440 lines
50 KiB
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440 lines
50 KiB
XML
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<mods:title>Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Filander, Zoleka N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Biodiversity and Coastal Research, Oceans and Coasts, Department of Environment, Forestry, and Fisheries, Cape Town, South Africa & Zoology Department, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Kitahara, Marcelo V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Ciencias do Mar, Santos, Brazil & Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Sebastiao, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Cairns, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Sink, Kerry J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, South Africa & Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Lombard, Amanda T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number>1066</mods:number>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="189599931" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:84AFF290FF8667E51961D9E71721122D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/84AFF290FF8667E51961D9E71721122D" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="(Pourtales, 1878)" baseAuthorityName="Pourtales" baseAuthorityYear="1878" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Enallopsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enallopsammia rostrata" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rostrata">
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Enallopsammia rostrata (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Pourtalès">Pourtales</normalizedToken>
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, 1878)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. A, B Dendrophyllia sp. 1 (SAMC _ A 090158, off Knysna, 333 m A close-up calicular view B lateral view C, G Ednapsammia columnapriva sp. nov. C, D (SAM _ H 1441, off Mossel Bay, 212 m) C calicular view D lateral view E-G (SAMC _ A 090159, off Gouritsmond, 333 m) E calicular view F lateral view G calicular view H Enallopsammia pusilla (DSCS-INV 238, off Gouritsmond, 333 m): lateral view. I, J Enallopsammia rostrata (SAMC _ A 073270, off Port St Johns, 200 m) I close up calicular view J lateral view K, L Endopachys grayi (DEFF _ NANSEN-INV 32, off Shaka's Rock, 185 m) K calicular view L lateral view M, N Endopsammia philippensis (DIIIb 1, off Durban, 442 m) M calicular view N lateral view O, P Heteropsammia cochlea (EIe 1, locality data unknown) O calicular view P lateral view. Scale bars: 10 mm (A-C, E-I, K-P); 100 mm (D, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604112" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 9I, J</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Pourtales" authorityYear="1878" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Amphihelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphihelia rostrata" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rostrata">Amphihelia rostrata</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Pourtalès">Pourtales</normalizedToken>
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, 1878: 204, pl. 1, figs 4, 5. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Agassiz, A" journalOrPublisher="BMC Evolutionary Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B3" refString="Agassiz, A, 1888. The cruises of the United States margin and geodetic survey steamer Blake in the Gulf of Mexico, in the Caribbean Sea, and along the Atlantic margin of the United States, from 1877 to 1880, vol. 2. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology (Harvard) 15, 220 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.26524" title="The cruises of the United States margin and geodetic survey steamer Blake in the Gulf of Mexico, in the Caribbean Sea, and along the Atlantic margin of the United States, from 1877 to 1880, vol. 2. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology (Harvard) 15, 220 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 26524" year="1888">Agassiz 1888</bibRefCitation>
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: 152, fig. 473. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Gourret, P" editor="Marion, AF" journalOrPublisher="Expeditions scientifiques du Travailleur et du Talisman pendant les annees 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="121 - 122" refId="B111" refString="Gourret, P, 1906. Lophohelia prolifera, Amphihelia rostrata, Amphihelia oculata. In: Marion, AF, Ed., Etude des Coelenteres atlantiques recueillis par la Commission de dragages de l'aviso le Travailleur Durant les campagnes 1880 et 1881. Expeditions scientifiques du Travailleur et du Talisman pendant les annees 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883: 121 - 122" title="Lophohelia prolifera, Amphihelia rostrata, Amphihelia oculata." volumeTitle="Etude des Coelenteres atlantiques recueillis par la Commission de dragages de l'aviso le Travailleur Durant les campagnes 1880 et 1881." year="1906">Gourret 1906</bibRefCitation>
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: 122, pl. 12, fig. 11A, B.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="Milne Edwards & Haime, 1850" authorityName="Milne Edwards & Haime" authorityYear="1850" baseAuthorityName="Pourtalès" baseAuthorityYear="1878" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Stereopsammia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stereopsammia rostrata" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rostrata">Stereopsammia rostrata</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Pourtales, L de" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology (Harvard)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="95 - 120" refId="B227" refString="Pourtales, L de, 1880. Reports on the results of dredgings, under the supervision of Alexander Agassiz, in the Caribbean Sea, 1878-1879, by the U.S. Margin Survey Steamer Blake. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology (Harvard) 6 (4): 95 - 120" title="Reports on the results of dredgings, under the supervision of Alexander Agassiz, in the Caribbean Sea, 1878 - 1879, by the U. S. Margin Survey Steamer Blake." volume="6" year="1880">
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. -
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Pourtalès">Pourtales</normalizedToken>
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1880
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 97, 110-111.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Alcock" authorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Dendrophyllia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendrophyllia (Coenopsammia) amphelioides" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amphelioides" subGenus="Coenopsammia">Dendrophyllia (Coenopsammia) amphelioides</taxonomicName>
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Alcock, 1902a: 43-44, pl. 5.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="Marenzeller, 1904" authorityName="Marenzeller" authorityYear="1904" baseAuthorityName="Alcock" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Anisopsammia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anisopsammia amphelioides" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amphelioides">Anisopsammia amphelioides</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Vaughan, T" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the United States National Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 427" refId="B287" refString="Vaughan, T, 1907. Recent Madreporaria of the Hawaiian Islands and Laysan. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 59: 1 - 427" title="Recent Madreporaria of the Hawaiian Islands and Laysan." volume="59" year="1907">. -Vaughan 1907</bibRefCitation>
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: 156-157, pl. 47, figs 1, 2.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Vaughan" authorityYear="1907" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Coenopsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coenopsammia amphelioides subsp. var. var. cucullata" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="amphelioides" subSpecies="var." variety="cucullata">Coenopsammia amphelioides var. cucullata</taxonomicName>
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Vaughan, 1907: 157, pl. 48, figs 1-4.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="Marenzeller, 1904" authorityName="Marenzeller" authorityYear="1904" baseAuthorityName="Pourtales" baseAuthorityYear="1878" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Anisopsammia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anisopsammia rostrata" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rostrata">Anisopsammia rostrata</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Gravier, C" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de l'Institut Oceanographique (Monaco)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 22" refId="B113" refString="Gravier, C, 1915. Note preliminaire sur les Madreporaires receuilles au cours des croisieres de la Princesse - Alice et de l'Hirondelle, de 1893 a 1913 inclusivement. Bulletin de l'Institut Oceanographique (Monaco) 304 (12): 1 - 22" title="Note preliminaire sur les Madreporaires receuilles au cours des croisieres de la Princesse - Alice et de l'Hirondelle, de 1893 a 1913 inclusivement." volume="304" year="1915">. -Gravier 1915</bibRefCitation>
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: 3. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Gravier, C" journalOrPublisher="Resultats des Campagnes Scientifiques Accomplies sur son Yacht par Albert I, Prince Souverain de Monaco" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 123" refId="B114" refString="Gravier, C, 1920. Madreporaires provenant des campagnes des yachts Princesse - Alice et Hirondelle II (1893-1913). Resultats des Campagnes Scientifiques Accomplies sur son Yacht par Albert I, Prince Souverain de Monaco 55: 1 - 123" title="Madreporaires provenant des campagnes des yachts Princesse - Alice et Hirondelle II (1893 - 1913)." volume="55" year="1920">Gravier 1920</bibRefCitation>
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: 102, pl. 12, figs 181-185.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Pourtales" baseAuthorityYear="1878" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Enallopsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enallopsammia rostrata" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rostrata">Enallopsammia rostrata</taxonomicName>
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. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Squires, D" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 42" refId="B259" refString="Squires, D, 1959a. Deep-sea corals collected by the Lamont Geological Observatory. 1) Atlantic Corals. American Museum Novitates 165: 1 - 42" title="Deep-sea corals collected by the Lamont Geological Observatory. 1) Atlantic Corals." volume="165" year="1959 a">Squires 1959a</bibRefCitation>
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: 40. -Laborel 1970: 156
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<bibRefCitation author="Zibrowius, H" journalOrPublisher="Beaufortia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="37 - 54" refId="B330" refString="Zibrowius, H, 1973. Revision des especes actuelles du genre Enallopsammia Michelotti, 1871, et description de E. marenzelleri, nouvelle especes bathyle a large distribution: Ocean Indien et Atlantique Central (Madreporaria, Dendrophylliidae). Beaufortia 21 (276): 37 - 54" title="Revision des especes actuelles du genre Enallopsammia Michelotti, 1871, et description de E. marenzelleri, nouvelle especes bathyle a large distribution: Ocean Indien et Atlantique Central (Madreporaria, Dendrophylliidae)." volume="21" year="1973">. -Zibrowius 1973</bibRefCitation>
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: 44-45, pl. 2, figs 14-15. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Proceeding of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="216 - 221" refId="B29" refString="Cairns, S, 1978. New genus and species of ahermatypic coral (Scleractinia) from the western Atlantic. Proceeding of the Biological Society of Washington 91 (1): 216 - 221" title="New genus and species of ahermatypic coral (Scleractinia) from the western Atlantic." volume="91" year="1978">Cairns 1978</bibRefCitation>
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: 9. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Studies on the fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 341" refId="B30" refString="Cairns, S, 1979. The deep-water Scleractinia of the Caribbean Sea and adjacent waters. Studies on the fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands 57 (1): 1 - 341" title="The deep-water Scleractinia of the Caribbean Sea and adjacent waters." volume="57" year="1979">Cairns 1979</bibRefCitation>
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: 186-188, pl. 37, figs 2-3, 6. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Zibrowius, H" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de l'Institut oceanographique, Monaco" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B337" refString="Zibrowius, H, 1980. Les Scleractiniaires de la Mediterranee et de l'Atlantique nord-oriental. Memoires de l'Institut oceanographique, Monaco" title="Les Scleractiniaires de la Mediterranee et de l'Atlantique nord-oriental." year="1980">Zibrowius 1980</bibRefCitation>
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: 201-203, pl. 105, figs A-K, pl. 106, figs A-C. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Antarctic Research Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 74" refId="B32" refString="Cairns, S, 1982. Antarctic and Subantarctic Scleractinia. Antarctic Research Series 34 (1): 1 - 74" title="Antarctic and Subantarctic Scleractinia." volume="34" year="1982">Cairns 1982</bibRefCitation>
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: 57, pl. 18, figs 1-4
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Papers of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 30" refId="B33" refString="Cairns, S, 1984. New records of ahermatypic corals (Scleractinia) from the Hawaiian and Line Islands. Occasional Papers of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum 25 (10): 1 - 30" title="New records of ahermatypic corals (Scleractinia) from the Hawaiian and Line Islands." volume="25" year="1984">. -Cairns 1984</bibRefCitation>
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: 27-28. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Zibrowius, H" journalOrPublisher="Annales de l'Institut Oceanographique, Paris, new series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="115 - 138" refId="B343" refString="Zibrowius, H, Grygier, M, 1985. Diversity and range of scleractinian coral hosts of Ascothoracida (Crustacea: Maxillopoda). Annales de l'Institut Oceanographique, Paris, new series 61 (2): 115 - 138" title="Diversity and range of scleractinian coral hosts of Ascothoracida (Crustacea: Maxillopoda)." volume="61" year="1985">Zibrowius and Grygier 1985</bibRefCitation>
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: 131, figs 48-50
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<bibRefCitation author="Zibrowius, H" journalOrPublisher="Crustaceana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B339" refString="Zibrowius, H, 1985. Asexual reproduction by bud-shedding in shallow- water Balanophyllia of the tropical Indo-Pacific (Cnidaria; Scleractinia; Dendrophylliidae). Proceedings of the Fifth International Coral Reef Congress, Tahiti 5: 233." title="Asexual reproduction by bud-shedding in shallow- water Balanophyllia of the tropical Indo-Pacific (Cnidaria; Scleractinia; Dendrophylliidae). Proceedings of the Fifth International Coral Reef Congress, Tahiti 5: 233." year="1985">. -Zibrowius 1985</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 314, 319, 322, 323. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Zibrowius, H" journalOrPublisher="Scientia Marina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="19 - 46" refId="B341" refString="Zibrowius, H, Gili, J, 1990. Deep-Water Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from Namibia, South Africa, and Walvis Ridge, Southeastern Atlantic. Scientia Marina 54 (1): 19 - 46" title="Deep-Water Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from Namibia, South Africa, and Walvis Ridge, Southeastern Atlantic." volume="54" year="1990">Zibrowius and Gili 1990</bibRefCitation>
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: 39-42, pl. 6, figs A-F, pl. 7, figs A-F. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 44" refId="B36" refString="Cairns, S, 1991. A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Galapagos and Cocos Islands. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 504: 1 - 44" title="A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Galapagos and Cocos Islands." volume="504" year="1991">Cairns 1991</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 26, pl. 12, fig. B. -Dawson 1992: 45
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Monograph Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 82" refId="B52" refString="Cairns, S, Parker, S, 1992. Review of the Recent Scleractinia of South Australia, Victoria, and Tasmania. Records of the South Australian Museum. Monograph Series 3: 1 - 82" title="Review of the Recent Scleractinia of South Australia, Victoria, and Tasmania. Records of the South Australian Museum." volume="3" year="1992">. -Cairns and Parker 1992</bibRefCitation>
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: 52-53, pl. 18, figs E-I. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller 1993</bibRefCitation>
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: 281-282
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 150" refId="B37" refString="Cairns, S, 1994. Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 557: 1 - 150" title="Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific." volume="557" year="1994">. -Cairns 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 92-93, pl. 39, figs D-F. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 210" refId="B38" refString="Cairns, S, 1995. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir 103: 1 - 210" title="The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa)." volume="103" year="1995">Cairns 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 127-128, pl. 44, figs C-F. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 243" refId="B54" refString="Cairns, S, Zibrowius, H, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 172: 27 - 243" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions." volume="172" year="1997">Cairns and Zibrowius 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 195. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="31 - 167" refId="B41" refString="Cairns, S, 1999a. Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 180: 31 - 167" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands." volume="180" year="1999 a">Cairns 1999a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 134-135. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Atoll Research Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="13 - 46" refId="B57" refString="Cairns, S, Hoeksema, B, van der Land, J, 1999. Appendix: List of Extant Stony Corals. Atoll Research Bulletin 459: 13 - 46" title="Appendix: List of Extant Stony Corals." volume="459" year="1999">Cairns et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 27. -Romano and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Studies on the Natural History of the Caribbean Region" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 215" refId="B43" refString="Cairns, S, 2000. A revision of the shallow-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia of the western Atlantic. Studies on the Natural History of the Caribbean Region 75: 1 - 215" title="A revision of the shallow-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia of the western Atlantic." volume="75" year="2000">Cairns 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 1049
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="259 - 329" refId="B45" refString="Cairns, S, 2004a. The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 56: 259 - 329" title="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia." volume="56" year="2004 a">. -Cairns 2004a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 267, 316
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Le Goff-Vitry, M" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="167 - 177" refId="B166" refString="Le Goff-Vitry, M, Rogers, A, Baglow, D, 2004. A deep-sea slant on the molecular phylogeny of the Scleractinia. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 30: 167 - 177" title="A deep-sea slant on the molecular phylogeny of the Scleractinia." volume="30" year="2004">. -Le Goff-Vitry et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 170, 176. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Paper of the Bernice P Bishop Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="45 - 53" refId="B47" refString="Cairns, S, 2006. New records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Hawaiian Islands. Occasional Paper of the Bernice P Bishop Museum 87: 45 - 53" title="New records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Hawaiian Islands." volume="87" year="2006">Cairns 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 48
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kitahara, M" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="497 - 518" refId="B150" refString="Kitahara, M, 2007. Species richness and distribution of azooxanthellate Scleractinia in Brazil. Bulletin of Marine Science 81 (3): 497 - 518" title="Species richness and distribution of azooxanthellate Scleractinia in Brazil." volume="81" year="2007">. -Kitahara 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 504, 505, 511, 513, 516, fig. 5G
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Pires, D" editor="George, R" journalOrPublisher="Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami. Miami" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="265 - 272" refId="B220" refString="Pires, D, 2007. The Azooxanthellate Coral Fauna of Brazil. In: George, R, Cairns, SD, Eds., Conservation and Adaptive Management of Seamount and Deep-sea coral Ecosystems. Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami. Miami: 265 - 272" title="The Azooxanthellate Coral Fauna of Brazil." volumeTitle="Conservation and Adaptive Management of Seamount and Deep-sea coral Ecosystems." year="2007">. -Pires 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 269. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kitahara, M" journalOrPublisher="Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia (Sao Paulo)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B157" refString="Kitahara, M, Cairns, S, Stolarski, J, Blair, D, Miller, D, 2010b. A comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) based on mitochondrial CO1 sequence data. PLoS ONE 5: e11490. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0011490" title="A comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) based on mitochondrial CO 1 sequence data. PLoS ONE 5: e 11490. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0011490" year="2010 b">Kitahara et al. 2010b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kitahara, M" journalOrPublisher="Publications Scientifiques du Museum, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B154" refString="Kitahara, M, Cairns, S, 2021. Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos volume 32: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle. Publications Scientifiques du Museum, Paris" title="Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos volume 32: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle." year="2021">Kitahara and Cairns 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 326-328, figs 173D-G, 174.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Alcock" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Enallopsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enallopsammia amphelioides" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amphelioides">Enallopsammia amphelioides</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Zibrowius, H" journalOrPublisher="Beaufortia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="37 - 54" refId="B330" refString="Zibrowius, H, 1973. Revision des especes actuelles du genre Enallopsammia Michelotti, 1871, et description de E. marenzelleri, nouvelle especes bathyle a large distribution: Ocean Indien et Atlantique Central (Madreporaria, Dendrophylliidae). Beaufortia 21 (276): 37 - 54" title="Revision des especes actuelles du genre Enallopsammia Michelotti, 1871, et description de E. marenzelleri, nouvelle especes bathyle a large distribution: Ocean Indien et Atlantique Central (Madreporaria, Dendrophylliidae)." volume="21" year="1973">. -Zibrowius 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 45-46. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Studies on the fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 341" refId="B30" refString="Cairns, S, 1979. The deep-water Scleractinia of the Caribbean Sea and adjacent waters. Studies on the fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands 57 (1): 1 - 341" title="The deep-water Scleractinia of the Caribbean Sea and adjacent waters." volume="57" year="1979">Cairns 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 187, pl. 40, figs 4, 5. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Zibrowius, H" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de l'Institut oceanographique, Monaco" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B337" refString="Zibrowius, H, 1980. Les Scleractiniaires de la Mediterranee et de l'Atlantique nord-oriental. Memoires de l'Institut oceanographique, Monaco" title="Les Scleractiniaires de la Mediterranee et de l'Atlantique nord-oriental." year="1980">Zibrowius 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 203-204, pl. 106, figs D-I
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Grygier, M" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 22" refId="B118" refString="Grygier, M, Newman, W, 1985. Motility and calcareous parts in extant and fossil Acrothoracica (Crustacea: Cirripedia), based primarily upon new species burrowing in the deep-sea scleractinian coral Enallopsammia. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 21: 1 - 22" title="Motility and calcareous parts in extant and fossil Acrothoracica (Crustacea: Cirripedia), based primarily upon new species burrowing in the deep-sea scleractinian coral Enallopsammia." volume="21" year="1985">. -Grygier and Newman 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 6, fig. 2A-D.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Off the Straits of Florida (SSS
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘Blake’">'Blake'</normalizedToken>
|
||
stn. 2:
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="23" direction="north" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="23.233334">23°14'00"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="82" direction="west" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-82.416664">82°25'00"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); 1472 m
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Pourtales, L de" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology (Harvard)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="197 - 212" refId="B226" refString="Pourtales, L de, 1878. Report on the results of dredging, under the supervision of Alexander Agassiz, in the Gulf of Mexico, by the U.S. Margin Survey Steamer Blake. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology (Harvard) 5 (9): 197 - 212" title="Report on the results of dredging, under the supervision of Alexander Agassiz, in the Gulf of Mexico, by the U. S. Margin Survey Steamer Blake." volume="5" year="1878">
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pourtalès">Pourtales</normalizedToken>
|
||
1878
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Two syntypes are deposited at the MCZ (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Studies on the fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 341" refId="B30" refString="Cairns, S, 1979. The deep-water Scleractinia of the Caribbean Sea and adjacent waters. Studies on the fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands 57 (1): 1 - 341" title="The deep-water Scleractinia of the Caribbean Sea and adjacent waters." volume="57" year="1979">Cairns 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Zibrowius, H" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de l'Institut oceanographique, Monaco" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B337" refString="Zibrowius, H, 1980. Les Scleractiniaires de la Mediterranee et de l'Atlantique nord-oriental. Memoires de l'Institut oceanographique, Monaco" title="Les Scleractiniaires de la Mediterranee et de l'Atlantique nord-oriental." year="1980">Zibrowius 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Mkweni Estuary" elevation="200" latitude="-31.501698" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.92" municipality="Port St. Johns" specimenCount="1">
|
||
SAMC_A073270 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:84AFF290FF8667E51961D9E71721122D:ECCF198776B0B60ADD4B35690146F356" county="Mkweni Estuary" latitude="-31.501698" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.92" municipality="Port St. Johns" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
|
||
margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" unit="km" value="39.0">39 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Port St. Johns</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" unit="km" value="13.0">13 km</quantity>
|
||
off
|
||
<collectingCounty>Mkweni Estuary</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="31" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="06.11" value="-31.501698">31°30'06.11"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="12.00" value="29.92">29°55'12.00"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="200.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Goukou Estuary" elevation="231" latitude="-36.157814" location="Southern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="21.998281" municipality="Gouritsmond" specimenCount="1">
|
||
DSCS_INV 158 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:84AFF290FF8667E51961D9E71721122D:64564EE77394E8A46364337A620C252E" county="Goukou Estuary" latitude="-36.157814" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="21.998281" municipality="Gouritsmond" name="Southern">Southern</location>
|
||
margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="200.0">200 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Gouritsmond</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.04" unit="km" value="204.0">204 km</quantity>
|
||
off
|
||
<collectingCounty>Goukou Estuary</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="south" minutes="09" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="28.13" value="-36.157814">36°09'28.13"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="east" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="53.81" value="21.998281">21°59'53.81"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.31" metricValueMax="2.36" metricValueMin="2.26" unit="m" value="231.0" valueMax="236.0" valueMin="226.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.31" metricValueMax="2.36" metricValueMin="2.26" unit="m" value="231.0" valueMax="236.0" valueMin="226.0">226-
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">236 m.</specimenCount>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Goukou Estuary" elevation="231" latitude="-36.157814" location="Southern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="21.998281" municipality="Gouritsmond" specimenCount="1">
|
||
DSCS_INV 160 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:84AFF290FF8667E51961D9E71721122D:F285546B1BCDFB6F158E88570CA3BFE8" county="Goukou Estuary" latitude="-36.157814" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="21.998281" municipality="Gouritsmond" name="Southern">Southern</location>
|
||
margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="200.0">200 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Gouritsmond</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.04" unit="km" value="204.0">204 km</quantity>
|
||
off
|
||
<collectingCounty>Goukou Estuary</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="south" minutes="09" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="28.13" value="-36.157814">36°09'28.13"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="east" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="53.81" value="21.998281">21°59'53.81"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.31" metricValueMax="2.36" metricValueMin="2.26" unit="m" value="231.0" valueMax="236.0" valueMin="226.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.31" metricValueMax="2.36" metricValueMin="2.26" unit="m" value="231.0" valueMax="236.0" valueMin="226.0">226-
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">236 m.</specimenCount>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Bulolo Estuary" elevation="333" latitude="-35.10313" location="Southern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="23.044975" municipality="Knysna" specimenCount="1">
|
||
DSCS_INV 238 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:84AFF290FF8667E51961D9E71721122D:01D641CB001099ED9F29BB12ED3AB455" county="Bulolo Estuary" latitude="-35.10313" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="23.044975" municipality="Knysna" name="Southern">Southern</location>
|
||
margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.14" unit="km" value="114.0">114 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Knysna</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/off
|
||
<collectingCounty>Bulolo Estuary</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35" direction="south" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="11.27" value="-35.10313">35°06'11.27"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="23" direction="east" minutes="02" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="41.91" value="23.044975">23°02'41.91"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3299999999999996" unit="m" value="333.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3299999999999996" unit="m" value="333.0">333m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" elevation="333" latitude="-35.119816" location="Knysna" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="23.044975" municipality="Goukamma Estuary" specimenCount="1">
|
||
DSCS_INV 238 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.16" unit="km" value="116.0">116 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:84AFF290FF8667E51961D9E71721122D:675EF2AB40BE76E9FFFBAC8B2AEEDD83" latitude="-35.119816" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="23.044975" municipality="Goukamma Estuary" name="Knysna">Knysna</location>
|
||
/off
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Goukamma Estuary</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35" direction="south" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="11.34" value="-35.119816">35°07'11.34"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="23" direction="east" minutes="02" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="41.91" value="23.044975">23°02'41.91"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3299999999999996" unit="m" value="333.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3299999999999996" unit="m" value="333.0">333 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" elevation="333" latitude="-35.119816" location="Knysna" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="23.044975" municipality="Goukamma Estuary" specimenCount="1">
|
||
DSCS_INV 224 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.16" unit="km" value="116.0">116 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:84AFF290FF8667E51961D9E71721122D:7FC43A0306120140FAAB2F5DE2375E69" latitude="-35.119816" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="23.044975" municipality="Goukamma Estuary" name="Knysna">Knysna</location>
|
||
/off
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Goukamma Estuary</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35" direction="south" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="11.34" value="-35.119816">35°07'11.34"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="23" direction="east" minutes="02" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="41.91" value="23.044975">23°02'41.91"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3299999999999996" unit="m" value="333.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3299999999999996" unit="m" value="333.0">333 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Tsitsikamma Estuary" elevation="354" latitude="-34.87277" location="Southern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="24.21417" municipality="Oesterbaai" specimenCount="1">
|
||
DEFF_SVMEC_INV 261 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:84AFF290FF8667E51961D9E71721122D:41D953E6A88D022F0B6E1DA25B92C38D" county="Tsitsikamma Estuary" latitude="-34.87277" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="24.21417" municipality="Oesterbaai" name="Southern">Southern</location>
|
||
margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.8" unit="km" value="88.0">88 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Oesterbaai</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" unit="km" value="85.0">85 km</quantity>
|
||
off
|
||
<collectingCounty>Tsitsikamma Estuary</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="52" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="21.97" value="-34.87277">34°52'21.97"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="24" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="51.01" value="24.21417">24°12'51.01"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.54" metricValueMax="3.67" metricValueMin="3.41" unit="m" value="354.0" valueMax="367.0" valueMin="341.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.54" metricValueMax="3.67" metricValueMin="3.41" unit="m" value="354.0" valueMax="367.0" valueMin="341.0">341-
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">367 m.</specimenCount>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uniplanar colonies formed by extra-tentacular budding, and firmly attached to substrate by an encrusting base. Corallites confined to one face of corallum, arranged uniserially, and projecting ≤ 4.1 mm above branch. Corallites circular to slightly elliptical (GCD:LCD = 1.0-1.1); calicular margin serrate. Costae prominent at calicular margin, often forming a hood that partially covers the calice; becoming poorly-defined in direction to base, slightly convex, and covered with small granules. Intercostal striae deep, thin, and porous. Corallum white.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Septa hexamerally arranged in three complete cycles according to the formula: S1> S3> S3 (24 septa). S1 most exsert, narrow, and extending closer to columella deep in fossa with concave and slight serrate axial margins. S2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
|
||
the width of S1, and bear serrated axial margins. S3 slightly less wide than S1-2, sometimes appearing rudimentary, and have dentate axial margins. S3 sometimes fusing to adjacent S2 near columella. Fossa deep, containing a rudimentary or trabecular columella.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Regional: Southern to eastern margin of South Africa, extending from Knysna towards Port St. Johns; 200-367 m. Elsewhere: Cosmopolitan, except for eastern Pacific and continental Antarctica; 110-2165 m.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The examined specimens extend the known distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Pourtales" baseAuthorityYear="1878" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Enallopsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enallopsammia rostrata" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rostrata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Enallopsammia rostrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the southwest Indian Ocean (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) further south from the Madagascar Plateau, thus representing a new record for South Africa. Species is easily distinguished by its uniplanar development with calices in only one side of the colony, (unlike the bushy and irregularly arranged calice of both
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="E." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. profunda" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="profunda">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. profunda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pourtalès">Pourtales</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1868) and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="E." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. pusilla" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pusilla">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. pusilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and costae being prominent at the calicular margin (instead of being prominent throughout corallum as in the case of both
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="E." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. profunda" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="profunda">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. profunda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="E." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. pusilla" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pusilla">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. pusilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Although previous specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="E." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. rostrata" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rostrata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. rostrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been reported to display septocostal rostrum (the enlargement of one CS1) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Antarctic Research Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 74" refId="B32" refString="Cairns, S, 1982. Antarctic and Subantarctic Scleractinia. Antarctic Research Series 34 (1): 1 - 74" title="Antarctic and Subantarctic Scleractinia." volume="34" year="1982">Cairns 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 243" refId="B54" refString="Cairns, S, Zibrowius, H, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 172: 27 - 243" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions." volume="172" year="1997">Cairns and Zibrowius 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), this feature is absent in the South African examined representatives (all of which are small colonies).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |