treatments-xml/data/03/DE/3E/03DE3E2AE90BFFF0DACCFF35C8F1FD4D.xml
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<mods:title id="DC43BED29DEFCF5A9A2FC2B11FE047A3">Three new species and four new species records of earthworms of the genus Moniligaster Perrier, 1872 (Clitellata: Moniligastridae) from Kerala region of the Western Ghats Biodiversity Hotspot, India</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D95A42B47F00D7C8BD6063A05A43FF28">Narayanan, S. Prasanth</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E3E3B1F151D1EE720EC75B84CACDC7A3">Advanced Centre of Environmental Studies and Sustainable Development, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills, Kottayam - 686560, Kerala, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6B12386818E192EB48B0DDE648C22960">Sathrumithra, S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B5F440D4903D1FF89DC4188A2A328788">Advanced Centre of Environmental Studies and Sustainable Development, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills, Kottayam - 686560, Kerala, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B88FF8009E861B4BD8B38139A5DC6485">Anuja, R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="AC589EFC17664F2E6FDB402B8C4D9910">School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills, Kottayam - 686560, Kerala, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BB2887F41C5B375A55CA161CCD95927F">Christopher, G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C7F26E6F876D49C28C909E0AE2229474">Advanced Centre of Environmental Studies and Sustainable Development, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills, Kottayam - 686560, Kerala, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D43D81E7C928B397F757A2F87505718A">Thomas, A. P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7AD8392413FEA59BD77007817E3EE29F">Advanced Centre of Environmental Studies and Sustainable Development, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills, Kottayam - 686560, Kerala, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9824640135B25BA0ACF48C858E13E0CE">Julka, J. M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="67FDC664634F9A65E4A4A89A99CE061D">School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan- 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="374A777AC16799D6264C779F0BBEAB91">2021</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03DE3E2AE90BFFF0DACCFF35C8F1FD4D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636260" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180876793" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4636260" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3E2AE90BFFF0DACCFF35C8F1FD4D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE3E2AE90BFFF0DACCFF35C8F1FD4D" lastPageNumber="392" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
<subSubSection id="C36DDCB7E90BFFF0DACCFF35C862FF10" box="[151,611,151,178]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC88F3CE90BFFF0DACCFF35C862FF10" blockId="11.[151,611,151,178]" box="[151,611,151,178]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
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<taxonomicName id="4C77F4BFE90BFFF0DACCFF35C862FF10" authority="Gates, 1940" authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="1940" box="[151,611,151,178]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Moniligaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="michaelseni">
<emphasis id="B903532EE90BFFF0DACCFF35C862FF10" bold="true" box="[151,611,151,178]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
<emphasis id="B903532EE90BFFF0DACCFF35CBCBFF13" bold="true" box="[151,458,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Moniligaster michaelseni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6F2CDE90BFFF0DB89FF35C862FF10" author="Gates, G. E." box="[466,611,151,177]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" pagination="487 - 518" refId="ref12401" refString="Gates, G. E. (1940) Indian earthworms XIII. The genus Moniligaster. Records of the Indian Museum, 42, 487 - 518." type="journal article" year="1940">Gates, 1940</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BC88F3CE90BFFF0DACCFF7EC852FF52" blockId="11.[151,595,219,244]" box="[151,595,219,244]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB67A812E90BFFF0DACCFF7EC852FF52" box="[151,595,219,244]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
<treatmentCitation id="0AD6A92DE90BFFF0DACCFF7EC84EFF52" author="Gates, G. E." box="[151,591,219,244]" page="508" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" year="1940">
<taxonomicName id="4C77F4BFE90BFFF0DACCFF7EC84EFF52" authority="Gates, 1940: 508" authorityName="Gates" authorityPageNumber="508" authorityYear="1940" box="[151,591,219,244]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Moniligaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="michaelseni">
<emphasis id="B903532EE90BFFF0DACCFF7ECB98FF55" box="[151,409,220,244]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Moniligaster michaelseni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6F2CDE90BFFF0DBFBFF7EC84EFF52" author="Gates, G. E." box="[416,591,219,244]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" pagination="487 - 518" refId="ref12401" refString="Gates, G. E. (1940) Indian earthworms XIII. The genus Moniligaster. Records of the Indian Museum, 42, 487 - 518." type="journal article" year="1940">Gates, 1940: 508</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B903532EE90BFFF0DACCFE83CB6AFE9A" bold="true" box="[151,363,289,315]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Brief description.</emphasis>
Colour bluish. Dimensions:
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by
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, segments 154193. Spermathecal pores transverse slits, mesial to
<emphasis id="B903532EE90BFFF0D85AFEE4C80EFEC1" box="[513,527,326,352]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">d</emphasis>
, at intersegmental furrow 7/8. Male pores paired, transverse slits, at middle part of
<emphasis id="B903532EE90BFFF0DAEEFEC8CACEFE25" box="[181,207,362,388]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">bc</emphasis>
. Gizzards 45, in segments 1621. Testis sacs in segment 10. Vas deferens coiled into a mass of hairpin loops, mass as large as or larger than testis sac; vas passes directly into prostate slightly below the ental end; prostates Cshaped, capsule flattened and ovid. Spermathecal atrial glands in segments 7 and 8, duct of each atrial gland about one third the length of common atrial duct.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC88F3CE90BFFF0DA9CFE5BC89DFDFD" blockId="11.[151,1437,289,748]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
<emphasis id="B903532EE90BFFF0DA9CFE5BCBB3FDB5" bold="true" box="[199,434,505,532]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8561E90BFFF0DBE1FE58C899FDFD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3068455315" collectingDate="2013-11-25" collectionCode="ACESSD, T" collectorName="S. P. Narayanan &amp; Augustine, D &amp; S. Sathrumithra" country="India" latitude="10.146584" location="Rajamala in Eravikulam National Park" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="77.04258" municipality="Idukki District" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kerala">
12 aclitellates (
<collectionCode id="ED6617F9E90BFFF0D83CFE58C8D4FDB4" box="[615,725,506,533]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">ACESSD</collectionCode>
/EW/250), shola forest,
<location id="8EA8D9E7E90BFFF0D9BFFE58CF9DFDB5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3E2AE90BFFF0DACCFF35C8F1FD4D:8EA8D9E7E90BFFF0D9BFFE58CF9DFDB5" box="[996,1436,506,532]" country="India" latitude="10.146584" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="77.04258" municipality="Idukki District" name="Rajamala in Eravikulam National Park" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" stateProvince="Kerala">Rajamala in Eravikulam National Park</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE43E9FBE90BFFF0DAFBFDBCCB40FD99" box="[160,321,542,568]" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" precision="1" seconds="47.7" value="10.146584">10°0847.7”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE43E9FBE90BFFF0DB17FDBCCBEAFD99" box="[332,491,542,568]" degrees="77" direction="east" minutes="02" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" precision="1" seconds="33.3" value="77.04258">77°0233.3”E</geoCoordinate>
),
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAC1546E90BFFF0DBA5FDBCC8A4FD99" box="[510,677,542,568]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Idukki District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="49B341DEE90BFFF0D8F4FDBCC8FDFD99" box="[687,764,542,568]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Kerala</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F360CFACE90BFFF0D95CFDBCC942FD99" box="[775,835,542,568]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">India</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="FFC9A9FCE90BFFF0D915FDBCCE29FD99" box="[846,1064,542,569]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" value="2013-11-25">
<collectingDate id="EF8D5014E90BFFF0D915FDBCCE29FD99" box="[846,1064,542,569]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" value="2013-11-25">25 November 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
, 2088 m a.s.l.,
<collectorName id="2682EAEAE90BFFF0DE94FDBCCF7DFD99" box="[1231,1404,542,568]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">S.P. Narayanan</collectorName>
,
<collectionCode id="ED6617F9E90BFFF0DFDDFDBCCF99FD99" box="[1414,1432,542,568]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">T</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="2682EAEAE90BFFF0DACCFDE0CB2EFDFD" box="[151,303,578,604]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Augustine, D</collectorName>
. Kuriakose and
<collectorName id="2682EAEAE90BFFF0DBBFFDE0C899FDFD" box="[484,664,578,604]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">S. Sathrumithra</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36DDCB7E90BFFF0DA9CFDC7C906FD05" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BC88F3CE90BFFF0DA9CFDC7C906FD05" blockId="11.[151,1437,289,748]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
<emphasis id="B903532EE90BFFF0DA9CFDC7CB61FD21" bold="true" box="[199,352,613,640]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F360CFACE90BFFF0DB3CFDC4CBA4FD21" box="[359,421,614,640]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">India</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49B341DEE90BFFF0DBF4FDC4C83DFD21" box="[431,572,614,640]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Kerala State</collectingRegion>
: Idukki District: Rajamala in Eravikulam National Park (present record) (
<figureCitation id="134C93B9E90BFFF0DF34FDC4CAA9FD05" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1672,1696]" captionTargetBox="[218,1369,192,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[206,1381,181,1648]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Map of sampling localities of species of Moniligaster recorded in this study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636250" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636250/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B903532EE90BFFF0DAE6FD28CB39FD05" box="[189,312,650,676]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Elsewhere.</emphasis>
Kodaikanal in
<collectingRegion id="49B341DEE90BFFF0DBB9FD28C866FD05" box="[482,615,650,676]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6F2CDE90BFFF0D82DFD28C8FBFD05" author="Gates, G. E." box="[630,762,650,676]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" pagination="487 - 518" refId="ref12401" refString="Gates, G. E. (1940) Indian earthworms XIII. The genus Moniligaster. Records of the Indian Museum, 42, 487 - 518." type="journal article" year="1940">Gates 1940</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36DDCB7E90BFFF0DA9CFD0CC8F1FD4D" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BC88F3CE90BFFF0DA9CFD0CC8F1FD4D" blockId="11.[151,1437,289,748]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
<emphasis id="B903532EE90BFFF0DA9CFD0CCB3AFD69" bold="true" box="[199,315,686,712]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Remarks.</emphasis>
This is the first record of this species from
<collectingRegion id="49B341DEE90BFFF0D972FD0CC976FD69" box="[809,887,686,712]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Kerala</collectingRegion>
. Previously it was known only from
<collectingRegion id="49B341DEE90BFFF0DF4CFD0CCF9DFD69" box="[1303,1436,686,712]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6F2CDE90BFFF0DAC4FD70CB22FD4D" author="Gates, G. E." box="[159,291,722,748]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" pagination="487 - 518" refId="ref12401" refString="Gates, G. E. (1940) Indian earthworms XIII. The genus Moniligaster. Records of the Indian Museum, 42, 487 - 518." type="journal article" year="1940">Gates 1940</bibRefCitation>
). This species is confined to shola forest.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>