164 lines
18 KiB
XML
164 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.641.10346" ID-PMC="PMC5240348" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-641-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BB707A65FFDFFFFBFFFE8B61FFD5FF91" ID-PubMed="28138291" ID-Zenodo-Dep="579464" ID-ZooBank="903D6413C8024864A662D71C50740E2D" ModsDocID="1313-2970-641-1" checkinTime="1481788285262" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Low, Martyn E. Y., Sinniger, Frederic & Reimer, James Davis" docDate="2016" docId="32CAD1835AB59E725C2B005AEA4754B9" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 641: 1-80" docOrigin="ZooKeys 641" docPubDate="2016-12-14" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.641.10346" docTitle="Acrozoanthus Saville-Kent 1893" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" id="BB707A65FFDFFFFBFFFE8B61FFD5FF91" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="BB707A65FFDFFFFBFFFE8B61FFD5FF91" masterDocTitle="The order Zoantharia Rafinesque, 1815 (Cnidaria, Anthozoa: Hexacorallia): supraspecific classification and nomenclature" masterLastPageNumber="80" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1668163821031" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The order Zoantharia Rafinesque, 1815 (Cnidaria, Anthozoa: Hexacorallia): supraspecific classification and nomenclature</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Low, Martyn E. Y.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Lee Kong Chian Museum of Natural History, National University of Singapore, 2 Conservatory Drive, Singapore 117377, Republic of Singapore & former address: Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903 - 0213, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Sinniger, Frederic</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, 3422 Sesoko, Motobu, Okinawa 905 - 0227, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Reimer, James Davis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Molecular Invertebrate Systematics and Ecology (MISE) Laboratory, Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903 - 0213, Japan; and Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903 - 0213, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jreimer@sci.u-ryukyu.ac.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2016-12-14</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>641</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>80</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.641.10346</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.641.10346</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-641-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">903D6413C8024864A662D71C50740E2D</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">BB707A65FFDFFFFBFFFE8B61FFD5FF91</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">579464</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127892782" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:32CAD1835AB59E725C2B005AEA4754B9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/32CAD1835AB59E725C2B005AEA4754B9" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName LSID="32CAD183-5AB5-9E72-5C2B-005AEA4754B9" authority="Saville-Kent, 1893" authorityName="Saville-Kent" authorityYear="1893" class="Anthozoa" family="Zoanthidae" genus="Acrozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acrozoanthus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Acrozoanthus Saville-Kent, 1893</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Saville-Kent" authorityYear="1893" class="Anthozoa" family="Zoanthidae" genus="Acrozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acrozoanthus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Acrozoanthus</taxonomicName>
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Saville-Kent, 1893: 153, 154.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Saville-Kent" authorityYear="1893" class="Anthozoa" family="Zoanthidae" genus="Acrozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acrozoanthus australiae" order="Zoantharia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="australiae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Acrozoanthus australiae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Saville-Kent, 1893, by monotypy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="gender">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Gender.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Masculine.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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Zooxanthellate, absence of mineral incrustations in the column/coenenchyme (excluding superficial surface attachments) brachycnemic zoantharians inhabiting the outside of eunicid worms, with a
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘budding’">'budding'</normalizedToken>
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method of asexual reproduction (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-010-0069-5" author="Reimer, JD" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="B233" refString="Reimer, JD, Ishikawa, SA, Hirose, M, 2011b. New records and molecular characterization of Acrozoanthus (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia) and its endosymbionts (Symbiodinium spp.) from Taiwan. Marine Biodiversity 41(2): 313-323. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-010-0069-5" title="New records and molecular characterization of Acrozoanthus (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia) and its endosymbionts (Symbiodinium spp.) from Taiwan. Marine Biodiversity 41 (2): 313 - 323." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-010-0069-5" year="2011 b">Reimer et al. 2011b</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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Specimens examined with a discontiguous mesogleal sphincter muscle (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-015-0406-1" author="Swain, TD" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refId="B284" refString="Swain, TD, Schellinger, JL, Strimaitis, AM, Reuter, KE, 2015. Evolution of anthozoan polyp retraction mechanisms: convergent functional morphology and evolutionary allometry of the marginal musculature in order Zoanthidea (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia). BMC Evolutionary Biology 15(123): 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-015-0406-1" title="Evolution of anthozoan polyp retraction mechanisms: convergent functional morphology and evolutionary allometry of the marginal musculature in order Zoanthidea (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia). BMC Evolutionary Biology 15 (123): 1 - 19." url="https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-015-0406-1" year="2015">Swain et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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The genus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Saville-Kent" authorityYear="1893" class="Anthozoa" family="Zoanthidae" genus="Acrozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acrozoanthus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Acrozoanthus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has a long and complicated taxonomic history.
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-010-0069-5" author="Reimer, JD" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="B233" refString="Reimer, JD, Ishikawa, SA, Hirose, M, 2011b. New records and molecular characterization of Acrozoanthus (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia) and its endosymbionts (Symbiodinium spp.) from Taiwan. Marine Biodiversity 41(2): 313-323. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-010-0069-5" title="New records and molecular characterization of Acrozoanthus (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia) and its endosymbionts (Symbiodinium spp.) from Taiwan. Marine Biodiversity 41 (2): 313 - 323." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-010-0069-5" year="2011 b">Reimer et al. (2011b)</bibRefCitation>
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discussed that "despite its very similar appearance,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Saville-Kent" authorityYear="1893" class="Anthozoa" family="Zoanthidae" genus="Acrozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acrozoanthus australiae" order="Zoantharia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="australiae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Acrozoanthus australiae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was placed into a genus separate from
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1801" class="Anthozoa" family="Epizoanthidae" genus="Zoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zoanthus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Zoanthus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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due to the presence of an axial skeleton
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="7" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
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<bibRefCitation author="Saville-Kent, W" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="B254" refString="Saville-Kent, W, 1893. Coral and Coral Animals. pp. 139-203, pls. 21-30. In: The Great Barrier Reef of Australia; Its Products and Potentialities. Containing-An Account, With Copious Coloured and Photographic Illustrations (The Latter Here Produced for the First Time), of the Corals and Coral Reefs, Pearl and Pearl-shell, Beche-de-mer, Other Fishing Industries, and the Marine Fauna of the Australian Great Barrier Region. W.H. Allen & Co., London, xvii + [1] + 387 pp., pls. 1-48, 1-16. [> 24 Feb 1893 (preface, p. xii); < 4 Mar 1893 (Anonymous 1893: 249)]" title="Coral and Coral Animals. pp. 139 - 203, pls. 21 - 30. In: The Great Barrier Reef of Australia; Its Products and Potentialities. Containing-An Account, With Copious Coloured and Photographic Illustrations (The Latter Here Produced for the First Time), of the Corals and Coral Reefs, Pearl and Pearl-shell, Beche-de-mer, Other Fishing Industries, and the Marine Fauna of the Australian Great Barrier Region. W. H. Allen & Co., London, xvii + [1] + 387 pp., pls. 1 - 48, 1 - 16. [> 24 Feb 1893 (preface, p. xii); <4 Mar 1893 (Anonymous 1893: 249)]" year="1893">Saville-Kent 1893</bibRefCitation>
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). Later it was shown that this skeleton was in fact a result of habitat preference as
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Saville-Kent" authorityYear="1893" class="Anthozoa" family="Zoanthidae" genus="Acrozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acrozoanthus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Acrozoanthus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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inhabits the outside of eunicid worm tubes, and the genus was subsequently merged back again into the genus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1801" class="Anthozoa" family="Epizoanthidae" genus="Zoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zoanthus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Zoanthus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Haddon, AC" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="B125" refString="Haddon, AC, 1895. Branched worm-tubes and Acrozoanthus. Scientific Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society 8(4): 344-346. [27 Jul 1895 (p. 344)]" title="Branched worm-tubes and Acrozoanthus. Scientific Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society 8 (4): 344 - 346. [27 Jul 1895 (p. 344)]" year="1895">Haddon 1895</bibRefCitation>
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). Subsequent to its original description, this species was not mentioned in literature again until its rediscovery by
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/07924259.1997.9672575" author="Ryland, JS" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="B245" refString="Ryland, JS, 1997. Reproduction in Zoanthidea (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia). Invertebrate Reproduction and Development 31(1-3): 177-188. https://doi.org/10.1080/07924259.1997.9672575" title="Reproduction in Zoanthidea (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia). Invertebrate Reproduction and Development 31 (1 - 3): 177 - 188." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/07924259.1997.9672575" year="1997">Ryland (1997)</bibRefCitation>
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, based on examination of a single specimen. Further work by Ryland and co-workers described the nematocysts of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Saville-Kent" authorityYear="1893" class="Anthozoa" family="Zoanthidae" genus="Acrozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acrozoanthus australiae" order="Zoantharia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="australiae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Acrozoanthus australiae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/0022293031000155179" author="Ryland, JS" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="B251" refString="Ryland, JS, Brasseur, MM, Lancaster, JE, 2004. Use of cnidae in taxonomy: implications from a study of Acrozanthus australiae (Hexacorallia, Zoanthidea). Journal of Natural History 38(10): 1193-1223. https://doi.org/10.1080/0022293031000155179" title="Use of cnidae in taxonomy: implications from a study of Acrozanthus australiae (Hexacorallia, Zoanthidea). Journal of Natural History 38 (10): 1193 - 1223." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/0022293031000155179" year="2004">Ryland et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
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) and also an unusual
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘budding’">'budding'</normalizedToken>
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method of asexual reproduction (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/07924259.1997.9672575" author="Ryland, JS" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="B245" refString="Ryland, JS, 1997. Reproduction in Zoanthidea (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia). Invertebrate Reproduction and Development 31(1-3): 177-188. https://doi.org/10.1080/07924259.1997.9672575" title="Reproduction in Zoanthidea (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia). Invertebrate Reproduction and Development 31 (1 - 3): 177 - 188." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/07924259.1997.9672575" year="1997">Ryland 1997</bibRefCitation>
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), which was theorized to potentially confirm the placement of this species in its own genus".
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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Molecular phylogenetic data indicate that
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Saville-Kent" authorityYear="1893" class="Anthozoa" family="Zoanthidae" genus="Acrozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acrozoanthus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Acrozoanthus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is within the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1801" class="Anthozoa" family="Epizoanthidae" genus="Zoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zoanthus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Zoanthus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-010-0069-5" author="Reimer, JD" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="B233" refString="Reimer, JD, Ishikawa, SA, Hirose, M, 2011b. New records and molecular characterization of Acrozoanthus (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia) and its endosymbionts (Symbiodinium spp.) from Taiwan. Marine Biodiversity 41(2): 313-323. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-010-0069-5" title="New records and molecular characterization of Acrozoanthus (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia) and its endosymbionts (Symbiodinium spp.) from Taiwan. Marine Biodiversity 41 (2): 313 - 323." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-010-0069-5" year="2011 b">Reimer et al. 2011b</bibRefCitation>
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) monophyly. However, due to a need for more detailed investigations, we refrain from synonymising
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Saville-Kent" authorityYear="1893" class="Anthozoa" family="Zoanthidae" genus="Acrozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acrozoanthus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Acrozoanthus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1801" class="Anthozoa" family="Epizoanthidae" genus="Zoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zoanthus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Zoanthus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |