243 lines
32 KiB
XML
243 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="A43569271D7F787DA8B688E97ACCA29C" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5424.3.3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10821361" ID-ZooBank="524CF65D-F877-42E1-B983-EDC7D3ED1623" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1710500736614" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gordon, Dennis P., Randolph Quek, Z. B. & Huang, Danwei" docDate="2024" docId="0381104DFFD5B945EAF0FF33F4DFF8F2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5424.3.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5424 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5424.3.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Rhabdopleura chathamica Gordon & Randolph Quek & Huang 2024, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="339" masterDocId="FFB86835FFC5B955EA67FFECF562FF83" masterDocTitle="Four new species and a ribosomal phylogeny of Rhabdopleura (Hemichordata: Graptolithina) from New Zealand, with a review and key to all described extant taxa" masterLastPageNumber="357" masterPageNumber="323" pageNumber="339" updateTime="1710501426125" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="6F517AAE93D3AF0B19F6F2C29A6E05A1">Four new species and a ribosomal phylogeny of Rhabdopleura (Hemichordata: Graptolithina) from New Zealand, with a review and key to all described extant taxa</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="B721AFAE62E1632985DAF671B41E9971" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="3FBDADE3DC24EECDC6492B1F4AD42A14">Gordon, Dennis P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3DEBA6D09186A0F4912561022C24A8D7">National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Private Bay 14901, Kilbirnie, Wellington 6241, New Zealand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="4A5C2A5ED7BDBBD19F6A70E023291714" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="AD1F4A35E019A8C2D383A520635B7C2E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="6B438036EAEE1F6B36F53B745E0F4E63">Randolph Quek, Z. B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="095ECE0F02778A1FDBE249A32573A8BB" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7998-7052</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="229888579FCC908047A87FFB924BF31E">National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Private Bay 14901, Kilbirnie, Wellington 6241, New Zealand & Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117558, Singapore</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="20D9F100698740F8127C2966614D2531" type="email">randolphquek@u.nus.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="D8A4F2D2F1C23D63096ADAC3467366B4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="7B2F67D95685AB2CB0C3CB5F8E6570F5">Huang, Danwei</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F5C32EE630B126E453B043FB85A941A5">National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Private Bay 14901, Kilbirnie, Wellington 6241, New Zealand & Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117558, Singapore & National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Private Bay 14901, Kilbirnie, Wellington 6241, New Zealand & Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, 2 Conservatory Drive, Singapore 117377, Singapore & National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Private Bay 14901, Kilbirnie, Wellington 6241, New Zealand & Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, 18 Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119227, Singapore & National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Private Bay 14901, Kilbirnie, Wellington 6241, New Zealand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="79FA446D8C839257A0F0FE9BC2D7F20E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="BD08F59476FB2129A6182BDE83AE2C96">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="FA9168DA1DE911E6E9554150F97ED786">
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<mods:date id="E32F11670F9D6FB0F704879E4B52743B">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="58F89F6462695CD2DE27629177083596">2024-03-14</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="5C839CCD297E1370A1D1AE684F9E464C">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5424.3.3</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="95F1549BC687DFB0F837D64368790569">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="499C6C01C7DF9341FDF1DF8807180B6F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5424.3.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0381104DFFD5B945EAF0FF33F4DFF8F2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10821355" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10821355" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0381104DFFD5B945EAF0FF33F4DFF8F2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0381104DFFD5B945EAF0FF33F4DFF8F2" lastPageNumber="339" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
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<subSubSection id="C332F2D0FFD5B945EAF0FF33F741FF7A" box="[151,547,223,250]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B97A15BFFD5B945EAF0FF33F741FF7A" blockId="16.[151,547,223,285]" box="[151,547,223,250]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
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<heading id="D0DF1637FFD5B945EAF0FF33F741FF7A" bold="true" box="[151,547,223,250]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945EAF0FF33F741FF7A" bold="true" box="[151,547,223,250]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
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<taxonomicName id="4C28DAD8FFD5B945EAF0FF33F4BBFF79" authority="Gordon & Randolph Quek & Huang, 2024" authorityName="Gordon & Randolph Quek & Huang" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,473,223,250]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Rhabdopleuridae" genus="Rhabdopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdopleurida" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="chathamica" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945EAF0FF33F4BBFF79" bold="true" box="[151,473,223,250]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Rhabdopleura chathamica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26FC032FFD5B945EB87FF33F741FF7A" box="[480,547,223,249]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C332F2D0FFD5B945EAF0FEEFF47FFE9E" box="[151,285,259,285]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B97A15BFFD5B945EAF0FEEFF47FFE9E" blockId="16.[151,547,223,285]" box="[151,285,259,285]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1313BDDEFFD5B945EAF8FEEFF477FE9E" box="[159,277,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1331,1355]" captionTargetBox="[293,1294,181,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-17@17.[280,1307,181,1307]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Rhabdopleura chathamica n. sp., A‒C, F, paratype 90265; D, E, holotype 161214: A, part of colony showing three blind side branches, the proximal part of which is adherent; only one ringed erect tube (et) remains. B, close-up of middle side branch in A; note part of the pectocaulus/black stolon (bs) seen through a tear in the cuticle. C, the longest zooid seen, somewhat fouled and partly twisted in profile. D, non-fouled part of another erect tube showing well-developed fusellar collars. E, fusellar sutures on surface of creeping tube, with some point-to-point suture zigzags highlighted. F, close-up of fusellar sutures seen on adherent tube in B. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 300 μm; C, F, 100 μm; D, 50 μm; E, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10821379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10821379/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Fig. 7A‒F</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C332F2D0FFD5B945EAF0FEA7F4BAFE2E" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B97A15BFFD5B945EAF0FEA7F4BAFE2E" blockId="16.[151,1437,331,1905]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
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<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945EAF0FEA7F4E4FEE6" bold="true" box="[151,390,331,357]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B40AB06FFD5B945EBF5FEA7F7ECFE0A" collectingDate="2001-04-20" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" elevation="1042" latitude="-42.7183" location="Stn" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-179.9095" municipality="Chatham Rise" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" specimenCode="NIWA 161214" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945EBF5FEA7F760FEE6" box="[402,514,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
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<typeStatus id="54931FF9FFD5B945EBF5FEA7F49EFEE6" box="[402,508,331,357]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<specimenCode id="DB8E0920FFD5B945E869FEA7F7DBFEE6" box="[526,697,331,357]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 161214</specimenCode>
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,
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<location id="8EF7F780FFD5B945E8AEFEA7F78CFEE6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0381104DFFD5B945EAF0FF33F4DFF8F2:8EF7F780FFD5B945E8AEFEA7F78CFEE6" box="[713,750,331,357]" country="New Zealand" latitude="-42.7183" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-179.9095" municipality="Chatham Rise" name="Stn" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Stn</location>
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TAN0104/333,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BF33B21FFD5B945E9C9FEA7F137FEE6" box="[942,1109,331,357]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Chatham Rise</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F33FE1CBFFD5B945EE02FEA0F061FEE6" box="[1125,1283,331,358]" name="New Zealand" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE1CC79CFFD5B945EF74FEA7F0F5FEE6" box="[1299,1431,331,357]" degrees="42.7183" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" precision="5" value="-42.7183">42.7183° S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE1CC79CFFD5B945EAF0FE83F44DFE09" box="[151,303,367,394]" degrees="179.9095" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" precision="5" value="-179.9095">179.9095° W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="4CD00CBEFFD5B945EB5AFE83F4BEFE09" box="[317,476,367,394]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0415" metricValueMax="1.075" metricValueMin="1.008" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" unit="m" value="1041.5" valueMax="1075.0" valueMin="1008.0">
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<elevation id="00054668FFD5B945EB5AFE83F4BEFE09" box="[317,476,367,394]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0415" metricValueMax="1.075" metricValueMin="1.008" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" unit="m" value="1041.5" valueMax="1075.0" valueMin="1008.0">1008‒1075 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<date id="FF96879BFFD5B945EB8CFE83F7ECFE0A" box="[491,654,367,393]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" value="2001-04-20">
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<collectingDate id="EFD27E73FFD5B945EB8CFE83F7ECFE0A" box="[491,654,367,393]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" value="2001-04-20">20 April 2001</collectingDate>
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</date>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="3B40AB06FFD5B945E8FBFE9CF4B6FE2E" collectingDate="2001-04-20" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" elevation="1042" latitude="-42.7183" location="Stn" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-179.9095" municipality="Chatham Rise" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" specimenCode="NIWA 90265" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945E8FBFE9CF66EFE0A" box="[668,780,368,393]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
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<typeStatus id="54931FF9FFD5B945E8FBFE9CF664FE0A" box="[668,774,368,393]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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||
<specimenCode id="DB8E0920FFD5B945E972FE83F6CDFE09" box="[789,943,367,394]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 90265</specimenCode>
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, same data as holotype. Both reconstituted from originally dry material
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C332F2D0FFD5B945EAA0FE5BF1A3FE52" box="[199,1217,439,466]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8B97A15BFFD5B945EAA0FE5BF1A3FE52" blockId="16.[151,1437,331,1905]" box="[199,1217,439,466]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
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<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945EAA0FE5BF42CFE52" bold="true" box="[199,334,439,465]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Etymology.</emphasis>
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||
Alluding to the provenance of the species on the Chatham Rise,
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<collectingCountry id="F33FE1CBFFD5B945EE44FE54F1DFFE52" box="[1059,1213,439,466]" name="New Zealand" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C332F2D0FFD5B945EAA0FE37F1DEFD06" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B97A15BFFD5B945EAA0FE37F1DEFD06" blockId="16.[151,1437,331,1905]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
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<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945EAA0FE37F420FE76" bold="true" box="[199,322,475,501]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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||
Erect ringed tubes produced by short adnate branches from creeping tubes and separated by intervals of
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||
<quantity id="4CD00CBEFFD5B945EAD3FE13F458FD99" box="[180,314,511,538]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="1.65" valueMax="2.1" valueMin="1.2">1.2‒2.1 mm</quantity>
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||
mainly on one side of creeping tubes; mean erect-tube diameter 132 μm, mean fusellus height 22 μm. Colony with sparse secondary runner branches, spreading to at least
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||
<quantity id="4CD00CBEFFD5B945E9F1FDCFF6B4FDBD" box="[918,982,547,574]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
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||
length. Zigzag sutures of creeping tubes conspicuous, zigzag slightly less than one third convexity width, sutures slightly wider apart than those on adnate side branches; zigzag angles 44‒66° on main creeping tubes, 33‒61° on short adnate branches.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C332F2D0FFD5B945EAA0FD63F14FFA41" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B97A15BFFD5B945EAA0FD63F66AFC02" blockId="16.[151,1437,331,1905]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
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<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945EAA0FD63F43BFD2A" bold="true" box="[199,345,655,681]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Description.</emphasis>
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||
Erect-tube inception indirect via short adnate side branch from a creeping tube, the erect tube constituting the terminus of the short branch. Colony encrusting surface of dead coral, comprising one main creeping tube with sparse secondary branches of creeping tube, these producing short blind side-branches, each side-branch composed of a proximal adherent portion and a distal erect tube (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1313BDDEFFD5B945E906FD17F6BAFC96" box="[865,984,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1331,1355]" captionTargetBox="[293,1294,181,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-17@17.[280,1307,181,1307]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Rhabdopleura chathamica n. sp., A‒C, F, paratype 90265; D, E, holotype 161214: A, part of colony showing three blind side branches, the proximal part of which is adherent; only one ringed erect tube (et) remains. B, close-up of middle side branch in A; note part of the pectocaulus/black stolon (bs) seen through a tear in the cuticle. C, the longest zooid seen, somewhat fouled and partly twisted in profile. D, non-fouled part of another erect tube showing well-developed fusellar collars. E, fusellar sutures on surface of creeping tube, with some point-to-point suture zigzags highlighted. F, close-up of fusellar sutures seen on adherent tube in B. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 300 μm; C, F, 100 μm; D, 50 μm; E, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10821379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10821379/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Fig. 7A, B</figureCitation>
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||
). Maximum length of incomplete colony (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54931FF9FFD5B945EAF8FCF3F461FCBA" box="[159,259,799,825]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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)
|
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<quantity id="4CD00CBEFFD5B945EB76FCF3F437FCB9" box="[273,341,799,826]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
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||
, with lateral spread to c.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD00CBEFFD5B945E808FCF3F7D2FCB9" box="[623,688,799,826]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
owing to lateral creeping tube diverging from main creeping tube; main creeping tube relatively straight with only moderate curvature. Blind side-branches produced at intervals of c.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD00CBEFFD5B945EAF0FC8BF442FC01" box="[151,288,871,898]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="1.65" valueMax="2.1" valueMin="1.2">1.2‒2.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, mainly on one side in the present material.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B97A15BFFD5B945EAA0FC67F44AFBDA" blockId="16.[151,1437,331,1905]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
|
||
Creeping tubes with convex part 149‒205 (186) μm (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945E944FC60F653FC26" box="[803,817,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 11) wide, with flattened marginal lamina along both sides (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1313BDDEFFD5B945EAB9FC43F457FC4A" box="[222,309,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1331,1355]" captionTargetBox="[293,1294,181,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-17@17.[280,1307,181,1307]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Rhabdopleura chathamica n. sp., A‒C, F, paratype 90265; D, E, holotype 161214: A, part of colony showing three blind side branches, the proximal part of which is adherent; only one ringed erect tube (et) remains. B, close-up of middle side branch in A; note part of the pectocaulus/black stolon (bs) seen through a tear in the cuticle. C, the longest zooid seen, somewhat fouled and partly twisted in profile. D, non-fouled part of another erect tube showing well-developed fusellar collars. E, fusellar sutures on surface of creeping tube, with some point-to-point suture zigzags highlighted. F, close-up of fusellar sutures seen on adherent tube in B. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 300 μm; C, F, 100 μm; D, 50 μm; E, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10821379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10821379/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
||
), also of variable width [28‒44 (37) μm, n = 13], its edges often diffuse and not well defined. Surface fusellar sutures conspicuous (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1313BDDEFFD5B945EB85FC3FF75AFC6E" box="[482,568,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1331,1355]" captionTargetBox="[293,1294,181,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-17@17.[280,1307,181,1307]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Rhabdopleura chathamica n. sp., A‒C, F, paratype 90265; D, E, holotype 161214: A, part of colony showing three blind side branches, the proximal part of which is adherent; only one ringed erect tube (et) remains. B, close-up of middle side branch in A; note part of the pectocaulus/black stolon (bs) seen through a tear in the cuticle. C, the longest zooid seen, somewhat fouled and partly twisted in profile. D, non-fouled part of another erect tube showing well-developed fusellar collars. E, fusellar sutures on surface of creeping tube, with some point-to-point suture zigzags highlighted. F, close-up of fusellar sutures seen on adherent tube in B. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 300 μm; C, F, 100 μm; D, 50 μm; E, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10821379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10821379/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
|
||
), with point-to-point zigzag angles of 44‒66 (55)°, mode 55° (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945EE93FC38F060FC6E" box="[1268,1282,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 50); zigzag sequence narrow, occupying only c. 27‒30% of convexity width, with zigzag components straight or gently curved. Pectocaulus running along floor of creeping tubes, including under dormant bodies within tubes, 22‒29 (25) μm wide (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945EAB9FBACF58EFBDA" box="[222,236,1088,1113]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 7).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B97A15BFFD5B945EAA0FB8FF662FB6A" blockId="16.[151,1437,331,1905]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
|
||
Blind-ending side branches generally straight, rarely curving, budded at right angles or obliquely from creeping tube, with adherent portion 424‒603 (499) μm long (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945E89BFB64F668FB22" box="[764,778,1160,1185]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 8), convexity 170‒211 (192) μm wide (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945EE92FB64F061FB22" box="[1269,1283,1160,1185]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 8), margin 28‒44 (37) μm wide (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945EBE0FB40F4F7FB46" box="[391,405,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 13). Oblique sutures a little more closely spaced (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1313BDDEFFD5B945E9B5FB47F146FB46" box="[978,1060,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1331,1355]" captionTargetBox="[293,1294,181,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-17@17.[280,1307,181,1307]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Rhabdopleura chathamica n. sp., A‒C, F, paratype 90265; D, E, holotype 161214: A, part of colony showing three blind side branches, the proximal part of which is adherent; only one ringed erect tube (et) remains. B, close-up of middle side branch in A; note part of the pectocaulus/black stolon (bs) seen through a tear in the cuticle. C, the longest zooid seen, somewhat fouled and partly twisted in profile. D, non-fouled part of another erect tube showing well-developed fusellar collars. E, fusellar sutures on surface of creeping tube, with some point-to-point suture zigzags highlighted. F, close-up of fusellar sutures seen on adherent tube in B. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 300 μm; C, F, 100 μm; D, 50 μm; E, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10821379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10821379/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Fig. 7F</figureCitation>
|
||
) than on main creeping tube, with smaller zigzag angles [33‒61 (45)°, mode 40 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945E8F8FB3CF7CFFB6A" box="[671,685,1232,1257]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 22)].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B97A15BFFD5B945EAA0FB18F4FFFA1E" blockId="16.[151,1437,331,1905]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
|
||
Erect tubes from side branches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1313BDDEFFD5B945E84DFB1FF7FDFA8E" box="[554,671,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1331,1355]" captionTargetBox="[293,1294,181,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-17@17.[280,1307,181,1307]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Rhabdopleura chathamica n. sp., A‒C, F, paratype 90265; D, E, holotype 161214: A, part of colony showing three blind side branches, the proximal part of which is adherent; only one ringed erect tube (et) remains. B, close-up of middle side branch in A; note part of the pectocaulus/black stolon (bs) seen through a tear in the cuticle. C, the longest zooid seen, somewhat fouled and partly twisted in profile. D, non-fouled part of another erect tube showing well-developed fusellar collars. E, fusellar sutures on surface of creeping tube, with some point-to-point suture zigzags highlighted. F, close-up of fusellar sutures seen on adherent tube in B. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 300 μm; C, F, 100 μm; D, 50 μm; E, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10821379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10821379/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Fig. 7C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
) all broken and somewhat fouled, the longest 598 μm. Tube diameter between fusellar collars 109‒159 (132) μm (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945E8FDFAF4F7CAFAB2" box="[666,680,1304,1329]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 9), collars moderately projecting circumferentially around tube [4‒11 (7) μm,
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945EB50FAD0F427FAD6" box="[311,325,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 17], lightly to moderately crinkled and horizontal to oblique, with variable fusellus height [12‒34 (22) μm (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945EB63FA8CF470FAFA" box="[260,274,1376,1401]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 28), fuselli generally shorter in proximal third part of tubes; number of fusellar collars in 500 μm of erect tube c. 20 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945EB34FA68F403FA1E" box="[339,353,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B97A15BFFD5B945EAA0FA44F14FFA41" blockId="16.[151,1437,331,1905]" box="[199,1069,1447,1474]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Dormant bodies not seen. Founding individuals (siculae) and zooids not seen.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C332F2D0FFD5B945EAA0FA27F4DFF8F2" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B97A15BFFD5B945EAA0FA27F589F886" blockId="16.[151,1437,331,1905]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945EAA0FA27F45FFA66" bold="true" box="[199,317,1483,1509]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54931FF9FFD5B945EB1AFA27F483FA66" box="[381,481,1483,1509]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and
|
||
<typeStatus id="54931FF9FFD5B945E879FA20F7E2FA65" box="[542,640,1484,1510]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
colonies grew on a fragment of the ahermatypic scleractinian coral
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945EAF0FA03F4EDF98A" box="[151,399,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
|
||
Gonioporella
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C28DAD8FFD5B945EB51FA03F4EDF98A" box="[310,399,1519,1545]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" rank="species" species="dumosa">dumosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. The colonies cannot be wholly seen in any one image because they follow the curvature of the cylindrical coral substratum.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C28DAD8FFD5B945E868F9FFF65DF9AE" authority="Gordon & Randolph Quek & Huang, 2024" authorityName="Gordon & Randolph Quek & Huang" authorityYear="2024" box="[527,831,1555,1581]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Rhabdopleuridae" genus="Rhabdopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdopleurida" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="chathamica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945E868F9FFF65DF9AE" box="[527,831,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Rhabdopleura chathamica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26FC032FFD5B945E921F9F8F6E6F9AD" box="[838,900,1556,1582]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is the only species seen so far in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33FE1CBFFD5B945EF64F9F8F0FEF9AE" box="[1283,1436,1555,1582]" name="New Zealand" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
waters with indirectly budded erect tubes and is therefore easily recognizable from the blind-ending side branches that occur along one or both sides of creeping tubes. It seems to be a rare species. Much material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C28DAD8FFD5B945EF47F9B0F0FEF9F6" box="[1312,1436,1627,1654]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" rank="species" species="dumosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945EF47F9B0F0FEF9F6" box="[1312,1436,1627,1654]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">G. dumosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the same and nearby localities was examined but no other specimens were found. If erect ringed tubes are short or broken off only the thin pectocaulus is plainly seen; creeping tubes are transparent and surface details are hard to discern unless light is reflected at a certain angle. On the other hand, SEM renders creeping tubes plainly visible.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B97A15BFFD5B945EAA0F8E3F4DFF8F2" blockId="16.[151,1437,331,1905]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
|
||
At
|
||
<quantity id="4CD00CBEFFD5B945EA8BF8E3F4EBF8A9" box="[236,393,1807,1834]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0415" metricValueMax="1.075" metricValueMin="1.008" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" unit="m" value="1041.5" valueMax="1075.0" valueMin="1008.0">1008‒1075 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C28DAD8FFD5B945EBF0F8FCF75AF8AA" authority="Gordon & Randolph Quek & Huang, 2024" authorityName="Gordon & Randolph Quek & Huang" authorityYear="2024" box="[407,568,1807,1833]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Rhabdopleuridae" genus="Rhabdopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdopleurida" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="chathamica" status="n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945EBF0F8FCF75AF8AA" box="[407,568,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">R. chathamica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26FC032FFD5B945E825F8FCF71DF8A9" box="[578,639,1808,1834]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is the deepest-occurring species so far recorded, exceeding the
|
||
<quantity id="4CD00CBEFFD5B945EF33F8E3F0FFF8A9" box="[1364,1437,1807,1834]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.959999999999999" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" unit="m" value="896.0">896 m</quantity>
|
||
depth reported for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C28DAD8FFD5B945EB04F8D8F4BCF8CE" box="[355,478,1844,1869]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Rhabdopleuridae" genus="Rhabdopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdopleurida" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="normani">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945EB04F8D8F4BCF8CE" box="[355,478,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">R. normani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C28DAD8FFD5B945E862F8DFF67AF8CE" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[517,792,1843,1869]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Desmophyllum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pertusum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFD5B945E862F8DFF67AF8CE" box="[517,792,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">Desmophyllum pertusum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
coral at the edge of the Celtic Sea shelf, northeast Atlantic (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9DCAAFFD5B945EAF8F8BBF433F8F2" author="Stebbing, A. R. D." box="[159,337,1879,1905]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" pagination="209 - 221" refId="ref25339" refString="Stebbing, A. R. D. (1970 a) The status and ecology of Rhabdopleura compacta (Hemichordata) from Plymouth. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 50, 209 - 221. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315400000722" type="journal article" year="1970">Stebbing 1970a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Table 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |