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<document id="1F7BD242CA0102852DF1691E0375069D" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.121.1.2" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5079466" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1625663117258" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Dąbek, Przemysław, Sabbe, Koen, Witkowski, Andrzej, Archibald, Colin, Kurzydłowski, Krzyszof J. &amp; Zgłobicka, Izabela" docDate="2013" docId="C65F87C45323FFA0A5CDFB3BFEA1FEF1" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytotaxa.121.1.42-56.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 121 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.121.1.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:13F189B31CB4CCCE9197361A4E100104.3:Phytotaxa.2011-2013.journal_article" docStyleId="13F189B31CB4CCCE9197361A4E100104" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2011-2013.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Cymatosirella benguelensis Dabek &amp; Witkowski 2013, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="50" masterDocId="3A66FFBC5324FFA8A55AFF97FFC1FF82" masterDocTitle="Cymatosirella Dąbek, Witkowski &amp; Sabbe gen. nov., a new marine benthic diatom genus (Bacillariophyta) belonging to the family Cymatosiraceae" masterLastPageNumber="56" masterPageNumber="42" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1698995516451" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="8DDC72301082F4EE88890A9A51094F03">Cymatosirella Dąbek, Witkowski &amp; Sabbe gen. nov., a new marine benthic diatom genus (Bacillariophyta) belonging to the family Cymatosiraceae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="80706BB9AB3B3B1A951396B0B1B3B4ED">Dąbek, Przemysław</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="52E3C4304C4C0C3F4076772601FF9C98">Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Szczecin, Mickiewicza 18, 70 - 383 Szczecin PL.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2BD5FC038A60706AECCAE2F94C85F7C5">Sabbe, Koen</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="182F7BE7FD2959681C5F5EE076F6CECC">Laboratory of Protistology and Aquatic Ecology, Krijgslaan 281 - S 8, Ghent University, Belgium.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="E1870E166E28B52576D628647883CE37">Witkowski, Andrzej</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9B6FBDC628A016398AD3E8AD39B37EB3">Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Szczecin, Mickiewicza 18, 70 - 383 Szczecin PL.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7B17984DD10A8DD1D036EF8EC40A1A3B">Archibald, Colin</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="777B429F0CC1916B00921BDE6C56B6A0">KZN Aquatic Ecosystems, 2 / 39 Panzano Circuit, Woodvale, 6026, Perth, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="66A04F5DB35B493894AC0B0F9C12F6C9">Kurzydłowski, Krzyszof J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DB631680DBAA31B8795BE3F8B0A86B05">Faculty of Engineering and Material Science, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="102748C298311DA1CB2680471AC683A9">Zgłobicka, Izabela</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="843352E164A2F31673D1F84E226BF9BF">Faculty of Engineering and Material Science, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="23831525C7C09EDB66FD7BFA0921F2AA">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="3003838C9E34DEE5A73E005F9C3B727F">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="31F3E5EAF2026764263AA7B2F2E3EB34">2013-08-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2ABF54DE3D5B015438B499D045B0B618">121</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="7A688F1D5ACFD27EA7DEF347D815557A">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.121.1.2</mods:url>
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<treatment id="C65F87C45323FFA0A5CDFB3BFEA1FEF1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5079517" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5079517" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C65F87C45323FFA0A5CDFB3BFEA1FEF1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C65F87C45323FFA0A5CDFB3BFEA1FEF1" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">
<subSubSection id="06EC65595323FFAFA5CDFB3BFE16FAAB" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="4E4936D25323FFAFA5CDFB3BFAC9FB44" blockId="7.[151,1288,1195,1222]" box="[151,1288,1195,1222]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">
<heading id="150181BE5323FFAFA5CDFB3BFAC9FB44" box="[151,1288,1195,1222]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="89F64D515323FFAFA5CDFB3BFD1BFB44" authority="Dabek &amp; Witkowski" authorityName="Dabek &amp; Witkowski" authorityYear="2013" box="[151,730,1195,1222]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Cymatosiraceae" genus="Cymatosirella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymatosirales" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="benguelensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7C82EAC05323FFAFA5CDFB3BFE23FB44" bold="true" box="[151,482,1196,1222]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Cymatosirella benguelensis</emphasis>
Dąbek &amp; Witkowski
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7C82EAC05323FFAFA7B8FB3BFCFAFB47" box="[738,827,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="67B157BB5323FFAFA7B8FB3BFCFAFB47" box="[738,827,1196,1221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="D6CD2A575323FFAFA610FB3BFC0FFB44" box="[842,974,1196,1222]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–43" captionStartId="6.[150,263,1793,1816]" captionTargetBox="[281,1310,312,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-209@6.[268,1318,299,1771]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 23–43: Cymatosirella benguelensis Dąbek &amp; Witkowski sp. nov., Lamberts Bay, South Africa. All images originate from the holotype slide SZCZ 17497. Figs 23–33: LM images. Scale bar = 10 µm. Figs 32, 33: Living cells with plastids. Figs 34–39, 41, 42: SEM images. Figs 40, 43: TEM images. Figs 34–36: Frustule in girdle view with complete cingulum. Bands with one row of poroids (arrowhead). Fig. 37: External view of valve. Note the simple occlusions closing areolae and spines on the valve face. Figs 38, 39: Internal view of the valve and ocelluli. Fig. 40: Valve with occlusions (arrowhead) and spines (arrow). Fig. 41: Ocellulus composed of 13 porelli (3 central porelli). Figs. 42, 43: Central, bulged part of the valve face surrounded by one row of poroids and spines. Fig. 43: Detail of valve showing occlusions (arrowhead) and spines (arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5079476" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5079476/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Figs 23–33</figureCitation>
[LM],
<figureCitation id="D6CD2A575323FFAFA17EFB3BFB66FB44" box="[1060,1191,1196,1222]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–43" captionStartId="6.[150,263,1793,1816]" captionTargetBox="[281,1310,312,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-209@6.[268,1318,299,1771]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 23–43: Cymatosirella benguelensis Dąbek &amp; Witkowski sp. nov., Lamberts Bay, South Africa. All images originate from the holotype slide SZCZ 17497. Figs 23–33: LM images. Scale bar = 10 µm. Figs 32, 33: Living cells with plastids. Figs 34–39, 41, 42: SEM images. Figs 40, 43: TEM images. Figs 34–36: Frustule in girdle view with complete cingulum. Bands with one row of poroids (arrowhead). Fig. 37: External view of valve. Note the simple occlusions closing areolae and spines on the valve face. Figs 38, 39: Internal view of the valve and ocelluli. Fig. 40: Valve with occlusions (arrowhead) and spines (arrow). Fig. 41: Ocellulus composed of 13 porelli (3 central porelli). Figs. 42, 43: Central, bulged part of the valve face surrounded by one row of poroids and spines. Fig. 43: Detail of valve showing occlusions (arrowhead) and spines (arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5079476" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5079476/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Figs 34–43</figureCitation>
[SEM])
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E4936D25323FFAFA5CDFB45FE16FAAB" blockId="7.[151,1436,1234,1388]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">
Frustules rectangular in girdle view with undulate outline. Valves lanceolate,
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long and
<quantity id="890E9B375323FFAFA1E4FB45FAD3FB6B" box="[1214,1298,1234,1257]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">1–4 µm</quantity>
wide. Valve surface areolated with a ring of areolae present along the valve margin,
<quantity id="890E9B375323FFAFA682FB65FBF6FA8B" box="[984,1079,1266,1289]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.207" metricValueMax="6.604" metricValueMin="3.81" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" unit="in" value="20.5" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="15.0">15–26 in</quantity>
<quantity id="890E9B375323FFAFA11AFB65FB48FA8B" box="[1088,1161,1266,1289]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 µm</quantity>
; some areolae irregularly scattered over valve face.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06EC65595323FFAFA5CDFAA5FC89F9A8" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="4E4936D25323FFAFA5CDFAA5FA9AFAEE" blockId="7.[151,1436,1234,1388]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="7C82EAC05323FFAFA5CDFAA5FF16FAC8" bold="true" box="[151,215,1330,1354]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Type:</emphasis>
—
<materialsCitation id="FE9E3C8F5323FFAFA5A9FAA5FA96FAEE" collectingDate="2011-02-16" collectionCode="SZCZ" collectorName="Dabek &amp; Witkowski &amp; Archibald" country="South Africa" location="Lamberts Bay" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" specimenCode="SZCZ 17497" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="36E176425323FFAFA5A9FAA5FE01FACB" box="[243,448,1330,1353]" name="South Africa" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="8C32F8305323FFAFA48EFAA5FD24FACB" box="[468,741,1330,1353]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Western Cape Province</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="4B2960095323FFAFA7A3FAA5FC5BFACB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C65F87C45323FFA0A5CDFB3BFEA1FEF1:4B2960095323FFAFA7A3FAA5FC5BFACB" box="[761,922,1330,1353]" country="South Africa" name="Lamberts Bay" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" stateProvince="Western Cape">Lamberts Bay</location>
, sand from the intertidal flat (32°5’179’’S; 18°18’701’’E), collected on
<date id="3A4810125323FFAFA4ACFAC2FD7FFAEE" box="[502,702,1362,1388]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" value="2011-02-16">
<collectingDate id="2A0CE9FA5323FFAFA4ACFAC2FD7FFAEE" box="[502,702,1362,1388]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" value="2011-02-16">
16
<superScript id="B9839B9A5323FFAFA74BFAC5FDDDFADD" attach="left" box="[529,540,1362,1375]" fontSize="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">th</superScript>
February 2011
</collectingDate>
</date>
, by
<collectorName id="E30353045323FFAFA7B0FAC2FCF3FAEE" box="[746,818,1365,1388]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Dąbek</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="E30353045323FFAFA667FAC2FC70FAEE" box="[829,945,1365,1388]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Witkowski</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="E30353045323FFAFA688FAC2FBFCFAEE" box="[978,1085,1365,1388]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Archibald</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="1E509EA95323FFAFA111FAC2FB1BFAEE" box="[1099,1242,1365,1388]" collectionCode="SZCZ" country="Poland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3kak-ye4c" name="University of Szczecin" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" type="Herbarium">SZCZ 17497</specimenCode>
,
<typeStatus id="914D88705323FFAFA1BEFAC2FA8AFAEE" box="[1252,1355,1365,1388]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E4936D25323FFAFA5CDFA0CFC89F9A8" blockId="7.[151,1436,1435,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="7C82EAC05323FFAFA5CDFA0CFEC0FA37" bold="true" box="[151,257,1435,1461]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Habitat:</emphasis>
—Lamberts Bay is located about
<quantity id="890E9B375323FFAFA7C8FA0BFD2CFA34" box="[658,749,1436,1462]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" unit="km" value="280.0">280 km</quantity>
north of
<collectingRegion id="8C32F8305323FFAFA607FA0BFC5BFA34" box="[861,922,1436,1462]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Cape</collectingRegion>
Town and is influenced by Atlantic Ocean water masses, part of the Benguela Current upwelling zone. Coastal water temperature rarely exceeds 19° C, salinity is ca. 35 ‰. Beaches are sandy, occasionally with rocky outcrops and tidal pools. Climate is moderate with hot and dry summers and wet, rainy and cold winters.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06EC65595323FFA0A59CF9A1FC6FFF5A" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="4E4936D25323FFAFA59CF9A1FF28F9F5" blockId="7.[151,1436,1435,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="7C82EAC05323FFAFA59CF9A1FE96F9D2" bold="true" box="[198,343,1590,1616]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Etymology:</emphasis>
—Named after the Benguela Current (Atlantic Ocean) which washes the west coast of
<collectingCountry id="36E176425323FFAFA00DF9A1FF27F9F5" name="South Africa" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">South Africa</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E4936D25323FFA0A59CF914FC6FFF5A" blockId="7.[151,1436,1435,2003]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,152,371]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="7C82EAC05323FFAFA59CF914FEB7F91F" bold="true" box="[198,374,1667,1693]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Observations:</emphasis>
—The frustules are rectangular in girdle view with an undulate outline (
<figureCitation id="D6CD2A575323FFAFA182F913FF79F946" captionStart="FIGURES 23–43" captionStartId="6.[150,263,1793,1816]" captionTargetBox="[281,1310,312,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-209@6.[268,1318,299,1771]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 23–43: Cymatosirella benguelensis Dąbek &amp; Witkowski sp. nov., Lamberts Bay, South Africa. All images originate from the holotype slide SZCZ 17497. Figs 23–33: LM images. Scale bar = 10 µm. Figs 32, 33: Living cells with plastids. Figs 34–39, 41, 42: SEM images. Figs 40, 43: TEM images. Figs 34–36: Frustule in girdle view with complete cingulum. Bands with one row of poroids (arrowhead). Fig. 37: External view of valve. Note the simple occlusions closing areolae and spines on the valve face. Figs 38, 39: Internal view of the valve and ocelluli. Fig. 40: Valve with occlusions (arrowhead) and spines (arrow). Fig. 41: Ocellulus composed of 13 porelli (3 central porelli). Figs. 42, 43: Central, bulged part of the valve face surrounded by one row of poroids and spines. Fig. 43: Detail of valve showing occlusions (arrowhead) and spines (arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5079476" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5079476/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Figs 23–28, 34– 36</figureCitation>
). There is a single, large plastid per cell (
<figureCitation id="D6CD2A575323FFAFA7C5F93DFCE8F946" box="[671,809,1706,1732]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–43" captionStartId="6.[150,263,1793,1816]" captionTargetBox="[281,1310,312,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-209@6.[268,1318,299,1771]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 23–43: Cymatosirella benguelensis Dąbek &amp; Witkowski sp. nov., Lamberts Bay, South Africa. All images originate from the holotype slide SZCZ 17497. Figs 23–33: LM images. Scale bar = 10 µm. Figs 32, 33: Living cells with plastids. Figs 34–39, 41, 42: SEM images. Figs 40, 43: TEM images. Figs 34–36: Frustule in girdle view with complete cingulum. Bands with one row of poroids (arrowhead). Fig. 37: External view of valve. Note the simple occlusions closing areolae and spines on the valve face. Figs 38, 39: Internal view of the valve and ocelluli. Fig. 40: Valve with occlusions (arrowhead) and spines (arrow). Fig. 41: Ocellulus composed of 13 porelli (3 central porelli). Figs. 42, 43: Central, bulged part of the valve face surrounded by one row of poroids and spines. Fig. 43: Detail of valve showing occlusions (arrowhead) and spines (arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5079476" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5079476/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Figs 32, 33</figureCitation>
). Cells solitary or forming small ribbon-like colonies with 2–4 cells (
<figureCitation id="D6CD2A575323FFAFA413F946FE3CF969" box="[329,509,1745,1771]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–43" captionStartId="6.[150,263,1793,1816]" captionTargetBox="[281,1310,312,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-209@6.[268,1318,299,1771]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 23–43: Cymatosirella benguelensis Dąbek &amp; Witkowski sp. nov., Lamberts Bay, South Africa. All images originate from the holotype slide SZCZ 17497. Figs 23–33: LM images. Scale bar = 10 µm. Figs 32, 33: Living cells with plastids. Figs 34–39, 41, 42: SEM images. Figs 40, 43: TEM images. Figs 34–36: Frustule in girdle view with complete cingulum. Bands with one row of poroids (arrowhead). Fig. 37: External view of valve. Note the simple occlusions closing areolae and spines on the valve face. Figs 38, 39: Internal view of the valve and ocelluli. Fig. 40: Valve with occlusions (arrowhead) and spines (arrow). Fig. 41: Ocellulus composed of 13 porelli (3 central porelli). Figs. 42, 43: Central, bulged part of the valve face surrounded by one row of poroids and spines. Fig. 43: Detail of valve showing occlusions (arrowhead) and spines (arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5079476" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5079476/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Figs 27, 32, 33</figureCitation>
). The girdle is composed of 8–11 bands each with a single row of poroids (
<figureCitation id="D6CD2A575323FFAFA032F946FF24F890" captionStart="FIGURES 23–43" captionStartId="6.[150,263,1793,1816]" captionTargetBox="[281,1310,312,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-209@6.[268,1318,299,1771]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 23–43: Cymatosirella benguelensis Dąbek &amp; Witkowski sp. nov., Lamberts Bay, South Africa. All images originate from the holotype slide SZCZ 17497. Figs 23–33: LM images. Scale bar = 10 µm. Figs 32, 33: Living cells with plastids. Figs 34–39, 41, 42: SEM images. Figs 40, 43: TEM images. Figs 34–36: Frustule in girdle view with complete cingulum. Bands with one row of poroids (arrowhead). Fig. 37: External view of valve. Note the simple occlusions closing areolae and spines on the valve face. Figs 38, 39: Internal view of the valve and ocelluli. Fig. 40: Valve with occlusions (arrowhead) and spines (arrow). Fig. 41: Ocellulus composed of 13 porelli (3 central porelli). Figs. 42, 43: Central, bulged part of the valve face surrounded by one row of poroids and spines. Fig. 43: Detail of valve showing occlusions (arrowhead) and spines (arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5079476" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5079476/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Figs 34–36</figureCitation>
). The valves are lanceolate (
<figureCitation id="D6CD2A575323FFAFA76DF96FFCDAF890" box="[567,795,1784,1810]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–43" captionStartId="6.[150,263,1793,1816]" captionTargetBox="[281,1310,312,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-209@6.[268,1318,299,1771]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 23–43: Cymatosirella benguelensis Dąbek &amp; Witkowski sp. nov., Lamberts Bay, South Africa. All images originate from the holotype slide SZCZ 17497. Figs 23–33: LM images. Scale bar = 10 µm. Figs 32, 33: Living cells with plastids. Figs 34–39, 41, 42: SEM images. Figs 40, 43: TEM images. Figs 34–36: Frustule in girdle view with complete cingulum. Bands with one row of poroids (arrowhead). Fig. 37: External view of valve. Note the simple occlusions closing areolae and spines on the valve face. Figs 38, 39: Internal view of the valve and ocelluli. Fig. 40: Valve with occlusions (arrowhead) and spines (arrow). Fig. 41: Ocellulus composed of 13 porelli (3 central porelli). Figs. 42, 43: Central, bulged part of the valve face surrounded by one row of poroids and spines. Fig. 43: Detail of valve showing occlusions (arrowhead) and spines (arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5079476" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5079476/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Figs 29–31, 36–40</figureCitation>
),
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long and
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wide. A marginal ring of areolae (
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) is present along the valve margin; other areolae are irregularly scattered across the valve face but less so in around the slightly raised centre of the valve (
<figureCitation id="D6CD2A575323FFAFA6ACF8D2FB44F8DD" box="[1014,1157,1861,1887]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–43" captionStartId="6.[150,263,1793,1816]" captionTargetBox="[281,1310,312,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-209@6.[268,1318,299,1771]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 23–43: Cymatosirella benguelensis Dąbek &amp; Witkowski sp. nov., Lamberts Bay, South Africa. All images originate from the holotype slide SZCZ 17497. Figs 23–33: LM images. Scale bar = 10 µm. Figs 32, 33: Living cells with plastids. Figs 34–39, 41, 42: SEM images. Figs 40, 43: TEM images. Figs 34–36: Frustule in girdle view with complete cingulum. Bands with one row of poroids (arrowhead). Fig. 37: External view of valve. Note the simple occlusions closing areolae and spines on the valve face. Figs 38, 39: Internal view of the valve and ocelluli. Fig. 40: Valve with occlusions (arrowhead) and spines (arrow). Fig. 41: Ocellulus composed of 13 porelli (3 central porelli). Figs. 42, 43: Central, bulged part of the valve face surrounded by one row of poroids and spines. Fig. 43: Detail of valve showing occlusions (arrowhead) and spines (arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5079476" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5079476/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Figs 37–40</figureCitation>
). The areolae are more densely packed near the apices. Externally, the areolae are closed by simple volate occlusions (
<figureCitation id="D6CD2A575323FFAFA056F8FBFF78F82E" captionStart="FIGURES 23–43" captionStartId="6.[150,263,1793,1816]" captionTargetBox="[281,1310,312,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-209@6.[268,1318,299,1771]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 23–43: Cymatosirella benguelensis Dąbek &amp; Witkowski sp. nov., Lamberts Bay, South Africa. All images originate from the holotype slide SZCZ 17497. Figs 23–33: LM images. Scale bar = 10 µm. Figs 32, 33: Living cells with plastids. Figs 34–39, 41, 42: SEM images. Figs 40, 43: TEM images. Figs 34–36: Frustule in girdle view with complete cingulum. Bands with one row of poroids (arrowhead). Fig. 37: External view of valve. Note the simple occlusions closing areolae and spines on the valve face. Figs 38, 39: Internal view of the valve and ocelluli. Fig. 40: Valve with occlusions (arrowhead) and spines (arrow). Fig. 41: Ocellulus composed of 13 porelli (3 central porelli). Figs. 42, 43: Central, bulged part of the valve face surrounded by one row of poroids and spines. Fig. 43: Detail of valve showing occlusions (arrowhead) and spines (arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5079476" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5079476/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Figs 40, 42, 43</figureCitation>
). The ocelluli are composed of 12–14 porelli in the largest specimens and
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the smallest, with 3 central porelli (
<figureCitation id="D6CD2A575323FFAFA417F82EFDC5F851" box="[333,516,1977,2003]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–43" captionStartId="6.[150,263,1793,1816]" captionTargetBox="[281,1310,312,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-209@6.[268,1318,299,1771]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 23–43: Cymatosirella benguelensis Dąbek &amp; Witkowski sp. nov., Lamberts Bay, South Africa. All images originate from the holotype slide SZCZ 17497. Figs 23–33: LM images. Scale bar = 10 µm. Figs 32, 33: Living cells with plastids. Figs 34–39, 41, 42: SEM images. Figs 40, 43: TEM images. Figs 34–36: Frustule in girdle view with complete cingulum. Bands with one row of poroids (arrowhead). Fig. 37: External view of valve. Note the simple occlusions closing areolae and spines on the valve face. Figs 38, 39: Internal view of the valve and ocelluli. Fig. 40: Valve with occlusions (arrowhead) and spines (arrow). Fig. 41: Ocellulus composed of 13 porelli (3 central porelli). Figs. 42, 43: Central, bulged part of the valve face surrounded by one row of poroids and spines. Fig. 43: Detail of valve showing occlusions (arrowhead) and spines (arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5079476" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5079476/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Figs 36, 39, 41</figureCitation>
). Hyaline rings around ocelluli are present (
<figureCitation id="D6CD2A575323FFAFA155F82EFB5BF851" box="[1039,1178,1977,2003]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–43" captionStartId="6.[150,263,1793,1816]" captionTargetBox="[281,1310,312,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-209@6.[268,1318,299,1771]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 23–43: Cymatosirella benguelensis Dąbek &amp; Witkowski sp. nov., Lamberts Bay, South Africa. All images originate from the holotype slide SZCZ 17497. Figs 23–33: LM images. Scale bar = 10 µm. Figs 32, 33: Living cells with plastids. Figs 34–39, 41, 42: SEM images. Figs 40, 43: TEM images. Figs 34–36: Frustule in girdle view with complete cingulum. Bands with one row of poroids (arrowhead). Fig. 37: External view of valve. Note the simple occlusions closing areolae and spines on the valve face. Figs 38, 39: Internal view of the valve and ocelluli. Fig. 40: Valve with occlusions (arrowhead) and spines (arrow). Fig. 41: Ocellulus composed of 13 porelli (3 central porelli). Figs. 42, 43: Central, bulged part of the valve face surrounded by one row of poroids and spines. Fig. 43: Detail of valve showing occlusions (arrowhead) and spines (arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5079476" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5079476/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Figs 37, 41</figureCitation>
). Spines are probably hollow and tapered and are located in the central part of the valve and along the valve margin (
<figureCitation id="D6CD2A57532CFFA0A056FF0FFF79FF5A" captionStart="FIGURES 23–43" captionStartId="6.[150,263,1793,1816]" captionTargetBox="[281,1310,312,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-209@6.[268,1318,299,1771]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 23–43: Cymatosirella benguelensis Dąbek &amp; Witkowski sp. nov., Lamberts Bay, South Africa. All images originate from the holotype slide SZCZ 17497. Figs 23–33: LM images. Scale bar = 10 µm. Figs 32, 33: Living cells with plastids. Figs 34–39, 41, 42: SEM images. Figs 40, 43: TEM images. Figs 34–36: Frustule in girdle view with complete cingulum. Bands with one row of poroids (arrowhead). Fig. 37: External view of valve. Note the simple occlusions closing areolae and spines on the valve face. Figs 38, 39: Internal view of the valve and ocelluli. Fig. 40: Valve with occlusions (arrowhead) and spines (arrow). Fig. 41: Ocellulus composed of 13 porelli (3 central porelli). Figs. 42, 43: Central, bulged part of the valve face surrounded by one row of poroids and spines. Fig. 43: Detail of valve showing occlusions (arrowhead) and spines (arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5079476" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5079476/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="50">Figs 40, 42, 43</figureCitation>
). Processes, pili, pseudosepta nor fascia have not been observed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06EC6559532CFFA0A59CFF72FEA1FEF1" pageId="8" pageNumber="50" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="4E4936D2532CFFA0A59CFF72FEA1FEF1" blockId="8.[151,1436,152,371]" pageId="8" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="7C82EAC0532CFFA0A59CFF72FDC5FF7D" bold="true" box="[198,516,229,255]" pageId="8" pageNumber="50">Ecology and geography:</emphasis>
—
<taxonomicName id="89F64D51532CFFA0A745FF72FCAAFF7C" authorityName="Dabek &amp; Witkowski" authorityYear="2013" box="[543,875,229,254]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Cymatosiraceae" genus="Cymatosirella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymatosirales" pageId="8" pageNumber="50" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="benguelensis">
<emphasis id="7C82EAC0532CFFA0A745FF72FCAAFF7C" box="[543,875,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="50">Cymatosirella benguelensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was most abundant in a sand sample from Lamberts Bay (SZCZ 17497) from an intertidal pool located close to rocky outcrops. A few valves were also observed in a sample from Elands Bay (SZCZ 17518).
<taxonomicName id="89F64D51532CFFA0A67EFEA5FBA9FEC9" authorityName="Dabek &amp; Witkowski" authorityYear="2013" box="[804,1128,306,331]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Cymatosiraceae" genus="Cymatosirella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymatosirales" pageId="8" pageNumber="50" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="benguelensis">
<emphasis id="7C82EAC0532CFFA0A67EFEA5FBA9FEC9" box="[804,1128,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="50">Cymatosirella benguelensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
most probably belongs to the epipsammon.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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