208 lines
30 KiB
XML
208 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="592588F6CC0E4B007169DAB13512134E" ID-CLB-Dataset="35149" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.536.5982" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f3546db1-d96a-40d8-ac8c-fe806547f201" ID-PMC="PMC4714036" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-536-1" ID-PubMed="26798233" ID-ZooBank="A8B92CDD0B8C4384AAC559648BB45AA5" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-536-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 536" ModsDocTitle="The genus Pterostichus in China II: the subgenus Circinatus Sciaky, a species revision and phylogeny (Carabidae, Pterostichini)" checkinTime="1451243741663" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Shi, Hongliang & Liang, Hongbin" docDate="2015" docId="D77DF9596E9D7DF929F1F8A71244EF02" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 536: 1-92" docOrigin="ZooKeys 536" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.536.5982" docTitle="Pterostichus (Morphohaptoderus) schuelkei Sciaky & Wrase 1997, new subgeneric assignment" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="46" masterDocId="FFEAFF976442467ED413FFC17531FF81" masterDocTitle="The genus Pterostichus in China II: the subgenus Circinatus Sciaky, a species revision and phylogeny (Carabidae, Pterostichini)" masterLastPageNumber="92" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="44" updateTime="1701379197761" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="C7E9B8CBDCF2FB4E2C3A5D006A35FE8B">The genus Pterostichus in China II: the subgenus Circinatus Sciaky, a species revision and phylogeny (Carabidae, Pterostichini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8B2C602E87B8C3E5A351E5BF02DB176F">Shi, Hongliang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0B78E36C638B8E589E2399C9EFA260A5">Liang, Hongbin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="4EBF10B53CC18C520D8C2310181EC11C">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7399E9A84C24359AF8E9FA25D48C958D">536</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="34AD8AC9320BC9D8D5518B38D637A069">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="E1B323888592C30D2F2CB19F103F0589" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.536.5982</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="D77DF9596E9D7DF929F1F8A71244EF02" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152063163" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D77DF9596E9D7DF929F1F8A71244EF02" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D77DF9596E9D7DF929F1F8A71244EF02" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<subSubSection id="68DA9DFFA3101273F87BD13B2CDBC999" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="789AE63EA989424A7183E88F34C88186" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Carabidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D58C714AF87A777E0642D0DBEBB66205" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="EBEB6714118E27973508FD69A002A285" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<taxonomicName id="B1A4F72B878BBE5E42F10715E7015ECB" ID-CoL="8M5CF" authority="Sciaky & Wrase, 1997" authorityName="Sciaky & Wrase" authorityYear="1997" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus (Morphohaptoderus) schuelkei" order="Coleoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuelkei" subGenus="Morphohaptoderus">Pterostichus (Morphohaptoderus) schuelkei Sciaky & Wrase, 1997</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="103748B059D831AAA33F1F9EABF4EA09" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">new subgeneric assignment</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 89, 126, 137
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="303053B799CB8110848F50CA1A0EC5BA" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="1DA92A72E5880A67385BC1621518C656" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<taxonomicName id="388D1B9FE827699238B641F6FE794147" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus (Morphohaptoderus) schuelkei" order="Coleoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuelkei" subGenus="Morphohaptoderus">Pterostichus (Morphohaptoderus) schuelkei</taxonomicName>
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Sciaky and Wrase 1999: 1102 (Original:
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<taxonomicName id="43BFA62FDE2CD0CF2F8E51979DE14112" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pterostichus</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="C1CFFA3D0E82CB1FB1B6B3BEB49F4C3A" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus (Circinatus)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Circinatus">Circinatus</taxonomicName>
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); holotype deposited in CDW);
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<bibRefCitation id="C729B2488958AAAEE2C4B5514C3CAF20" author="Bousquet, Y" editor="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="Apollo Books, Denmark" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="469 - 521" title="Carabidae: tribe Pterostichini Bonelli, 1810." volumeTitle="Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera, Volume 1, Archostemata- Myxophaga- Adephaga" year="2003">Bousquet 2003</bibRefCitation>
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: 488;
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<bibRefCitation id="BD764F6DE73783B2837FB87EC931D245" author="Lorenz, W" journalOrPublisher="Wolfgang Lorenz, Tutzing, Germany" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" title="Systematic list of extant ground beetles of the world (InsectaColeopteraGeadephaga: Trachypachidae and Carabidae incl. Paussinae, Cicindelinae, Rhysodinae)" year="2005">Lorenz 2005</bibRefCitation>
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: 280 (
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<taxonomicName id="D298D5DA7EA3B55D3B628C2DA7DB48FE" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pterostichus</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="14AFC10FFDD4449EA16123DDF0A2D12A" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus (Circinatus)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Circinatus">Circinatus</taxonomicName>
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));
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<bibRefCitation id="8A19D0ED2AC69D77C1423B385DDEF454" author="Allegro, G" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona (Botanica Zoologia)" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="3 - 18" title="Review of the Chinese subgenus Circinatus of Pterostichus, with description of six new species (Coleoptera, Carabidae)." volume="34" year="2010">Allegro and Sciaky 2010</bibRefCitation>
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: 14 (
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<taxonomicName id="95EED53C4788711028EBE234921D7E0F" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pterostichus</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="5521D287BF2E82EF79180DE2B6B140A1" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus (Circinatus)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Circinatus">Circinatus</taxonomicName>
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)).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F7BB14DE34A87184B60BD77681384B6F" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="06277BF15FE424CAA1C10E97F54C9076" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Type material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="90632DF86B9E5651C7778495D48E7930" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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Holotype of
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<taxonomicName id="892FFB6ED6715CBA01B0BECC0E762029" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus schuelkei" order="Coleoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuelkei">Pterostichus schuelkei</taxonomicName>
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Sciaky & Wrase (CDW), female, body length = 10.8 mm, board mounted, "CHINA (Shaanxi) / Qin Ling Shan / 108.47 E / 33.51 N / Mt. W pass / autoroute km 70,47km. S Xian 2350-2500 m / 7.-19.VII.1996 / Kleinfeld & Schutze"; "COLL.WRASE / BERLIN"; "HOLOTYPUS / Pterostichus / (Circinatus)/ schuelkei sp. n. / Sciaky & Wrase des. 1997" [red label].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CE494E0D883EE6A0DFFA87205C239066" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="F5CF1C9F4E54DAF1BC13BEE16DB989CD" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Non-type material examined</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8AE2E06C913FCBD60DA0FE28437013D6" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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(total 20 specimens). 12 females (IZAS), "CHINA, Shaanxi Prov., Ningshan, Huoditang, pitfall trap, 33.43368
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<geoCoordinate id="2D1A1B9C73A770F4251262169C47C22F" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="108.44747">N 108.44747</geoCoordinate>
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E, 1538 m, 2007.08.20, Shi H.L. Yang G.Y. coll."; 1 male, 4 females (IZAS), "China, Shaanxi Prov., Zhouzhi, Houzhenzi, Laoxiancheng, pitfall trap, 33.79211
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<geoCoordinate id="A5CE585DD5B1E834EB2588C67567A92D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="107.74421">N 107.74421</geoCoordinate>
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E, 1860 m, 2007.08.14, Shi Hongliang collector"; 1 female (IZAS), "Shaanxi, Ningshan county, Huoditang, 1580 m, 1998.VII.27, Chen Jun leg."; 1 male (IZAS), "Shaanxi, Foping county, Liangfengya, 2150-1750 m, 1999.VI.28, Yao Jian leg."; 1 male (IZAS), "Shaanxi, Zhouzhi county, Houzhenzi W. 3km, 2008.V.11, Huang Hao leg.".
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7F826A90014A8C5BD3424CBAA34455C2" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="6DFDBDE0ED5D17450B57729680CC1569" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CFCD22B9E8E6842C6D10DFA23BA57A79" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Third antennomere without secondary setae; submentum with one seta on each side; pronotal hind angle completely rounded; posterior seta close to hind angle; basal foveal area finely punctate, outer groove short and superficial; third interval of elytra with two setigerous pores, all adjacent to second stria; metacoxa with three setae; fifth tarsomeres setose beneath; males with terminal and penultimate sterna unmodified. Median lobe of aedeagus carinate ventrally; apical lamella simple, pointing apical-ventrally; apical orifice opened dorsally; right paramere short, length approx 1.6 times greatest width, apical portion completely rounded.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E53F5CA6744965F17A4B014F6000B20C" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="F6146DD147C6FAD0BEFBD3B4FDD9307E" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<pageBreakToken id="1C0B25AA98798713A2E8AB07EED4E97F" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0922F46AE04EEDCD79AE8867898DF4C2" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">This species was recorded from several localities (within 100 km of each other) in Qinling mountain (Shaanxi province).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1E8CE068CDEF34A8C5EB76FB075CEC33" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="6955BA44419ADFD1E4A0AE62218890C8" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="59C3ECDD7BF752ED95C6777FAAF982E5" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<taxonomicName id="4A64862BE3E0A42A171D10922B511B54" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus schuelkei" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuelkei">Pterostichus schuelkei</taxonomicName>
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was originally placed in the subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="614418689DDC7EAB287401C12F7080FB" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus (Circinatus)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Circinatus">Circinatus</taxonomicName>
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because of its typical
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<taxonomicName id="1F5B201333FACEB8D577F121D8026950" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus (Circinatus)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Circinatus">Circinatus</taxonomicName>
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-like pronotum, namely, the almost rounded hind angle. However, after a careful morphological study, we found that
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<taxonomicName id="BB5578524E03E993E3C49090E86FE6F7" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus schuelkei" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuelkei">Pterostichus schuelkei</taxonomicName>
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differs from the other members of
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<taxonomicName id="D52F768C92417C2E0597A60B092F3DE3" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus (Circinatus)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Circinatus">Circinatus</taxonomicName>
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in some important characters, which leads us to move it from
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<taxonomicName id="52EFA91B9DF038DD24577DD80DC5ECCE" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus (Circinatus)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Circinatus">Circinatus</taxonomicName>
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to
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<taxonomicName id="F9DDB3FC9049BE814A6934E8C5C0B466" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Morphohaptoderus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morphohaptoderus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Morphohaptoderus</taxonomicName>
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. In the present study, we emphasize the following two characters: (1) number of setae on the metacoxa, and (2) shape of the right paramere of the aedeagus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="10F5E8F6C1635A8F2B318819389B87CC" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<taxonomicName id="EF23F8618DD6BD7BE0ABA636272B4636" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus schuelkei" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuelkei">Pterostichus schuelkei</taxonomicName>
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has three setae on the metacoxa (Fig. 137), but in the true
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<taxonomicName id="DDA5F7BC27D605C1686DE3762A1F7952" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus (Circinatus)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Circinatus">Circinatus</taxonomicName>
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species, only two are present. In most
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<taxonomicName id="63A8B708ED3FE74627C038C8F70915AD" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pterostichus</taxonomicName>
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species, the metacoxa has only two setae, one close to the outer-posterior angle and the other seta close to anterior margin of the metacoxa (1 and 2 in Fig. 137). In some
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<taxonomicName id="193EBE21055DCDEB449E39BC35A8CEC1" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pterostichus</taxonomicName>
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subgenera, one additional seta is present near the inner angle of the metacoxa (3 in Fig. 137), which is typically finer and shorter than the other two setae. The number of setae on the metacoxa is important in the subgeneric classification of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="E39398DC83A41C7805BED6347BBF6D04" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pterostichus</taxonomicName>
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. In the Chinese fauna of
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<taxonomicName id="79384103B7757403B53AB4C8E2207D61" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pterostichus</taxonomicName>
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(35 total subgenera recorded according to our unpublished results), only three subgenera have three setae present on the metacoxa:
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<taxonomicName id="8EF1612F1B850A67DC9836DFB7553CEC" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cryobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryobius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cryobius</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="317F0CA74248C5BD4DD391C9CF46E9A0" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Morphohaptoderus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morphohaptoderus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Morphohaptoderus</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="CC656C343F5B9CDB79677CD8EFE9F81A" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tschitscherinea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tschitscherinea" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tschitscherinea</taxonomicName>
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. These three subgenera are closely allied to one another, and all have similar body forms and pronotal basal foveae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5DB8DFFF0DECBCC8915BF47DDAE9AE51" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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The basal plan of the right paramere in the subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="1B794A35A4ECDBEB2AB473E12EC0199A" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus (Circinatus)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Circinatus">Circinatus</taxonomicName>
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is straight and fusiform such as in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C69474AE730ED474836A48C383B1D39C" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus baenningeri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baenningeri">Pterostichus baenningeri</taxonomicName>
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|
(Fig. 40C), which is modified to be stouter or triangular in some species such as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="870447D0D6B95FCBFA90DD26A14D7C86" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus camelus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="camelus">Pterostichus camelus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (Fig. 28C). The ratio of the right paramere length to its greatest width is between 2.5 and 4.0 in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="9C1E342A32F9BC822E34928A0A66CF77" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus (Circinatus)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Circinatus">Circinatus</taxonomicName>
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. However, in
|
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<taxonomicName id="6AD7D7AFC808E595D39D1D16C8C91F1A" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus schuelkei" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuelkei">Pterostichus schuelkei</taxonomicName>
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|
, the right paramere is much shorter (length/width = 1.6) and the apical portion is approximately round (Fig. 126D), which is consistent with the typical form in the subgenus
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|
<taxonomicName id="C5CA9D83FED97E5F687E05EF8D647AEE" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Morphohaptoderus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morphohaptoderus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Morphohaptoderus</taxonomicName>
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|
. In most species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7302C840F569698207C63F2A315353C1" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Morphohaptoderus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morphohaptoderus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Morphohaptoderus</taxonomicName>
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|
, the right parameres are almost identical, with the apical portions very short and approximately round; there are only two exceptions in the described species (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="ACC7B0C8FC3B4C7ED352E5CBFB099BBC" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus dundai" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dundai">Pterostichus dundai</taxonomicName>
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|
and
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|
<taxonomicName id="3C8874FF36787D07E14799836F3FA8CA" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus muellermotzfeldi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muellermotzfeldi">Pterostichus muellermotzfeldi</taxonomicName>
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|
). In
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1D303C8BE2339EE11D0AFCE3DF37D28E" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus dundai" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dundai">Pterostichus dundai</taxonomicName>
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|
, the apical portion of the right paramere is strongly elongated and bent, and in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="07BE75AC1631759CFDD179C07775679B" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus muellermotzfeldi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muellermotzfeldi">Pterostichus muellermotzfeldi</taxonomicName>
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|
, the right paramere is approximately fusiform. Moreover, this type of short and round right paramere is present only in the subgenus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C87E8962355087ECDB87EF9B579A3DF1" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Morphohaptoderus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morphohaptoderus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Morphohaptoderus</taxonomicName>
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|
.
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</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="53112C969D5F219307955E7EBE6862D1" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C37E09A2F8CC45C5ACD40915211D763A" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus schuelkei" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuelkei">Pterostichus schuelkei</taxonomicName>
|
|
is surely the closest species to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0AA55D3F1162536A753F9194A3558E75" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus wenxianensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wenxianensis">Pterostichus wenxianensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
, as indicated by Allegro & Sciaky (2010). When sorting for
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6C4E2887363F2874AA5EEA225BDED31B" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Morphohaptoderus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morphohaptoderus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Morphohaptoderus</taxonomicName>
|
|
specimens in the collection of the IZAS, we found that two other
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4B7F8D5ECDEDCE7BBCFEF994479BF8AD" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Morphohaptoderus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morphohaptoderus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Morphohaptoderus</taxonomicName>
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|
species could also be related to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C2EFAB62899051E94F41750A9318ED6D" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus schuelkei" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuelkei">Pterostichus schuelkei</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="546499FF39AC86BC4BC06DF49A724CE9" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus wenxianensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wenxianensis">Pterostichus wenxianensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
, which are
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4D434E05918EF7A2A72509D4528FA174" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus janatai" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="janatai">Pterostichus janatai</taxonomicName>
|
|
Sciaky & Wrase and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="67844EE44FE5EFC33F0487D63EEE3E11" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus hubeicus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hubeicus">Pterostichus hubeicus</taxonomicName>
|
|
Facchini & Sciaky. All four of these species are found in or close to the Qinling Mountain range in central China. They share the following characters and may form a species group in subgenus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E889D607E314ACE73B9463E83E31202A" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Morphohaptoderus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morphohaptoderus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Morphohaptoderus</taxonomicName>
|
|
: (1) submentum with only one seta on each side; (2) third interval with two (occasionally three) setigerous pores, all adjacent to the second stria; (3) median lobe of the aedeagus carinate ventrally; and (4) apical lamella of the aedeagus simple, pointing apical-ventrally, and not hooked or twisted. The combination of these four characters is unique to the subgenus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="374621572762E1749B1DEE81D97D6947" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Morphohaptoderus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morphohaptoderus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<pageBreakToken id="95B49503A4B195FA030FB190E3B90F1A" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" start="start">Morphohaptoderus</pageBreakToken>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and may support a relationship among these four species, although
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1DE6199544A22E903F74BD9BFC3B6987" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus janatai" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="janatai">Pterostichus janatai</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="06908335CCD4E24C9E7357C8CD4134B9" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus hubeicus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hubeicus">Pterostichus hubeicus</taxonomicName>
|
|
differ from the other two because of a distinct pronotal hind angle.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="1314C0929485934642E4B8DAEEB3DE6C" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
|
Based on all considerations,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BA916A029EEAE26375002471FE4FAF3C" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus schuelkei" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuelkei">Pterostichus schuelkei</taxonomicName>
|
|
is assigned to the subgenus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0879C2D7D590DD3E20B3CBE4E2855AF1" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Morphohaptoderus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morphohaptoderus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Morphohaptoderus</taxonomicName>
|
|
in the present paper.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |