272 lines
32 KiB
XML
272 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="BCF62E141EB3745D0D93CB10921733E1" ID-CLB-Dataset="35559" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.590.7950" ID-GBIF-Dataset="07ba29ab-a802-4999-bc2c-c810f4c15eeb" ID-PMC="PMC4926625" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-590-1" ID-PubMed="27408540" ID-ZooBank="BE34EA62E27346BB9FE64660953EDFE8" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-590-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 590" ModsDocTitle="A taxonomic review of the centipede genus Scolopendra Linnaeus, 1758 (Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae) in mainland Southeast Asia, with description of a new species from Laos" checkinTime="1463538265886" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Siriwut, Warut, Edgecombe, Gregory D., Sutcharit, Chirasak, Tongkerd, Piyoros & Panha, Somsak" docDate="2016" docId="3E310D802D090D83176F8FEEFE9992AE" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 590: 1-124" docOrigin="ZooKeys 590" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.590.7950" docTitle="Scolopendra calcarata Porat 1876" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="8336627CFFD687314430512FFF89C507" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic review of the centipede genus Scolopendra Linnaeus, 1758 (Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae) in mainland Southeast Asia, with description of a new species from Laos" masterLastPageNumber="124" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="30" updateTime="1701380963054" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="BBDB6DD324571CFA4BA517F185B047C7">A taxonomic review of the centipede genus Scolopendra Linnaeus, 1758 (Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae) in mainland Southeast Asia, with description of a new species from Laos</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="01190BB57038C43696117551C8CBC6CA">Siriwut, Warut</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C42902A004670BD9402C3C6986EDA546">Edgecombe, Gregory D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2F35E34BCE4C5E8CB633380C26D61D29">Sutcharit, Chirasak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1855DA56FF14A36E5BD56178A06B1D2D">Tongkerd, Piyoros</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EB3D1D12D9B4C0EF1F0B0FBEE8DBDF51">Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="53F5834CA9E894A9DBE6242F17BF4455">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5033DC2523448D24D798E33FC9142F43">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="9ADF9835CAE67987B5E92BE2CCC5635A" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="2A86CE156436E03A1162B3C4C53C7433">590</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="07638245C1B437A55524CE12E4B4CB1E">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.590.7950</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="D7D23A1F0D15A41074B656AC6EEEFA85">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B6FB1B72E0669B08C8FBA7945D2C060B" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.590.7950</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="3E310D802D090D83176F8FEEFE9992AE" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127864229" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3E310D802D090D83176F8FEEFE9992AE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3E310D802D090D83176F8FEEFE9992AE" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<subSubSection id="3F0551B64D03DA36DBEBF4C52C0F28FA" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="4B607883D61E01819687917457C9B807" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Taxon classification Animalia Scolopendromorpha Scolopendridae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="610895809398401FC3B18FEFF78B9E8D" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1D71998709454763242A0255E11CF590" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<taxonomicName id="A51282C54B0D9DAD900DC47B2EC7A9A2" ID-CoL="4VS66" authority="Porat, 1876" authorityName="Porat" authorityYear="1876" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra calcarata" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calcarata">Scolopendra calcarata Porat, 1876</taxonomicName>
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Figs 9B, 25B, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AD4C9702E33367D35EF03758673AEE91" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="6DB1ED5A557F2CB7A29F9E44CDB1EC2A" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<taxonomicName id="EB56BF9BD6D4922B4E7FA8D5CF70E42A" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra calcarata" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calcarata">
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<pageBreakToken id="FDCFFC47C5447BA4A260EF2789D1DCF9" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" start="start">Scolopendra</pageBreakToken>
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calcarata
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</taxonomicName>
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Porat, 1876: 10.
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<bibRefCitation id="6C605BA646AEE6D2B43AF708149FCF33" author="Haase, E" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen und Berichte des Koeniglichen zoologischen und anthropologisch-ethnographischen Museum zu Dresden" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 118" title="Die Indisch-Australischen Myriopoden. 1. Chilopoden." volume="4" year="1887">Haase 1887</bibRefCitation>
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: 51.
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<bibRefCitation id="41335C069D4DDC20A8F968976035C4AE" author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Walter de Gruyter, Berlin" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" title="Myriapoda 2. Scolopendromorpha." year="1930 b">Attems 1930b</bibRefCitation>
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: 33.
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<bibRefCitation id="89D4E7287DC54495EB1CC18F851BF34F" author="Zhang, C" journalOrPublisher="Chinese Journal of Zoology" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="8 - 11" title="Scolopendra." volume="27" year="1992">Zhang 1992</bibRefCitation>
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: 6, map 1.
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<bibRefCitation id="F39F9D66D98D2A429A75C27ED3240A43" author="Schileyko, AA" journalOrPublisher="Arthropoda Selecta" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="73 - 87" title="The scolopendromorph centipedes of Vietnam (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha). Part 2." volume="4" year="1995">Schileyko 1995</bibRefCitation>
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: 77, fig. 3,
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<bibRefCitation id="3E19E52B3871BDD9FCC90F8C53678B05" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">1998</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 268,
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<bibRefCitation id="40766E33AE2B24852FD535B577F3EFD2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">2001</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 434,
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<bibRefCitation id="9D53300FAD75A24A9BFFC1E56378AD45" author="Schileyko, AA" journalOrPublisher="Arthropoda Selecta" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="71 - 95" title="The scolopendromorph centipedes (Chilopoda) of Vietnam, with contributions to the faunas of Cambodia and Laos. Part 3." volume="16" year="2007">2007</bibRefCitation>
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: 74.
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<bibRefCitation id="19A7610AFD896E0CBCC186DCADE6FBF5" author="Lewis, JGE" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Myriapodology" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="83 - 122" title="A key and annotated list of the Scolopendra species of the Old World with a reappraisal of Arthrorhabdus (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha: Scolopendridae)." url="10.1163/187525410X12578602960380" volume="3" year="2010 b">Lewis 2010b</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 98.
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<bibRefCitation id="CBE12255571DBC1213C36EECCAFD9733" author="Tran, BTT" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="219 - 244" title="An annotated checklist of centipedes (Chilopoda) of Vietnam." url="10.11646/zootaxa.3722.2.6" volume="3722" year="2013">Tran et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 227.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="9842DE956DC8CC345BAE768C77D0DDD5" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="type locality">
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<paragraph id="AF6697B76AE6088E4FABACBAD445021D" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0402A1231EEB81CE9CA456360D7C35A8" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">China.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ECD783406E285610D127908CBE31FE7C" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="67D70546BE08CF56610D11F86A172225" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B3829A6C67BF469011CBE318B918D3E7" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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Holotype: NHRS-KASI 000000042, one female with label "
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<taxonomicName id="3371AF66756D1833647B2F77579B1302" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra calcarata" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calcarata">Scolopendra calcarata</taxonomicName>
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v. Por" from Kina [China] in Kinberg collection (Figs 32, 33).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="AABF834C55F88E24D84EA5C0F3029EBD" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<paragraph id="DCA50326F4713A5B493A5213C6C82783" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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Figure 30.
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<taxonomicName id="4709B60034E8EA0994A6E5DE84455CC5" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra calcarata" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calcarata">Scolopendra calcarata</taxonomicName>
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(CUMZ 00418): A Tooth-plates B Cephalic plate and trunk segments 1-3 C Forcipular segment
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<normalizedToken id="4E0268FD3EDE85ABDFC2F9DE1ED8E102" originalValue="D–F">D-F</normalizedToken>
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Spiracles 3, 5 and 8, respectively.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="897CDC98C039DF1B13AF094447907DC9" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<paragraph id="048007024D06BD48CC02BFD8C60EEA67" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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Figure 31.
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<taxonomicName id="3F0577CFFC250CFFB0B02785CA4CA63A" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra calcarata" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calcarata">Scolopendra calcarata</taxonomicName>
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(CUMZ 00418): A Tergites 8-12 B Sternite of ultimate leg-bearing segment and coxopleura C Tergite of ultimate leg-bearing segment D Sternites 10-12
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<normalizedToken id="FCDAF0FE72628A0CBE261AF537A437EF" originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
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Dorsal and ventral views of ultimate leg prefemora.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="801DA0A3F8D4ED54FEC81F22FBCB5EE8" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<paragraph id="DB41899DD4CE8CE62B9CB4E05F3B1F88" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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Figure 32.
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<taxonomicName id="04AE449F0FC1F08B8E04B72D387E15A6" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra calcarata" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calcarata">Scolopendra calcarata</taxonomicName>
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(Holotype
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<normalizedToken id="5C17CD168A3E61223C855BED86CF2ECD" originalValue="NHRS–KASI">NHRS-KASI</normalizedToken>
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000000042): A Cephalic plate and trunk segments 1-5 B Tergites 8-11 C Tooth-plates D Forcipular segment
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<normalizedToken id="08634DC6396B934465DF62D8EBB1DEE3" originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
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Spiracles 3 and 5, respectively.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="7E32FF51E7BA9087E13D1BCB678EF4DB" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<paragraph id="BF7E7F709578035FE2D1C6D396DC9C8C" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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Figure 33.
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<taxonomicName id="409B36A6D65CD71D991CF7BF05FFA060" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra calcarata" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calcarata">Scolopendra calcarata</taxonomicName>
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(Holotype
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<normalizedToken id="5C7799C83D6A3C948161F32912ED2AC5" originalValue="NHRS–KASI">NHRS-KASI</normalizedToken>
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000000042): A Sternites 10-12 B Sternite of ultimate leg-bearing segment, coxopleura and ventral view of ultimate legs C Tergite of ultimate leg-bearing segment and dorsal view of legs 20 and ultimate legs.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9AF55805E30D5E5CD7A35C2A37A60590" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="1230AC5119566A7922ECA71933615BF3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Additional material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C768C16113E51BB58FF0F3B6F5808021" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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Thailand - CUMZ 00417, one spm., Wat Mae Long, Mae Chaem, Chiang Mai (
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<geoCoordinate id="C1882452204A8A86A0A13A923F3E3F19" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="18.228422">18°13'42.315"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="4063B205D5E19E984B68AA4A218E77AD" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.43973">98°26'23.003"E</geoCoordinate>
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). CUMZ 00418, one spm., Lan
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<pageBreakToken id="D42386A3FAAD1B74D256D28ECF0FC95E" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" start="start">Sang</pageBreakToken>
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Waterfall, Mueang, Tak (
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<geoCoordinate id="72D95386C37098CC62E4750DF2E5498B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="16.776905">16°46'36.861"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="8D26D74EB145126958B0D4A7BD28763E" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.010956">99°0'39.441"E</geoCoordinate>
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). CUMZ 00312, one spm., Chong Kao Khat (Hellfire Pass), Kanchanaburi (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE566DEBDEAEADC8276D40C629584B17" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.3798895">14°22'47.6"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="1C23A74CFB6FE7C56E1E1952D61DA647" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.92992">98°55'47.7"E</geoCoordinate>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5935816550FC53BC95C2500AD2F85704" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="AE791921A398EA0273CF03D2AD88C56D" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="34270A76BC8ED2E7F5CB59EA69959EA2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">17 antennal articles, 4-6 basal articles glabrous dorsally. Each tooth-plate with 5-8 teeth. Tergites 3-20 with paramedian sutures. Complete margination only on tergite of ultimate leg-bearing segment. Tergite of ultimate leg-bearing segment without depression or median suture. Incomplete paramedian sutures on sternites. Coxopleural process with 3-4 apical, 0-3 subapical and 0-1 lateral spines, without dorsal spine. Ultimate leg prefemora with 4-12 VL, 0-12 VM, 1-5 M, 2 DM, prefemoral process with 3-5 spines. One tarsal spur on legs 1-21.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CB9476B96B8B16B33D47B1338CBA58E3" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="description">
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<paragraph id="13F7BACE0F73ECE4D9F26061004FCE2F" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Composite description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="05098625CF611604113883818CFFEB43" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Body length up to 5.3 cm. Blackish colouration on most of dorsal part of body. Cephalic plate dichromatic; anterior part of cephalic plate dark blue or black, posterior margin green yellowish (Fig. 30B). Antenna dark blue. Tergites dark blue or nearly blackish. All legs light blue, their basal part yellowish. Cephalic plate with median sulcus on anterior part. Posterior part of cephalic plate without paramedian sulci.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C8EFE60A521E9B1897A07450AF5562B6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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Antenna usually with 17 articles, basal 4-6 subcylindrical, glabrous dorsally (Fig. 34C), 3.3 glabrous articles ventrally. Antenna reaching segments 3-4. Forcipular trochanteroprefemoral process with denticles in two groups, one apical and 2-3 inner. Tooth-plates with 5-8 teeth (Figs 30A, 34
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<normalizedToken id="5C797FE00E49C5DB4062F11CE7F705F5" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||
). Tooth-plate with straight, transverse basal suture. Coxosternite smooth, without median suture (Figs 30C, 34E). Article 2 of second maxillary telopodite with spur.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="0A41024579047F9E90D64A6AEA3D911F" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<paragraph id="2B578811E35D3320EB69004BFC7DFF52" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
Figure 34.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC3006A3F2ECF5E6D431A229E192FB4" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra calcarata" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calcarata">Scolopendra calcarata</taxonomicName>
|
||
(CUMZ 00418):
|
||
<normalizedToken id="035E4BFFB2CA239C87863F36371B5811" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||
Variation of teeth on tooth-plates C Cephalic plate and basal antennal articles D Tergites 9-11 E Forcipular segment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="EFBFF818B281A081C511316B8667A73D" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="B0B409FA68F9B118B1698074D57ABA1F" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" start="start">Anterior</pageBreakToken>
|
||
margin of T1 underlying cephalic plate (Figs 30B, 34C). Complete paramedian sutures from TT3-4; tergite margination only on T21 (starting on T15 in holotype). Tergite surfaces (Figs 31A, 34D) smooth, without median sulci. Tergite of ultimate leg-bearing segment with curved, acute posterior margin (Figs 31C, 35E), lacking median furrow or depression; ratio of width: length of tergite of ultimate leg-bearing segment 0.87:1. Sternites (Figs 31D, 35A) with incomplete paramedian sutures occupying anterior 10-30%. Surface of sternites smooth, without depression. Sternite of ultimate leg-bearing segment (Figs 31B, 35D) with sides converging posteriorly. Pore-field on coxopleuron terminating well beneath margin of tergite of ultimate leg-bearing segment, dorsal margin of pore area elevated equally along its length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="3D1846B584337A289BF46EF6AEE9FA43" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<paragraph id="083AF23F13085251D99E972F1F412D84" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
Figure 35.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AA8C98B056911B0A58BE40EDCE02ABC" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra calcarata" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calcarata">Scolopendra calcarata</taxonomicName>
|
||
(CUMZ 00418): A Sternites 9-11
|
||
<normalizedToken id="77E325B1B9F0F3A0B9C48A8762D0D5C0" originalValue="B–C">B-C</normalizedToken>
|
||
Dorsal and ventral views, respectively, of ultimate leg prefemora D Sternite of ultimate leg-bearing segment and coxopleura E Tergite of ultimate leg-bearing segment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="BEB364B318FE98C7802921FD35CDCFD8" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Coxopleural process moderately long, with 3-4 apical, 0-3 subapical and 0-1 lateral spines, without dorsal spine. Pore-free area extending 50-75% length from distal part of coxopleural process to margin of sternite of ultimate leg-bearing segment (Figs 31B, 35D).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8FD82E159CA37D27B86FE268BBE1F5D9" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
All legs with small setae, without tibial spur. One tarsal spur on legs 1-21. Ultimate legs moderately long and slender, with ratios of lengths of prefemur and femur 1.2:1, femur and tibia 1.2:1, tibia and tarsus 2 1.4:1.; tarsus 1 and tarsus 2 2.6:1. Prefemoral spines (Figs 31
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5B58CBD2D757D314A8F36697BCE456D1" originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 35
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B37B71B012CF23C999BA3894A988E45D" originalValue="B–C">B-C</normalizedToken>
|
||
): 4-7 VL, 0-3 VM, 1-5 M, 1-7 DM, prefemoral process with 2-5 spines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D797933A6A0F5D0E315373C4ED0016A9" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Genital segments well developed, reaching longer than distance between posterior margin of sternite of ultimate leg-bearing segment and distal part of coxopleural process. Sternite of genital segment 1 round and convex posteriorly, with median suture (Fig. 25B). In male, sternite of genital segment 2 well developed. Tergites of genital segments with small setae.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8E4AE0B75DC6161E698B91D42C91B9A0" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="B987EC6502F1EF0CCF5B51A7E614D555" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5EA8CDA145FEEA79FF8DFBD799D41B19" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
This montane species was sometimes collected together with other scolopendrids such as species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="638450D644AEB657052D389FC1935D8A" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Otostigmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Otostigmus" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Otostigmus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="360AF491F9175C424F3E564EDF029662" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhysida</taxonomicName>
|
||
. External phenotypic characters are similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="441C00126A712498A3D17363FFC7F26B" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra pinguis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinguis">Scolopendra pinguis</taxonomicName>
|
||
but the unique, diagnostic character that permits species identification is the presence of a tarsal spur on the ultimate legs, which is atypical for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7CC8039082EC9DB98469AC0FFC47A13" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Scolopendra</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, this character has been reported in some individuals of a few other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DDD9600A6B437B3DA67BABE3386BB3BE" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Scolopendra</taxonomicName>
|
||
species in Southeast Asia, notably
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25DACFA1FE33D1BACFD4DE04BFE7328C" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra subcrustalis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subcrustalis">Scolopendra subcrustalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7EA9350D690E1903210AA1A14466C211" author="Kronmueller, C" journalOrPublisher="Arthropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="48 - 51" title="A new species of Scolopender from the Philippines (Chilopoda: Scolopendridae)." volume="17" year="2009">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3CC3E3FA310D3356242CB9D78CC8B774" originalValue="Kronmüller">Kronmueller</normalizedToken>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="877C99482B3CB58D9A01CE7429CA4129" author="Lewis, JGE" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Myriapodology" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="83 - 122" title="A key and annotated list of the Scolopendra species of the Old World with a reappraisal of Arthrorhabdus (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha: Scolopendridae)." url="10.1163/187525410X12578602960380" volume="3" year="2010 b">Lewis 2010b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We also recorded the occurrence of a tarsal spur on the ultimate leg in two juveniles of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3D7E72A7A9F920D4AE449F2BFBBAD369" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra subspinipes" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subspinipes">Scolopendra subspinipes</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Yokohama, Japan (NHMW 758). For this reason, variation in tarsal spurs on legs needs to be used cautiously for justification of species boundaries when sample size is limited. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C894C520DE2B0F1192719DFEAEAC0DA1" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra calcarata" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calcarata">Scolopendra calcarata</taxonomicName>
|
||
is readily distinguished morphologically from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="54A6342DFB94EE49E4CB5A0BC1C48B76" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra subspinipes" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subspinipes">Scolopendra subspinipes</taxonomicName>
|
||
s.l. and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B1DD8E5EB4BDA12E8CA43FF51743A2BD" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra subcrustalis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subcrustalis">Scolopendra subcrustalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the number of glabrous antennal articles (four glabrous dorsally), only the tergite of the ultimate leg-bearing segment showing margination, sternites with incomplete paramedian sutures, and 4-5 apical and subapical spines on the coxopleural process. All specimens from Thailand and the description of Vietnamese populations by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="30D946057B6F9E89622C6D303139F4DB" author="Schileyko, AA" journalOrPublisher="Arthropoda Selecta" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="73 - 87" title="The scolopendromorph centipedes of Vietnam (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha). Part 2." volume="4" year="1995">Schileyko (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
consistently exhibited a tarsal spur on the ultimate legs. However, some characteristics seem to be variable between these two populations, such as a count of six glabrous antennal articles in Vietnam versus four in Thailand (four in the original description), the last
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="5F069BB6AD4D3ACC8EEC062EC22C23DA" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" start="start">4</pageBreakToken>
|
||
-6 tergites marginated versus only the tergite of the ultimate leg-bearing segment (but in original description, margination starting from TT12 (13)), the sternite of the ultimate leg-bearing segment with a median depression versus its absence, and the arrangement of spines on the ultimate leg prefemur. With respect to the latter, Vietnamese populations exhibited 9-12 VL, 11-12 VM, 2-3 both M and DM, and 2 spines on the prefemoral process versus 4-7 VL, 0-3 VM, 1-2 M, 1-2 DM, and 2-4 spines on the prefemoral process in Thai populations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B2466EB66CA0EDA8751D95F9ECB1393F" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Morphological similarity between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A4E64B126E0E17572AF23FD9B010ECC3" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra calcarata" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calcarata">Scolopendra calcarata</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A4412323D0568A6002F73742F2F364EE" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra pinguis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinguis">Scolopendra pinguis</taxonomicName>
|
||
is indicated by several characteristics, including the number of antennal articles, the shape of teeth on the forcipular tooth-plates (these being in the form of minute denticles), and the number of spines on the coxopleural process. In addition, the habitat preferences of these two species resemble each other, both of them being found only in montane territory, and they also show similar dichromatic colouration patterns. There is no evidence from our survey that these two species are distributed sympatrically. These characters are consistent with the molecular phylogeny, which resolves these two species as sister taxa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CD71DEC7465C5444D955A43AF103E43F" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="4A80A6A8185D4DF6720914D3045E68BC" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9236F81FA1609F7C3003E5C6B40C7B69" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
This species is quite rare in tropical mainland Southeast Asia, usually distributed along mountain ranges in the western territory of Thailand (Fig. 29). A few specimens were found in the eastern plateau.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="18B7CAF648F20AF7E77DE7FAA26420E1" author="Schileyko, AA" journalOrPublisher="Arthropoda Selecta" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="73 - 87" title="The scolopendromorph centipedes of Vietnam (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha). Part 2." volume="4" year="1995">Schileyko (1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8E62B7C0D28E643AC534125242F28FAC" author="Schileyko, AA" journalOrPublisher="Arthropoda Selecta" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="71 - 95" title="The scolopendromorph centipedes (Chilopoda) of Vietnam, with contributions to the faunas of Cambodia and Laos. Part 3." volume="16" year="2007">2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) also reported material from northern Vietnam, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="48105230A5AB0B817EA8A586302C4315" author="Zhang, C" journalOrPublisher="Chinese Journal of Zoology" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="8 - 11" title="Scolopendra." volume="27" year="1992">Zhang (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recorded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7C8CFDBC8A53B3B24A0540D59017B81C" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra calcarata" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calcarata">Scolopendra calcarata</taxonomicName>
|
||
in southern China. We combine all records of this species from previous literature and our new collections to provide and updated distribution as follows: Southeast Asia: Thailand (Kanchanaburi, Tak and Chiang Mai) and Vietnam (fide
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6C3E1D17422A225F220D639161B24A10" author="Schileyko, AA" journalOrPublisher="Arthropoda Selecta" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="71 - 95" title="The scolopendromorph centipedes (Chilopoda) of Vietnam, with contributions to the faunas of Cambodia and Laos. Part 3." volume="16" year="2007">Schileyko (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: Mai Chau, Tam Dao National Park, Cat Ba National Park and Ba Vi National Park). East Asia: South China.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |