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<mods:title id="381A64FCE0986CC00075C200B75EBCD5">Mammals of Korea: a review of their taxonomy, distribution and conservation status</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03A0BE3B6440FFF5FF4FFB98FA9C51BC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4571257" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154499206" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4571257" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A0BE3B6440FFF5FF4FFB98FA9C51BC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A0BE3B6440FFF5FF4FFB98FA9C51BC" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE6440FFF5FF4FFB98FDD35342" ID-CoL="44QY4" ID-ENA="36239" authority="Linnaeus, 1766" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1766" box="[151,530,1038,1064]" class="Mammalia" family="Mustelidae" genus="Mustela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nivalis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6440FFF5FF4FFB98FE915342" bold="true" box="[151,336,1038,1064]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Mustela nivalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6440FFF5FE8FFB98FDD35342" author="Linnaeus" box="[343,530,1038,1064]" firstAuthor="Linnaeus" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refId="ref112069" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1766) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Fol. 1. 13 th Edition. Typis Joannis Thomae, Vindobonae, 532 pp. [in Latin]" type="book" year="1766">Linnaeus, 1766</bibRefCitation>
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—Least Weasel
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE6440FFF5FF4FFBC3FDCD5301" ID-CoL="44QY4" authority="Linnaeus, 1766 p. 69" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityPageNumber="69" authorityYear="1766" box="[151,524,1109,1131]" class="Mammalia" family="Mustelidae" genus="Mustela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nivalis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6440FFF5FF4FFBC3FEF25301" box="[151,307,1109,1131]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Mustela nivalis</emphasis>
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;
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locality-
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD6440FFF5FD73FBC3FD3E5301" box="[683,767,1109,1131]" name="Sweden" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Sweden</collectingCountry>
;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6440FFF5FCD1FBC3FB655301" author="Ellerman &amp; Morrison-Scott" box="[777,1188,1109,1131]" firstAuthor="Ellerman" page="256" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refId="ref99704" refString="Ellerman, J. R. &amp; Morrison-Scott, T. C. S. (1951) Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian Mammals 1758 to 1946. British Museum (Natural History), London, 810 pp." type="book" year="1951">Ellerman &amp; Morrison-Scott, 1951 p.256</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6440FFF5FB77FBC0FAA15301" author="Won" box="[1199,1376,1109,1131]" firstAuthor="Won" page="282" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refId="ref125422" refString="Won, H. K. (1968) The mammals of Korea. Institute of Science Press, Pyeongyang, 408 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="1968">Won, 1968 p.282</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C6440FFF5FAB3FBC0FEEF53E0" author="Han" page="" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" year="1994">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6440FFF5FAB3FBC0FEEF53E0" author="Han" firstAuthor="Han" page="46" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="44 - 50" refId="ref101626" refString="Han, S. H. (1994) The checklist of Mammals in North Korea. Nature Conservation, 86, 44 - 50. [in Korean]" type="journal article" year="1994">Han, 1994 p.46</bibRefCitation>
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;
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6440FFF5FEE1FBE3FDC953E0" author="Won &amp; Smith" box="[313,520,1140,1162]" firstAuthor="Won" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="3 - 33" refId="ref125289" refString="Won, C. M. &amp; Smith, K. G. (1999) History and current status of mammals of the Korean Peninsula. Mammal Review, 29, 3 - 33. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1365 - 2907.1999.00034. x" type="journal article" year="1999">Won &amp; Smith, 1999</bibRefCitation>
; p.19;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6440FFF5FD94FBE2FD3653E0" author="Oh, H." box="[588,759,1140,1162]" editor="Won, B. O." firstAuthor="Oh" journalOrPublisher="Dongbang Media Press, Seoul" page="169" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="142 - 183" refId="ref116674" refString="Oh, H. S (2004 a) Order Carnivora. In: Won, B. O. (Ed.), The mammals of Korea. Dongbang Media Press, Seoul, pp. 142 - 183 [in Korean]" title="Order Carnivora" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="The mammals of Korea" year="2004" yearSuffix="a">Oh, 2004a p.169</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE6440FFF5FF4FFB05FD8353C2" ID-CoL="5JSG5" authority="Mori, 1927 p. 28" authorityName="Mori" authorityPageNumber="28" authorityYear="1927" box="[151,578,1170,1192]" class="Mammalia" family="Mustelidae" genus="Mustela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="nivalis" subSpecies="mosanensis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6440FFF5FF4FFB05FE4253C2" box="[151,387,1170,1192]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">M. nivalis mosanensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6440FFF5FE57FB04FD8353C2" author="Mori" box="[399,578,1170,1192]" firstAuthor="Mori" page="28" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="28 - 29" refId="ref114313" refString="Mori, T. (1927) On two new mammals from Korea. Journal of Korean Natural History, 5, 28 - 29." type="journal article" year="1927">Mori, 1927 p.28</bibRefCitation>
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;
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locality- Yeonam (near Musan),
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD6440FFF5FC29FB05FBF353C2" box="[1009,1074,1171,1192]" name="South Korea" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Korea</collectingCountry>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C6440FFF5FB9AFB04FACF53C2" author="Kuroda" box="[1090,1294,1170,1192]" page="" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" year="1938">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6440FFF5FB9AFB04FACF53C2" author="Kuroda" box="[1090,1294,1170,1192]" firstAuthor="Kuroda" page="29" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refId="ref110546" refString="Kuroda, N. (1938) A list of the Japanese Mammals. Published by Author, Tokyo, 122 pp." type="book" year="1938">Kuroda, 1938 p.29</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C6440FFF5FAC7FB04FE2253AD" author="Ellerman &amp; Morrison-Scott" page="" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" year="1951">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6440FFF5FAC7FB04FE2253AD" author="Ellerman &amp; Morrison-Scott" firstAuthor="Ellerman" page="258" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refId="ref99704" refString="Ellerman, J. R. &amp; Morrison-Scott, T. C. S. (1951) Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian Mammals 1758 to 1946. British Museum (Natural History), London, 810 pp." type="book" year="1951">Ellerman &amp; Morrison-Scott, 1951 p.258</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C6440FFF5FE35FB24FD5F53AD" author="Won" box="[493,670,1201,1223]" page="" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" year="1958">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6440FFF5FE35FB24FD5F53AD" author="Won" box="[493,670,1201,1223]" firstAuthor="Won" page="438" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="427 - 460" refId="ref125450" refString="Won, P. H. (1958) A hand list of Korean mammals. Bulletin of Kyung-Hee University, 1, 427 - 460." type="journal article" year="1958">Won, 1958 p.438</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C6440FFF5FD70FB24FC9953AD" author="Won" box="[680,856,1201,1223]" page="" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6440FFF5FD70FB24FC9953AD" author="Won" box="[680,856,1201,1223]" firstAuthor="Won" page="113" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refId="ref125477" refString="Won, P. H. (1967) Illustrated encyclopedia of fauna and flora of Korea. Fol. 7. Mammals. Ministry of Education, Seoul, 663 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="1967">Won, 1967 p.113</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C6440FFF5FCBBFB24FBD553AD" author="Won" box="[867,1044,1201,1223]" page="" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" year="1968">
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</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1928036440FFF5FF4FFB47FD02538C" box="[151,707,1232,1254]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C6440FFF5FF4FFB47FD7E538C" author="Kishida &amp; Mori" box="[151,703,1232,1254]" page="" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" year="1931">
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE6440FFF5FF4FFB47FD7E538C" authority=": Kishida &amp; Mori, 1931 p. 380" authorityName="Kishida &amp; Mori" authorityPageNumber="380" authorityYear="1931" box="[151,703,1232,1254]" class="Mammalia" family="Mustelidae" genus="Mustela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="pygmaea" subSpecies="mosanensis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6440FFF5FF4FFB47FE4E538C" box="[151,399,1233,1254]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">M. pygmaea mosanensis</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6440FFF5FE44FB46FD7E538C" author="Kishida &amp; Mori" box="[412,703,1232,1254]" firstAuthor="Kishida" page="380" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="372 - 391" refId="ref108188" refString="Kishida, K. &amp; Mori, T. (1931) On the distribution of terrestrial mammals of Korea. Zoological Magazine, 43, 372 - 391. [in Japanese]" type="journal article" year="1931">Kishida &amp; Mori, 1931 p.380</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D6440FFF5FF4FFB66FD1E526E" blockId="74.[151,1436,1109,1285]" box="[151,735,1262,1285]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1928036440FFF5FF4FFB66FD1E526E" box="[151,735,1262,1285]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C6440FFF5FF4FFB66FDDB526E" author="Corbet" box="[151,538,1262,1285]" page="" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" year="1978">
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE6440FFF5FF4FFB66FDDB526E" ID-CoL="5JSG7" authority="nivalis: Corbet, 1978 p. 169" authorityName="Corbet" authorityPageNumber="169" authorityYear="1978" box="[151,538,1262,1285]" class="Mammalia" family="Mustelidae" genus="Mustela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="nivalis" subSpecies="nivalis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6440FFF5FF4FFB66FF6D526F" box="[151,172,1264,1285]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6440FFF5FF60FB78FE87526E" box="[184,326,1262,1284]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">nivalis nivalis</emphasis>
:
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</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C6440FFF5FDFCFB79FD1A526E" author="Yoon" box="[548,731,1262,1284]" page="" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" year="1992">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6440FFF5FDFCFB79FD1A526E" author="Yoon" box="[548,731,1262,1284]" firstAuthor="Yoon" page="102" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refId="ref126177" refString="Yoon, M. H. (1992) The wildlife of Korea. Daewonsa Publishing Company, Seoul, 142 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="1992">Yoon, 1992 p.102</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<emphasis id="B97DD33F6440FFF5FF4FFAA7FF2D5223" bold="true" box="[151,236,1329,1353]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Range:</emphasis>
Previously, mammalogists thought the least weasel in
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD6440FFF5FC81FAA4FC5F5223" box="[857,926,1330,1353]" name="South Korea" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Korea</collectingCountry>
had a distribution limited to the northeastern Korean Peninsula (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6440FFF5FEB4FAC0FE275204" author="Won" box="[364,486,1365,1390]" firstAuthor="Won" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refId="ref125422" refString="Won, H. K. (1968) The mammals of Korea. Institute of Science Press, Pyeongyang, 408 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="1968">Won 1968</bibRefCitation>
). However, although very rare, the least weasel is now found throughout most of the Korean Peninsula (NIBR 2012;
<figureCitation id="133213A86440FFF5FE26FAEFFD9052F8" box="[510,593,1401,1426]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="75.[151,250,1780,1802]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,301,1759]" captionTargetId="figure@75.[340,1247,301,1759]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURE 47. Range map of Mustela nivalis in Korea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4571836" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4571836/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3135CA66440FFF5FF1FFA0BFA9C51BC" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D6440FFF5FF1FFA0BFAA15100" blockId="74.[151,1436,1329,1750]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6440FFF5FF1FFA0BFEFC52DF" bold="true" box="[199,317,1437,1461]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Remarks:</emphasis>
The least weasel is recognized in
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD6440FFF5FD12FA08FCCE52DF" box="[714,783,1438,1461]" name="South Korea" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Korea</collectingCountry>
as the Subspecies
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6440FFF5FC30FA08FB6F52DF" box="[1000,1198,1438,1461]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">M. n. mosanensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6440FFF5FB67FA08FAFB52DC" author="Won" box="[1215,1338,1437,1462]" firstAuthor="Won" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refId="ref125422" refString="Won, H. K. (1968) The mammals of Korea. Institute of Science Press, Pyeongyang, 408 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="1968">Won 1968</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6440FFF5FA97FA0BFF2052B0" author="Corbet" firstAuthor="Corbet" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refId="ref98305" refString="Corbet, G. B. (1978) The mammals of the Palaearctic region: a taxonomic review. British Museum (Natural History), London, 314 pp." type="book" year="1978">Corbet (1978)</bibRefCitation>
relegated most populations in Eurasia, including
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6440FFF5FCD5FA54FC1152B3" box="[781,976,1474,1497]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">M. n. mosanensis</emphasis>
, to a synonym of M. n.
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE6440FFF5FB04FA57FF135294" authority="Linnaeus, 1766" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1766" class="Mammalia" family="Mustelidae" genus="Mustela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nivalis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6440FFF5FB04FA57FAE652B0" box="[1244,1319,1473,1498]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">nivalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6440FFF5FAF6FA57FF135294" author="Linnaeus" firstAuthor="Linnaeus" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refId="ref112069" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1766) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Fol. 1. 13 th Edition. Typis Joannis Thomae, Vindobonae, 532 pp. [in Latin]" type="book" year="1766">Linnaeus, 1766</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6440FFF5FF04FA73FD9C5294" author="Abramov and Baryshnikov" box="[220,605,1509,1534]" firstAuthor="Abramov" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="365 - 402" refId="ref93982" refString="Abramov, A. V. &amp; Baryshnikov, G. F. (2000) Geographic variation and intraspecific taxonomy of weasel Mustela nivalis (Carnivora, Mustelidae). Zoosystematica Rossica, 8, 365 - 402." type="journal article" year="2000">Abramov and Baryshnikov (2000)</bibRefCitation>
identified 19 subspecies and confirmed one subspecies,
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6440FFF5FB0BFA70FA5D5297" box="[1235,1436,1510,1533]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">M. n. mosanensis,</emphasis>
in the Korean Peninsula, despite difference in coloration between northern and southern
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD6440FFF5FB57F99CFB16514B" box="[1167,1239,1546,1569]" name="South Korea" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Korea</collectingCountry>
. Specimens from northern
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD6440FFF5FED9F9B8FE87512F" box="[257,326,1582,1605]" name="South Korea" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Korea</collectingCountry>
showed
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE6440FFF5FE6AF9BBFE3D512C" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1766" box="[434,508,1581,1606]" class="Mammalia" family="Mustelidae" genus="Mustela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nivalis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6440FFF5FE6AF9BBFE3D512C" box="[434,508,1581,1606]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">nivalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-coloration in which the winter coat turns completely white; however, southern population showed
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE6440FFF5FEAAF9C7FE0F5100" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[370,462,1617,1642]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6440FFF5FEAAF9C7FE0F5100" box="[370,462,1617,1642]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">vulgaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-coloration with incomplete white coloration in winter coats (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6440FFF5FBA6F9C7FA955100" author="Choi &amp; Choi" box="[1150,1364,1617,1642]" firstAuthor="Choi" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refId="ref98021" refString="Choi, T. Y. &amp; Choi, H. M. (2007) Illustrated Encyclopedia of wildlife in Korea. Dolbegae publishing company, Paju, 303 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="2007">Choi &amp; Choi 2007</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D6440FFF5FF1FF9E2FA9C51BC" blockId="74.[151,1436,1329,1750]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6440FFF5FF1FF9E2FE7F51E7" bold="true" box="[199,446,1652,1677]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Conservation status:</emphasis>
The North Korean government designated habitat of
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE6440FFF5FBC5F9E0FB4F51E4" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1766" box="[1053,1166,1653,1678]" class="Mammalia" family="Mustelidae" genus="Mustela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nivalis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6440FFF5FBC5F9E0FB4F51E4" box="[1053,1166,1653,1678]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">M. nivalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Mayang District, Musan County, Hamgyeongbuk Province as a Natural Monument in 1980.
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE6440FFF5FC3DF90CFB9751D8" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1766" box="[997,1110,1689,1714]" class="Mammalia" family="Mustelidae" genus="Mustela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nivalis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6440FFF5FC3DF90CFB9751D8" box="[997,1110,1689,1714]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">M. nivalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD6440FFF5FBA3F90FFAC951DB" box="[1147,1288,1689,1714]" name="South Korea" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">South Korea</collectingCountry>
are regarded as Vulnerable (NIBR 2012) and in
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD6440FFF5FDE9F92BFD7F51BF" box="[561,702,1725,1750]" name="North Korea" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">North Korea</collectingCountry>
as Rare (MAB
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6440FFF5FC5AF92BFA9051BC" author="National Committee of DPR Korea" box="[898,1361,1725,1750]" firstAuthor="National Committee of DPR Korea" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refId="ref112594" refString="MAB National Committee of DPR Korea (2002) Red Data Book of DPRK (Animal). Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Pyongyang, 316 pp." type="book" year="2002">
National Committee of DPR
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD6440FFF5FB11F928FACF51BF" box="[1225,1294,1726,1749]" name="South Korea" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Korea</collectingCountry>
2002
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>