587 lines
68 KiB
XML
587 lines
68 KiB
XML
<document id="C1EAFF3FA9C4C057369A765B139CAD05" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.186405" ID-GBIF-Dataset="031c4a22-a398-4bad-96f2-f614e195d2f4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="186405" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461051193137" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mendis Wickramasinghe, L. J., Vidanapathirana, Dulan Ranga, Wickramasinghe, Nethu & Ranwella, P. Nayanaka" docDate="2009" docId="03EF5940C923FF98AC8E3D86FB50FEAF" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02044p022.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2044" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Rhinophis erangaviraji Wickramasinghe, Vidanapathirana, Wickramasinghe & Ranwella, 2009, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="FFD62138C926FF88AC193D11FFCBFFE8" masterDocTitle="A new species of Rhinophis Hemprich, 1820 (Reptilia: Serpentes: Uropeltidae) from Rakwana massif, Sri Lanka" masterLastPageNumber="22" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1698578999452" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="5B8E3D39C803092851F4363C4014AE1F">A new species of Rhinophis Hemprich, 1820 (Reptilia: Serpentes: Uropeltidae) from Rakwana massif, Sri Lanka</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="8536316F5C4552F72C68D9E3BD2544A9" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9DD0A0A188D1E2B4136D0442A84AF0D7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="24CAFBBCAB53F3F10A68A8B4FC69ABE1">Mendis Wickramasinghe, L. J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2F636DBB07E51401291C4228B32B3939">Herpetological Foundation of Sri Lanka, Thalarukkarama Road, Kudawaskaduwa, Waskaduwa, Sri Lanka</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CA535F9F0E3C374681384132AE1011D8" type="email">boiga2000@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="40A2BEAA67F95200BF9E2CB6841F48C6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="0D9DFCE5B56111F0630EADDB32683DB7">Vidanapathirana, Dulan Ranga</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7B5BFE467AA0663C9C9FA8DD5D0B3A23">Herpetological Foundation of Sri Lanka, Thalarukkarama Road, Kudawaskaduwa, Waskaduwa, Sri Lanka</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="37CF7E56A76575CBD725FEE6187CF1E5" type="email">dulanranga@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="52B20DADECDAA98B9C2DE64DB0F02A55">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="CD7E7A303B2D8BB22A99B8784EB4C77F">Wickramasinghe, Nethu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A53AF2DF4F030973EC68EBBC7E08C749">Herpetological Foundation of Sri Lanka, Thalarukkarama Road, Kudawaskaduwa, Waskaduwa, Sri Lanka</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="39139853D4445ACA79127EE341724C64" type="email">nemzy821@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="BB5961E19440FC3CAB5C14F405A7A1CE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C4AFDFA19E2EC6982C0D2640843279B7">Ranwella, P. Nayanaka</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="39EA94767E45E63F6F11B7D98B284A4D">Rivira Media Corporation, No. 742, Maradana Road, Colombo 10, Sri Lanka</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D97E5230483F21C74B975CEA1FD281D9" type="email">nayanaka@rivira.lk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="85E98A454876F78A46880779CEBB3191">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="EF0944D8A9E1F182629ADA76DEACB27A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="9EFE950C2872F0D426ED730DA51B6D7E">
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<mods:date id="1BBB2E159F34C0ADA7E19F4D860B2D45">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EFFA6CCB044D8CEA0C2E626FB3B1B3BC">2009-03-18</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="7A48D97FE6234496FDDFFD42DB66C816" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="322855D1659A124B17AF02A00D14BFAF">2044</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="ED00E964FFC32219D49AD350C8A393E6">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="AE9AFB22E2CBEC407562ED519112C6B8">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="8F4C939EF1116A9D32CC006042C705AA" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.186405</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D7EB936D5CC0BABD1E936B421580DADD" type="GBIF-Dataset">031c4a22-a398-4bad-96f2-f614e195d2f4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9BDAE1DA33DA913A2FAEEF781DC40CA9" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="01B2AB2DB909A8162965C28F2367FF93" type="Zenodo-Dep">186405</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03EF5940C923FF98AC8E3D86FB50FEAF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4583748" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119612148" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4583748" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF5940C923FF98AC8E3D86FB50FEAF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EF5940C923FF98AC8E3D86FB50FEAF" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<subSubSection id="C35CBBDDC923FF8DAC8E3D86FED1FF3C" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF9E856C923FF8DAC8E3D86FDDFFF59" blockId="5.[151,532,151,212]" box="[151,532,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<heading id="D0B15F3AC923FF8DAC8E3D86FDDFFF59" bold="true" box="[151,532,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DAC8E3D86FDDFFF59" bold="true" box="[151,532,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C923FF8DAC8E3D86FE7BFF59" box="[151,432,151,177]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erangaviraji" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DAC8E3D86FE7BFF59" bold="true" box="[151,432,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Rhinophis erangaviraji</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201893FC923FF8DADAE3D86FDDFFF59" box="[439,532,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF9E856C923FF8DAC8E3DABFED1FF3C" blockId="5.[151,532,151,212]" box="[151,282,186,212]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<figureCitation id="137DF4D3C923FF8DAC8E3DABFEDDFF3C" box="[151,278,186,212]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 3" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStart-2="FIGURE 5" captionStart-3="FIGURE 6" captionStart-4="FIGURE 7" captionStart-5="FIGURE 8" captionStart-6="FIGURE 9" captionStart-7="FIGURE 10" captionStart-8="FIGURE 11" captionStart-9="FIGURE 12" captionStartId-0="6.[151,255,1965,1989]" captionStartId-1="7.[151,255,1949,1973]" captionStartId-2="8.[151,257,1786,1810]" captionStartId-3="9.[151,257,1953,1977]" captionStartId-4="10.[151,257,1426,1450]" captionStartId-5="11.[151,258,1952,1976]" captionStartId-6="12.[151,258,1966,1990]" captionStartId-7="13.[151,258,1870,1894]" captionStartId-8="14.[151,259,1793,1817]" captionStartId-9="15.[151,257,1963,1987]" captionTargetBox-0="[171,1416,790,1924]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,465,1925]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,182,1760]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1436,349,1927]" captionTargetBox-4="[151,1434,194,1401]" captionTargetBox-5="[151,1436,274,1926]" captionTargetBox-6="[151,1436,290,1942]" captionTargetBox-7="[151,1436,194,1846]" captionTargetBox-8="[151,1436,194,1769]" captionTargetBox-9="[151,1436,194,1939]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[151,1436,790,1941]" captionTargetId-1="figure@7.[151,1436,465,1925]" captionTargetId-2="figure@8.[151,1436,182,1762]" captionTargetId-3="figure@9.[151,1436,349,1929]" captionTargetId-4="figure@10.[151,1436,194,1402]" captionTargetId-5="figure@11.[151,1436,274,1926]" captionTargetId-6="figure@12.[151,1436,290,1942]" captionTargetId-7="figure@13.[151,1436,194,1846]" captionTargetId-8="figure@14.[151,1436,194,1769]" captionTargetId-9="figure@15.[151,1436,194,1939]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionTargetPageId-2="8" captionTargetPageId-3="9" captionTargetPageId-4="10" captionTargetPageId-5="11" captionTargetPageId-6="12" captionTargetPageId-7="13" captionTargetPageId-8="14" captionTargetPageId-9="15" captionText-0="FIGURE 3. Head scalation of holotype of Rhinophis erangaviraji sp. nov., NMSL 20080601. A. dorsal view, B. lateral view, C. ventral view." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Dorsal view in life of A. holotype of Rhinophis erangaviraji sp. nov., NMSL 20080601, adult male, 214 mm SVL, B. Rhinophis blythii, NMSL 20081501, adult female, 204 mm SVL." captionText-2="FIGURE 5. Dorsal view of head of A. holotype of Rhinophis erangaviraji sp. nov., NMSL 20080601, B. Rhinophis blythii, NMSL 20081501." captionText-3="FIGURE 6. Lateral view of head of A. holotype of Rhinophis erangaviraji sp. nov., NMSL 20080601, B. Rhinophis blythii, NMSL 20081501." captionText-4="FIGURE 7. Ventral view of A. holotype of Rhinophis erangaviraji sp. nov., NMSL 20080601, B. Rhinophis blythii, NMSL 20081501." captionText-5="FIGURE 8. Dorsal view of tail of A. holotype of Rhinophis erangaviraji sp. nov., NMSL 20080601, B. Rhinophis blythii, NMSL 20081501." captionText-6="FIGURE 9. Lateral view of tail of A. holotype of Rhinophis erangaviraji sp. nov., NMSL 20080601, B. Rhinophis blythii, NMSL 20081501." captionText-7="FIGURE 10. Tail shield of A. holotype of Rhinophis erangaviraji sp. nov., NMSL 20080601, B. Rhinophis blythii, NMSL 20081501." captionText-8="FIGURE 11. Ventral view of tail of A. holotype of Rhinophis erangaviraji sp. nov., B. Rhinophis blythii, NMSL 20081501." captionText-9="FIGURE 12. Small (103 mm SVL) male paratype of Rhinophis erangaviraji sp. nov., NMSL 20080605 in A. dorsal view, and B. ventral view of midbody." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/186407/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/186408/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/186409/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/186410/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/186411/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/186412/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/186413/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/186414/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/186415/files/figure.png" httpUri-9="https://zenodo.org/record/186416/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs. 3–12</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C35CBBDDC923FF8DAC8E3C16FECEFE0B" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF9E856C923FF8DAC8E3C16FB54FE87" blockId="5.[151,1438,263,2012]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DAC8E3C16FEDFFEC9" bold="true" box="[151,276,263,289]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<typeStatus id="54FD56F4C923FF8DAC8E3C16FEDBFEC9" box="[151,272,263,289]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="ED577093C923FF8DAD043C19FEB9FECA" box="[285,370,264,290]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9670-f832" name="National Museum of Sri Lanka" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">NMSL</collectionCode>
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20080601, adult male
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<quantity id="4CBE45B3C923FF8DAE643C19FD2BFECA" box="[637,736,264,290]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1399999999999997" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="214.0">214 mm</quantity>
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<collectionCode id="ED577093C923FF8DAEF03C19FCEFFECA" box="[745,804,264,290]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">SVL</collectionCode>
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, Enselwatte Estate, Sinharaja Division (Army Camp Forest), Rakwana hills, Matara District, Southern Province (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE728E91C923FF8DAF663C3FFC3CFEA0" box="[895,1015,302,328]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="6.383333">N 06º 23'</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE728E91C923FF8DA81C3C3FFB43FEA0" box="[1029,1160,302,328]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="80.6">E 080º 36'</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<quantity id="4CBE45B3C923FF8DA8863C3FFACBFEA0" box="[1183,1280,302,328]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.042" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="1042.0">1042 m</quantity>
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. Coll. Dulan Vidanapathirana, Nayanaka Ranwella and L. J. M. Wickramasinghe.
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<date id="FFF8CE96C923FF8DAFD93C44FB9BFE87" box="[960,1104,341,367]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">5 December</date>
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, 2007.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF9E856C923FF8DACDC3C6AFECEFE0B" blockId="5.[151,1438,263,2012]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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||
<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DACDC3C6AFE9BFE7D" bold="true" box="[197,336,379,405]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<typeStatus id="54FD56F4C923FF8DACDC3C6AFE80FE7D" box="[197,331,379,405]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="ED577093C923FF8DAD403C6DFE65FE7E" box="[345,430,380,406]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9670-f832" name="National Museum of Sri Lanka" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">NMSL</collectionCode>
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20080602, adult female
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||
<quantity id="4CBE45B3C923FF8DAECD3C6DFCF3FE7E" box="[724,824,380,406]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.91" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="291.0">291 mm</quantity>
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||
<collectionCode id="ED577093C923FF8DAF583C6DFCB6FE7E" box="[833,893,380,406]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">SVL</collectionCode>
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||
;
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||
<collectionCode id="ED577093C923FF8DAF923C6DFC2BFE7E" box="[907,992,380,406]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9670-f832" name="National Museum of Sri Lanka" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">NMSL</collectionCode>
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||
20080603, adult male
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||
<quantity id="4CBE45B3C923FF8DA8F73C6DFA99FE7E" box="[1262,1362,380,406]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.04" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="204.0">204 mm</quantity>
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||
<collectionCode id="ED577093C923FF8DA9423C6DFA5CFE7E" box="[1371,1431,380,406]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">SVL</collectionCode>
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||
;
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||
<collectionCode id="ED577093C923FF8DAC8E3CB3FF22FE54" box="[151,233,418,444]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9670-f832" name="National Museum of Sri Lanka" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">NMSL</collectionCode>
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||
20080604, adult female
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||
<quantity id="4CBE45B3C923FF8DAE1A3CB3FDA8FE54" box="[515,611,418,444]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.41" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="241.0">241 mm</quantity>
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||
<collectionCode id="ED577093C923FF8DAE733CB3FD5AFE54" box="[618,657,418,444]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">SV</collectionCode>
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||
;
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||
<collectionCode id="ED577093C923FF8DAE853CB3FD24FE54" box="[668,751,418,444]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9670-f832" name="National Museum of Sri Lanka" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">NMSL</collectionCode>
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||
20080605, small male
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||
<quantity id="4CBE45B3C923FF8DAFEF3CB3FB9CFE54" box="[1014,1111,418,444]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.03" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="103.0">103 mm</quantity>
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||
<collectionCode id="ED577093C923FF8DA8443CB3FB53FE54" box="[1117,1176,418,444]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">SVL</collectionCode>
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||
. Collection data as for
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<typeStatus id="54FD56F4C923FF8DAC8E3CD8FEC9FE0B" box="[151,258,457,483]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C35CBBDDC923FF8DACDC3CFEFDC2FAB5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9E856C923FF8DACDC3CFEFC9DFCF0" blockId="5.[151,1438,263,2012]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DACDC3CFEFE85FDE1" bold="true" box="[197,334,495,521]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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The new species is distinguished morphologically from the congener it resembles most closely,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C923FF8DACE53F06FEA5FDD8" box="[252,366,535,560]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blythii">
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<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DACE53F06FEA5FDD8" box="[252,366,535,560]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">R. blythii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by the following characters: 146–157 (vs 159–165) paravertebral scales; 142–154 (vs 155–162) ventral scales (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6C4DDEDC923FF8DADA73F2CFDD2FDBF" box="[446,537,573,599]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,240,345,369]" captionText="TABLE 2. Scale count data for the type series of Rhinophis erangaviraji, and some Rhinophis blythii. See Appendix 2 for explanation of abbreviations. Specimens are deposited in NMSL." pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
); dorsal and lateral surface of head black (vs dark brown with dorsal yellow ‘V’,
|
||
<figureCitation id="137DF4D3C923FF8DACD63F75FEC7FD96" box="[207,268,612,638]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,257,1786,1810]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,182,1760]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,182,1762]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Dorsal view of head of A. holotype of Rhinophis erangaviraji sp. nov., NMSL 20080601, B. Rhinophis blythii, NMSL 20081501." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186409/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig 5</figureCitation>
|
||
&
|
||
<figureCitation id="137DF4D3C923FF8DAD2D3F75FE8EFD96" box="[308,325,612,638]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,257,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,349,1927]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,349,1929]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Lateral view of head of A. holotype of Rhinophis erangaviraji sp. nov., NMSL 20080601, B. Rhinophis blythii, NMSL 20081501." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186410/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">6</figureCitation>
|
||
); ventrally black zigzag pattern on yellow background (vs each ventral scale anterior blackish brown and posterior light brown, with brownish tint throughout ventrally,
|
||
<figureCitation id="137DF4D3C923FF8DA8083F9BFB99FD4C" box="[1041,1106,650,676]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,257,1426,1450]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,194,1401]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,194,1402]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ventral view of A. holotype of Rhinophis erangaviraji sp. nov., NMSL 20080601, B. Rhinophis blythii, NMSL 20081501." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186411/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig 7</figureCitation>
|
||
); no ring-like pattern at the base of the tail (vs yellow ring at base of tail,
|
||
<figureCitation id="137DF4D3C923FF8DAEDB3FA0FCC9FD23" box="[706,770,689,715]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,258,1952,1976]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,274,1926]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,274,1926]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Dorsal view of tail of A. holotype of Rhinophis erangaviraji sp. nov., NMSL 20080601, B. Rhinophis blythii, NMSL 20081501." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186412/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig 8</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="137DF4D3C923FF8DAF083FA0FCE9FD23" box="[785,802,689,715]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,258,1966,1990]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,290,1942]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,290,1942]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Lateral view of tail of A. holotype of Rhinophis erangaviraji sp. nov., NMSL 20080601, B. Rhinophis blythii, NMSL 20081501." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186413/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">9</figureCitation>
|
||
); caudal shield with one axis of symmetry, narrower anteriorly (vs shield oval, with two axes of symmetry,
|
||
<figureCitation id="137DF4D3C923FF8DAF083FC9FC94FD1A" box="[785,863,728,754]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="13.[151,258,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1846]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,194,1846]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 10. Tail shield of A. holotype of Rhinophis erangaviraji sp. nov., NMSL 20080601, B. Rhinophis blythii, NMSL 20081501." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186414/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig 10</figureCitation>
|
||
); anal region and under side of tail black (vs anal region whitish brown, underside of tail dark brown,
|
||
<figureCitation id="137DF4D3C923FF8DAEE33FEFFC83FCF0" box="[762,840,766,792]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="14.[151,259,1793,1817]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1769]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,194,1769]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 11. Ventral view of tail of A. holotype of Rhinophis erangaviraji sp. nov., B. Rhinophis blythii, NMSL 20081501." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186415/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig 11</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9E856C923FF8DACDC3E34FD6FFB73" blockId="5.[151,1438,263,2012]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C923FF8DACDC3E34FE15FCD6" box="[197,478,805,830]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erangaviraji" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DACDC3E34FE15FCD6" box="[197,478,805,830]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Rhinophis erangaviraji</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201893FC923FF8DADFE3E34FD83FCD7" box="[487,584,805,831]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DADFE3E34FD83FCD7" bold="true" box="[487,584,805,831]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
differs from,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C923FF8DAEEB3E34FC04FCD6" box="[754,975,805,830]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dorsimaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DAEEB3E34FC04FCD6" box="[754,975,805,830]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">R. dorsimaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C923FF8DAFC63E34FB52FCD6" box="[991,1177,805,830]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oxyrhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DAFC63E34FB52FCD6" box="[991,1177,805,830]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">R. oxyrhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C923FF8DA8B03E34FAF4FCD6" box="[1193,1343,805,830]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="porrectus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DA8B03E34FAF4FCD6" box="[1193,1343,805,830]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">R. porrectus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C923FF8DA99B3E34FEC2FC8D" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DA99B3E34FEC2FC8D" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">R. punctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having a smooth rostral (vs strongly ridged above); 142–154 ventrals (vs 238, 211–227, 281, and 236–246 ventrals, respectively); total length
|
||
<quantity id="4CBE45B3C923FF8DAEF93E63FC82FC64" box="[736,841,882,908]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="300.0">300 mm</quantity>
|
||
(vs
|
||
<quantity id="4CBE45B3C923FF8DAF9A3E63FC3BFC64" box="[899,1008,882,908]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="350.0">350 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CBE45B3C923FF8DAFE73E63FBA0FC64" box="[1022,1131,882,908]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7299999999999995" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="573.0">573 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CBE45B3C923FF8DA8603E63FB2DFC64" box="[1145,1254,882,908]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="350.0">350 mm</quantity>
|
||
, and
|
||
<quantity id="4CBE45B3C923FF8DA9353E63FA52FC64" box="[1324,1433,882,908]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="390.0">390 mm</quantity>
|
||
, respectively); moderate sized tail shield (vs large shield). Differs from
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DAFFE3E88FA8DFC5A" box="[999,1350,921,946]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C923FF8DAFFE3E88FB6BFC5A" box="[999,1184,921,946]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oxyrhynchus">R. oxyrhynchus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C923FF8DA8B43E88FA89FC5A" box="[1197,1346,921,946]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="porrectus">R. porrectus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C923FF8DA99A3E88FEC6FC31" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DA99A3E88FEC6FC31" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">R. punctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having a shorter rostral, about one third (vs about one half) length of the dorsal head shield scales. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C923FF8DAD8B3EF6FDF9FBE8" box="[402,562,999,1024]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="homolepis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DAD8B3EF6FDF9FBE8" box="[402,562,999,1024]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">R. homolepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C923FF8DAE763EF6FCE8FBE8" box="[623,803,999,1024]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tricoloratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DAE763EF6FCE8FBE8" box="[623,803,999,1024]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">R. tricoloratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by smooth rostral (vs slightly ridged above); fewer ventrals (vs 180–204 and 163–175, respectively); moderate sized tail shield (vs large shield). Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C923FF8DA99A391CFE9BFBA5" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="drummondhayi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DA99A391CFE9BFBA5" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">R. drummondhayi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by fewer ventrals (vs 173–191); moderate sized shield (vs small shield). Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C923FF8DA99B3925FEEBFB9C" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="philippinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DA99B3925FEEBFB9C" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">R. philippinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having generally fewer ventrals (vs 153–182 ventrals); moderate sized tail shield (vs large shield); and yellow markings (vs no yellow).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9E856C923FF8DACDC39B9FDC2FAB5" blockId="5.[151,1438,263,2012]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
The three Indian species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C923FF8DAE1739B9FD4EFB29" box="[526,645,1192,1217]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DAE1739B9FD4EFB29" box="[526,645,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Rhinophis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ from the new species as follows:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C923FF8DA87B39B9FAE3FB29" box="[1122,1320,1192,1217]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fergusonianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DA87B39B9FAE3FB29" box="[1122,1320,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">R. fergusonianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has more ventrals (180),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C923FF8DAD4C39DEFDCFFB00" box="[341,516,1231,1256]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanguineus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DAD4C39DEFDCFFB00" box="[341,516,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">R. sanguineus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has more ventrals (182–218) and 15 costal scale rows at midbody, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C923FF8DA99B39DEFEF1FAE6" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="travancoricus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DA99B39DEFEF1FAE6" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">R. travancoricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has fewer ventrals (132–146) and lacks yellow markings on the body (confined to tail).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F351A8C6C923FF8DA94A39E4FABFFAE7" box="[1363,1396,1269,1295]" name="American Samoa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
far as is known, no species of uropeltid snake occur in both
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F351A8C6C923FF8DAF3C380DFCAAFADE" box="[805,865,1308,1334]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F351A8C6C923FF8DAF80380DFBC0FADE" box="[921,1035,1308,1334]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD795A7C923FF8DA803380DFB27FADE" author="Cadle" box="[1050,1260,1308,1334]" pageId="5" pageNumber="21" refString="Cadle, J. E., Dessauer, H. C., Gans, C. & Gartside, D. F. (1990) Phylogenetic relationship and molecular evolution in Uropeltid snakes (Serpentes: Uropeltidae): allozymes and albumin immunology. Biological Journal of the Linnaen Society, 40: 293 - 320." type="journal article" year="1990">
|
||
Cadle
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DA87F380DFB52FADD" box="[1126,1177,1308,1333]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1990
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD795A7C923FF8DA8EE380DFEC9FAB5" author="McDiarmid" pageId="5" pageNumber="21" refString="McDiarmid, R. W., Campbell, J. A. & Toure, T. (1999) Snake Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Volume 1. 511 pp. Washington: The Herpetologists' League." type="book" year="1999">
|
||
McDiarmid
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DA99E380DFF65FAB4" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1999
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD795A7C923FF8DAD173852FE36FAB5" author="Bossuyt" box="[270,509,1347,1373]" pageId="5" pageNumber="21" refString="Bossuyt, F., Meegaskumbura, M., Beenaerts, N., Gower, J. D., Pethiyagoda, P., Roelants, K., Mannaert, A., Wilkinson, M., Bahir, M. M., Manamendra-Arachchi, K., Ng, P. K. L., Schneider, C. J., Oommen, O. V. & Milinkovitch, M. C. (2004) Local endemism within the Western Ghats - Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot. Science, 306: 479 - 481" type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Bossuyt
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DAD6A3852FE6DFAB4" box="[371,422,1347,1372]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35CBBDDC923FF81ACDC3879FEC0FECE" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9E856C923FF8EACDC3879FEFAFECE" blockId="5.[151,1438,263,2012]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,152,294]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C923FF8DACDC3879FE2CFA6A" bold="true" box="[197,487,1384,1410]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FD56F4C923FF8DAD653879FE2CFA6A" box="[380,487,1384,1410]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Robust snake; snout-vent length (SVL)
|
||
<quantity id="4CBE45B3C923FF8DAFD33878FBE5FA6B" box="[970,1070,1385,1411]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1399999999999997" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="214.0">214 mm</quantity>
|
||
; body elongate (SVL/BW ratio 21.70); head narrow; snout pointed; nostril small, smaller than the eye, situated at the anterior of nasal scale; eye small, diameter about one third of ocular shield; neck not obvious; tail short (SVL/TL 22.43). Rostral unkeeled, slightly compressed, shorter than frontal and parietal (FL/RL 1.19, PL2/RL 1.26), longer than nasals, prefrontals, and ocular (RL/NL 1.46, RL/ PFL 1.80, RL/AOW 1.14), about one third length of head (HL/RL 3.18); nasals completely separated by rostral, larger than prefrontal, smaller than ocular, frontal and parietal (NL/PFL 1.23, AOW/NL 1.27, FL/NL 1.74, PL1/NL 1.53, PL2/NL 1.84), anterior, lower, posterior, and upper edges touching rostral, 1st and 2nd supralabial, and prefrontal respectively; prefrontals contact frontal, ocular, 2nd and 3rd supralabials; frontal long (FL/FW2 1.37), touching parietals and oculars; ocular as long as wide, longer than prefrontal (AOW/PFL 1.57), shorter than parietal lengths 1 and 2 (AOW/PL1 1.35, AOW/PL2 0.69); ocular contacts parietal, 3rd and 4th supralabials; parietal similar in length to frontal (FL/PL2 0.95), contacting 4th supralabial and interparietal; interparietal slightly longer than wide, similar in length to nasal (NL/IPL 0.95); four supralabials, in size order 1st<2nd<3rd<4th, 4th four times as long as 1st; mental triangular, no mental grove, width greater than length, smaller than infralabials, touching 1st infralabial and postmental; postmental single, 1st pair of infralabial separated by postmental; three infralabials, second largest, third smallest; costals smooth, costal row counts 19, 17, 17; 155 paravertebral scales; 151 ventrals, each approximately twice as wide as long; preanal wider than length, equal in size to ventrals (PRW/WVA20 0.98); anal divided/paired, larger than preanal (AW/PRW 1.88); nine subcaudals, all entire; caudal shield suboval, with one axis of symmetry, anterior narrower than posterior, conical and blunt tip, ten scales around shield. (Tables 1, 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF39B8DEC920FF8EAC8E3C48FCBEFE7B" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9E856C920FF8EAC8E3C48FCBEFE7B" blockId="6.[151,1435,345,709]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C920FF8EAC8E3C48FEC0FE99" bold="true" box="[151,267,345,369]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Scale count data for the type series of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C920FF8EAEAB3C48FC78FE98" box="[690,947,345,368]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C920FF8EAEAB3C48FC64FE98" box="[690,943,345,368]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erangaviraji">Rhinophis erangaviraji</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and some
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C920FF8EA8313C48FB22FE98" box="[1064,1257,345,368]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C920FF8EA8313C48FB2FFE98" box="[1064,1252,345,368]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blythii">Rhinophis blythii</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
See Appendix 2 for explanation of abbreviations. Specimens are deposited in NMSL.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9E856C920FF8EAD0E3CBFFBF0FE2D" blockId="6.[151,1435,345,709]" box="[279,1083,430,453]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C920FF8EAD0E3CBFFBF0FE2D" box="[279,1083,430,453]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C920FF8EAD0E3CBFFDC4FE2D" box="[279,527,430,453]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erangaviraji">Rhinophis erangaviraji</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C920FF8EAF9D3CBFFBF0FE2D" box="[900,1083,430,453]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blythii">Rhinophis blythii</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9E856C920FF8EAD0E3CC8FC8BFE18" blockId="6.[151,1435,345,709]" box="[279,832,473,496]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FD56F4C920FF8EAD0E3CC8FEB1FE18" box="[279,378,473,496]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FD56F4C920FF8EADB03CC8FC8BFE18" box="[425,832,473,496]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="paratype">Paratype Paratype Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9E856C920FF8FAD0E3F15FE84FE72" blockId="6.[151,1435,345,709]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,151,410]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
20080601 20080602 20080603 20080604
|
||
<date id="FFF8CE96C920FF8EAF9D3F15FC24FDF3" box="[900,1007,516,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1501-08-20">20081501</date>
|
||
<date id="FFF8CE96C920FF8EA81D3F15FBA4FDF3" box="[1028,1135,516,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1502-08-20">20081502</date>
|
||
<date id="FFF8CE96C920FF8EA89A3F15FB25FDF3" box="[1155,1262,516,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1503-08-20">20081503</date>
|
||
<date id="FFF8CE96C920FF8EA90C3F15FA4BFDF3" box="[1301,1408,516,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1504-08-20">20081504</date>
|
||
PARA 154 156 146 155 158 163 160 165 SASH
|
||
<date id="FFF8CE96C920FF8EAD0E3F48FDA0FD98" box="[279,619,601,624]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1910-12-13">10 13 12</date>
|
||
<date id="FFF8CE96C920FF8EAEFA3F48FBD5FD98" box="[739,1054,601,624]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1910-11-12">12 11 10</date>
|
||
9 12 SUBC 9 6 8 5 5 5 4 6 VEN 149 152 140 151 153 162 157 156
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C921FF8FACDC3D86FEBCFF59" bold="true" box="[197,375,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Colour in life:</emphasis>
|
||
Head black with yellow irregular spots. Lower margin of supralabials bright yellow. Eye black, rounded pupil not prominent. Dorsal body black, lower margins of costal scales with small irregular yellow spots. Lateral surface of body with canary yellow, scalloped stripe from gape to just behind anterior of tail shield. Scalloped nature prominent in first third of stripe, and close to vent, stripe less prominent on middle of body, ends in straight line on tail. Scalloping of lateral stripe extends onto ventral surface of body. Tail pitch except laterally. Shield black, with very small spines trapping small grains of sand and mud giving it a brownish tint.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF39B8DEC920FF8EAC8E3ABCFE4AF80F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186407/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" targetBox="[171,1416,790,1924]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9E856C920FF8EAC8E3ABCFE4AF80F" blockId="6.[151,1436,1965,2024]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C920FF8EAC8E3ABCFED1F82D" bold="true" box="[151,282,1965,1989]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Head scalation of holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C920FF8EAE7E3ABFFCAAF82D" box="[615,865,1966,1989]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erangaviraji" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C920FF8EAE7E3ABFFCAAF82D" box="[615,865,1966,1989]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Rhinophis erangaviraji</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201893FC920FF8EAF713ABCFC75F82D" box="[872,958,1965,1989]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C920FF8EAF713ABCFC75F82D" bold="true" box="[872,958,1965,1989]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, NMSL20080601.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C920FF8EA8963ABCFB62F82D" bold="true" box="[1167,1193,1965,1989]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A.</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C920FF8EA9203ABCFA99F82D" bold="true" box="[1337,1362,1965,1989]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B.</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C920FF8EACCF3AC1FF3BF800" bold="true" box="[214,240,2000,2024]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C.</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF39B8DEC921FF8FAC8E3A8CFC66F83F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186408/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" targetBox="[151,1436,465,1925]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9E856C921FF8FAC8E3A8CFC66F83F" blockId="7.[151,1436,1949,2008]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C921FF8FAC8E3A8CFED3F85D" bold="true" box="[151,280,1949,1973]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view in life of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C921FF8FAE1E3A8CFDEAF85D" bold="true" box="[519,545,1949,1973]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A.</emphasis>
|
||
holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C921FF8FAEBE3A8FFC54F85D" box="[679,927,1950,1973]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erangaviraji" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C921FF8FAEBE3A8FFC54F85D" box="[679,927,1950,1973]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Rhinophis erangaviraji</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201893FC921FF8FAFBC3A8CFC31F85D" box="[933,1018,1949,1973]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C921FF8FAFBC3A8CFC31F85D" bold="true" box="[933,1018,1949,1973]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, NMSL20080601, adult male, 214 mm SVL,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C921FF8FACCF3AD1FF24F830" bold="true" box="[214,239,1984,2008]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C921FF8FACEC3AD1FE67F83F" box="[245,428,1984,2007]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blythii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C921FF8FACEC3AD1FE67F83F" box="[245,428,1984,2007]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Rhinophis blythii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, NMSL 20081501, adult female, 204 mm SVL.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF39B8DEC92EFF80AC8E3BEBFE60F8DC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186409/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" targetBox="[151,1436,182,1760]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9E856C92EFF80AC8E3BEBFE60F8DC" blockId="8.[151,1436,1786,1844]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92EFF80AC8E3BEBFED6F8FA" bold="true" box="[151,285,1786,1810]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view of head of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92EFF80AE323BEBFD8EF8FA" bold="true" box="[555,581,1786,1810]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A.</emphasis>
|
||
holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C92EFF80AECD3BEAFC1EF8FA" box="[724,981,1787,1810]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erangaviraji" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92EFF80AECD3BEAFC1EF8FA" box="[724,981,1787,1810]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Rhinophis erangaviraji</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201893FC92EFF80AFC43BEBFBFEF8FA" box="[989,1077,1786,1810]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92EFF80AFC43BEBFBFEF8FA" bold="true" box="[989,1077,1786,1810]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, NMSL20080601,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92EFF80A9153BEBFAEDF8FA" bold="true" box="[1292,1318,1786,1810]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">B.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C92EFF80A9343BEAFF10F8DC" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blythii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92EFF80A9343BEAFF10F8DC" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Rhinophis blythii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, NMSL 20081501.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9E856C92EFF80ACDC3A73FC88F84B" blockId="8.[151,1437,1890,2033]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92EFF80ACDC3A73FE7DF894" bold="true" box="[197,438,1890,1916]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Colour in alcohol:</emphasis>
|
||
Colour pattern remains unchanged. Pupil changes to yellowish white. Black on dorsum changes to dark brown, bright yellow to off white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9E856C92EFF81ACDC3AA1FEC0FECE" blockId="8.[151,1437,1890,2033]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1435,152,294]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92EFF80ACDC3AA1FDC1F822" bold="true" box="[197,522,1968,1994]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FD56F4C92EFF80ACDC3AA1FE88F822" box="[197,323,1968,1994]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
and variations:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Subcaudals divided in all
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FD56F4C92EFF80AF5C3AA1FC71F822" box="[837,954,1968,1994]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
. However, about 75% of nearly 40 other (living and dead) specimens examined had entire subcaudals. A summary of the morphological and morphometric data of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FD56F4C92FFF81ADD13D89FDF3FF5A" box="[456,568,152,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
is given in Table 1. Small
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C92FFF81AF6A3D89FBEDFF59" box="[883,1062,152,177]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erangaviraji">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92FFF81AF6A3D89FBEDFF59" box="[883,1062,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">R. erangaviraji</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been found readily during October to January. The colour pattern of these younger animals is as in adults, with overall paler colours but a much darker head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137DF4D3C92FFF81AD8B3DF4FE2FFF17" box="[402,484,229,255]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="15.[151,257,1963,1987]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1939]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,194,1939]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 12. Small (103 mm SVL) male paratype of Rhinophis erangaviraji sp. nov., NMSL 20080605 in A. dorsal view, and B. ventral view of midbody." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186416/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig 12</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FD56F4C92FFF81ADE33DF4FDA9FF17" box="[506,610,229,255]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
NMSL20080604 has seven maxillary and seven mandibular teeth on each side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF39B8DEC92FFF81AC8E3AB0FE60F833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186410/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" targetBox="[151,1436,349,1927]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9E856C92FFF81AC8E3AB0FE60F833" blockId="9.[151,1436,1953,2011]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92FFF81AC8E3AB0FED6F851" bold="true" box="[151,285,1953,1977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral view of head of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92FFF81AE363AB0FD82F851" bold="true" box="[559,585,1953,1977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A.</emphasis>
|
||
holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C92FFF81AECE3AB0FC1DF850" box="[727,982,1953,1976]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erangaviraji" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92FFF81AECE3AB0FC1DF850" box="[727,982,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Rhinophis erangaviraji</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201893FC92FFF81AFC73AB0FBFDF851" box="[990,1078,1953,1977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92FFF81AFC73AB0FBFDF851" bold="true" box="[990,1078,1953,1977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, NMSL20080601,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92FFF81A9153AB0FAEDF851" bold="true" box="[1292,1318,1953,1977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">B.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C92FFF81A9343AB0FF10F833" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blythii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92FFF81A9343AB0FF10F833" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Rhinophis blythii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, NMSL 20081501.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF39B8DEC92CFF82AC8E3883FE91FA24" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186411/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" targetBox="[151,1434,194,1401]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9E856C92CFF82AC8E3883FE91FA24" blockId="10.[151,1436,1426,1484]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92CFF82AC8E3883FED7FA42" bold="true" box="[151,284,1426,1450]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral view of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92CFF82ADCE3883FE39FA42" bold="true" box="[471,498,1426,1450]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">A.</emphasis>
|
||
holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C92CFF82AE993882FC4BFA42" box="[640,896,1427,1450]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erangaviraji" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92CFF82AE993882FC4BFA42" box="[640,896,1427,1450]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Rhinophis erangaviraji</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201893FC92CFF82AF913883FC2AFA42" box="[904,993,1426,1450]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92CFF82AF913883FC2AFA42" bold="true" box="[904,993,1426,1450]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, NMSL20080601,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92CFF82A8AE3883FB1AFA42" bold="true" box="[1207,1233,1426,1450]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">B.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C92CFF82A8C13882FA5EFA42" box="[1240,1429,1427,1450]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blythii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92CFF82A8C13882FA5EFA42" box="[1240,1429,1427,1450]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Rhinophis blythii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, NMSL 20081501.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35CBBDDC92CFF84ACDC38EBFE6DFF14" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9E856C92CFF82ACDC38EBFAA1F947" blockId="10.[151,1437,1530,2021]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92CFF82ACDC38EBFE9CF9FC" bold="true" box="[197,343,1530,1556]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
Named for the late Mr. Eranga Viraj Dayarathne, an Instructor of the Reptiles group of the Young Zoologists’ Association of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F351A8C6C92CFF82AE5F3B30FD0FF9D3" box="[582,708,1569,1595]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Department of National Zoological Gardens. A man who showed love and kindness to nature, and quiet yet effective service to Sri Lankan reptiles and their conservation. Suggested vernacular names:
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92CFF82AEA43B7EFDCBF947" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Eranga Virajge thudulla, Eranga Virajvin nilakael pambu, Eranga Viraj’s shieldtail snake</emphasis>
|
||
(or
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92CFF82AE283B87FD10F947" box="[561,731,1686,1711]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Eranga Viraj's</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C92CFF82AEFA3B84FC96F947" box="[739,861,1685,1711]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Rhinophis</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in Sinhala, Tamil, and English respectively.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9E856C92CFF84ACDC3BADFE6DFF14" blockId="10.[151,1437,1530,2021]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1436,152,252]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92CFF82ACDC3BADFEA6F93E" bold="true" box="[197,365,1724,1750]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Comparison:</emphasis>
|
||
Apart from the listed diagnostic characters,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C92CFF82AF933BADFB89F93D" box="[906,1090,1724,1749]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erangaviraji">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92CFF82AF933BADFB89F93D" box="[906,1090,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">R. erangaviraji</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished further from all other Sri Lankan congeners in details of its colour pattern.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C92CFF82AFD43BF2FAC1F914" box="[973,1290,1763,1788]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dorsimaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92CFF82AFD43BF2FAC1F914" box="[973,1290,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Rhinophis dorsimaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a broad orange, middorsal vertebral stripe (vs black dorsal body colour);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C92CFF82AF803A18FBA6F8CA" box="[921,1133,1801,1826]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="drummondhayi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92CFF82AF803A18FBA6F8CA" box="[921,1133,1801,1826]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">R. drummondhayi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a dappled brown and white or pale yellow venter (vs black with yellow), a whitish (vs black) anal region and a yellow-white ring at the base of the tail (vs absent);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C92CFF82AE143A46FD63F898" box="[525,680,1879,1904]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="homolepis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92CFF82AE143A46FD63F898" box="[525,680,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">R. homolepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a white/yellow collar behind the head (vs dorsal surface of neck black), white/yellow triangular (apex pointed upwards) markings along body (vs scalloped yellow stripe), yellow anal (vs black), and pale yellow ring at base of tail (vs absent);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C92CFF82A8333AB5FB16F855" box="[1066,1245,1956,1981]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oxyrhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92CFF82A8333AB5FB16F855" box="[1066,1245,1956,1981]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">R. oxyrhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a uniformly brown dorsal colour (vs black), pale brown to yellow or whitish venter (vs black with yellow), and yellow anal (vs black);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C92DFF83AD4C3D89FE31FF59" box="[341,506,152,177]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="philippinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92DFF83AD4C3D89FE31FF59" box="[341,506,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">R. philippinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a purplish-black dorsum (vs black) and lateral and ventral surface of body (vs black with yellow markings);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C92DFF83AE073DAEFD66FF30" box="[542,685,191,216]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="porrectus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92DFF83AE073DAEFD66FF30" box="[542,685,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">R. porrectus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C92DFF83AEFC3DAEFCBCFF30" box="[741,887,191,216]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92DFF83AEFC3DAEFCBCFF30" box="[741,887,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">R. punctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a whitish venter (vs black), and a narrow dark dorsal stripe (vs no stripe);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C92AFF84AE393D89FD04FF59" box="[544,719,152,177]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tricoloratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92AFF84AE393D89FD04FF59" box="[544,719,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">R. tricoloratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a yellow to yellow-brown venter (vs black with yellow markings), gray to brown dorsum (vs black), yellow to whitish yellow anal (vs black), and a yellowish ring at base of tail (vs absent).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF39B8DEC92DFF83AC8E3AB1FE60F832" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186412/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" targetBox="[151,1436,274,1926]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9E856C92DFF83AC8E3AB1FE60F832" blockId="11.[151,1437,1952,2010]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92DFF83AC8E3AB1FED4F850" bold="true" box="[151,287,1952,1976]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view of tail of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92DFF83AE393AB1FDF0F850" bold="true" box="[544,571,1952,1976]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">A.</emphasis>
|
||
holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C92DFF83AED23AB1FC1BF85F" box="[715,976,1952,1975]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erangaviraji" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92DFF83AED23AB1FC1BF85F" box="[715,976,1952,1975]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Rhinophis erangaviraji</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201893FC92DFF83AFCE3AB1FBFAF850" box="[983,1073,1952,1976]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92DFF83AFCE3AB1FBFAF850" bold="true" box="[983,1073,1952,1976]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, NMSL20080601,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92DFF83A9133AB1FAEFF850" bold="true" box="[1290,1316,1952,1976]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">B.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C92DFF83A9353AB1FF10F832" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blythii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92DFF83A9353AB1FF10F832" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Rhinophis blythii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, NMSL 20081501.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF39B8DEC92AFF84AC8E3ABFFE60F800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186413/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" targetBox="[151,1436,290,1942]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9E856C92AFF84AC8E3ABFFE60F800" blockId="12.[151,1436,1966,2025]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92AFF84AC8E3ABFFED4F82E" bold="true" box="[151,287,1966,1990]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral view of tail of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92AFF84AE3D3ABFFDF5F82E" bold="true" box="[548,574,1966,1990]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A.</emphasis>
|
||
holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C92AFF84AED73ABEFC1AF82E" box="[718,977,1967,1990]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erangaviraji" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92AFF84AED73ABEFC1AF82E" box="[718,977,1967,1990]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Rhinophis erangaviraji</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201893FC92AFF84AFC03ABFFBF8F82E" box="[985,1075,1966,1990]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92AFF84AFC03ABFFBF8F82E" bold="true" box="[985,1075,1966,1990]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, NMSL20080601,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92AFF84A9123ABFFAEEF82E" bold="true" box="[1291,1317,1966,1990]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">B.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C92AFF84A9353ABEFF10F801" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blythii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92AFF84A9353ABEFF10F801" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Rhinophis blythii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, NMSL 20081501.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF39B8DEC92BFF85AC8E3A5FFE91F860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186414/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" targetBox="[151,1436,194,1846]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9E856C92BFF85AC8E3A5FFE91F860" blockId="13.[151,1436,1870,1928]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92BFF85AC8E3A5FFEE0F88E" bold="true" box="[151,299,1870,1894]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
|
||
Tail shield of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92BFF85ADD63A5FFE21F88E" bold="true" box="[463,490,1870,1894]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A.</emphasis>
|
||
holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C92BFF85AE603A5EFCB7F88E" box="[633,892,1871,1894]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erangaviraji" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92BFF85AE603A5EFCB7F88E" box="[633,892,1871,1894]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Rhinophis erangaviraji</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201893FC92BFF85AF9D3A5FFC16F88E" box="[900,989,1870,1894]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92BFF85AF9D3A5FFC16F88E" bold="true" box="[900,989,1870,1894]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, NMSL20080601,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92BFF85A8AC3A5FFB04F88E" bold="true" box="[1205,1231,1870,1894]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">B.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C92BFF85A8CF3A5EFA5EF88E" box="[1238,1429,1871,1894]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blythii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C92BFF85A8CF3A5EFA5EF88E" box="[1238,1429,1871,1894]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Rhinophis blythii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, NMSL 20081501.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF39B8DEC928FF86AC8E3A10FEC2F8D3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186415/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" targetBox="[151,1436,194,1769]" targetPageId="14">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9E856C928FF86AC8E3A10FEC2F8D3" blockId="14.[151,1437,1793,1851]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C928FF86AC8E3A10FEE7F8F1" bold="true" box="[151,300,1793,1817]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral view of tail of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C928FF86AE2E3A10FD99F8F1" bold="true" box="[567,594,1793,1817]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">A.</emphasis>
|
||
holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C928FF86AEFD3A13FC20F8F1" box="[740,1003,1794,1817]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erangaviraji" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C928FF86AEFD3A13FC20F8F1" box="[740,1003,1794,1817]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Rhinophis erangaviraji</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201893FC928FF86AFEA3A10FB86F8F1" box="[1011,1101,1793,1817]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C928FF86AFEA3A10FB86F8F1" bold="true" box="[1011,1101,1793,1817]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C928FF86A8453A10FBBDF8F1" bold="true" box="[1116,1142,1793,1817]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">B.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C928FF86A8673A13FA8AF8F1" box="[1150,1345,1794,1817]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blythii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C928FF86A8673A13FA8AF8F1" box="[1150,1345,1794,1817]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Rhinophis blythii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, NMSL 20081501.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35CBBDDC928FF98ACDC3A78FB50FEAF" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF9E856C928FF98ACDC3A78FB50FEAF" blockId="14.[151,1437,1897,2001]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1436,152,327]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C928FF86ACDC3A78FD54F86B" bold="true" box="[197,671,1897,1923]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Habitat, Ecology and Conservation:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C928FF86AEB13A7BFC02F86B" box="[680,969,1898,1923]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erangaviraji">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C928FF86AEB13A7BFC02F86B" box="[680,969,1898,1923]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Rhinophis erangaviraji</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C928FF86A81F3A7BFBB1F86B" box="[1030,1146,1898,1923]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blythii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C928FF86A81F3A7BFBB1F86B" box="[1030,1146,1898,1923]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">R. blythii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are allopatric, with the former known only from the Rakwana massif and the latter from the Central Hills, of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F351A8C6C928FF86A8863A81FADCF842" box="[1183,1303,1936,1962]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4693D5C928FF86A93D3A81FEE1F838" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erangaviraji">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9323444C928FF86A93D3A81FEE1F838" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Rhinophis erangaviraji</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be found without difficulty in loose soil in shady areas, up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CBE45B3C928FF86A8293AA6FB96F839" box="[1072,1117,1975,2001]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
|
||
deep, under leaf litter in drainage ditches in tea estates, home gardens, and grasslands, but is also relatively commonly seen within the natural forest habitat of Rakwana. At night these snakes can be seen in the leaf litter. Probable conservation threats to this species are habitat loss, and deterioration caused by agriculture (especially tea), including the use of agrochemicals. Forest fires started by humans during the dry season are another threat, as indicated by many dead specimens being found after these fires. Road kills have also been observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |