164 lines
14 KiB
XML
164 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.471.6558" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b8347159-0e7f-4951-9212-5a3bc41ceb15" ID-PMC="PMC4304016" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-471-1" ID-PubMed="25632245" ID-ZBK="9068F500995E4D1893A4A79ECB9A4ABB" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-471-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 471" ModsDocTitle="Annotated type catalogue of the Chrysididae (Insecta, Hymenoptera) deposited in the collection of Maximilian Spinola (1780–1857), Turin" checkinTime="1451244849908" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Rosa, Paolo & Xu, Zai-fu" docDate="2015" docId="39EB48FDC8B8EC1E2795198EEB240EA1" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 471: 1-96" docOrigin="ZooKeys 471" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.471.6558" docTitle="Chrysis westermanni Spinola 1838" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="61" masterDocId="FF692F5EFFC5FFDDFFE1FFC7FFFF7D1B" masterDocTitle="Annotated type catalogue of the Chrysididae (Insecta, Hymenoptera) deposited in the collection of Maximilian Spinola (1780 - 1857), Turin" masterLastPageNumber="96" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="60" updateTime="1668159800154" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Annotated type catalogue of the Chrysididae (Insecta, Hymenoptera) deposited in the collection of Maximilian Spinola (1780 - 1857), Turin</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rosa, Paolo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Xu, Zai-fu</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>471</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>96</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.471.6558</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.471.6558</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-471-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">9068F500995E4D1893A4A79ECB9A4ABB</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">9068F500995E4D1893A4A79ECB9A4ABB</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152057631" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:39EB48FDC8B8EC1E2795198EEB240EA1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/39EB48FDC8B8EC1E2795198EEB240EA1" lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<subSubSection pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Chrysididae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<taxonomicName authority="Spinola, 1838" authorityName="Spinola" authorityYear="1838" class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis westermanni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westermanni">Chrysis westermanni Spinola, 1838</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis westermanni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westermanni">Chrysis westermanni</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Spinola, M" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="437 - 546" title="Comte rendu des Hymenopteres recuillis par M. Fischer pendant son voyage en Egypte, et communiques par M. le Docteur Waltl a Maximilien Spinola." volume="7" year="1838">Spinola 1838</bibRefCitation>
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: 454.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Guinea.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="type">
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<paragraph pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Type</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="59" pageNumber="60">(sex unknown): lost.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="label">
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<paragraph pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Label.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis amethystra" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amethystra">Chrysis amethystra</taxonomicName>
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(sic!) Fab.;
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis Westermanni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="Westermanni">Chrysis Westermanni</taxonomicName>
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, m. olim; Coll. Latr., Ind. [ie] or. [ientali] / Ind. [ie] or. [ientali].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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Catalogue Casolari & Casolari Moreno.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis amethystra" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amethystra">Chrysis amethystra</taxonomicName>
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(sic), 59, 128, 51, 3 (box 51).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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Three specimens are found under the main label "
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis amethystra" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amethystra">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="60" pageNumber="61" start="start">Chrysis</pageBreakToken>
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amethystra
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</taxonomicName>
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Fab.,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis Westermanni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="Westermanni">Chrysis Westermanni</taxonomicName>
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" in the Spinola collection. At least two of these specimens were examined by
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<bibRefCitation author="Dahlbom, AG" journalOrPublisher="Nicolai, Berlin" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" title="Hymenoptera Europaea praecipue Borealia, formis typicis nonnullis, specierum generumve exoticorum propter nexum systematicum associatis, per familias, genera, species et varietates disposita atque descripta ab Adrea Gustavo Dahlbom. Chrysis in sensu Linneano" year="1854">Dahlbom (1854</bibRefCitation>
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: 229) and placed in synonymy of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis amethystina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amethystina">Chrysis amethystina</taxonomicName>
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Fabricius. In
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<bibRefCitation author="Kimsey, LS" journalOrPublisher="University Press, New York" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" title="The Chrysidid Wasps of the World." year="1991">Kimsey and Bohart (1991</bibRefCitation>
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: 567),
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis amethystina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amethystina">Chrysis amethystina</taxonomicName>
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is placed in synonymy of
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<taxonomicName class="Eurotiomycetes" family="Coryneliaceae" genus="Stilbum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Stilbum cyanurum" order="Coryneliales" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cyanurum">Stilbum cyanurum</taxonomicName>
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(Forster, 1771). The name
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis westermanni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westermanni">Chrysis westermanni</taxonomicName>
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Spinola is not mentioned by
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<bibRefCitation author="Kimsey, LS" journalOrPublisher="University Press, New York" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" title="The Chrysidid Wasps of the World." year="1991">Kimsey and Bohart (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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. In fact, the name
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis westermanni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westermanni">Chrysis westermanni</taxonomicName>
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Spinola has been forgotten by all subsequent authors working on cuckoo wasps. Its description is hidden within the description of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis singularis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singularis">Chrysis singularis</taxonomicName>
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Spinola, 1838, but even if short, it is valid: "
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<normalizedToken originalValue="J’ai">J'ai</normalizedToken>
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dit aussi que plusieurs
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<normalizedToken originalValue="espèces">especes</normalizedToken>
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du
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<normalizedToken originalValue="même">meme</normalizedToken>
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genre avaient un bourrelet sur le
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<normalizedToken originalValue="troisième">troisieme</normalizedToken>
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segment; sa
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<normalizedToken originalValue="présence">presence</normalizedToken>
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est assez rare: on en voit des rudiments dans quelques
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<normalizedToken originalValue="espèces">especes</normalizedToken>
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exotiques, telles que les Chr. sex-dentata, fasciata, et dans une
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<normalizedToken originalValue="troidième">troidieme</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="inédite">inedite</normalizedToken>
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de la
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Guinée">Guinee</normalizedToken>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis Westermanni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="Westermanni">Chrysis Westermanni</taxonomicName>
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, du nom du naturaliste qui
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<normalizedToken originalValue="l’a">l'a</normalizedToken>
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recueillie; elles font le passage
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<normalizedToken originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
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la suivante,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="où">ou</normalizedToken>
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le bourrelet est
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<normalizedToken originalValue="très-apparent">tres-apparent</normalizedToken>
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".
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<bibRefCitation author="Dahlbom, AG" journalOrPublisher="Nicolai, Berlin" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" title="Hymenoptera Europaea praecipue Borealia, formis typicis nonnullis, specierum generumve exoticorum propter nexum systematicum associatis, per familias, genera, species et varietates disposita atque descripta ab Adrea Gustavo Dahlbom. Chrysis in sensu Linneano" year="1854">Dahlbom (1854</bibRefCitation>
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: 232) described
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis westermanni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westermanni">Chrysis westermanni</taxonomicName>
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based on one specimen collected by Westermann in Guinea, presumably the same specimen studied some years before by Spinola. In fact, it is possible that Spinola examined
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Westermann’s">Westermann's</normalizedToken>
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specimen and sent it back to the owner; they were in contact and exchanged material. A few years later, Dahlbom received the chrysidid collection of Westermann (
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<bibRefCitation author="Dahlbom, AG" journalOrPublisher="Nicolai, Berlin" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" title="Hymenoptera Europaea praecipue Borealia, formis typicis nonnullis, specierum generumve exoticorum propter nexum systematicum associatis, per familias, genera, species et varietates disposita atque descripta ab Adrea Gustavo Dahlbom. Chrysis in sensu Linneano" year="1854">Dahlbom 1854</bibRefCitation>
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: vi) and described
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis westermanni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westermanni">Chrysis westermanni</taxonomicName>
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presumably based on the same specimen studied by Spinola. Now this type is housed in ZMUC.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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The name
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis westermanni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westermanni">Chrysis westermanni</taxonomicName>
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Dahlbom, 1854 is therefore a junior homonym of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="westermanni" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="westermanni">westermanni</taxonomicName>
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Spinola, 1838. However, the name
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis westermanni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westermanni">Chrysis westermanni</taxonomicName>
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Spinola was never used. Therefore, to ensure the stability of the system, we will ask to the Commission on the ICZN to suppress the name
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis westermanni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westermanni">Chrysis westermanni</taxonomicName>
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Spinola.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |