype ♀, antenna; 128, holotype ♀, mesosoma, dorsal view; 129, holotype ♀, mesosoma, lateral view; 130, paratype ♀, Madagascar, propodeum, dorsal view; 131, holotype ♀, fore wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839773/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 128</figureCitation>
). Mesosoma length 1.35× width (50:37), width subequal to height (37:36). Mesoscutum width about twice length (37:18). Mesoscutellum length equal to width (21:21). Propodeum length about half mesoscutellum length (10:21). Dorsellum length 0.4× propodeum length (4:10). Fore wing length about 2.4× width (95:40). MV length 7.1–8.3× SV (25:3); MV about 4.5× PV (25.0:5.5).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C52B368CFF95FF9CFF46C5AEFBCBFCBA" blockId="51.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
Metasoma. Petiole small, strongly transverse, with two lateral flanges and some longitudinal rugae on dorsal side (
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF95FF9CFF55C5C3F9C5FD5E" box="[212,232,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">cf</emphasis>
.
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF95FF9CFF77C5CCF874FD5E" box="[246,345,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURES 147 – 154" captionStartId="57.[151,264,1962,1985]" captionTargetBox="[172,1415,193,1952]" captionTargetId="figure@57.[172,1415,193,1952]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURES 147 – 154. Parasaphodes iceryae, lectotype ♀: 147, head, frontal view; 148, head, dorsal view; 149, head, lateral view; 150, antenna; 151, mesosoma, dorsal view; 152, mesosoma, lateral view; 153, propodeum, dorsal view; 154, fore wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839785/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Figs 153</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF95FF9CFEE4C5CCF8BEFD5E" box="[357,403,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURES 159 – 166" captionStartId="60.[151,264,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[180,1414,193,1938]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[180,1414,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURES 159 – 166. Parasaphodes townsendi: 159, lectotype ♀, head, frontal view; 160, lectotype ♀, head, dorsal view; 161, ♀, Manila, head, lateral view; 162, ♀, Lipa, antenna; 163, lectotype ♀, mesosoma, dorsal view; 164, lectotype ♀, mesosoma, lateral view; 165, ♀, Manila, propodeum, dorsal view; 166, ♀, Manila, fore wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839789/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">165</figureCitation>
). Gaster (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF95FF9CFE7CC5CCFBB4FD5E" box="[509,665,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURES 121 – 123" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1427,1450]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,185,1402]" captionTargetId="figure@49.[151,1435,185,1402]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 121 – 123. Parasaphodes afer: 121, holotype ♀, habitus, lateral view; 122, allotype ♂, habitus, lateral view; 123, holotype ♀, habitus, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839771/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Figs 121, 123</figureCitation>
) rhomboidal in dorsal view, length 1.5–1.8× width (50:33) and equal to length of mesosoma; hypopygium exserted or not.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C52B368CFF95FF9CFF46C404F8EDFC66" blockId="51.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF95FF9CFF46C404F82CFC96" box="[199,257,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Male</emphasis>
. Differs from the female mainly as follows. Body length:
<quantity id="026C9B69FF95FF9CFC19C43BFAF3FC99" box="[920,990,800,824]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
. Antennae light brown (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF95FF9CFB70C404FC79FC96" box="[1265,1364,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURES 121 – 123" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1427,1450]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,185,1402]" captionTargetId="figure@49.[151,1435,185,1402]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 121 – 123. Parasaphodes afer: 121, holotype ♀, habitus, lateral view; 122, allotype ♂, habitus, lateral view; 123, holotype ♀, habitus, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839771/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 122</figureCitation>
). First gastral tergite dark brown. Flagellar segments slightly longer (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF95FF9CFCE1C45FFAE8FCF2" box="[864,965,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 121 – 123" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1427,1450]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,185,1402]" captionTargetId="figure@49.[151,1435,185,1402]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 121 – 123. Parasaphodes afer: 121, holotype ♀, habitus, lateral view; 122, allotype ♂, habitus, lateral view; 123, holotype ♀, habitus, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839771/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 122</figureCitation>
). POL 1.4–1.6× OOL. Scape length 1.6× pedicel length. F1 and F7 quadrate; clava length about 2.9× width. Mesoscutum width about 2.2× length. Fore wing length about 2.2× width. MV length 8.3–8.6× SV; MV 4.1–4.3× PV. Gaster shorter than mesosoma, length 1.2–1.7× width (
<figureCitation id="5DAF2A09FF95FF9CFED0C4B4F89EFC66" box="[337,435,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURES 121 – 123" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1427,1450]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,185,1402]" captionTargetId="figure@49.[151,1435,185,1402]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 121 – 123. Parasaphodes afer: 121, holotype ♀, habitus, lateral view; 122, allotype ♂, habitus, lateral view; 123, holotype ♀, habitus, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839771/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 122</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8D8E6507FF95FF9CFF46C4CFFB83FC43" box="[199,686,980,1005]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="C52B368CFF95FF9CFF46C4CFFB83FC43" blockId="51.[151,1437,151,1221]" box="[199,686,980,1005]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF95FF9CFF46C4CFF84DFC43" bold="true" box="[199,352,980,1005]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="BD83761CFF95FF9CFEE6C4CFF89EFC43" box="[359,435,980,1005]" name="Ghana" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Ghana</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="BD83761CFF95FF9CFE3FC4CFFB6AFC43" box="[446,583,980,1005]" name="Madagascar" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="BD83761CFF95FF9CFDD3C4CFFB87FC43" box="[594,682,980,1005]" name="Nigeria" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8D8E6507FF95FF9CFF46C4ECFC68FBA1" box="[199,1349,1015,1040]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="C52B368CFF95FF9CFF46C4ECFC68FBA1" blockId="51.[151,1437,151,1221]" box="[199,1349,1015,1040]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF95FF9CFF46C4ECF80AFBBE" bold="true" box="[199,295,1015,1040]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Biology.</emphasis>
Ectoparasitoid of
<taxonomicName id="02944D0FFF95FF9CFE75C4E2FB11FBBE" authorityName="Signoret" authorityYear="1875" box="[500,572,1017,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Icerya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF95FF9CFE75C4E2FB11FBBE" box="[500,572,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Icerya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="02944D0FFF95FF9CFDE2C4E3FBD9FBA1" authorityName="Ferris" authorityYear="1921" box="[611,756,1016,1039]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Steatococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF95FF9CFDE2C4E3FBD9FBA1" box="[611,756,1016,1039]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Steatococcus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) sp. nymphs (
<taxonomicName id="02944D0FFF95FF9CFC13C4ECFD22FBBE" box="[914,1039,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="02944D0FFF95FF9CFB98C4ECFDE6FBBE" authorityName="Signoret" authorityYear="1875" box="[1049,1227,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Monophlebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Monophlebidae</taxonomicName>
) on cocoa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8D8E6507FF95FF9CFF46C307FA4FFB0E" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="C52B368CFF95FF9CFF46C307FA4FFB0E" blockId="51.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF95FF9CFF46C307F816FB9B" bold="true" box="[199,315,1052,1077]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Remarks.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A1054B7DFF95FF9CFEC2C307F8C7FB9A" author="Boucek" box="[323,490,1052,1077]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" refString="Boucek, Z. (1988) Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). A biosystematic revision of genera of fourteen families, with a reclassification of species. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon / Cambrian News Ltd, Aberystwyth, Wales, 832 pp." type="book" year="1988">Bouček (1988)</bibRefCitation>
referred to an undescribed species from West Africa and labeled several specimens from BMNH as such (see above); this new species is described above. A female collected from the same locality as the other Nigerian specimens (CNC) has longer funicle segments (similar to the male), but otherwise it is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="02944D0FFF95FF9CFE89C392F863FB0E" authorityName="Mitroiu" authorityYear="2017" box="[264,334,1160,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Parasaphodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afer">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF95FF9CFE89C392F863FB0E" box="[264,334,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">P. afer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and wasn’t included in the species description.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8D8E6507FF95FF9CFF46C3B7FD6EFB6B" box="[199,1091,1196,1221]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="C52B368CFF95FF9CFF46C3B7FD6EFB6B" blockId="51.[151,1437,151,1221]" box="[199,1091,1196,1221]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="F7E0EA9EFF95FF9CFF46C3B7F863FB6B" bold="true" box="[199,334,1196,1221]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species epithet refers to the African distribution of the species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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