1006 lines
126 KiB
XML
1006 lines
126 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.74.e112132" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2625-8498-74-359" ID-Pensoft-UUID="0093732061D556A1B81EB2FC413C9C2B" ID-ZooBank="46ABF5C0B34D40199A628257BF61F870" ModsDocID="2625-8498-74-359" checkinTime="1714220692401" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pawangkhanant, Parinya, Poyarkov, Nikolay A., Ward-Smith, Harry, Grassby-Lewis, Rupert, Sumontha, Montri, Kliukin, Nikita S., Idiiatullina, Sabira S., Trofimets, Alexei V., Suwannapoom, Chatmongkon & Lee, Justin L." docDate="2024" docId="098C93C6F8425B3F89B7891387E1CCFC" docLanguage="en" docName="VertZool 74: 359-379" docOrigin="Vertebrate Zoology 74" docPubDate="2024-04-26" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.74.e112132" docTitle="Oligodon speleoserpens Pawangkhanant & Poyarkov & Ward-Smith & Grassby-Lewis & Sumontha & Kliukin & Idiiatullina & Trofimets & Suwannapoom & Lee 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="37DE18D9-FD02-4DD3-9176-BD1A3655955B" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="2" id="0093732061D556A1B81EB2FC413C9C2B" lastPageNumber="359" masterDocId="0093732061D556A1B81EB2FC413C9C2B" masterDocTitle="A new species of karst-associated kukri snake (Reptilia: Squamata: Colubridae: Oligodon Fitzinger, 1826) from southern Thailand" masterLastPageNumber="379" masterPageNumber="359" pageNumber="359" updateTime="1714220994629" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="BEC0E5C7F1B5495E5224776844A04840">A new species of karst-associated kukri snake (Reptilia: Squamata: Colubridae: Oligodon Fitzinger, 1826) from southern Thailand</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E5903184B97FF6A672DF1284123B2802">Pawangkhanant, Parinya</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8A850DBB43C2FFDFF92627EDB2D5018B">Division of Fishery, School of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand 56000 & Rabbit in the Moon Foundation, 399, Village No. 3, Suan Phueng, Ratchaburi, 70180, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4F2AFF9F95791A2BD9FD0CE885A82634">Poyarkov, Nikolay A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="1B67EF8134DA30B591BF336F08729AD5" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7576-2283</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="46AF8D0AA1FC43462F6EFC40AD244F22">Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center, 63 Nguyen Van Huyen Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam & Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B95A2762976476840112517586FFA39F" type="email">n.poyarkov@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="E9F7BD5613FCC39EDE779A56CE1CEE15">Ward-Smith, Harry</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0B2368A3B6E753143169DF08FCAAB373">144 Coombe Lane, London, SW 20 0 BA, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0B246C389CC3015069D3E9FD9F98A6F1">Grassby-Lewis, Rupert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1A23843D2C9AC47B106A40D7CDDB3A72">Explore Herpetology, London, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7B225E6A5D881378102F7AAD6BD9B8CF">Sumontha, Montri</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0B6717EF4BE1F121134FB7198A61D218" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4829-7731</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="F7F796312BD72B2BC8BFFED5D9F8AD38">Ranong Marine Fisheries Research and Development Center, 157 Saphanpla Rd., Paknam, Muang, Ranong 85000, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="963E77F8E3D99A7EDE0116CD90839175">Kliukin, Nikita S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="11AF5B2F4B959238D3F6EB725DDB6025">Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5E31D050BB70198971751BF39A2337B7">Idiiatullina, Sabira S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B30008C5C0F185B1A31838C486DF0D92">Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0025E600432D658159E90943DE2C1E4D">Trofimets, Alexei V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F896344C95EC60687F9236E97C2FED88">Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="8BA6644A0A01977B76098CEBDCC73C30" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5E6412D50FF657AC2A5060BE04398B27">Suwannapoom, Chatmongkon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0F08B4A189BB345011D6CA86490524D1">Division of Fishery, School of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand 56000</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B9878AD41E59F5BD789609991895C716">Lee, Justin L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DED0FA120F9B72C3E484084C33D9D87B" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9782-8503</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="3F2E77846B2052285CE71A62029871C2">Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2354BD9C4150EF45E963C928D213E3D5" type="email">justinllee@verizon.net</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="247BB764C2CB6662F4423C7E48EA90FB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="F1EAE77178FB9D61DC92EFE4B4160D52">Vertebrate Zoology</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="CA355B5D27A7201D3F0E911FBC206FBF">
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<mods:date id="4F29B49D7CB249C39AE78C70EE47C072">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B93979FC61F2903825BE748D05E5D440">2024-04-26</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="CA0FD8C94928916DA02F1DE1E281E54B">74</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="DEDFDECE25F72300EE471584A8EE19BA">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.74.e112132</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="051F614DFA4C59A20FB14D6017BFB315">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="04BC575241C70ED124F8ECC9D097CD61" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.74.e112132</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="098C93C6F8425B3F89B7891387E1CCFC" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:37DE18D9-FD02-4DD3-9176-BD1A3655955B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/098C93C6F8425B3F89B7891387E1CCFC" lastPageNumber="359" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
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<subSubSection id="42DEAAB40D487C828B1042577B8F7FCD" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="08DAC19EF00E1FD411C16BAF66A0AFB0" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
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<taxonomicName id="A9BD3F50008AEF804CA4C87043B3DAC1" ID-CoL="88SV8" LSID="https://zoobank.org/37DE18D9-FD02-4DD3-9176-BD1A3655955B" authority="Pawangkhanant & Poyarkov & Ward-Smith & Grassby-Lewis & Sumontha & Kliukin & Idiiatullina & Trofimets & Suwannapoom & Lee, 2024" authorityName="Pawangkhanant & Poyarkov & Ward-Smith & Grassby-Lewis & Sumontha & Kliukin & Idiiatullina & Trofimets & Suwannapoom & Lee" authorityYear="2024" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon speleoserpens" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="speleoserpens" status="sp. nov.">Oligodon speleoserpens</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="72CCEF557E0D8B5D36EE4CE08646D79C" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C5A1E2AC5B63360F8B63F865C853DE5B" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E34FFF51237154FF08BC1E79960C7556" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
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<figureCitation id="38FD50D81E64457C721CF976268EBA7E" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Photographs of the holotype of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. (ZMMU Re- 17696, adult male) (a) dorsal and (b) ventral views in life. Photographs taken by Parinya Pawangkhanant." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e112132.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1034204" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Figures 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="785E0A1C5CC22FB8C54C624B1622A4D7" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Photographs of the holotype of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. (ZMMU Re- 17696, adult male) (a) right lateral, (b) dorsal and (c) ventral views of the head in life; (d) partially everted hemipenes; (e) venter at midbody, note the distinctly keeled ventral scales; and (f) underside of tail depicting a dark gray and white color pattern. Photographs by Parinya Pawangkhanant (a-c and e-f), and Mali Naiduangchan (d)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e112132.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1034205" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">, 4</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="532E410D639E072F0FF1245508B22739" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Photographs (a) of the holotype of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. (ZMMU Re- 17696, adult male) in life; (b) habitat at the type locality, Tham Le Stegodon cave, Satun Province, Thailand; (c) paratype of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. (ZMMU Re- 17697, adult female) in life from Tham Khao Ting cave, Trang Province, Thailand; and (d) uncollected adult male specimen of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. from the same locality as the paratype. Photos by Parinya Pawangkhanant (a, b), Nikolay A. Poyarkov (c), and Harry Ward-Smith (d)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e112132.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1034206" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">, 5</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="92C5BDA6FF2F8F859334F30415F41BA4" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" type="holotype">
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<paragraph id="EAFEEE2DEF336836A9BDA7C63BBCE146" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="360B4A50A1D0DD25DA5C3FC56FDDE89A" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
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ZMMU Re-17696 (field number ISS-128), adult male collected on 20 January 2023 at the entrance of Tham Le Stegodon Cave, Satun Province, Thailand (
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<geoCoordinate id="E297C7CA6D3FBC8D4B8290DB120B820A" degrees="7.158315" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="7.158315">7.158315°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="789CC62F52C01B270DDD1A93D96D6DBB" degrees="99.802631" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.80263">99.802631°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 28 meters elevation), by Parinya Pawangkhanant and Sabira S. Idiiatullina.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F54C8C6A9B4E16570867738C78462C8A" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" type="paratype">
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<paragraph id="326A17BFCB9BDFA213B2FAF39EFEBB24" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Paratype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B6AA789BDD9C7CB22347C007B4793657" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
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ZMMU Re-17697 (field number NAP-13128), adult female collected 24 September 2022 inside Tham Khao Ting Cave, Trang Province, Thailand (
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<geoCoordinate id="BC140B1BB56F99F7B516C41C70145214" degrees="7.158315" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="7.158315">7.158315°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="09B37FF644B536CBF81EFD8617CE9717" degrees="99.802631" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.80263">99.802631°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 12 meters elevation), by Nikolay A. Poyarkov, Nikita S. Kliukin, Chatmongkon Suwannapoom and Parinya Pawangkhanant.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="5F6946D65FD6B200DF562AB1F29568D3" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="43901FD3713F0D331FC7A6EE49EBBB75" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EFF0802EFB34CC0BB0A2070771CA8C59" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
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<taxonomicName id="F4CD7096A80B48FA0C71AEE0D7E70533" lsidName="O. speleoserpens" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
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<emphasis id="C2386ACDA03628C7515A1FDCD213AC58" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. speleoserpens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="3A075D64CDC4B9783E859DF8E2CF4ED8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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is referred to the genus
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<taxonomicName id="544DEEB28D6C97E5896B0184339567F7" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="AB11224969D7D3AB0143B57C78102359" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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based on the presence of enlarged blade-shaped maxillary teeth without a diastema, an elongate and subcylindrical body, and the presence of a large inflated rostral scale that blocks the internasal scales from contacting anteriorly (
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<bibRefCitation id="1F9984CFAAC52F0CD7A535B0B32ACA72" DOI="https://doi.org/10.26515/rzsi/v25/i3/1923/162698" author="Wall, F" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Indian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" pagination="305 - 334" refId="B119" refString="Wall, F, 1923. A review of the Indian species of the genus Oligodon suppressing the genus Simotes (Ophidia). Records of the Indian Museum 23: 305 - 334, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26515/rzsi/v25/i3/1923/162698" title="A review of the Indian species of the genus Oligodon suppressing the genus Simotes (Ophidia)." url="https://doi.org/10.26515/rzsi/v25/i3/1923/162698" volume="23" year="1923">Wall 1923</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="E71C4BA5EA47D0577682152361D15305" author="Smith, MA" journalOrPublisher="Taylor & Francis, London, xii" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" refId="B101" refString="Smith, MA, 1943. The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, Including the Whole of the Indo-Chinese Subregion. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III, Serpentes. Taylor & Francis, London, xii" title="The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, Including the Whole of the Indo-Chinese Subregion. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III, Serpentes." year="1943">Smith 1943</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A4866F525107FDD35C5247F8D402B7E4" author="David, P" journalOrPublisher="Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" refId="B25" refString="David, P, Teynie, A, Vogel, G, 2023. The Snakes of Laos. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main" title="The Snakes of Laos." year="2023">David et al. 2023</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It is distinguished from all other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4CC1E9EF4A015A5229A70A251D863ED0" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6447C1CA07ED8362DDF49F9C98CE1C2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the following combination of morphological characters: 1) head oblong-shaped with a truncated snout and slightly inflated rostral scale; 2) 8 maxillary teeth, with the posterior three teeth enlarged and blade-like; 3) dorsal scales in 19-17-15 rows (17-17-15 rows in one specimen); 4) reduction from 19 dorsal scale rows to 17 dorsal scale rows occurring at the 28th-30th ventral scale; 5) reduction from 17 dorsal scale rows to 15 dorsal scale rows occurring at the 100th-113th ventral scale; 6) cloacal plate entire; 7) 189-193 ventral scales (189-190 in male; 193 in female), distinctly keeled; 8) 47-54 paired subcaudal scales (47-54 in male; 48 in female); 9) 238-244 total body scales; 10) relative tail length 0.136-0.139 and subcaudal ratio 0.198-0.221; 11) 8 supralabials on either side of the head, with the fourth and fifth scales in contact with the orbit; 12) 9 infralabials on either side of the head with the first four scales in contact with the first pair of chin shields; 13) one loreal and one presubocular present; 14) 1+2 temporal scales; 15) dorsal color pattern uniform gray or grayish-brown without any markings or reticulations; 16) anterior half of ventral surface white with gray-brown irregularly shaped spots, posterior half immaculate dark gray, underside of tail splashed with white markings; 17) hemipenis bilobed with broad, awn-shaped lobes, simple sulcus spermaticus and smooth calyces.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3E1363DFF07CACE6ABA310F08B2F2962" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" type="comparisons">
|
||
<paragraph id="32520C4F9D436FBF6940F0586CE026E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Comparisons.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D7E8AAA3CC3FD7467877E84D1A695470" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
We compared
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D84399366497D0A24BA42E5DE45307BB" authorityName="Pawangkhanant & Poyarkov & Ward-Smith & Grassby-Lewis & Sumontha & Kliukin & Idiiatullina & Trofimets & Suwannapoom & Lee" authorityYear="2024" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon speleoserpens" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="CC381358E4CA14BC001C6CC3274E69A6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="CA6735B292EA57DE3A01CA73D40D4E0B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
with all other members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CCA0B1C1B23D92CA28D0FC28BCCB6C4" lsidName="O. cinereus" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="cinereus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7971EE1FB5C1C2AA33191EDAC6B5F2C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. cinereus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group and use Table S3 to compare it with other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6D6E1A344A4DB1B864AC8EDAFF0DAA64" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="426A4F73F5BD0E67A0FC398671961235" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
native to Thailand. Its uniform gray dorsum distinguishes most members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="329DB1F18A5937431DDF84CEB770FFED" lsidName="O. cinereus" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="cinereus">
|
||
<emphasis id="29FD014C1A1AEEFF97A1976BBDD64085" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. cinereus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group that have banded, cross-barred, or blotched dorsal color patterns; namely,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E4413432CD32FDD82C2073A9606ABB51" lsidName="O. albocinctus" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="albocinctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AF9557A1CBDFC92903E4E5C10F237A4D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. albocinctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="413E3E3DFC6967A1D3BE4DBDCC23539B" baseAuthorityName="Girard" baseAuthorityYear="1858" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon ancorus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ancorus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAE9AEF5995DCB043B2BAD955D89C973" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon ancorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Girard, 1857),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CA031EB0B1F660ABBBBC32F32AC5AD8F" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon kampucheanensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kampucheanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="4650B46AF9D667D7B0D158A552C74CBA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon kampucheanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Neang, Grismer and Daltry, 2012,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B2850217A6504CD406714F9855EEDCE" lsidName="O. lipipengi" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="lipipengi">
|
||
<emphasis id="FD2BC468ACFA394A42B45B3ADB747798" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. lipipengi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="501E177D508E69D176A499C5FB39742C" lsidName="O. nagao" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="nagao">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B4EE6C0A15EBD5A853F9071BB157D45" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. nagao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22D8FB6E7E4D6AAE9C386717B437E7FE" authorityName="Wall" authorityYear="1923" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon purpurascens" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="purpurascens">
|
||
<emphasis id="A96E83CC9FF7F547DC71DF723539ACCF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon purpurascens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Schlegel, 1837),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A87494BA6242F3B5751356F9082ED56B" lsidName="O. saiyok" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="saiyok">
|
||
<emphasis id="568752963C936589E1EBA9BC4B8F3E2D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. saiyok</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CAE337A69A844FC7159815445B3C5BC1" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon teyniei" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="teyniei">
|
||
<emphasis id="AE4AFFF38B56F6C297F782621108104E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon teyniei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
David, Hauser, and Vogel, 2022. Exceptions include
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9F99F65A1462F68299EBA61E2F286CC9" genus="O." lsidName="O." pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2C810EAA1B2E37AEE992AE4C91E7D82D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
"
|
||
<emphasis id="FCF4AE315B12B425D48C7A6D0BA324C5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">cinereus</emphasis>
|
||
",
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B2F7C4081155B774A355581E9B51D12" lsidName="O. huahin" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="huahin">
|
||
<emphasis id="8D807096B5558016F779ED7DD0E440E1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. huahin</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A2144265AF823E5BABF68FB9D0028548" lsidName="O. joynsoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="joynsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="3B8A58C461C574C6B22E0D5359407CB3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. joynsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56349CE04AEEFC3A004522E7B6E1B486" lsidName="O. inornatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="inornatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EC69B30B36C764109C3C7E5E2C72D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. inornatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="01A121317EBC61A4AF246985E83333A7" lsidName="O. phangan" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="phangan">
|
||
<emphasis id="88FE49F7490B35C4B63B53B29D6F582A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. phangan</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which have variable color patterns, or are uniform/reticulated dorsally. Between these congeners,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BE3FE5A2FF237DE71FC3DDE5BD3C9998" authorityName="Pawangkhanant & Poyarkov & Ward-Smith & Grassby-Lewis & Sumontha & Kliukin & Idiiatullina & Trofimets & Suwannapoom & Lee" authorityYear="2024" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon speleoserpens" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="115D8052BBE8BE248FDA7A0E636747EE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="FE84CAE09D1119CF85F02439BE3BE432" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
is most easily distinguished by usually having 19 anterior scale rows (vs. no more than 15 or 17 scale rows anywhere on the body; only one specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC73B9DE89507E75C7E579651D5665EA" authorityName="Pawangkhanant & Poyarkov & Ward-Smith & Grassby-Lewis & Sumontha & Kliukin & Idiiatullina & Trofimets & Suwannapoom & Lee" authorityYear="2024" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon speleoserpens" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="7A6D19AAF6EDF73A7DCE96B46E08B0A9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="FAB077505A2E5FF2EBB42C7F95B9ACE0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
with 17 anterior scale rows) with the reduction from 19 to 17 rows occurring between ventral scales 28 and 30.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="22D0A60E3EB34E555DD56B2ECB7BF241" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
More specifically,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C74CC7E57C843483B8886FE5F29A79E5" lsidName="O. speleoserpens" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="F07411AE2DDFC661BDDD846B1134C458" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="58B9287BB4259BD2459DA8327C7CB227" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
is distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DD3BE3A8D52CEBAC7B621A90B304F257" lsidName="O. huahin" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="huahin">
|
||
<emphasis id="99F794A751F47366FB24446144B245BF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. huahin</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having 189-193 ventrals (vs. 166-173 in males), 47-54 subcaudals (vs. 35-41 in males), 9 infralabials (vs. 7-8), dorsum dark gray (vs. dorsum uniform but lighter gray, tan or orange), and a dark gray venter without conspicuous dark spots or rectangular blotches on the posterior half (vs. venter plain white); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C3FF5A6320FDCB06E79FCD25B9A8B15" lsidName="O. inornatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="inornatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ED53A57757EF3C2E1D7BEE23FBF42414" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. inornatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having 189-193 ventrals (vs. 169-173), 47-54 subcaudals (vs. 31-43), 8 maxillary teeth (vs. 10-11), and a ventral coloration without conspicuous dark spots or rectangular blotches on the posterior half (vs. ventral surface with small square or rectangular spots); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2724099BED230A81739F7A0ADCC28B97" lsidName="O. joynsoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="joynsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="95BCA5378DB11F2892DC7554A818DD02" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. joynsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having 54 subcaudals in females (vs. 37-41 in females), relative tail length (TailLR) 0.139 in females (vs. 0.125-0.129 in females), 8 maxillary teeth (vs. 11-12), and a uniform gray or grayish-brown dorsum without crossbars or reticulations (vs. light tan, ochre brown or gray, narrow irregular shaped crossbars present on dorsal surface of body and tail); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0120DE1990D6C4F9586F81B44172BA42" lsidName="O. phangan" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="phangan">
|
||
<emphasis id="36A3F45330FCF8142DBFD50C1964B18A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. phangan</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having 189-193 ventrals (vs. 163-166), 47-54 subcaudals (vs. 33-42), 8 maxillary teeth (vs. 12), 9 infralabials (vs. 8), presubocular present (vs. absent), dorsum uniform gray or grayish-brown (vs. dorsum uniform orange-gray with indistinct vertebral lines present), and a ventral coloration without conspicuous dark spots or rectangular blotches on the posterior half (vs. ventral surface plain white); and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6E87318BAA3B5C3A00058334EAD4F219" lsidName="O. promsombuti" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="promsombuti">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF5EDDEB9919D1708D5309459C8C7A2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. promsombuti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having 189-193 ventrals (vs. 177), 47-54 subcaudals (vs. 40), 8 maxillary teeth (vs. 12), 9 infralabials (vs. 8), presubocular present (vs. absent), and a ventral coloration without conspicuous dark spots or rectangular blotches on the posterior half (vs. venter with large rectangular blotches across entire ventral surface).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C17A2299DEC57CE19048325E07A6D016" lsidName="O. speleoserpens" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="428D65BD19AEEEACBD0CD1A93AF50748" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="2093DFBFC382C89B649E6FBBF97CE895" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
differs from all clades hitherto referred to as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="588DC1B757D651F53283A1C63317906B" genus="O." lsidName="O." pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4390698C67028D3B0C34B4EDC0907177" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
"
|
||
<emphasis id="E6F0FFC6F3AA53E4EB18403174E3B2CA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">cinereus</emphasis>
|
||
" (including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EC79ADCA5FDE6495CF654D9C580F0D7A" lsidName="O. cinereus" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="cinereus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C7CEAAC6E548B72DB22B9119982C313" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. cinereus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu stricto) by having 189-193 ventral scales (vs. no more than 186), 47-54 subcaudals (vs. no more than 45), 8 maxillary teeth (vs. 10-13), and 9 infralabials (vs. usually 7-8, rarely 9). Moreover, the posterior portion of the venter is dark and uniform colored in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A6CEC5E465EE35564E1410D78AA83554" lsidName="O. speleoserpens" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="95BE21A5D7ACECC5BD15F4E8880AE1AA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="9B47E5E9E742FDB5AC008F063EAE0B3B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
, whereas uniform or reticulated colored populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="08916E6A6E4D5322DD800E137A12317F" genus="O." lsidName="O." pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="448CC1B5725BDC601BEB7CFAB014D9AA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
"
|
||
<emphasis id="59250810515143372A16EFF02D4AA14F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">cinereus</emphasis>
|
||
" we examined (Appendix S1) have an immaculate venter with rectangular spots or blotches on the lateral edge of each ventral scale. The ventral underside of the tail, which is dark gray smeared with minimal white markings, is found in all specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EEC9D7E89B720122C32BBC352DCAD136" lsidName="O. speleoserpens" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="EDC0FA5393F431C7861B8142623529F5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="9B730AE1D0FC03F754373372B63E9F09" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
and is absent in all uniformly patterned
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA3A794EA90511029B39E792E4CB6C67" genus="O." lsidName="O." pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="556596221AB37E9896BBB8CF7EF3C5D5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
"
|
||
<emphasis id="BA916A2A1D1F6F2D6FBD2188584317AB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">cinereus</emphasis>
|
||
", as well as most other members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A0D3F51D427D78BA8FEB26312571CF4" lsidName="O. cinereus" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="cinereus">
|
||
<emphasis id="47D5FC31E68D886C0FCC89F7B313DE7F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. cinereus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species complex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E5D90209F06DA80AF29947E0F79E73E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
Five additional species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BA4E393943ED19546A5AAF3F2EACC7F3" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F5357D5BF8565858FF24178EFFB5E9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
outside of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDA87D00A1AC1E4B7ACEE3160DABCE6E" lsidName="O. cinereus" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="cinereus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F3AA625FE5E7491538C776DA00D0E71D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. cinereus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group may occur in close proximity with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7552CD4D102F7C0588B07B0E8E246178" lsidName="O. speleoserpens" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C726518B1AEF901B672F0A571D8BF163" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="11FB4D691914724290A610EA402944FD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
and are thus compared here.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F53152E54200DFB77483D15AC3A15240" authorityName="Pawangkhanant & Poyarkov & Ward-Smith & Grassby-Lewis & Sumontha & Kliukin & Idiiatullina & Trofimets & Suwannapoom & Lee" authorityYear="2024" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon speleoserpens" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="98FE9E38989F13D5799FC73BE72DF6DC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="70050B1EF3C65EAD6057A5A4659EBD5E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
differs from members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1518D00575139AFC958399BA05DFAA26" lsidName="O. cyclurus-taeniatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="cyclurus-taeniatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AAA4BC3CCD065631BA8AF0695804443A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. cyclurus-taeniatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group found in the same area of southern Thailand, namely
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F89FCE0B86D91D345EF6780C2A14E927" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1864" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BBA52BDD01E4AED9CEC8AAFA0FC72E6A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D3C52B94E67FD60D540FC2C5577DDBB7" originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1864),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A5B34567AC92C8D17BD884B78305D2" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1914" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon mouhoti" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mouhoti">
|
||
<emphasis id="40EDF9F56AE2E0FE83AEBC17DF607184" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon mouhoti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Boulenger, 1914) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="213BAE045A00F8415C14AF8ECB6C8EF7" lsidName="O. taeniatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="taeniatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="93A02D0EAE4A8B89AB1D335926740D51" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. taeniatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by its uniform dark-olive dorsum without any conspicuous head markings (vs. ligher brown dorsum with a well-defined series of vertebral stripes [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3A7847963C7A1967E6110A6D70F71E0B" lsidName="O. mouhoti" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="mouhoti">
|
||
<emphasis id="06F74374591D623480A632632C366F01" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. mouhoti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5A64B0ECB6E953B7059D43FB63D28EB4" lsidName="O. taeniatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="taeniatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEEB55918ED51BB400DA936AD0BDD07B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. taeniatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
] or series of large blotches [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3BE3083A6C4179D64345C26C27C86762" lsidName="O. fasciolatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="23DD11541E1560F6AD93F8B3F362A8AE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
], in addition to the presence of conspicuous nuchal and temporal markings on the head). Next,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A1179BB1975800EA83BE0FF55DF2DB" lsidName="O. speleoserpens" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="73410E8F7A6D3D443F3CC5170E14ACEA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="ED4BFC5E1B0D8F83C31F7D8485B9E327" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
most easily differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7095D542211D04C4FADB9919EC573FDD" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1864" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon signatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="signatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="33F60CB04A14597BE7489112FB658AD0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon signatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C798128360B1334B34FFBBBAE0C97E29" originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1864), restricted to a few provinces at the southern end of Thailand (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="ECD7A945A7FACF093085104475A39370" DOI="https://doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2021-28-3-152-162" author="Pawangkhanant, P" journalOrPublisher="Russian Journal of Herpetology" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" pagination="152 - 162" refId="B82" refString="Pawangkhanant, P, Smits, T, Dugdale, I, Yimyoo, K, Nguyen, TV, Suwannapoom, C, Poyarkov, NA, 2021. Photographic records of reptiles from Yala and Narathiwat provinces reveal seven new species for Thailand. Russian Journal of Herpetology 28: 152 - 162, DOI: https://doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2021-28-3-152-162" title="Photographic records of reptiles from Yala and Narathiwat provinces reveal seven new species for Thailand." url="https://doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2021-28-3-152-162" volume="28" year="2021">Pawangkhanant et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), by its uniform dorsum (vs. dark gray with a series of reddish-brown blotches), 8 supralabials (vs. 7) and two postoculars (vs. only one). Finally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92133086CFD5988C77D6706500B82053" lsidName="O. speleoserpens" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="28330EA8AEFDF454B117AAF3041EE14D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="78C883A43D85D219EFDAD3233D0995CD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F14112804641C9A4E1EBDB3832E804AB" authorityName="Pauwels, Wallach, David, Chanhome" authorityYear="2002" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon jintakunei" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jintakunei">
|
||
<emphasis id="595C526EDBD5383662A1364649AD8F57" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon jintakunei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="768F8D05BCD25C6CCC5EF0027E9454ED" author="Pauwels, OSG" journalOrPublisher="Tropical Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" pagination="7 - 18" refId="B86" refString="Pauwels, OSG, Wallach, V, David, P, Chanhome, L, 2002. A new species of Oligodon Fitzinger, 1826 (Serpentes, Colubridae) from southern Peninsular Thailand. Tropical Natural History 2: 7 - 18" title="A new species of Oligodon Fitzinger, 1826 (Serpentes, Colubridae) from southern Peninsular Thailand." volume="2" year="2002">Pauwels et al., 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, known from just one specimen allegedly from Krabi Province, by its uniform dorsum (vs. distinct black and white crossbars) and by possessing an entire cloacal plate (vs. divided). Additional characters distinguishing each species can be found in Table S3.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="64D8179CF3FFE20D50DB6B88FE98C590" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="6072E5ACFB28E5654AE75A3FDBA3D75F" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Description of the holotype.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="003D40DED09E1EBFB70406E20F6B19C2" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
Adult male specimen in excellent condition immediately after preservation (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="117CD594B8AF9B551430177DCC97B585" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Photographs of the holotype of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. (ZMMU Re- 17696, adult male) (a) dorsal and (b) ventral views in life. Photographs taken by Parinya Pawangkhanant." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e112132.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1034204" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Small ventral incisions at tail base and at midbody. SVL 601 mm, TailL 95 mm (TotalL 696 mm). HeadL 16.7 mm, HeadW 11.5 mm, HeadD 8.6 mm, SnoutL 5.3 mm, EyeD 2.7 mm, EyeLip 2.6, FrontalL 5.3 mm, FrontalW 4.3, IOD 6.5, IND 4.4 mm; RostralW 4.9. TailLR 0.136, HeadW/L 0.69, SnoutL/HeadL 0.32, EyeD/SnoutL 0.51, EyeD/HeadL 0.16, FrontalL/W 1.23. Body elongated and cylindrical in cross section; head oblong, only slightly distinct from neck (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="9961606201E7F073DF768A8E5E44B7C8" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Photographs of the holotype of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. (ZMMU Re- 17696, adult male) (a) right lateral, (b) dorsal and (c) ventral views of the head in life; (d) partially everted hemipenes; (e) venter at midbody, note the distinctly keeled ventral scales; and (f) underside of tail depicting a dark gray and white color pattern. Photographs by Parinya Pawangkhanant (a-c and e-f), and Mali Naiduangchan (d)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e112132.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1034205" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">4a, b</figureCitation>
|
||
); snout narrowing in dorsal view, in lateral view slightly truncate; snout tip subterminal near mouth; eyes moderately sized relative to head, pupil round; nostrils small and subelliptical, pointed laterally; lips curving upwards posteriorly along the last supralabial; tail broad at base, tapering gradually to a blunt terminal scute (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="E80363978CC71A27B06D89352DC57B24" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Photographs of the holotype of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. (ZMMU Re- 17696, adult male) (a) right lateral, (b) dorsal and (c) ventral views of the head in life; (d) partially everted hemipenes; (e) venter at midbody, note the distinctly keeled ventral scales; and (f) underside of tail depicting a dark gray and white color pattern. Photographs by Parinya Pawangkhanant (a-c and e-f), and Mali Naiduangchan (d)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e112132.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1034205" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">4f</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="870B11C73EA47DF57C8BE807275FE27B" doi="10.3897/vz.74.e112132.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1034204" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph id="27BCA66D14E2C4E8E6570840925033AA" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<emphasis id="F67158A1DA3A4A56EC41816367E8FE1A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Photographs of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20C328F8F2A7D63BE49BDA95C5EB062B" authorityName="Pawangkhanant & Poyarkov & Ward-Smith & Grassby-Lewis & Sumontha & Kliukin & Idiiatullina & Trofimets & Suwannapoom & Lee" authorityYear="2024" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon speleoserpens" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="76E0BC91A14F70A8F912544335C6ECBA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="FBCAA0A931F499EDF31FAFDEEF942A35" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
(ZMMU Re-17696, adult male) (
|
||
<emphasis id="8DCA87342979D489323557EE9F28033F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">a</emphasis>
|
||
) dorsal and (
|
||
<emphasis id="3C97C37E044FF96EC25F5F14E4034F06" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">b</emphasis>
|
||
) ventral views in life. Photographs taken by Parinya Pawangkhanant.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="227FE48639CEB597CDA5746D4E3C7922" doi="10.3897/vz.74.e112132.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1034205" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph id="060850F45B74D782E9342F8F58720D24" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<emphasis id="430A1A3CF79227C09EBB70A1FCC4FFA8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Photographs of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="234FABF81A5D435604F9735010C87652" authorityName="Pawangkhanant & Poyarkov & Ward-Smith & Grassby-Lewis & Sumontha & Kliukin & Idiiatullina & Trofimets & Suwannapoom & Lee" authorityYear="2024" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon speleoserpens" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="518C5E787A795324C89DFC92A1A3C89B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="C6EA494659978F3085FF929640C1A9B1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
(ZMMU Re-17696, adult male) (
|
||
<emphasis id="40ECE21B0C2A611F49BF35B725AADC2B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">a</emphasis>
|
||
) right lateral, (
|
||
<emphasis id="A5C561EB1FFA634DC07F5B2766980D59" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">b</emphasis>
|
||
) dorsal and (
|
||
<emphasis id="D3E861774648AC6A669497D1953A5F48" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">c</emphasis>
|
||
) ventral views of the head in life; (
|
||
<emphasis id="A83FF77FBEBF1C18B011015A81117057" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">d</emphasis>
|
||
) partially everted hemipenes; (
|
||
<emphasis id="690743C991F7F4137F5C642381A7F34A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">e</emphasis>
|
||
) venter at midbody, note the distinctly keeled ventral scales; and (
|
||
<emphasis id="C90D166947D6449F42B17594B67D5845" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">f</emphasis>
|
||
) underside of tail depicting a dark gray and white color pattern. Photographs by Parinya Pawangkhanant (a-c and e-f), and Mali Naiduangchan (d).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="DC3DCADDB5CF31977624B26A5E4A3147" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
Rostral distinctly enlarged and inflated, wider than high, triangular in dorsal view, partially separating the anterior half of internasals (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9AB00E7463C91E9AEEC0F0A4067FCF5" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Photographs of the holotype of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. (ZMMU Re- 17696, adult male) (a) right lateral, (b) dorsal and (c) ventral views of the head in life; (d) partially everted hemipenes; (e) venter at midbody, note the distinctly keeled ventral scales; and (f) underside of tail depicting a dark gray and white color pattern. Photographs by Parinya Pawangkhanant (a-c and e-f), and Mali Naiduangchan (d)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e112132.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1034205" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">4b</figureCitation>
|
||
); posterior rostral scale suture bordering the internasals
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B0D97B02A341D8DE10054A49725037A8" originalValue="“deep-V”">"deep-V"</normalizedToken>
|
||
shaped, creating a narrow obtuse angle (~100
|
||
<normalizedToken id="625684F8E1BCE7D839C15C26B5BD9342" originalValue="º">°</normalizedToken>
|
||
); internasals subrectangular, 1.7
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E56824108CE1E8C51BAE192E9F3AE4EE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
wider than long, anterior suture of each scale rounded and concave, both scales oriented obliquely and posteromedially in dorsal profile; prefrontals subpentagonal, 1.5
|
||
<normalizedToken id="25B4DC055D7B3BDF8122A578F8B5BA43" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
wider than long, 1.4
|
||
<normalizedToken id="558CD4242D417AB1B8D40C8471696F2B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than suture dividing both internasals, 1.2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F4947B6B1879284D253E83135DFCA4DF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
wider than internasals, anterior suture bordering each internasal slightly rounded, concave; frontal pentagonal and shield shaped, longer than wide, anterior suture bordering prefrontals straightened; frontal 2.3
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2D9800E64052C19615529B5CC6C911CC" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than prefrontals; eyes placed posterior to anterior edge of frontal; angle formed by sutures producing the posterior vertex of frontal a narrow obtuse angle (~99
|
||
<normalizedToken id="33BBF624CB3E3B4BA659FDADBB3CA11A" originalValue="º">°</normalizedToken>
|
||
); supraoculars subrectangular, 1.8
|
||
<normalizedToken id="626C8BED6DB43FBDFF09B5B222552108" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than wide, 0.7
|
||
<normalizedToken id="26C1FB9EDB210A736B0A2AE6699CCF4A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as frontal; parietals subpentagonal, 1.3
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2436D9C2FBF8941CBD8C68F68545EB1F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than wide, width of each scale 1.1
|
||
<normalizedToken id="99E540D7AB2BDD8AE8A27308AD3014D6" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than parietal suture; posterior suture of parietals straightened; frontal and parietal approximately equal in length; frontal 1.4
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C8ACFD520A6C8CAFE67AFB3D2408AAE1" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than parietal suture; anterior angle formed by the sutures between the parietal/frontal and the supraocular/parietal a broad obtuse angle (~130
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FDE826593214BABBE8BCFDE11EC084C2" originalValue="º">°</normalizedToken>
|
||
) with the lateral ray oriented slightly posterolaterally. Nasal scale rectangular, longer than wide, fully divided (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="A27C774F473E2F5663F99E1DE47BCACE" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Photographs of the holotype of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. (ZMMU Re- 17696, adult male) (a) right lateral, (b) dorsal and (c) ventral views of the head in life; (d) partially everted hemipenes; (e) venter at midbody, note the distinctly keeled ventral scales; and (f) underside of tail depicting a dark gray and white color pattern. Photographs by Parinya Pawangkhanant (a-c and e-f), and Mali Naiduangchan (d)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e112132.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1034205" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">4a</figureCitation>
|
||
); loreal 1/1, small, squared, slightly higher than long, less than half the size of nasal; supralabials 8/8; with 4th and 5th supralabials in contact with orbit; 6th supralabial largest, 1st supralabial smallest; all supralabials in broad contact; preoculars 1/1, wider than long; presubocular 1/1, less than half the size of preocular; postoculars 2/2, uppermost postocular slightly larger; anterior temporal 1/1; posterior temporals 2/2, all scales longer than wide; infralabials 9/9 in all specimens, first pair contacting each other, 4/4 infralabials in contact with anterior chin shields; 5th infralabial largest, 2nd and 9th infralabials smallest; mental subtriangular, wider than long; small, indistinct mental groove present, starting from border of 1st pair of infralabials and terminating past posterior pair of chin shields; both pairs of chin shields subrectangular, anterior pair 1.4
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F1B3D8BB1E82C6DE418D6E0F94156471" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than posterior pair.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8864EEDD64F3F8C65F2BD7FAFDD1BC0A" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
Dorsal scale rows 19-17-15, smooth throughout, without apical pits; dorsal scale reduction from 19 rows to 17 rows occurring at 30th ventral scale on either side of body; reduction from 17 rows to 15 rows occurring at 100th ventral scale on either side; preventrals 2 and ventral scales 189; lateral edges of each ventral scale with discrete lateral keeling; subcaudals 54, paired; total body scales 244; subcaudal ratio 0.221; cloacal plate entire. Maxillary teeth 8, posterior two teeth enlarged, laterally compressed, blade-like. The partially everted hemipenes is bilobed and weakly calyculate (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="3993A6396FE6CD8521AE3B9700D9BCCC" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Photographs of the holotype of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. (ZMMU Re- 17696, adult male) (a) right lateral, (b) dorsal and (c) ventral views of the head in life; (d) partially everted hemipenes; (e) venter at midbody, note the distinctly keeled ventral scales; and (f) underside of tail depicting a dark gray and white color pattern. Photographs by Parinya Pawangkhanant (a-c and e-f), and Mali Naiduangchan (d)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e112132.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1034205" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">4d</figureCitation>
|
||
). The base of the organ and most of the capitulum is bulbous and covered with small smooth calycles. The sulcus spermaticus is simple, indistinct, extending from the base of the organ and terminating at the point of bifurcation. Both apical lobes are large, nude, and rounded distally, lacking any ornamentation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2B4DB195F605242D8D3A980A52CAF15F" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" type="coloration in life and preservative">
|
||
<paragraph id="97872B3A018BB42CD35D6BE1E4673BAD" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Coloration in life and preservative.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="453DFC5F869E751502F96DC25253ED29" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
In life, dorsal ground color ashy gray, margins of most dorsal scales edged with black, but distinct reticulations absent (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="5E63C7EDA599BB298B95802AD67D31C8" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Photographs of the holotype of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. (ZMMU Re- 17696, adult male) (a) dorsal and (b) ventral views in life. Photographs taken by Parinya Pawangkhanant." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e112132.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1034204" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">3a</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="59A95311ED3BF4DAB54708386F9600E5" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Photographs (a) of the holotype of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. (ZMMU Re- 17696, adult male) in life; (b) habitat at the type locality, Tham Le Stegodon cave, Satun Province, Thailand; (c) paratype of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. (ZMMU Re- 17697, adult female) in life from Tham Khao Ting cave, Trang Province, Thailand; and (d) uncollected adult male specimen of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. from the same locality as the paratype. Photos by Parinya Pawangkhanant (a, b), Nikolay A. Poyarkov (c), and Harry Ward-Smith (d)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e112132.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1034206" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">5a</figureCitation>
|
||
); scattered small reddish-orange mottling interspaced across dorsal surface of the tail and neck. Dorsal portion of head brown (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="D96DA1BB3539912C5B3BDDD9A48C690A" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Photographs of the holotype of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. (ZMMU Re- 17696, adult male) (a) right lateral, (b) dorsal and (c) ventral views of the head in life; (d) partially everted hemipenes; (e) venter at midbody, note the distinctly keeled ventral scales; and (f) underside of tail depicting a dark gray and white color pattern. Photographs by Parinya Pawangkhanant (a-c and e-f), and Mali Naiduangchan (d)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e112132.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1034205" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">4b</figureCitation>
|
||
); a very indistinct temporal bar on each side of the head across the supraoculars, frontal, and medial region of the parietals; a dark, hued, and indistinct nuchal chevron present at the medial region of each parietal, descending posterolaterally towards the neck; remainder of head plain, bottommost portion of supralabials light brown (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="6488DF707EE9E3232E25D1CF337EDC07" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Photographs of the holotype of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. (ZMMU Re- 17696, adult male) (a) right lateral, (b) dorsal and (c) ventral views of the head in life; (d) partially everted hemipenes; (e) venter at midbody, note the distinctly keeled ventral scales; and (f) underside of tail depicting a dark gray and white color pattern. Photographs by Parinya Pawangkhanant (a-c and e-f), and Mali Naiduangchan (d)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e112132.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1034205" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">4a</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ventral surface of head white, dark brown hueing along lateralmost margins of first 5 infralabials; the anterior third of the venter is white, with long irregular gray blotches first visible along the seventh ventral scale; these blotches continue to merge until the venter is uniform and dark gray for the remaining two thirds of the body; discrete keeling present on the edges of each ventral scale light gray, forming a subtle longitudinal stripe along each side of the venter until the tail base. The underside of the tail is dark gray, with white pigment present midventrally until its posterior half, which is completely white until the last few subcaudals and the terminal scute. In preservative, coloration overall very similar, except the dorsum is darker gray.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="4B15AE79589FC848FB039D2BB390B169" doi="10.3897/vz.74.e112132.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1034206" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
||
<paragraph id="08E6171287006AC563291449CCB8B8E3" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<emphasis id="412695073F2BC26EBC751526C043D181" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Photographs (
|
||
<emphasis id="5A9B1693E9A43541944AA53DC728DE85" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">a</emphasis>
|
||
) of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3A2147A02C0F9A1C7312F17838010D6D" authorityName="Pawangkhanant & Poyarkov & Ward-Smith & Grassby-Lewis & Sumontha & Kliukin & Idiiatullina & Trofimets & Suwannapoom & Lee" authorityYear="2024" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon speleoserpens" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="223F4E536F7772984C74806EDAD17D44" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="7AA0D5D7B6DDC08EF4FD97676CB4076E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
(ZMMU Re-17696, adult male) in life; (
|
||
<emphasis id="FD00D13420FE934196D450F43ED4C725" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">b</emphasis>
|
||
) habitat at the type locality, Tham Le Stegodon cave, Satun Province, Thailand; (
|
||
<emphasis id="5B6CFC3ED16E3DDF91423DC2C80E768B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">c</emphasis>
|
||
) paratype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E27A361CA7C58CF6559BF55E42C3690A" authorityName="Pawangkhanant & Poyarkov & Ward-Smith & Grassby-Lewis & Sumontha & Kliukin & Idiiatullina & Trofimets & Suwannapoom & Lee" authorityYear="2024" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon speleoserpens" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="5BE5F80B43411C34FFDE85711B9E41A0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5DFE5736DF488744491B7E6F2F366D79" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
(ZMMU Re-17697, adult female) in life from Tham Khao Ting cave, Trang Province, Thailand; and (
|
||
<emphasis id="20A2A3DD1ABB8E2FA13727D446B7B9BD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">d</emphasis>
|
||
) uncollected adult male specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C456608016B15C04DCCAD6FF35738693" authorityName="Pawangkhanant & Poyarkov & Ward-Smith & Grassby-Lewis & Sumontha & Kliukin & Idiiatullina & Trofimets & Suwannapoom & Lee" authorityYear="2024" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon speleoserpens" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="D8C2B2570AF0EC25B1D44F8BC1FC4C7A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="91008CAD0712738B0DD7F0DA40292CA5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
from the same locality as the paratype. Photos by Parinya Pawangkhanant (a, b), Nikolay A. Poyarkov (c), and Harry Ward-Smith (d).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="21B1566B6AC9FCC2CA4123D215CB1E26" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="C3520EB7B49152405BF91E2154D6359D" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Description of the paratype and variation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DB31CE3DD50C7C223B3D861BFDF1C8D2" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
The adult female paratype (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="759BD44012E204754229C943AF9CF0C6" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Photographs (a) of the holotype of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. (ZMMU Re- 17696, adult male) in life; (b) habitat at the type locality, Tham Le Stegodon cave, Satun Province, Thailand; (c) paratype of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. (ZMMU Re- 17697, adult female) in life from Tham Khao Ting cave, Trang Province, Thailand; and (d) uncollected adult male specimen of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. from the same locality as the paratype. Photos by Parinya Pawangkhanant (a, b), Nikolay A. Poyarkov (c), and Harry Ward-Smith (d)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e112132.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1034206" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">5c</figureCitation>
|
||
) agrees in almost all scalation and mensural aspects of the holotype, with a few exceptions. The paratype has a small anterior portion of the dorsum with past injuries, and small ventral incisions at the tail base and midbody. Measurements of the paratype are as follows: SVL 681 mm, TailL 110 mm (TotalL 791 mm). HeadL 16.5 mm, HeadW 14.0 mm, HeadD 10.6 mm, SnoutL 7.6 mm, EyeD 2.7 mm, EyeLip 2.9, FrontalL 5.6 mm, FrontalW 4.7, IOD 8.0, IND 5.7 mm; RostralW 4.9. TailLR 0.139, HeadW/L 0.85, SnoutL/HeadL 0.46, EyeD/SnoutL 0.36, EyeD/HeadL 0.16, FrontalL/W 1.19. Body elongated, cylindrical in cross section. Head oblong, only slightly distinct from neck. Snout more elongate in lateral view than the holotype; snout tip subterminal near mouth; eyes moderately sized relative to head, pupil round; nostrils small, subelliptical, pointed in lateral view; mouth with lips curving upwards posteriorly across the last supralabial; tail gradually tapering to a blunt terminal scute.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0792C23FAC57DF1C37BAE5D9643B91A0" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
Rostral wider than high, triangular in dorsal view; posterior scale suture of rostral bordering internasals
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5ACA1C2042503D5CA10F57CC54E836F5" originalValue="“deep-V”">"deep-V"</normalizedToken>
|
||
shaped, creating a narrow obtuse angle (~100
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F582548311C366DB116099DE4F90C559" originalValue="º">°</normalizedToken>
|
||
, same as holotype); internasals subrectangular, 2.3
|
||
<normalizedToken id="BE8704603130E03192659FD7497FC748" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
wider than long, anterior sutures rounded, concave; prefrontals subpentagonal, 2.4
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CD340E32AD60AF0B55E75322ABC460D5" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
wider than long, 1.3
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0CC7162FCA18A43863D3D00E3861F55B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than internasals, anterior sutures bordering each internasal also rounded; prefrontals 1.3
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0ECF1F4E80518073DD9C4A159F6EE169" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
wider than internasals; frontal pentagonal, shield shaped, 1.2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="547B0115BACA3CF32F1BF0EEF4801E29" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than wide, anterior suture bordering each prefrontal straightened; frontal 1.4
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B7BFDDB9BD030D243A5F9617F5DC08BB" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than prefrontals; eyes placed posterior relative to the anterior edge of frontal; angle formed by suture producing the posterior vertex of frontal a narrow obtuse angle (~96
|
||
<normalizedToken id="10715280E5C12B3EF34B48F6F0548866" originalValue="º">°</normalizedToken>
|
||
); supraoculars subrectangular, 1.4
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CCC8B67E2BA945B4EF071DB2CBEA96AD" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than wide, 1.3
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F7E65E1A47A66FA12286D9627695BC98" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
shorter than frontal; parietals subpentagonal, 1.2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="146483F17E11CAB06AB14C4573C070C1" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than wide, width of each scale 1.2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="43F72A035CD5BD2A8009B905D0526200" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than parietal suture, posterior suture of parietals straightened; length of parietals approximately 1.1
|
||
<normalizedToken id="70A1004292156B1DA6B6C6531C76A2BB" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than frontal; frontal 1.1
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8F1D1FF233F555CEC3631E4A5554593B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than parietal suture; anterior angle formed by the sutures between the parietal/frontal and supraocular/parietal a broad obtuse angle (~131
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9D67356D6FA178F17C5E0D72DA821189" originalValue="º">°</normalizedToken>
|
||
) with its lateral ray pointing somewhat posterolaterally. Nasal scale rectangular, longer than wide, fully divided; loreal 1/1, small and square shaped, 1.2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B38D84389AA8F945B5DB2955A3DD0DB1" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than high, less than half the size of nasal; supralabials 8/8; with 4th and 5th supralabial in contact with orbit; 6th supralabial largest, 1st supralabial smallest; all supralabials in broad contact; preoculars 1/1, wider than long; presubocular 1/1, less than half the size of preocular; postoculars 2/2, uppermost postocular slightly larger in size; anterior temporal 1/1; posterior temporals 2/2; infralabials 9/9 in all specimens, first pair in contact, 4/4 infralabials in contact with anterior chin shields; 5th infralabial largest, both 2nd and 9th infralabials smallest; mental subtriangular, wider than long; small, indistinct mental groove present, condition identical to holotype; chin shields subrectangular, anterior pair 1.2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="58390B8B0F497C9D074644E7EE00F973" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than posterior pair.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="947E001C12CE51BEF644B1EC14F79D5B" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Dorsal scale rows 19-17-15, scale ornamentation like holotype; dorsal scale reduction from 19 rows to 17 rows occurring at the 28th ventral scale; reduction from 17 rows to 15 rows occurring at the 113th ventral scale; preventrals 2, ventral scales 193, distinctly keeled; subcaudals 48, paired; total body scales 242; subcaudal ratio 0.198; cloacal plate entire. Maxillary teeth 8, posterior two teeth enlarged and blade-like.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="72BC9A710E45AB3CED0029C634FAA5C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
In life, dorsal ground color dark olive-gray (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="9D36BEF51BE9564C636D05B211DF12A4" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Photographs (a) of the holotype of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. (ZMMU Re- 17696, adult male) in life; (b) habitat at the type locality, Tham Le Stegodon cave, Satun Province, Thailand; (c) paratype of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. (ZMMU Re- 17697, adult female) in life from Tham Khao Ting cave, Trang Province, Thailand; and (d) uncollected adult male specimen of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. from the same locality as the paratype. Photos by Parinya Pawangkhanant (a, b), Nikolay A. Poyarkov (c), and Harry Ward-Smith (d)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e112132.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1034206" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">5c</figureCitation>
|
||
), plain, edges of each dorsal scale slightly darker, distinct reticulations absent; a very indistinct pair of vertebral stripes present from nape to vent; scattered, small reddish-orange mottling interspaced across dorsal surface of tail; tail tip dark gray. Dorsal portion of head olive-brown; indistinct ocular and temporal bar present on each side of head, both subdued, dark brown, present across the supraoculars, frontal and medial portion of the parietals; remainder of head plain olive-brown, bottommost portion of supralabials light gray. Ventral surface of head also light gray, darker hueing along lateralmost margins of the first four infralabials; anterior third of ventral surface white with small irregularly-shaped olive-gray mottling; posterior two thirds of the venter plain dark gray; keel along ventral scales forming a narrow light-gray stripe present until the vent. Ventral surface of tail dark gray, less white pigment than holotype, anterior half similar to ventral surface of body, posterior half with small white spotting at midline until tail tip. After preservation, coloration very similar but head markings completely subdued and dorsal coloration darker gray, matching the coloration of the ventral surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5B6FD50FC851D73D34921555278858FA" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
Morphological data of another male individual from the same locality as the paratype were collected by two of us (HWS and RGL; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="0CB012F79B16910FAF6BA5205E9260E9" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Photographs (a) of the holotype of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. (ZMMU Re- 17696, adult male) in life; (b) habitat at the type locality, Tham Le Stegodon cave, Satun Province, Thailand; (c) paratype of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. (ZMMU Re- 17697, adult female) in life from Tham Khao Ting cave, Trang Province, Thailand; and (d) uncollected adult male specimen of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. from the same locality as the paratype. Photos by Parinya Pawangkhanant (a, b), Nikolay A. Poyarkov (c), and Harry Ward-Smith (d)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e112132.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1034206" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">5d</figureCitation>
|
||
) shortly after capture (see Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="0E345A1066B9C24EE90B80ACFE1FDF9E" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Selected morphological counts of all three specimens of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. All linear measurements are in millimeters, with abbreviations matching those listed in the materials and methods section." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/63C3DF011605CC6461A8C346AD823639" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" tableUuid="63C3DF011605CC6461A8C346AD823639">1</tableCitation>
|
||
for more information). The uncollected specimen from Tham Khao Ting cave agrees with the paratype in most features except it has 17 anterior dorsal scale rows compared to the 19 rows found in both type specimens (total dorsal scale row formula: 17-17-15). The dorsum is ashy gray with dark edges on each dorsal scale, as observed in the type series. The indistinct temporal bar and nuchal chevron present in the holotype are extremely subdued and essentially absent. The venter is white anteriorly with small gray and irregularly shaped markings along the anterior third of the body before becoming plain and dark gray along its remaining posterior two thirds. The ventral underside of the tail resembles the paratype and is entirely dark gray except for a few subdued white spots present near the posterior end of the tail.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="63C3DF011605CC6461A8C346AD823639" ID-Table-UUID="63C3DF011605CC6461A8C346AD823639" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/63C3DF011605CC6461A8C346AD823639" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
|
||
<paragraph id="07951757751D0667143CFADFD2BACB23" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<emphasis id="60517CC28A56A04B82D73604E7E3D272" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Table 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Selected morphological counts of all three specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60043FB5B8643500C42FF88C07474C59" authorityName="Pawangkhanant & Poyarkov & Ward-Smith & Grassby-Lewis & Sumontha & Kliukin & Idiiatullina & Trofimets & Suwannapoom & Lee" authorityYear="2024" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon speleoserpens" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="E7E33C422417D8842989423009850F31" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="167770B5465E0E48AC76E41E46C36541" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
All linear measurements are in millimeters, with abbreviations matching those listed in the materials and methods section.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="3CC66E4BED0783233BEFE5CE420F6C9F" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<table id="0FC02D9CA4E962559A4D9C6E83033BA5" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<tr id="8E286280A61787F61D6C61A96CB95E49" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="5B7CA25D7330F1A3F63926477C2742A6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="49679B6F2DF808C2E8C2780DE581ABFB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Character</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="62DA0C112D24B426BE160FDEA07A2815" colspan="3" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFD21A7A9EF44EE23ACF32F4CA4EEC2C" authorityName="Pawangkhanant & Poyarkov & Ward-Smith & Grassby-Lewis & Sumontha & Kliukin & Idiiatullina & Trofimets & Suwannapoom & Lee" authorityYear="2024" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon speleoserpens" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEE80C09B78EA98E2C69AB6F766CC74E" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="6F9ED30498F772864907FCD0DCDAEBC8" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="D782DB0D5BCB19471B366C94C3B0FF48" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">Catalog number</td>
|
||
<td id="DD832B0C71F854C8A9AC65753F4415E6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">ZMMU Re-17697</td>
|
||
<td id="75D8E2ADE211DFCEBE25704115F00407" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">ZMMU Re-17696</td>
|
||
<td id="9AE0778AC29189E8A8CDD64E4E33D890" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">No voucher</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="6AF583D8A61E25BF8EF6DD2E780FAF57" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="53764DE58CF521A35293D43A3A6FCC93" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">Sex</td>
|
||
<td id="6BF12201D18FA1E339F7C5B0C02B9DDE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">F</td>
|
||
<td id="D7946AAE8BA0B08B26B45364B98A7D94" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">M</td>
|
||
<td id="DE534D4C51FD1A8D79988554A8561DA9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">M</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="726E7386191CDE71B90F168915E84F40" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="023D94452923A51FAE861B1F23AE749D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">SVL</td>
|
||
<td id="C96C40E9CBD29949F67EB068A0264B3D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">681</td>
|
||
<td id="501876015FA21696EE75C66A6B49E42C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">601</td>
|
||
<td id="696B70DEF2F9159982DBF84D7ED390E4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">612</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="CEAF559B6750EE1C9EA2D7605FF9434E" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="66F343896191056DE53C02CC19745FB6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">TailL</td>
|
||
<td id="66BC9018FA264298EF05E42B1DDF47BD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">110</td>
|
||
<td id="B65E02A23474AEC97764EF929BE8F5A1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">95</td>
|
||
<td id="78EE15B8C2B77C45CB3BD3B9DED0D773" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">97</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="20F874D4807FCAA64D5E1D644F1CB9FD" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="3B5F27985B42E35416246F2A889BFB75" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">TailLR</td>
|
||
<td id="FC101DF315C6556C8A5C9540C40D6E55" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">0.139</td>
|
||
<td id="A37E1ACE70544C83452F6AE7840F4CD6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">0.136</td>
|
||
<td id="06FC4D2BC4EBB9F7D7B9BDA10E245DF4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">0.137</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="E17241D514026CC7B0611852B9EAF504" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="151039FCD376001BF33EA6E589E9C52E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">HeadL</td>
|
||
<td id="B1E85D6B8EB49CF22C0E3124D2899A5C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">16.5</td>
|
||
<td id="6893B12D8C50E7AC899081DAED02E977" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">16.7</td>
|
||
<td id="0B6035CF3A84165CC1436D6A157AD1FB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="E3991297194F1910D1DA11709C899B39" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="EBE43D5C3634F19499EAD52585DCEFD8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">HeadW</td>
|
||
<td id="73DAA0D712CDD44A9FA3288986BA1A6B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">14.0</td>
|
||
<td id="4C3B5D95FCB170177598FE9518944E21" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">11.5</td>
|
||
<td id="5E7D63EB7260C797DFE084F7FCF096F5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7D884F8B2E365A023C1DAA1D215364DB" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="50D61FA6D59DF681B63498904AF7C5CE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">HeadW/L</td>
|
||
<td id="766420A917F578D182BA6CD753764AC6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">0.85</td>
|
||
<td id="5B131F133DF2DA80AF68117708B643E7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">0.69</td>
|
||
<td id="D46AC4E7C760781D19155AC1F3B87887" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="39E5D5B9BA94261CBE13327A6325BFD0" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="9734D75FB5FBB560F2DDE19617B0E714" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">HeadD</td>
|
||
<td id="941A97BEA982D391F67D4C99D9A2232A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">10.6</td>
|
||
<td id="D9D1EA435AD0C7BF031F45471033E262" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">8.6</td>
|
||
<td id="1125E9F57C9867FA3EAAEABA2C8C34DC" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="0FA8073F2E66C8D2DE576F1A5B7A2960" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="6DA82ACE2FBC93FA67A780717A426D02" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">RostralW</td>
|
||
<td id="89DA4136EE5CA773382D006ABC243427" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">4.91</td>
|
||
<td id="F2E09526DD1A9AF66501ACF5C767F3B1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">4.9</td>
|
||
<td id="4A0B786A2D8C0D9791EADA10520EB97E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="F614DE001C7529C39776633E6F87036D" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="67A7B2027DC9A21FAEA2896BD1F9CC96" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">FrontalL</td>
|
||
<td id="44F1EE201A9185E35FD1883B3B022871" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">5.6</td>
|
||
<td id="8C9CA3F9C02EAFB8A20F4C0E39062C11" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">5.3</td>
|
||
<td id="A3DD788995A63E416F09D833175D15B5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="4E845670690379BB8F219B13990B9B4A" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="C3376EE12BF4C6758884244DAED208B4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">FrontalW</td>
|
||
<td id="6940FB61C434C80B6B406F12DAB35EE0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">4. 7</td>
|
||
<td id="509794B8A963A588AB9C39345C47F503" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">4.3</td>
|
||
<td id="20135DB8875C73025B4CADB7927A3589" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="08F6B2B44135213CD948FFE2388DF099" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="4A2488D33E67F85C7F41720645776625" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">SnoutL</td>
|
||
<td id="F0D22A9CE0D78EDCEB0EA9963DF899F0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">7.3</td>
|
||
<td id="CF79895F5FC36224419A2037BB02BC16" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">5.3</td>
|
||
<td id="1744ED5208B8B28C3013F7E2BF4970D8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="9B6A68A0152908AA7F69764138218ADE" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="890813A4D840D622C56FF1E7AEED5B1A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">EyeD</td>
|
||
<td id="4981C31905FCF8771E190A02C1D81200" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">2.7</td>
|
||
<td id="58789B0839D08079DEAE97AE7391CDD6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">2.7</td>
|
||
<td id="11D59B9AB0330550E3EFE60BC342DA24" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="DF83073E5BE4F655738664AC470754AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="B9CF4BAF1CE0D32BA83A3616B485E47D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">EyeLip</td>
|
||
<td id="A08CE9D1E437EDC107C2B2605C826FB3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">2.9</td>
|
||
<td id="8E6FB276FD485E3C3033341B9F90C578" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="6B48907D8A0F1CF6825E4C234B240109" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="AD0002DB7D90CAF94D9CC7069FBC03AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="AA8B5B7F048A8DC348DEC50D79E3C362" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">DSR</td>
|
||
<td id="1F39D22F59F887221406841CB9355419" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">19-17-15</td>
|
||
<td id="00057CBC7A0DDE7C13CF610889BC8235" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">19-17-15</td>
|
||
<td id="8FDE482F03B404D839D603F8A53A8C84" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">17-17-15</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="92FD20DBDDC0D96E3186A205FB420CB4" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="9CCC9165E25198A9F9F7BC3170336552" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">Preventrals + VEN</td>
|
||
<td id="B6F54339E8210BCD2C09CA528C781C8F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">2+193</td>
|
||
<td id="0B81F4F4FEB343AD0B41CEA7069A637B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">2+189</td>
|
||
<td id="CF4BADC597A845350736E5190C0AA971" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">2+190</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="650D2EC4A4A172A082997F700DB783CF" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="94CCE5BF668128A58C1925FB9ECE624C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">CP</td>
|
||
<td id="BE81EF10C7EEFAFFB4BF4268A532807F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">Entire</td>
|
||
<td id="2231065AA25E38015673B0D9B4A14562" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">Entire</td>
|
||
<td id="B2CFA0603A2BDF316CD2916BEE77C9ED" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">Entire</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="6CA4CA4493520315997C1ABC29979013" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="D31BD4E0FDF7A2A70C89FC2B76EE8BB7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">SC</td>
|
||
<td id="0D2145115ECC6321D0D134DB507E7F6D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">48</td>
|
||
<td id="1282FC1D44E037106B2122B0E209570F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">54</td>
|
||
<td id="7FE30D8BD39DEBE8D2A0F2D4E3B19A88" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">47</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="F2594224E4D1CB8287F88B7B70264B54" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="3EB0D9E28C1BFB3EF7FD7CF719477F9C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">SL</td>
|
||
<td id="73DAB90C521F06B165EA864A3F41D5ED" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">8/8</td>
|
||
<td id="5B29CEC7134D10205075BFC757906CE4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">8/8</td>
|
||
<td id="14452DDA6B237526A44E8C82627D6269" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">8/8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7E000264FA36524C15CA098D46E8FE3A" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="587B49D0A26A3477AABFD0412D8593E6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">SL-eye</td>
|
||
<td id="7034F43D0A297360D4F187203DDED884" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">4+5/4+5</td>
|
||
<td id="AD07E1215478248E7C81EB0A50B8E0B7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">4+5/4+5</td>
|
||
<td id="932AFAF2013D527C0137B0C544AF3BDA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">4+5/4+5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="9FA19001562027E688ACDD21A32FA954" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="ECD1E8E685CA0B64E6A0F8362D13B57A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">IL</td>
|
||
<td id="B71B072008733BD40C02CE80B7972386" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">9/9</td>
|
||
<td id="ACA868CA3E035A2F307B48D37B636A74" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">9/9</td>
|
||
<td id="6ECEA8887F3A71D5D97D427998DEB2DE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">9/9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="4EC2D30E389B7C6E79282AEB1E0EB423" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="1A7155DF871012DC9E8CAEF54BB2876E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">IL-CS</td>
|
||
<td id="C1BC7D311387F8E698119B373063076C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">4/4</td>
|
||
<td id="B76E9109980375A3F80CA85CF1D89BC7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">4/4</td>
|
||
<td id="34A7C3FB8DCEF6BCA2D8E76E45B15FB5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">4/4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="F09D503301D85109ECEB1320AC536B33" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="71E15197716E0D37D6BD2102F9BBA6AE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">LOR</td>
|
||
<td id="D985263FDED29367A3890BE79960F943" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">1/1</td>
|
||
<td id="EBEB608E0258B4F7DF30F6FFC37AD1D3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">1/1</td>
|
||
<td id="2600A0979A1D07F166C677618B4B038E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">1/1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="E12DFCB25F7CC3BC2E9C08124740AEB9" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="E35BFB6116C3531E4FC66ABE550F76C8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">PrO</td>
|
||
<td id="3BAE82E082EB9BA75E69FDAFA51E971D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">1/1</td>
|
||
<td id="F7EE8D16C4370F0A2969DDC3C9D28006" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">2/1</td>
|
||
<td id="11C1E0ABCE0EF707CB2A015C80AC85B5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">1/1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="EE1F8A822D7510E4627C5790CC31D360" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="ECAA54EB4EF079A4E2035D23BF1F44C7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">PrsO</td>
|
||
<td id="CFDE0426CFB92060239186FC0A5F00BD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">1/1</td>
|
||
<td id="3A30B2332B987092D44A582738B4AF83" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">1/1</td>
|
||
<td id="17973DF745C0AA24DD9CF79D441DEFFB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">1/1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="8E266425E0806987A64DA057DA6C3F23" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="FB92C28E14AD3645E63354713781DD46" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">PtO</td>
|
||
<td id="98E9B8B03F188AB4CE58D252F5245CCE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">2/2</td>
|
||
<td id="98CAD2B2A771ABC4F693E92F91906EC1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">2/2</td>
|
||
<td id="F7D52E2A5960D420D8ECF05EB6F8313B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">2/2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="C23D124945D1AA06A24853377FB7BC71" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="44A3C759C797B390C72AD9950BFCEB20" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">Temporals (Ate + Pte)</td>
|
||
<td id="79A693AC140181601A989327BF066365" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">1+2 / 1+2</td>
|
||
<td id="08CAA656F4FA93E41C6C12256352B55E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">1+2 / 1+2</td>
|
||
<td id="56B2A26367CB9398D396F0174651FD27" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">1+2 / 1+2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="79C56F5A609E5108D01F6DC31584D5F4" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<td id="61ABEE4000542576DFF35D76E8159474" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">MT</td>
|
||
<td id="235B346DFF56B95F98C36D356943AEB5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">8</td>
|
||
<td id="268EF7E1ED69EA4F187B548C8942F031" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">8</td>
|
||
<td id="E4D0EAF62BB285B24529600B736B98C3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="059BDF93336FD29A644B52A2C9C7CDAA" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="E610AC39D11470A918E09B744F65D3D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="065CF79E78D7E68BB6B76CC93C006311" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
The species epithet "
|
||
<emphasis id="69CC41A9BECF56C360D5573B6CDC021D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
" is a compound name combining the Latinzed Greek noun "
|
||
<emphasis id="B219BAF14A3435A997EBAA4B87F2C343" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="AEC2046EF625EDCA862882336E54664F" originalValue="spēlēum">spēlēum</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
", meaning
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1B994C81993A725C88593D26139359D0" originalValue="“cave”">"cave"</normalizedToken>
|
||
and the Latin noun "
|
||
<emphasis id="A189BE2E506887D5B53001E9EFBFEA41" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">serpens</emphasis>
|
||
[=
|
||
<emphasis id="BAC60931C1DA24704D3416B9175BFBD2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">serpentis</emphasis>
|
||
]", the present active participle of "
|
||
<emphasis id="E8AC2547D7DFB3099D571D055FA077B5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="EDD066EC21B328E57092E87EF3318AF6" originalValue="serpō">serpō</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
" meaning "to crawl or creep", often used in reference to snakes. This roughly translates to "cave crawler" or "cave serpent", an allusion to both the type locality and the discovery of the paratype. We recommend the English common name "Cave Kukri Snake" and the Thai common name
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F9B0473FBAB501121CA19C20C4A23521" originalValue="“ปี่แก้วควนหิน”">"ปี่แก้วควนหิน"</normalizedToken>
|
||
(Ngu Pi Kaew Kuan Hin) for this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="735FC931A01AA0F7F60EBCA82795064E" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="0B6A610D771416668B2FF27D235E3323" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Distribution and natural history.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5EBD52CB210C079332D3FA025E55E5D9" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59DE411A1CEBC0862A2CDF0C3E3189FC" authorityName="Pawangkhanant & Poyarkov & Ward-Smith & Grassby-Lewis & Sumontha & Kliukin & Idiiatullina & Trofimets & Suwannapoom & Lee" authorityYear="2024" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon speleoserpens" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="7EBF08235538DAD76291B438862EAB76" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="C515EC30F312A8FA8120B80DD2CE4196" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
is currently known from only two localities in southeastern Peninsular Thailand: Tham Le Stegodon, Satun Province and Tham Khao Ting cave, Trang Province (see locality 1, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BEF18BF67794F352240A969562139F6" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Sampled localities of the Oligodon cinereus species complex used in this study, including Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov., O. huahin, O. phangan, O. promsombuti, O. purpurascens, O. saiyok, O. joynsoni, O. inornatus, O. nagao, O. cinereus s. str., and unnamed lineages of O. " cinereus " labeled by clade. Base map created using simplemappr. net. Filled icons denote populations included in phylogenetic analyses; empty icons denote populations not included in the phylogenetic analyses; type localities are indicated by a dot at the center of an icon. Colors and locality numbers correspond to Figure 2 and Table S 1. Localities. Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov.: (1) Tham Khao Ting Cave, Trang Prov., and Tham Le Stegodon Cave, Satun Prov., Thailand; Oligodon sp.: (2) Krabi Prov., Thailand (unconfirmed locality); O. saiyok: (3) Sai Yok Distr., Kanchanaburi Prov., Thailand; O. cinereus clade 4: (4) Rakhine Yoma Mts., Rakhine St., Myanmar; O. cinereus clade 1 (sensu stricto): (5) Cat Tien NP., Dong Nai Prov., Vietnam (type locality of O. cattienensis); (6) Bu Gia Map NP, Binh Phuoc Prov., Vietnam; (7) Kirirom NP, Kampong Speu Prov., Cambodia; O. cinereus clade 2: (8) Kalaw, Shan St., Myanmar; (9) Alaungdaw Kathapa NP, Sagaing Div., Myanmar; (10) Chi Linh, Hai Duong Prov., Vietnam; (11) Tam Dao NP, Vinh Phuc Prov., Vietnam; (12) Pu Mat NP, Nghe An Prov., Vietnam; O. phangan: (13) Mingalardon, Hlawga WP, Yangon Div., Myanmar; (14) Ko Phi Phi Don Isl., Krabi Prov., Thailand; (15) Ko Pha Ngan Isl., Surat Thani Prov., Thailand; O. huahin: (16) Kaeng Krachan NP, Phetchaburi, Thailand; (17) Suan Phueng, Ratchaburi, Thailand; O. nagao and O. cinereus clade 3: (18) Hainan Isl., Hainan Prov., China; (19) Nonggang NR, Guangxi Prov., China; (20) Huu Lien, Lang Son Prov., Vietnam (type locality of O. nagao); O. joynsoni: (21) Ngao Dist., Lampang Prov., Thailand (type locality); (22) Doi Tung, Chiang Rai Prov., Thailand; (23) Xishuanhbanna NP, Yunnan Prov., China; O. promsombuti: (24) Khao Phanom Wang, Surat Thani Prov., Thailand; O. inornatus: (25) Nong Kai Ploi, Chonburi Prov., Thailand (type locality); (26) Samkos WS, Pursat Prov., Cambodia." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e112132.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1034202" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Both locations are cave formations that form part of a larger complex of limestone karst massifs along the border between Satun and Trang provinces. The holotype was discovered crawling along a vertical limestone wall just outside the entrance of Tham Le Stegodon (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="9685DCCE4A0E3A8F1B92E39AFC55ACE6" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Photographs (a) of the holotype of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. (ZMMU Re- 17696, adult male) in life; (b) habitat at the type locality, Tham Le Stegodon cave, Satun Province, Thailand; (c) paratype of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. (ZMMU Re- 17697, adult female) in life from Tham Khao Ting cave, Trang Province, Thailand; and (d) uncollected adult male specimen of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. from the same locality as the paratype. Photos by Parinya Pawangkhanant (a, b), Nikolay A. Poyarkov (c), and Harry Ward-Smith (d)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e112132.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1034206" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">5b</figureCitation>
|
||
) at 1950 hrs (local ITC time), whereas the paratype was discovered at 2200 hrs in-situ coiled within a crevice in Tham Khao Ting cave, approximately 10 meters past the entrance. The third, uncollected specimen from Tham Khao Ting cave was observed by two of us (HWS and RGL) on 19 March 2023 at 2100 hrs. It was first observed ~12-15 meters up a karst wall (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="0069F6396EDA4E50D27CAAE13E603A08" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Habitat photographs (a) of the karst wall above an entrance to Tham Khao Ting Cave, Trang Province, Thailand that the uncollected specimen of Oligodon speleoserpens sp. nov. was found ~ 12 - 15 m high; (b) flooded exit of the Tham Khao Ting cave; and (c) flooded habitat 50 m past the entrance of Tham Le Stegodon cave, Satun Province, Thailand. Photographs by Harry Ward-Smith." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e112132.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1034207" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">6a</figureCitation>
|
||
) with its head peeking into a small crack. It proceeded into this crack, emerging 5 minutes later with no signs of finding prey. Both of these specimens were adult males, whereas the paratype collected earlier in September 2022 was an adult female. Due to the proximity of Satun and Trang Provinces to the equator, sunset varies very little through the year, from 1810 hrs at the winter solstice to 1837 hrs at the summer solstice. All specimens were observed after sunset (1900-2300 hrs), but we assume this species is cathemeral (including both diurnal and nocturnal surface activity), as is consistent with other members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="54782FE5FD5B4CF30E1424CE87F621AC" lsidName="O. cinereus" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="cinereus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8BED6B1E4E023CABFA6684625FADE7A5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. cinereus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9E995365AFA635F0CB8962EDC8D1A4A8" doi="10.3897/vz.74.e112132.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1034207" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
|
||
<paragraph id="93197781AA79847F9592A6FDF3FA5CA1" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<emphasis id="AA89486FBD264FBB8C2F3980F3051DD5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitat photographs (
|
||
<emphasis id="0D960237FD2937CF50DE266E43B8BC14" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">a</emphasis>
|
||
) of the karst wall above an entrance to Tham Khao Ting Cave, Trang Province, Thailand that the uncollected specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CE56998D04A8BAD23FE4FE9B6DBE47E0" authorityName="Pawangkhanant & Poyarkov & Ward-Smith & Grassby-Lewis & Sumontha & Kliukin & Idiiatullina & Trofimets & Suwannapoom & Lee" authorityYear="2024" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon speleoserpens" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="BF6E56F401362A5AC1AA19D11DFEEA07" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="4D2C5536D0C460644497C63B6239CDE6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
was found ~12-15 m high; (
|
||
<emphasis id="06409781FEA079E31E16055164098C08" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">b</emphasis>
|
||
) flooded exit of the Tham Khao Ting cave; and (
|
||
<emphasis id="7D58022042C9E3E95A5AE584BF086810" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">c</emphasis>
|
||
) flooded habitat 50 m past the entrance of Tham Le Stegodon cave, Satun Province, Thailand. Photographs by Harry Ward-Smith.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="9F5DE1598A924CCC22FA97D677C07AA5" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
The diet of most
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6A1EEF9FC77C39439A06C9B29E9F58E5" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7F66B04F33F50EF5372ED14BFF7715F2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is presumed to consist primarily of reptile eggs and frogs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B5DEA946F6AD209D0747C36CFEA710E2" DOI="https://doi.org/10.26515/rzsi/v25/i3/1923/162698" author="Wall, F" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Indian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" pagination="305 - 334" refId="B119" refString="Wall, F, 1923. A review of the Indian species of the genus Oligodon suppressing the genus Simotes (Ophidia). Records of the Indian Museum 23: 305 - 334, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26515/rzsi/v25/i3/1923/162698" title="A review of the Indian species of the genus Oligodon suppressing the genus Simotes (Ophidia)." url="https://doi.org/10.26515/rzsi/v25/i3/1923/162698" volume="23" year="1923">Wall 1923</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C703DB2BD5CE38BCE3B30FEC7F06B91" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.33.e57096" author="Bringsoe, H" journalOrPublisher="Herpetozoa" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" pagination="157 - 163" refId="B11" refString="Bringsoe, H, Suthanthangjai, M, Suthanthangjai, W, Nimnuam, K, 2020. Eviscerated alive: Novel and macabre feeding strategy in Oligodon fasciolatus (Guenther, 1864) eating organs of Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Schneider, 1799) in Thailand. Herpetozoa 33: 157 - 163, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.33.e57096" title="Eviscerated alive: Novel and macabre feeding strategy in Oligodon fasciolatus (Guenther, 1864) eating organs of Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Schneider, 1799) in Thailand." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.33.e57096" volume="33" year="2020">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B1AA259477625F2A08C3CCDADA9328C8" originalValue="Bringsøe">Bringsoe</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2E99B8E0C18D222088DC1F093863799D" author="David, P" journalOrPublisher="Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" refId="B25" refString="David, P, Teynie, A, Vogel, G, 2023. The Snakes of Laos. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main" title="The Snakes of Laos." year="2023">David et al. 2023</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A4D1018A7BF33EB89FDA67D99A1CB562" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1038/128413d0" author="Meggitt, FJ" journalOrPublisher="Revue suisse de Zoologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" refId="B70" refString="Meggitt, FJ, 1931. Insectivorous snakes. Nature 128: 413. https://doi.org/10.1038/128413d0" title="Insectivorous snakes. Nature 128: 413." url="https://doi.org/10.1038/128413d0" year="1931">Meggitt (1931)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7AF9F4B2D0A647EA40EBDEAB90E480D2" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12104" author="Pope, CH" journalOrPublisher="American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, xlii" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" refId="B87" refString="Pope, CH, 1935. The Reptiles of China: Turtles, Crocodilians, Snakes, Lizards. American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, xlii, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12104" title="The Reptiles of China: Turtles, Crocodilians, Snakes, Lizards." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12104" year="1935">Pope (1935)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
both recorded several arachnid and arthropod species in the stomachs of specimens in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C5E53F3A7D477CE06E4B7DCCCB8AAA0A" lsidName="O. cinereus" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="cinereus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8745486097C4C0BD70870A858F5E50F4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. cinereus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species complex (Savitzky 1983; as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A96D9D0213F76E59F6D9911E7DF4B50C" lsidName="O. cinereus" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="cinereus">
|
||
<emphasis id="05F328056BAB0F2A99E85987AE174F23" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. cinereus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Whether
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4078AD50677E36005F2BAD54428723DB" lsidName="O. speleoserpens" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="4505112289BF6F6D0B456062192B9513" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="07ED9E28DA564D0CC7A7616A8F7887B7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
has a similar reptile egg-rich diet remains an open question. We observed three highly abundant gecko species present in sympatry with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B8A4C91151147C710D93EC18028FB43D" lsidName="O. speleoserpens" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D8D75CC70D6D1C4850AF71CF89FE5B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="FE9232E578DCC6F67907C5AEC9F81C68" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87825A8121369606A8FC7B767EC009A2" authorityName="Grismer, Sumontha, Cota, Grismer, Wood, Pauwels & Kunya" authorityYear="2010" class="Amphibia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cnemaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cnemaspis niyomwanae" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niyomwanae">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C603632D74A13B657508E9DB2C5969F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Cnemaspis niyomwanae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E7E3862241049F13E2C4E2FF0B4EF3E3" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2576.1.1" author="Grismer, LL" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" pagination="1 - 55" refId="B40" refString="Grismer, LL, Sumontha, M, Cota, M, Grismer, JL, Wood, PL Jr, Pauwels, OSG, Kunya, K, 2010. A revision and redescription of the rock gecko Cnemaspis siamensis (Taylor 1925) (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Peninsular Thailand with descriptions of seven new species. Zootaxa 2576: 1 - 55, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2576.1.1" title="A revision and redescription of the rock gecko Cnemaspis siamensis (Taylor 1925) (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Peninsular Thailand with descriptions of seven new species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2576.1.1" volume="2576" year="2010">Grismer et al., 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7180C5C59329F8A3434AF6B96AF191C1" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtodactylus lekaguli" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lekaguli">Cyrtodactylus cf. lekaguli</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="538FE382C55F18D92B7BE6B3DFB6BA99" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3520.1.1" author="Grismer, LL" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" pagination="1 - 55" refId="B45" refString="Grismer, LL, Wood, PL Jr, Quah, ESH, Anuar, S, Muin, MA, Sumontha, M, Ahmad, N, Bauer, AM, Wangkulangkul, S, Grismer, JL, Pauwels, OSG, 2012. A phylogeny and taxonomy of the Thai-Malay Peninsula Bent-toed Geckos of the Cyrtodactylus pulchellus complex (Squamata: Gekkonidae): Combined morphological and molecular analyses with descriptions of seven new species. Zootaxa 3520: 1 - 55, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3520.1.1" title="A phylogeny and taxonomy of the Thai-Malay Peninsula Bent-toed Geckos of the Cyrtodactylus pulchellus complex (Squamata: Gekkonidae): Combined morphological and molecular analyses with descriptions of seven new species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3520.1.1" volume="3520" year="2012">Grismer et al., 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="34046BBA0BB80C3E78A1000013133213" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Gekko" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gekko gecko" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gecko">
|
||
<emphasis id="4B7DEDD2FF05C7248C1FD38B1BA0EDC9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Gekko gecko</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Linnaeus, 1758). All three lizards occupy the same karstic surfaces and utilize crevices as egg laying sites. The exploratory behavior observed in the uncollected specimen could be related to foraging for these species and their eggs. We also observed five additional generalist and widespread gecko species at the same locality, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9598B678FDCD7921C231EEB560FFE2EE" authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1962" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtodactylus quadrivirgatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quadrivirgatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="29BE3884166C0F230DCA2F983BD18EB1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Cyrtodactylus quadrivirgatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Taylor, 1962,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FBDD509F8D259C46A5A7BA6BBD8202A9" baseAuthorityName="Taylor" baseAuthorityYear="1962" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtodactylus zebraicus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zebraicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8E9C30209BC7E214994787B3A24EC9B4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Cyrtodactylus zebraicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Taylor, 1962,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="44FEE9182E6FC1287F03E3388C56ACC5" baseAuthorityName="Grismer, Wood, Grismer, Quah, Thy, Phimmachak, Sivongxay, Seateun, Stuart, Siler, Mulcahy, Anamza & Brown" baseAuthorityYear="2019" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Gekko" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gekko tokehos" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tokehos">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD6DEC71725A1E73F1845537658553AC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Gekko tokehos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D7C2384744E0A93AD7E01F8AC2867BFF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4638.2.1" author="Grismer, LL" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" pagination="151 - 198" refId="B43" refString="Grismer, LL, Wood, PLJ, Grismer, JL, Quah, ESH, Thy, N, Phimmachak, S, Sivongxay, N, Seateun, S, Stuart, BL, Siler, CB, Mulcahy, DG, Anamza, T, Brown, RM, 2019. Geographic structure of genetic variation in the parachute gecko Ptychozoon lionotum Annandale, 1905 across Indochina and Sundaland with descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 4638: 151 - 198, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4638.2.1" title="Geographic structure of genetic variation in the parachute gecko Ptychozoon lionotum Annandale, 1905 across Indochina and Sundaland with descriptions of three new species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4638.2.1" volume="4638" year="2019">Grismer et al., 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14F39C5BB0CBFBCCE78585FED995E637" baseAuthorityName="Stejneger" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Gekko" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gekko kuhli" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kuhli">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1FE99FD1D73AAA604FF31F31B67E1FB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Gekko kuhli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Stejneger, 1902) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BC07E728F2A29D7944A8832EDB6AC508" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hemidactylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemidactylus frenatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="frenatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AF64D4FE0ED45B2E7256C8B876286192" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Hemidactylus frenatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4D2758AAB3C7A5A24E063648FC753A5F" originalValue="Duméril">Dumeril</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Bibron, 1836. Other snake species found in sympatry with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4E5AB2EFF71CD4FDDCD7CF870C2A36FA" lsidName="O. speleoserpens" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="7AE428C246C9DDF91C129C67EDEF93AF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">O. speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="E6085F4994D29133F4CFD728D75204A6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
include
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D362FCCE8FF975C5478DB00B424E4111" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Amphibia" family="Colubridae" genus="Ahaetulla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ahaetulla mycterizans" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mycterizans">
|
||
<emphasis id="852C45E4D72855A9EE4E4667DC75E061" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Ahaetulla mycterizans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Linnaeus, 1758),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1B8131F632FABE8BFFAB787F01E15F7" baseAuthorityName="Boie" baseAuthorityYear="1827" class="Amphibia" family="Colubridae" genus="Ahaetulla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ahaetulla prasina" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="prasina">
|
||
<emphasis id="C0B4DFB62AB37AEE2D48663A6E627ACE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Ahaetulla prasina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Boie, 1827),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="650550D22C7FC958B70CB2FCEF884C0D" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1896" class="Amphibia" family="Colubridae" genus="Boiga" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Boiga melanota" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanota">
|
||
<emphasis id="3003F4338BA1A8CD408153420E168AA4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Boiga melanota</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Boulenger, 1896) (recognized at species-level fide
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="35F45EE61DC5CD474AC66358FF6445A7" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa090" author="Weinell, JL" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" pagination="169 - 184" refId="B120" refString="Weinell, JL, Barley, AJ, Siler, CD, Orlov, NL, Ananjeva, NB, Oaks, JR, Burbrink, FT, Brown, RM, 2021. Phylogenetic relationships and biogeographic range evolution in cat-eyed snakes, Boiga (Serpentes: Colubridae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 192: 169 - 184, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa090" title="Phylogenetic relationships and biogeographic range evolution in cat-eyed snakes, Boiga (Serpentes: Colubridae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa090" volume="192" year="2021">Weinell et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F99F88FFA51D39791CF1000739E40A44" authorityName="Reinhardt" authorityYear="1843" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Bungarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bungarus flaviceps" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flaviceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="1AF1BED37A7C706285861DBC2FCD99E3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Bungarus flaviceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Reinhardt, 1843,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E27BAD1D950A494B5FF4C649C2746154" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1899" class="Amphibia" family="Colubridae" genus="Elaphe" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elaphe taeniura subsp. ridleyi" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="taeniura" subSpecies="ridleyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFD65F81CDAF8888AD718F09AF620F8F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Elaphe taeniura ridleyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Butler, 1889),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="11102CCF3DB605077A0B93FEC4ED6724" baseAuthorityName="Boie" baseAuthorityYear="1827" class="Amphibia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon capucinus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capucinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="93D37B651E34454BB92C3A03496F4ED1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Lycodon capucinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Boie, 1827,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1820A70E8D3B79583B68F021E2C6F386" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1878" class="Amphibia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon (Dryocalamus) davisonii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="davisonii" subGenus="Dryocalamus">Lycodon (Dryocalamus) davisonii</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Blanford, 1878),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20D6BB11C08A5282065032A401FC4A2F" baseAuthorityName="Schneider" baseAuthorityYear="1801" class="Reptilia" family="Boidae" genus="Malayopython" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Malayopython reticulatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6E9DC4C7C274E22F29556B6D5B283592" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Malayopython reticulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Schneider, 1801),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39A05B6A96E93F2B9515256CF2BFD929" baseAuthorityName="Wagler" baseAuthorityYear="1830" class="Squamata" family="Pareidae" genus="Pareas" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pareas carinatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFB747DC85665466F68589D4091F247A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Pareas carinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Wagler, 1830,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ADD031E676AAEB456AF901E41582DE12" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Trimeresurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trimeresurus ciliaris" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ciliaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="2E72B8531D3F045A9578BAA43326CE38" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Trimeresurus ciliaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D6D6A213AE53EF2092AB7DD18AC50554" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/vz.73.e109854" author="Idiiatullina, SS" journalOrPublisher="Vertebrate Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" pagination="697 - 716" refId="B56" refString="Idiiatullina, SS, Pawangkhanant, P, Tawan, T, Worranuch, T, Dechochai, B, Suwannapoom, C, Nguyen, TV, Chanhome, L, Poyarkov, NA, 2023. Limestone jewel: A new colourful karst-dwelling pitviper (Serpentes: Viperidae: Trimeresurus) from the poorly explored borderlands of southern peninsular Thailand. Vertebrate Zoology 73: 697 - 716, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/vz.73.e109854" title="Limestone jewel: A new colourful karst-dwelling pitviper (Serpentes: Viperidae: Trimeresurus) from the poorly explored borderlands of southern peninsular Thailand." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/vz.73.e109854" volume="73" year="2023">Idiiatullina et al., 2023</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C21E4C5967E7C3F03CD3AE6DE6C7D518" baseAuthorityName="Boie" baseAuthorityYear="1827" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Tropidolaemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidolaemus wagleri" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wagleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="7F07589E678A04895F276FC969B3BC73" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Tropidolaemus wagleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Boie, 1827), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F5A5A7478E01047D6FB81A0A285081A" baseAuthorityName="Boie" baseAuthorityYear="1827" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Xenochrophis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xenochrophis trianguligerus" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trianguligerus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B0AF9A8F4B53FD43D7E836F836F1DD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Xenochrophis trianguligerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Boie, 1827). The diversity and abundance of geckos and other squamate reptiles in this karstic habitat provides numerous potential prey items for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27C26EA995EFAEC9ECFC373AA2E41C9D" authorityName="Pawangkhanant & Poyarkov & Ward-Smith & Grassby-Lewis & Sumontha & Kliukin & Idiiatullina & Trofimets & Suwannapoom & Lee" authorityYear="2024" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon speleoserpens" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="2BB300394E6D152AF2996D2BC1BF6E3A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="C71A798D41E7CE4E459F2A09E22A7D22" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
, especially in the form of eggs. No other information on its natural history or behavior is known.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2218D784F4B638F871DDDC8747B79744" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" type="conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph id="F3908C3F0781AB1A303953EEA2CFA82A" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="200F7EB1D802E65B6AF4522A046B208A" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">
|
||
Only three specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9DF94E93A7DF1AD3D28FB8171B56AEF" authorityName="Pawangkhanant & Poyarkov & Ward-Smith & Grassby-Lewis & Sumontha & Kliukin & Idiiatullina & Trofimets & Suwannapoom & Lee" authorityYear="2024" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon speleoserpens" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="8DBB05BDA9E4298A7E0A7D1668D8C028" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="28E6F86EB57B4F1B9730EA006608BA31" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
have been documented so far, all within a span of six months. The surrounding limestone karst massif where the new species has been collected spans a total area of approximately 10.7 square kilometers. Both sites are offered protection from human development. Tham Le Stegodon is part of the Satun UNESCO Global Geopark and Tham Khao Ting is owned by the Liphang Subdistrict Administrative Organization of Trang Province. The underground river networks of both cave systems are popular tourist attractions for swimming and kayaking. We believe the current level of recreation poses minimal impact on the caves and surrounding karst habitat and is thus unlikely to threaten the conservation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CE4B7ECB487D6B7284D217396E15E9" authorityName="Pawangkhanant & Poyarkov & Ward-Smith & Grassby-Lewis & Sumontha & Kliukin & Idiiatullina & Trofimets & Suwannapoom & Lee" authorityYear="2024" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon speleoserpens" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D44B0B6C533738EBD7B9B94210FDC49" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="78089065F9608080B80DCB5A690C965C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
at these sites. However, future work on the ecology and behavior of this species is needed to understand whether any other human activities in this region might act as conservation threats. Owing to a lack of ecological information on this species, we suggest classifying
|
||
<taxonomicName id="85C2A987F91FFD40EDA19E88F3769A4A" authorityName="Pawangkhanant & Poyarkov & Ward-Smith & Grassby-Lewis & Sumontha & Kliukin & Idiiatullina & Trofimets & Suwannapoom & Lee" authorityYear="2024" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oligodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligodon speleoserpens" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="359" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="speleoserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="58AD8AEB865A8D4738C3D37083ED2184" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">Oligodon speleoserpens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="654C685864DC8D1EE764D6E8DCAF134D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="359">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
as "Data Deficient" based on the criteria adopted by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. This classification is based on the fact that little data exists for the new species, and that more information is needed to understand its distributional limits within southern Thailand.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |