89 lines
12 KiB
XML
89 lines
12 KiB
XML
<document id="EB64ED7EB43E756F40E6659453629B06" ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="62345364-7287-4277-9efa-f628aab56456" ModsDocID="z01551p031" checkinTime="1247324133964" checkinUser="thomas" docAuthor="Jonathan H. Walsh & David A. Ebert" docDate="2007" docId="A6068811B302EF2A2740562C79E26ACC" docLanguage="en" docName="2007_Walsh_Ebert_gg1.xml" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1551" docSource="http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:DD00E8E3-2C28-41A8-A401-E0D00DA325B9" docTitle="Squatina Dumeril" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="32" masterDocId="B7D8EEA7B6D99A7AE0DA9D9FF27F9CAF" masterDocTitle="A review of the systematics of western North Pacific angel sharks, genus Squatina, with redescriptions of Squatina formosa, S. japonica, and S. nebulosa (Chondrichthyes: Squatiniformes, Squatinidae)." masterLastPageNumber="47" masterPageNumber="31" pageNumber="31" updateTime="1701314684852" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="FDC6FB45AEDC94D1A65F863C6C5FC65F">A review of the systematics of western North Pacific angel sharks, genus Squatina, with redescriptions of Squatina formosa, S. japonica, and S. nebulosa (Chondrichthyes: Squatiniformes, Squatinidae).</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F6522E6718B5F8430C12D37D71B4C154">Jonathan H. Walsh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FDF8EB1B4B8F671731F212B5F3C27E38">David A. Ebert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B36423E424B062428833301DACEFECA1">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="AE5F692EE85CFC1BA499B11FA4A3D5E0">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="16B5486260464D84804286CE9229A88B">1551</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="ADF393AB4EC6A17089C1479E690EC149" type="Plazi-Custom">z01551p031</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A6068811B302EF2A2740562C79E26ACC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6242926" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100121799" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6242926" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A6068811B302EF2A2740562C79E26ACC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A6068811B302EF2A2740562C79E26ACC" lastPageNumber="32" pageNumber="31">
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<subSubSection id="B0CF0ED71EACECF8CAEFE709D6721F5C" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D2C2859BE130C6031CDAF5D0FA7C44D8" pageNumber="31">
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[[ Genus
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<taxonomicName id="E699BA070FFAA1E15E98E26D8F7F1A90" ID-CoL="7LRS" ID-ENA="55141" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2B9CCE5C-316C-44E4-B124-7DF961210153" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squatinidae" genus="Squatina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Squatina Risso 1810:45" order="Squatiniformes" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Squatina Dumeril</taxonomicName>
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]]
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="199FFAC23FE705E0BED839602106881B" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="93449931404E9080D1A06F3AC8F6B427" pageNumber="31">
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<taxonomicName id="69449BE9D7D2BCD8D3A0AF4DC4252DB9" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2B9CCE5C-316C-44E4-B124-7DF961210153" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squatinidae" genus="Squatina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Squatina Risso 1810:45" order="Squatiniformes" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Squatina Dumeril, 1806</taxonomicName>
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is a monotypic genus within the family Squatinidae (Bonaparte, 1838). Although morphologically similar to batoids, squatinids are distinct from true batoids in that the squatinids have lateral gill openings, pectoral fin lobes that are free lateral to the gills, and possess a lower caudal fin lobe that is longer than the upper caudal lobe. Within the genus these sharks can be difficult to distinguish due to the lack of well defined characteristics. Adding to the confusion in the literature are the inadequate original descriptions of many species.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2D6636DCA00A92F6A592F288AC542CE5" pageNumber="31">
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Sixteen valid species are recognized worldwide, with four reported to occur in the western North Pacific (WNP; Compagno et al., 2005). These four species include
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<taxonomicName id="A1C6DE2D5CFE6A2EACBBD3985475AFFE" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C995E0F2-9BA7-4F6B-9726-E20E986E0BFE" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squatinidae" genus="Squatina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Squatina formosa Shen & Ting 1972:21" order="Squatiniformes" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosa">Squatina formosa Shen and Ting, 1972</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="60BE08C96D7822610575D52684417A2F" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:605F995D-6CF7-494C-AD85-65000563A021" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squatinidae" genus="Squatina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Squatina japonica Bleeker 1858:40" order="Squatiniformes" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="japonica">S. japonica Bleeker, 1858</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="855EF7A8312C7936B4D10F5E102C3891" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D454401C-992B-4434-8434-FA522035C589" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squatinidae" genus="Squatina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Squatina nebulosa Regan 1906:439" order="Squatiniformes" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nebulosa">S. nebulosa Regan, 1906</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="A17116C181AB6047C64D79A00AA652B3" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A0160AC7-329C-46D5-9BEA-7DC2BACCF091" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squatinidae" genus="Squatina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Squatina tergocellatoides Chen 1963:98" order="Squatiniformes" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tergocellatoides">S. tergocellatoides Chen, 1963</taxonomicName>
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. Distinctions among these four WNP species hinge upon the nasal barbel shape, interorbital and interspiracle distances, ocellus patterns, number of dermal folds about the mouth, and the presence of midback thorns (Lindberg & Legeza, 1967; Shen & Ting, 1972; Nakabo, 2002). However, specific identification is hard to assign to individuals because many of these characters are difficult to distinguish, and many characters currently used are susceptible to damage during collection or from preservation. Additionally, inadequate original descriptions for some species and confusion within the subsequent literature have further obscured definitive characters among the WNP species. Because members of this genus are frequently targeted in fisheries in an area that has sparsely recorded catch information, and congeners are particularly sensitive to fishing pressure (Gaida, 1997; Stevens et al, 2000), it is imperative that adequate descriptions are available to identify individual species.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8E27CCBF9B327944829F45630BAF2B96" pageNumber="32">
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During two field expeditions to Taiwan, one of us (DAE) observed at least four species of
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<taxonomicName id="E43ECE5A124F1D032C91FF51CBC9D818" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2B9CCE5C-316C-44E4-B124-7DF961210153" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squatinidae" genus="Squatina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Squatina Risso 1810:45" order="Squatiniformes" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Squatina</taxonomicName>
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that were frequently landed at fish markets around Taiwan. Attempts to identify the various species were often hampered by a lack of adequate fish keys and descriptive characters for the various
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<taxonomicName id="28D54A6EB3509292F0F46B968F2D8FDC" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2B9CCE5C-316C-44E4-B124-7DF961210153" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squatinidae" genus="Squatina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Squatina Risso 1810:45" order="Squatiniformes" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Squatina</taxonomicName>
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species observed. Furthermore, we had the opportunity to examine the holotype and three paratypes of
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<taxonomicName id="FBBE83C4688D5B2BF6A552631E675DA0" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C995E0F2-9BA7-4F6B-9726-E20E986E0BFE" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squatinidae" genus="Squatina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Squatina formosa Shen & Ting 1972:21" order="Squatiniformes" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosa">S. formosa</taxonomicName>
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as well as collect additional material.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D472AD8D848AB82CBBA8B1A14938D408" pageNumber="32">
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Using this information, we provide a detailed redescription of three of the species,
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<taxonomicName id="1A981F930CDFCFFB2C5608E130D0CBDA" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C995E0F2-9BA7-4F6B-9726-E20E986E0BFE" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squatinidae" genus="Squatina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Squatina formosa Shen & Ting 1972:21" order="Squatiniformes" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosa">S. formosa</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="A716371EE30616DC219BB472D66170BA" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:605F995D-6CF7-494C-AD85-65000563A021" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squatinidae" genus="Squatina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Squatina japonica Bleeker 1858:40" order="Squatiniformes" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="japonica">S. japonica</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="FAC27989E7ECE0C233528CBDAAFE2146" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D454401C-992B-4434-8434-FA522035C589" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squatinidae" genus="Squatina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Squatina nebulosa Regan 1906:439" order="Squatiniformes" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nebulosa">S. nebulosa</taxonomicName>
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, with new material from Japanese and Taiwanese waters. In addition, we supply a list of important key characters for distinguishing all known WNP squatinids, especially to facilitate identification of the two most similar species,
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<taxonomicName id="B79FCD937762410F0BA93EC21DD2E7BC" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C995E0F2-9BA7-4F6B-9726-E20E986E0BFE" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squatinidae" genus="Squatina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Squatina formosa Shen & Ting 1972:21" order="Squatiniformes" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosa">S. formosa</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="29B4E05CD85F9D48A8A212DB65AE9002" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D454401C-992B-4434-8434-FA522035C589" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squatinidae" genus="Squatina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Squatina nebulosa Regan 1906:439" order="Squatiniformes" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nebulosa">S. nebulosa</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |