treatments-xml/data/10/1D/7F/101D7F538B68FF963A80FDA3FDE728D5.xml
2024-06-21 12:29:36 +02:00

219 lines
30 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="1CA925487216025CCB3B2A1256174885" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.189309" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3dc19a42-1fff-4b76-ada8-9f9a1d4da959" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="189309" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461100910154" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Santos, Claudiney Biral Dos, Ferreira, Adelson Luiz &amp; Bravo, Freddy" docDate="2009" docId="101D7F538B68FF963A80FDA3FDE728D5" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02174p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2174" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Sycorax bidentis Santos, Ferreira &amp; Bravo, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="66" masterDocId="EC24072B8B6BFF923A17FFFEFFCD280D" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of the genus Parasycorax Duckhouse (Diptera, Psychodidae, Sycoracinae), with description of a new species from Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="63" pageNumber="66" updateTime="1698591280327" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="F5756FDE937D59A6E15D888C45A4BA30" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="BDE0C0DCA5CADBBE3EC0CFA6AB848808">
<mods:title id="04AEEE1FF11385910F2BEDB7607698E1">Taxonomy of the genus Parasycorax Duckhouse (Diptera, Psychodidae, Sycoracinae), with description of a new species from Brazil</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="DDC47CDB3F1193E2CF2E5206760055ED" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C8EC1657DA790E4249BE3C6A34DDE051">
<mods:roleTerm id="F6693027A3AE19AC2396964B1AF464FD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3B19693C5D68F80776AE4A902D18550D">Santos, Claudiney Biral Dos</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="D104276B315D4DEC3F4E802062440148" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F4861360B2224474438B111B47209791">
<mods:roleTerm id="897A2AFD4CB860F1AD2B16ED39E5C95E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="371944AC318578D3C55169D7C809727F">Ferreira, Adelson Luiz</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="D466082939B4FC1D2064809EC8406FD1" type="personal">
<mods:role id="926993B83330ED2310093369C4B075A7">
<mods:roleTerm id="0C8B3EDE4AB54087603483142A751DFC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4ACF2E0900BC0C963B9DAC6E7CC796CB">Bravo, Freddy</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="CCC6B4BE332AE39593247D357B68510A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="E76DD6384B0BF08D8AE616C0C52AD12D" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="1B658E958ACBF2A33F1608A400A84A3F">
<mods:title id="8C23F0F6CEAAFF23A9E6F3DBFE93FCD8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="6C049130CE6406AA92F8B5189A256B90">
<mods:date id="048121F614467633383E6B6D559B56B7">2009</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="FCCCAA9A6B31F0E8CF338E5DD1C31970" type="volume">
<mods:number id="A4A639C27A350BEA14D3AD04490F726B">2174</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="543384C1A1D62995E1C95DF427B1FAED" unit="page">
<mods:start id="65167568F4170DD31FA75DE2B39F8EE2">63</mods:start>
<mods:end id="E42942764DE589938B2DD95A78A7B10E">68</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="DE8451112D83A77166EB63F7D5D986BB">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="17BEC7D7DEFB1826A0C92DF39AEB5E6C" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.189309</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0A8D6E81FCD23955F43D9EFA1D7BD565" type="GBIF-Dataset">3dc19a42-1fff-4b76-ada8-9f9a1d4da959</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="50352F20106EF5B2423A9B968F2D9820" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="EE6A507352F4E9BEAF2060ABA71F6A05" type="Zenodo-Dep">189309</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="101D7F538B68FF963A80FDA3FDE728D5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6223227" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119621669" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6223227" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:101D7F538B68FF963A80FDA3FDE728D5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/101D7F538B68FF963A80FDA3FDE728D5" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
<subSubSection id="D0AE9DCE8B68FF913A80FDA3FE812A97" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="980BCE458B68FF913A80FDA3FD392A7A" blockId="3.[151,756,605,666]" box="[151,756,605,631]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
<heading id="C34379298B68FF913A80FDA3FD392A7A" bold="true" box="[151,756,605,631]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" reason="1">
<emphasis id="AAC012578B68FF913A80FDA3FD392A7A" bold="true" box="[151,756,605,631]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicName id="5FB4B5C68B68FF913A80FDA3FD682A7A" authority="Santos, Ferreira &amp; Bravo" authorityName="Santos, Ferreira &amp; Bravo" box="[151,677,605,631]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Sycorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidentis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="AAC012578B68FF913A80FDA3FE932A7A" bold="true" box="[151,350,605,631]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Sycorax bidentis</emphasis>
Santos, Ferreira &amp; Bravo
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F3AF2C8B68FF9138A5FDA3FD392A7A" box="[690,756,605,631]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980BCE458B68FF913A89FD7EFE812A97" blockId="3.[151,756,605,666]" box="[158,332,640,666]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
(
<figureCitation id="008FD2C08B68FF913AB1FD7EFE8E2A97" box="[166,323,640,666]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 16" captionStartId="4.[151,273,1614,1638]" captionTargetBox="[160,1430,281,1575]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,274,1589]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 9 16. Parasycorax bidentis (Barretto), holotype male. 9. Antenna: pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 10. Antenna: flagellomeres 3 4 with ascoids. 11. Palpus maxillaris: palpomeres 2 4, left. 12. Palpomeres 1 2, rigth. 13. Wing. Male terminalia, Figures 14 16: 14. Cerci and sternite 10. 15. Gonocoxite and gonostylus. 16. Aedeagus, paramere and aedeagal apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189311/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Figures 916</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D0AE9DCE8B68FF913A80FD33FC632B03" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="980BCE458B68FF913A80FD33FC632B03" blockId="3.[151,1437,717,2028]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="AAC012578B68FF913A80FD33FE822AEA" bold="true" box="[151,335,717,743]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
<typeStatus id="470F70E78B68FF913A80FD33FF1E2AEA" box="[151,211,717,743]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="E0A38ED58B68FF913B4DFD33FE042AEA" box="[346,457,717,743]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
, Espírito Santo, Cariacica municipality, Reserva Biológica Duas Bocas,
<geoCoordinate id="FD80A8828B68FF913F22FD33FA5A2AEA" box="[1333,1431,717,743]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" precision="925" value="-20.466667">20º28S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FD80A8828B68FF913A80FD0AFECD2B03" box="[151,256,756,782]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" precision="925" value="-40.766666">40º46W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="EC0AE8858B68FF913B1BFD0AFE472B03" box="[268,394,756,782]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" value="2008-10-03">03.X.2008</date>
, Santos, C. B. col.,
<typeStatus id="470F70E78B68FF913866FD0AFD1A2B03" box="[625,727,756,782]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
male (MZUEFS).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D0AE9DCE8B68FF913AD1FCE4FE6A2D8C" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" type="description">
<paragraph id="980BCE458B68FF913AD1FCE4FBDE2D56" blockId="3.[151,1437,717,2028]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="AAC012578B68FF913AD1FCE4FE932B39" bold="true" box="[198,350,794,820]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Description.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="470F70E78B68FF913B7CFCE4FE152B39" box="[363,472,794,820]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male. Tegument brownish. Head: subcircular in frontal view; eyes separated; clypeus quadrangular; labrum triangular; scape cylindrical, larger than pedicel; pedicel spherical (
<figureCitation id="008FD2C08B68FF913F56FCBFFA402B56" box="[1345,1421,833,859]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 16" captionStartId="4.[151,273,1614,1638]" captionTargetBox="[160,1430,281,1575]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,274,1589]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 9 16. Parasycorax bidentis (Barretto), holotype male. 9. Antenna: pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 10. Antenna: flagellomeres 3 4 with ascoids. 11. Palpus maxillaris: palpomeres 2 4, left. 12. Palpomeres 1 2, rigth. 13. Wing. Male terminalia, Figures 14 16: 14. Cerci and sternite 10. 15. Gonocoxite and gonostylus. 16. Aedeagus, paramere and aedeagal apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189311/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). Antenna incomplete; first flagellomere 1.3 times as long as the second (
<figureCitation id="008FD2C08B68FF913E5CFC96FB632B8F" box="[1099,1198,872,898]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 16" captionStartId="4.[151,273,1614,1638]" captionTargetBox="[160,1430,281,1575]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,274,1589]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 9 16. Parasycorax bidentis (Barretto), holotype male. 9. Antenna: pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 10. Antenna: flagellomeres 3 4 with ascoids. 11. Palpus maxillaris: palpomeres 2 4, left. 12. Palpomeres 1 2, rigth. 13. Wing. Male terminalia, Figures 14 16: 14. Cerci and sternite 10. 15. Gonocoxite and gonostylus. 16. Aedeagus, paramere and aedeagal apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189311/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
); ascoids sinuous, approximately 2.0 times as long as flagellomeres. Palpus with four segments (
<figureCitation id="008FD2C08B68FF913E39FC70FB712BA5" box="[1070,1212,910,936]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 16" captionStartId="4.[151,273,1614,1638]" captionTargetBox="[160,1430,281,1575]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,274,1589]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 9 16. Parasycorax bidentis (Barretto), holotype male. 9. Antenna: pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 10. Antenna: flagellomeres 3 4 with ascoids. 11. Palpus maxillaris: palpomeres 2 4, left. 12. Palpomeres 1 2, rigth. 13. Wing. Male terminalia, Figures 14 16: 14. Cerci and sternite 10. 15. Gonocoxite and gonostylus. 16. Aedeagus, paramere and aedeagal apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189311/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Figs. 11, 12</figureCitation>
); palpus formula = 1.0:1.1:1.2:2.5 (
<figureCitation id="008FD2C08B68FF913B4FFC4BFE282BC2" box="[344,485,949,975]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 16" captionStartId="4.[151,273,1614,1638]" captionTargetBox="[160,1430,281,1575]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,274,1589]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 9 16. Parasycorax bidentis (Barretto), holotype male. 9. Antenna: pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 10. Antenna: flagellomeres 3 4 with ascoids. 11. Palpus maxillaris: palpomeres 2 4, left. 12. Palpomeres 1 2, rigth. 13. Wing. Male terminalia, Figures 14 16: 14. Cerci and sternite 10. 15. Gonocoxite and gonostylus. 16. Aedeagus, paramere and aedeagal apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189311/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Figs 11, 12</figureCitation>
). Thorax: notum darker than the pleura, coxae and legs. Wing (
<figureCitation id="008FD2C08B68FF913EF0FC4BFAF22BC2" box="[1255,1343,949,975]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 16" captionStartId="4.[151,273,1614,1638]" captionTargetBox="[160,1430,281,1575]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,274,1589]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 9 16. Parasycorax bidentis (Barretto), holotype male. 9. Antenna: pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 10. Antenna: flagellomeres 3 4 with ascoids. 11. Palpus maxillaris: palpomeres 2 4, left. 12. Palpomeres 1 2, rigth. 13. Wing. Male terminalia, Figures 14 16: 14. Cerci and sternite 10. 15. Gonocoxite and gonostylus. 16. Aedeagus, paramere and aedeagal apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189311/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
) with a rounded apex; Sc not reaching C; sc-r short; h lost; veins R1, R4, R5, M1, M2 and M3 ending before reaching C; Rs incomplete, not reaching R1; base of Rs broken; base of R5 incomplete, not reaching Rs; r-m not developed; m-cu present; base of M3, m-cu and base of CuA1 little sclerotized. Cerci (
<figureCitation id="008FD2C08B68FF913E1BFBD1FBAF2C44" box="[1036,1122,1071,1097]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 16" captionStartId="4.[151,273,1614,1638]" captionTargetBox="[160,1430,281,1575]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,274,1589]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 9 16. Parasycorax bidentis (Barretto), holotype male. 9. Antenna: pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 10. Antenna: flagellomeres 3 4 with ascoids. 11. Palpus maxillaris: palpomeres 2 4, left. 12. Palpomeres 1 2, rigth. 13. Wing. Male terminalia, Figures 14 16: 14. Cerci and sternite 10. 15. Gonocoxite and gonostylus. 16. Aedeagus, paramere and aedeagal apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189311/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
) with apical micropilosity and some apical bristles. Sternite 10 ending before the apex of the cercus, subtriangular, with apical micropilosity (
<figureCitation id="008FD2C08B68FF913B5EFB81FE6E2C94" box="[329,419,1151,1177]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 16" captionStartId="4.[151,273,1614,1638]" captionTargetBox="[160,1430,281,1575]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,274,1589]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 9 16. Parasycorax bidentis (Barretto), holotype male. 9. Antenna: pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 10. Antenna: flagellomeres 3 4 with ascoids. 11. Palpus maxillaris: palpomeres 2 4, left. 12. Palpomeres 1 2, rigth. 13. Wing. Male terminalia, Figures 14 16: 14. Cerci and sternite 10. 15. Gonocoxite and gonostylus. 16. Aedeagus, paramere and aedeagal apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189311/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
). Gonocoxite longer than wide, and shorter than gonostylus; base of the gonocoxite having a lateral group of short sensorial setae (
<figureCitation id="008FD2C08B68FF9138F6FB58FCF22CCD" box="[737,831,1190,1216]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 16" captionStartId="4.[151,273,1614,1638]" captionTargetBox="[160,1430,281,1575]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,274,1589]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 9 16. Parasycorax bidentis (Barretto), holotype male. 9. Antenna: pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 10. Antenna: flagellomeres 3 4 with ascoids. 11. Palpus maxillaris: palpomeres 2 4, left. 12. Palpomeres 1 2, rigth. 13. Wing. Male terminalia, Figures 14 16: 14. Cerci and sternite 10. 15. Gonocoxite and gonostylus. 16. Aedeagus, paramere and aedeagal apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189311/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
). Gonostylus (
<figureCitation id="008FD2C08B68FF9139E2FB58FB9D2CCD" box="[1013,1104,1190,1216]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 16" captionStartId="4.[151,273,1614,1638]" captionTargetBox="[160,1430,281,1575]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,274,1589]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 9 16. Parasycorax bidentis (Barretto), holotype male. 9. Antenna: pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 10. Antenna: flagellomeres 3 4 with ascoids. 11. Palpus maxillaris: palpomeres 2 4, left. 12. Palpomeres 1 2, rigth. 13. Wing. Male terminalia, Figures 14 16: 14. Cerci and sternite 10. 15. Gonocoxite and gonostylus. 16. Aedeagus, paramere and aedeagal apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189311/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
) with two narrow, ventral, sclerotized arms with distal end directed upward; apex of gonostylus with two spines, one apical and one subapical; few long bristles at the apex of the gonostylus; base of the gonostylus having a dorsal group of short sensorial setae (
<figureCitation id="008FD2C08B68FF913B84FAE4FE272D39" box="[403,490,1306,1332]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 16" captionStartId="4.[151,273,1614,1638]" captionTargetBox="[160,1430,281,1575]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,274,1589]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 9 16. Parasycorax bidentis (Barretto), holotype male. 9. Antenna: pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 10. Antenna: flagellomeres 3 4 with ascoids. 11. Palpus maxillaris: palpomeres 2 4, left. 12. Palpomeres 1 2, rigth. 13. Wing. Male terminalia, Figures 14 16: 14. Cerci and sternite 10. 15. Gonocoxite and gonostylus. 16. Aedeagus, paramere and aedeagal apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189311/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
). Aedeagus (
<figureCitation id="008FD2C08B68FF913894FAE4FD152D39" box="[643,728,1306,1332]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 16" captionStartId="4.[151,273,1614,1638]" captionTargetBox="[160,1430,281,1575]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,274,1589]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 9 16. Parasycorax bidentis (Barretto), holotype male. 9. Antenna: pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 10. Antenna: flagellomeres 3 4 with ascoids. 11. Palpus maxillaris: palpomeres 2 4, left. 12. Palpomeres 1 2, rigth. 13. Wing. Male terminalia, Figures 14 16: 14. Cerci and sternite 10. 15. Gonocoxite and gonostylus. 16. Aedeagus, paramere and aedeagal apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189311/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
) bifid, 0.5 as long as aedeagal apodeme. Aedeagal apodeme 1.9 as long as paramere. Paramere (
<figureCitation id="008FD2C08B68FF91382FFABFFD402D56" box="[568,653,1345,1371]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 16" captionStartId="4.[151,273,1614,1638]" captionTargetBox="[160,1430,281,1575]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,274,1589]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 9 16. Parasycorax bidentis (Barretto), holotype male. 9. Antenna: pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 10. Antenna: flagellomeres 3 4 with ascoids. 11. Palpus maxillaris: palpomeres 2 4, left. 12. Palpomeres 1 2, rigth. 13. Wing. Male terminalia, Figures 14 16: 14. Cerci and sternite 10. 15. Gonocoxite and gonostylus. 16. Aedeagus, paramere and aedeagal apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189311/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
) plate-like, without long bristles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980BCE458B68FF913AD1FA99FE6A2D8C" blockId="3.[151,1437,717,2028]" box="[198,423,1383,1409]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Female. Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D0AE9DCE8B68FF913AD1FA73FDC42DC3" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="980BCE458B68FF913AD1FA73FDC42DC3" blockId="3.[151,1437,717,2028]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="AAC012578B68FF913AD1FA73FE9E2DAA" bold="true" box="[198,339,1421,1447]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Etymology.</emphasis>
The name
<taxonomicName id="5FB4B5C68B68FF913BC8FA70FDF12DAA" box="[479,572,1422,1447]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Sycorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidentis">
<emphasis id="AAC012578B68FF913BC8FA70FDF12DAA" box="[479,572,1422,1447]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">bidentis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Latin for presence of two teeth) was chosen because the base of the gonostylus has two projections.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D0AE9DCE8B68FF913AD1FA25FA562E11" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="980BCE458B68FF913AD1FA25FA562E11" blockId="3.[151,1437,717,2028]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="AAC012578B68FF913AD1FA25FE992DF8" bold="true" box="[198,340,1499,1525]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Comments.</emphasis>
The presence of basal and sclerotized pairs of arms in the gonostylus of the new species
<taxonomicName id="5FB4B5C68B68FF913F91FA25FF392E16" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Sycorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidentis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="AAC012578B68FF913F91FA25FF392E16" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">S. bidentis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="AAC012578B68FF913AECF9FFFEF02E16" bold="true" box="[251,317,1537,1563]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F3AF2C8B68FF913AECF9FFFEF02E16" box="[251,317,1537,1563]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is unique to this genus and distinguishes it from all of the other known species of
<taxonomicName id="5FB4B5C68B68FF913EE8F9FCFA582E16" box="[1279,1429,1538,1563]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Parasycorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AAC012578B68FF913EE8F9FCFA582E16" box="[1279,1429,1538,1563]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Parasycorax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D0AE9DCE8B68FF913AD1F9D6FF152EBB" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="980BCE458B68FF913AD1F9D6FB8A2E4E" blockId="3.[151,1437,717,2028]" box="[198,1095,1576,1603]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="AAC012578B68FF913AD1F9D6FEAA2E4F" bold="true" box="[198,359,1576,1602]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="E0A38ED58B68FF913B79F9D7FE742E4E" box="[366,441,1577,1603]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, state of Espírito Santo. Known only from
<typeStatus id="470F70E78B68FF9139A7F9D7FC2E2E4E" box="[944,995,1577,1603]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980BCE458B68FF913AD1F9B1FF152EBB" blockId="3.[151,1437,717,2028]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="AAC012578B68FF913AD1F9B1FEE02E64" bold="true" box="[198,301,1615,1641]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Habitat.</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="470F70E78B68FF913B64F9B1FE6B2E64" box="[371,422,1615,1641]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">type</typeStatus>
locality, Reserva Biológica Duas Bocas, Cariacica, is located in the Atlantic Rain Forest Biome,
<collectingCountry id="E0A38ED58B68FF913B50F988FE5E2E9D" box="[327,403,1654,1680]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. The specimen was collected in the forest with a CDC light trap
<date id="EC0AE8858B68FF913E82F988FB142E9D" box="[1173,1241,1654,1680]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" value="1915-09">
set
<quantity id="5F4C63A08B68FF913EA9F988FB142E9D" box="[1214,1241,1654,1680]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" unit="m" value="15.0">15</quantity>
</date>
m above ground level.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D0AE9DCE8B68FF963AD1F93DFDE728D5" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="980BCE458B68FF913AD1F93DFD2C2F93" blockId="3.[151,1437,717,2028]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="AAC012578B68FF913AD1F93DFE9F2ED0" bold="true" box="[198,338,1731,1757]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Discussion.</emphasis>
A group of small sensorial setae implanted at the base of gonostylus appear to be characteristic of the Neotropical species of
<taxonomicName id="5FB4B5C68B68FF9138B6F914FCF42F0E" box="[673,825,1770,1795]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Parasycorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AAC012578B68FF9138B6F914FCF42F0E" box="[673,825,1770,1795]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Parasycorax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="008FD2C08B68FF91395CF914FC6D2F09" box="[843,928,1770,1796]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 8" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1474,1498]" captionTargetBox="[169,1409,552,1439]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[160,1427,545,1449]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 8. Parasycorax satchelli (Barretto), male. 1. Antenna: scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres, the last one with ascoid. 2. Antenna: flagellomeres 10 13 with ascoids, the last one with apiculus. 3. Palpus maxillaris. 4. Wing. Male terminalia, Figures 5 8: 5. Gonocoxite. 6. Gonostylus. 7. Aedeagus, parameres and aedeagal apodeme. 8. Aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189310/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="008FD2C08B68FF9139B9F914FC032F09" box="[942,974,1770,1796]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 16" captionStartId="4.[151,273,1614,1638]" captionTargetBox="[160,1430,281,1575]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,274,1589]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 9 16. Parasycorax bidentis (Barretto), holotype male. 9. Antenna: pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 10. Antenna: flagellomeres 3 4 with ascoids. 11. Palpus maxillaris: palpomeres 2 4, left. 12. Palpomeres 1 2, rigth. 13. Wing. Male terminalia, Figures 14 16: 14. Cerci and sternite 10. 15. Gonocoxite and gonostylus. 16. Aedeagus, paramere and aedeagal apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189311/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">15</figureCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="FC25B3B48B68FF9139CBF914FB192F09" author="Bejarano" box="[988,1236,1770,1796]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" refString="Bejarano, E. E, Duque, P &amp; Velez, I. D. (2008) A new species of Sycorax (Diptera, Psychodidae, Sycoracinae) from the Pacific coast of Colombia. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 52, 28 - 31." type="journal article" year="2008">
Bejarano
<emphasis id="AAC012578B68FF913E58F914FB412F0E" box="[1103,1164,1770,1795]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">et al.</emphasis>
2008
</bibRefCitation>
: p. 29). The true distribution of this characteristic among the
<taxonomicName id="5FB4B5C68B68FF9138D9F8EFFCA22F27" box="[718,879,1809,1834]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Parasycorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AAC012578B68FF9138D9F8EFFCA22F27" box="[718,879,1809,1834]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Parasycorax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cannot be confirmed, however, because the description of
<taxonomicName id="5FB4B5C68B68FF913B57F8C6FE722F5C" box="[320,447,1848,1873]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Sycorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filipinae">
<emphasis id="AAC012578B68FF913B57F8C6FE722F5C" box="[320,447,1848,1873]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">P. filipinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
provided by
<bibRefCitation id="FC25B3B48B68FF91384DF8C9FD3B2F5C" author="Quate" box="[602,758,1847,1873]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" refString="Quate, L. W. (1965) A taxonomic study of Philippine Psychodidae (Diptera). Pacific Insects, 7, 815 - 902." type="journal article" year="1965">Quate (1965)</bibRefCitation>
is succinct and does not mention or illustrate these setae. The other group of small sensorial setae implanted at the base of gonocoxite was observed only in the two Brazilian species,
<emphasis id="AAC012578B68FF913B7AF87BFE242F93" box="[365,489,1925,1950]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">P. s a t c h e l l i</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="5FB4B5C68B68FF913831F87BFD552F93" box="[550,664,1925,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Sycorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidentis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="AAC012578B68FF913831F87BFD552F93" box="[550,664,1925,1950]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">P.bidentis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="AAC012578B68FF913888F87AFD2C2F93" bold="true" box="[671,737,1924,1950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F3AF2C8B68FF913888F87AFD2C2F93" box="[671,737,1924,1950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980BCE458B68FF963AD2F855FDE728D5" blockId="3.[151,1437,717,2028]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,152,216]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
It is somewhat surprising that the three Neotropical species of
<taxonomicName id="5FB4B5C68B68FF9139B7F855FBFB2FC9" box="[928,1078,1963,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Parasycorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AAC012578B68FF9139B7F855FBFB2FC9" box="[928,1078,1963,1988]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Parasycorax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were collected in tree crowns, and there is no information available concerning
<taxonomicName id="5FB4B5C68B68FF9138C3F82CFC9F2FE6" box="[724,850,2002,2027]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Sycorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filipinae">
<emphasis id="AAC012578B68FF9138C3F82CFC9F2FE6" box="[724,850,2002,2027]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">P. filipinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in that respect. It is possible that all of the species of
<taxonomicName id="5FB4B5C68B6FFF963AAEFF66FE9928BC" box="[185,340,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Parasycorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AAC012578B6FFF963AAEFF66FE9928BC" box="[185,340,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Parasycorax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(or at least the Neotropical species) live above the ground, but additional studies will be necessary to address this question.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>