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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="289476" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.116544" ID-GBIF-Dataset="18f4abc8-1716-4c87-a7b6-e8288fddf0a4" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2032-3921-1-100" ID-Pensoft-UUID="88DC4442CDDC5655850545F8BD9B165D" ModsDocID="2032-3921-157-1-100" checkinTime="1709112454517" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="van Wyk, Abraham E. &amp; Boon, Richard G. C." docDate="2024" docId="3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C" docLanguage="en" docName="PlantEcolEvol 157(1): 100-112" docOrigin="Plant Ecology and Evolution 157 (1)" docPubDate="2024-02-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.116544" docTitle="Marijordaania filiformis A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon 2024, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="88DC4442CDDC5655850545F8BD9B165D" lastPageNumber="100" masterDocId="88DC4442CDDC5655850545F8BD9B165D" masterDocTitle="Marijordaania (Celastraceae: Cassinoideae), a new monotypic genus from South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="112" masterPageNumber="100" pageNumber="100" updateTime="1732767982412" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="3CF33690A973914E24C79817E15482E5" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="0310690AC459683B4D739A0C1E6BFC83">
<mods:title id="502E0F8A1154AD44C955A80AEA558BBA">Marijordaania (Celastraceae: Cassinoideae), a new monotypic genus from South Africa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="9C6C4E67B5C8682E08CF7CBB2E9EF9A1" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D25C0F9C62CE2B3E76F18D777BA7C83D">van Wyk, Abraham E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="AD4DCF86940DCDF67B7E93E47B0CDFDB" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0437-3272</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="91F48B7BF79CB19DD2E7935A62623C4E">H. G. W. J. Schweickerdt Herbarium, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2DBD95067AC9909299CD3F4BAA43E5BC" type="email">braamvanwyk@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="E815EEA1AF93F09093B76F7F8CFEDF63">Boon, Richard G. C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3031C6FE6D9F83586FE8C25CEFA2B379" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3109-3687</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="9FC3D0AE07A4259FA7067021943A5486">National Herbarium, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="E106C0E3EA71D70024F5F1F4B1EE9FDA">Plant Ecology and Evolution</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="988BFF12046AAE0CC4344DFB92A93BF2">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F7DFAD1873DCF40E6C533AC80C48391A">2024-02-28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1C450FFA02D6254D8CC4CF5182F60EE0">157</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="6828713BC4E655EB1140EFBBF78230DD">100</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="6717D7317BE635CA6C54CD11D0938F95" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.116544</mods:identifier>
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<subSection id="223997A0EF62D132E1CAF6296171214D" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" type="multiple">
<treatment id="3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="221810268" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C" lastPageNumber="100" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" scope_family="Celastraceae">
<subSubSection id="139171C1169CC1D064A2B4FC2D218359" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D19220658810B33354AA160075B14107" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<taxonomicName id="BB6FB6341D8DEF71BF3459162F0BD691" LSID="3AEF152F-C074-5F4F-90B1-04591C87D60C" authority="(Davison) A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" authorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Marijordaania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Marijordaania filiformis" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filiformis" status="comb. nov.">Marijordaania filiformis (Davison) A.E.van Wyk &amp; R.G.C.Boon</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A97475C022400ACBEECA7308A9D2B0B5" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3FED1F68991D6235E06620ACD310B2E2" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" type="description">
<paragraph id="E51ED2A2519CCC636B6DFEF0D541BCE6" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<figureCitation id="373CCD0B177C4B9EB9DE7E016CC8829F" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Marijordaania filiformis. A. Flowering branchlet. B. Inflorescence, showing short peduncle with bracts and a single flower in bud (just before anthesis). C. Flower, viewed from above. D. Flower, viewed from below. E. Transverse section of ovary, showing five locules, each with two ovules. F. Single stamen, inserted on swollen, discoid, lobe of disc. G. Selection of almost mature, intact fruit, plus one old, dehisced and empty one; shape varies depending on the number of ovules that develops into seed. H. Seeds, three with the aril intact, one with aril removed. Scale bars: A, G = 20 mm; B-D, H = 5 mm; E, F = 1 mm. A based on Jordaan 394 (NH), B-F from Abbott 1798 (PRU; spirit collection), and G-H from Abbott 6082 (PRU; spirit collection). Drawn by Daleen Roodt." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.116544.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/990552" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="8891B8444B644693F79930ECD227DD34" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Marijordaania filiformis. A. Flowering branchlet, viewed from below; note distichous arrangement of leaves. B. Branchlet showing flowers borne on long, slender, and pendant pedicels; also present is a young developing fruit. C. Flowers; note each stamen inserted on a swollen discoid subunit of the disc. D. Flower viewed obliquely from the side. E. Flower, viewed from below. F. Fruit, intact and almost mature. G. Fruit, dehisced, showing a dark-coloured seed partly covered by a white aril. Photographs A-C by Sharon Louw; D-G by Richard Boon." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.116544.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/990553" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">, 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="4F80BAC94AE92EF1A95428E8A79C46E9" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Topographical map showing the known distribution of Marijordaania filiformis. Solid circles indicate localities supported by herbarium specimens; open circles with small central dots depict sight and other records in need of vouchers (details in text). The insert shows a map of southern Africa with names of countries; the grey rectangle indicates the area depicted by the topographical map." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.116544.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/990554" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">, 3</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A5E9740DD0B0C1EF9189E2E0AFC86518" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="4BFB8011CBA556C087E1E8DE26742847" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<taxonomicName id="E838017A5C3144E977B3A63EDDFD87F5" authorityName="van Wyk &amp; Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Gymnosporia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnosporia filiformis" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filiformis" status="comb. nov.">Gymnosporia filiformis</taxonomicName>
Davison, Bothalia 2: 311. 1927. (
<bibRefCitation id="C73DC2B2D287B859DD225754BD485068" author="Davison, JD" journalOrPublisher="Bothalia" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" pagination="289 - 346" refId="B6" refString="Davison, JD, 1927. Celastraceae R. Br. Bothalia 2: 289 - 346" title="Celastraceae R. Br." volume="2" year="1927">Davison 1927</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0D6F295EDF0DA9A25DA4A14C081475BF" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<taxonomicName id="07574E57E33D5B817BC869BA53A3541A" authorityName="van Wyk &amp; Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="van Wyk &amp; Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" status="comb. nov.">Maytenus</taxonomicName>
&quot;
<taxonomicName id="E8F03AA098E59CE7CADBC8E41D69003E" authorityName="van Wyk &amp; Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="van Wyk &amp; Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" status="comb. nov.">Maytenus</taxonomicName>
sp.&quot; (
<bibRefCitation id="957D4443987F92EEADEDFD5826C27582" author="Pooley, E [ES]" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" refId="B22" refString="Pooley, E [ES], 1993. The Complete Field Guide to Trees of Natal, Zululand &amp; Transkei. Natal Flora Publications Trust, Durban, 1-512." title="The Complete Field Guide to Trees of Natal, Zululand &amp; Transkei. Natal Flora Publications Trust, Durban, 1 - 512." year="1993">Pooley 1993</bibRefCitation>
: 264).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6BBB45F999A3573A76CBCDC38A245B03" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<taxonomicName id="B38E31F3474A056EABC52F3DA9CBEA6D" authorityName="van Wyk &amp; Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="van Wyk &amp; Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" status="comb. nov.">Maytenus</taxonomicName>
&quot;
<taxonomicName id="04E27656CC837AD026C70F6C3241B221" authorityName="van Wyk &amp; Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="van Wyk &amp; Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" status="comb. nov.">Maytenus</taxonomicName>
sp. A&quot; sensu
<bibRefCitation id="07107C2F43491C94BC2259EA4F99BBB4" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4618(16)30065-1" author="Van Wyk, AE" journalOrPublisher="South African Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" pagination="115 - 119" refId="B33" refString="Van Wyk, AE, 1984. A new species of Maytenus (Celastraceae) from southern Natal. South African Journal of Botany 3: 115 - 119, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4618(16)30065-1" title="A new species of Maytenus (Celastraceae) from southern Natal." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4618(16)30065-1" volume="3" year="1984">Van Wyk (1984)</bibRefCitation>
non
<bibRefCitation id="CDF4B936D06360F49E76ED82B5EB5B60" author="Schmidt, E" journalOrPublisher="South African Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" refId="B25" refString="Schmidt, E, Loetter, M, McCleland, W, 2002. Trees and Shrubs of Mpumalanga and Kruger National Park. Jacana, Johannesburg, 1-702." title="Trees and Shrubs of Mpumalanga and Kruger National Park. Jacana, Johannesburg, 1 - 702." year="2002">Schmidt et al. (2002)</bibRefCitation>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3FA791BD6DA7F01602B836DD3677D71D" author="Coates Palgrave, M" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" refId="B5" refString="Coates Palgrave, M, 2002. Keith Coates Palgrave Trees of Southern Africa, 3rd edition. Struik, Cape Town, 1-1212." title="Keith Coates Palgrave Trees of Southern Africa, 3 rd edition. Struik, Cape Town, 1 - 1212." year="2002">Coates Palgrave 2002</bibRefCitation>
: 596;
<bibRefCitation id="6A843604C805767418F25B43BCE54C73" author="Boon, R [RGC]" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" refId="B4" refString="Boon, R [RGC], 2010. Pooley's Trees of Eastern South Africa. A Complete Guide. Flora and Fauna Publications Trust, Durban, 1-626." title="Pooley's Trees of Eastern South Africa. A Complete Guide. Flora and Fauna Publications Trust, Durban, 1 - 626." year="2010">Boon 2010</bibRefCitation>
: 308).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1CDCA84F79BF20BA22D7FEF7F28F4CAE" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" type="illustrations">
<paragraph id="5AA2C940D02C1AA14D8913B2D63512CC" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Illustrations.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="93B55D05AA195859FFAA284909E19430" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<bibRefCitation id="EC3D22DF4A948829524721AA6CF34941" author="Abbott, AT" journalOrPublisher="Veld &amp; Flora" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" pagination="9 - 12" refId="B1" refString="Abbott, AT, 1985. The Umtamvuna Nature Reserve. Veld &amp; Flora 71 (1): 9 - 12" title="The Umtamvuna Nature Reserve." volume="71" year="1985">Abbott (1985</bibRefCitation>
: 11,
<taxonomicName id="F3E0CC858E69D4B4B9C89AFBC5AFE3DB" authorityName="van Wyk &amp; Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Gymnosporia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnosporia filiformis" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="E4BCFFD1F2186316EB79609DB2633884" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Gymnosporia filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Davison p.p., top plate);
<bibRefCitation id="C2C9D2C12A8EDBCE71600FEE892258AF" author="Pooley, E [ES]" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" refId="B22" refString="Pooley, E [ES], 1993. The Complete Field Guide to Trees of Natal, Zululand &amp; Transkei. Natal Flora Publications Trust, Durban, 1-512." title="The Complete Field Guide to Trees of Natal, Zululand &amp; Transkei. Natal Flora Publications Trust, Durban, 1 - 512." year="1993">Pooley (1993</bibRefCitation>
: 265,
<taxonomicName id="43E92A74641EF21CFC50861DCB517ECE" authorityName="van Wyk &amp; Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="van Wyk &amp; Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="399C67899831D7184F2366E3AE5BFA31" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., two photographs in top row);
<bibRefCitation id="2E6690BDBD6BD30FBBBB4C7CC297A5AC" author="Boon, R [RGC]" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" refId="B4" refString="Boon, R [RGC], 2010. Pooley's Trees of Eastern South Africa. A Complete Guide. Flora and Fauna Publications Trust, Durban, 1-626." title="Pooley's Trees of Eastern South Africa. A Complete Guide. Flora and Fauna Publications Trust, Durban, 1 - 626." year="2010">Boon (2010</bibRefCitation>
: 309,
<taxonomicName id="3CCDFB5E4FD8097E4BA6C6D5C30234C3" authorityName="van Wyk &amp; Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="van Wyk &amp; Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="20EAB7B18A63424F510F9CE5B2B79372" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. A, three photographs in bottom row);
<bibRefCitation id="B22B2F07CF4D1F2A4AA08105CCA6FCBA" author="Van Wyk, B [AE]" journalOrPublisher="South African Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" refId="B36" refString="Van Wyk, B [AE], Van den Berg, E, Coates Palgrave, M, Jordaan, M, 2011. Dictionary of Names for Southern African Trees. Scientific Names of Indigenous Trees, Shrubs and Climbers with Common Names from 30 Languages. Briza Academic Books, Briza Publications, Pretoria, 1-956." title="Dictionary of Names for Southern African Trees. Scientific Names of Indigenous Trees, Shrubs and Climbers with Common Names from 30 Languages. Briza Academic Books, Briza Publications, Pretoria, 1 - 956." year="2011">Van Wyk et al. (2011</bibRefCitation>
: 447,
<taxonomicName id="A85A85C1AFAEFBD6156213795E00BF19" authorityName="van Wyk &amp; Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="van Wyk &amp; Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="403EB08E462A36CD77D54C5BA85C0237" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. A).
</paragraph>
<caption id="1C95E6228E7CB1529EE45365CBA7B60A" doi="10.5091/plecevo.116544.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/990552" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph id="CCD85B87C66777AFD51E5D1BE0B74A91" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<emphasis id="35131611B9289E0C19A857B711C778D9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="334AFCDCCAC25D8178500BD0060F9B1E" authorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Marijordaania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Marijordaania filiformis" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="F577CB412949862F1E81095F77504005" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Marijordaania filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="6B985433E52CFFAA40B1FFF2477D67E9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">A</emphasis>
. Flowering branchlet.
<emphasis id="F36C7F628F8017F9D76E075FED398E3C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">B</emphasis>
. Inflorescence, showing short peduncle with bracts and a single flower in bud (just before anthesis).
<emphasis id="9F413285C9B79606983EF31A93218E93" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">C</emphasis>
. Flower, viewed from above.
<emphasis id="00BDF1C947970F972AB61862CBB1F6BC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">D</emphasis>
. Flower, viewed from below.
<emphasis id="24070877D78609A2C66552411EE69549" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">E</emphasis>
. Transverse section of ovary, showing five locules, each with two ovules.
<emphasis id="F8276F3CE51E46F7ACE009D62463B16F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">F</emphasis>
. Single stamen, inserted on swollen, discoid, lobe of disc.
<emphasis id="BD1AA63CF324EC58E007B426A075B0DB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">G</emphasis>
. Selection of almost mature, intact fruit, plus one old, dehisced and empty one; shape varies depending on the number of ovules that develops into seed.
<emphasis id="1CBEC53BC2568E769AD1A256EF8AEB93" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">H</emphasis>
. Seeds, three with the aril intact, one with aril removed. Scale bars: A, G = 20 mm; B-D, H = 5 mm; E, F = 1 mm. A based on
<emphasis id="480D436248ECAF55CB44F48B1E0EB2FB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Jordaan 394</emphasis>
(NH), B-F from
<emphasis id="6E54DF6094B88A024C509AC224C43E9C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Abbott 1798</emphasis>
(PRU; spirit collection), and G-H from
<emphasis id="2867A00F302C4CACE6B6925DE3FD464B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Abbott 6082</emphasis>
(PRU; spirit collection). Drawn by Daleen Roodt.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FDEC1CC2A8D20A7A3043FA46A25C8EB4" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="FF411BE563EDBFC038F02AD205F59289" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<typeStatus id="5719163883CBD2C44683732E49CA978C">Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8AB31DA00444BC6095B9B9D3B8FABFC6" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<materialsCitation id="8D49B307F9075ED75F8915376643ED04" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4526774302" collectingDate="1880-01" collectingDateMax="1881-12" collectingDateMin="1880-01" country="SOUTH AFRICA" location="Inanda" municipality="Natal" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="lectotype">
<collectingCountry id="1FE67F75903047E2D14F11EF60723B56" name="South Africa">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
•
<collectingMunicipality id="B3DE5BE2D8DB1487DEA7EB7E531C74FC">Natal</collectingMunicipality>
[
<collectingRegion id="35549F76C25251A4FC0D29A04F30FF62" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
],
<location id="DB3D6B1E53854D773AEA0CBC6C82953E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:DB3D6B1E53854D773AEA0CBC6C82953E" country="SOUTH AFRICA" municipality="Natal" name="Inanda" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Inanda</location>
[2830DB]; recd.
<collectingDate id="77DDF3E15A64C86D77E16CDA9666DDA3" value="1880-01">Jan. 1880</collectingDate>
(K),
<collectingDate id="31A29E1FC8766E2DA474C0A6EBEEC5AE" value="1881-12">Dec. 1881</collectingDate>
(BOL);
<emphasis id="B7DB979F4267A980C146367C2D5075C6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Wood 734</emphasis>
;
<typeStatus id="0A8186A7ABA340EFEC62408268DF70FF" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
(
<emphasis id="90807E323EDD28E1FAA974083CAF0E26" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">designated here</emphasis>
): K [K000035898];
<typeStatus id="FD77BDFE8399E7EAF18A18DA5EDD1FCF" type="isolectotype">isolectotypes</typeStatus>
: K [K000035899], BOL, PRE [PRE0259491-0]
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="30D433B423DF462FD980268F3C7017C6" doi="10.5091/plecevo.116544.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/990553" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="323E3661040EBD7AC2D26D49B532BFB1" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<emphasis id="14E253BD1B49D4BD22C4768455901BFD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8E4F436A2DCEC39132EFC9BADE1B98D6" authorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Marijordaania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Marijordaania filiformis" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="9F6280A86C6914312E6F49F7C0E9E302" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Marijordaania filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="BC9D3118884D1CCEE2608021502BA1AF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">A</emphasis>
. Flowering branchlet, viewed from below; note distichous arrangement of leaves.
<emphasis id="4A25AB94AFA9DF6087B741F275E22C83" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">B</emphasis>
. Branchlet showing flowers borne on long, slender, and pendant pedicels; also present is a young developing fruit.
<emphasis id="23865AEF74D33A77B3149F28BE0A8B32" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">C</emphasis>
. Flowers; note each stamen inserted on a swollen discoid subunit of the disc.
<emphasis id="F523CD922A13CC2C4E01A120DFE8D342" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">D</emphasis>
. Flower viewed obliquely from the side.
<emphasis id="4AC983D5AC06AE98FE3CA46CB83A6F1A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">E</emphasis>
. Flower, viewed from below.
<emphasis id="2B85E83E6C1C5F6B62DBA72A5CBE5BDE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">F</emphasis>
. Fruit, intact and almost mature.
<emphasis id="CDE7EA5E8E5835544E44041D5F6CFD09" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">G.</emphasis>
Fruit, dehisced, showing a dark-coloured seed partly covered by a white aril. Photographs A-C by Sharon Louw; D-G by Richard Boon.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="639935771FB1EC5DB916DA4218B1467C" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" type="description">
<paragraph id="2787531A107A1B82DA47EBC39A599AF4" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E020957CC9F9737491D7273BF04C225" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
Evergreen, slender, lax, semi-scandent, sometimes ascending, shrub or rarely a small tree up to 6(-8) m tall, unarmed, glabrous, leaves and bark lack elastic threads on breaking; new growth reddish, reddish brown, or bronze. Trunk usually multi-stemmed from ground level, up to ca 10 stems, usually fewer, possibly producing suckers from subterranean roots, individual stems up to ca 40 mm diam. near ground level. Bark smooth, grey-brown, much-covered in crustose lichen. Branches slender, flexuose, initially reddish brown, soon changing to green, 4-lined due to 2 narrow wings extending down the stem from the leaf base, with pale, moderately dense lenticels when young, finally terete, grey, lenticels obscure. Stipules marcescent, free, paired, lateral, lanceolate, 0.4-0.5 mm long. Leaves simple, alternate, distichous, ovate or elliptic, (15-)40-65(-92)
<normalizedToken id="D389FCA2A5822167A51F494BD76D90F8" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(10-)20-35(-45) mm; base rounded; apex acute to narrowly acute or acuminate, rarely obtuse, mucronulate, gland-tipped; margin flat, glandular-denticulate to glandular-serrulate mainly in the distal half to two-thirds, with up to 18 irregularly- and well-spaced, dark teeth on each margin, usually fewer; chartaceous to thinly coriaceous; mature leaves dark green above, some leaves with ca circular patches of crustose, grey lichen, paler green below; midrib on adaxial surface prominent, raised and angled, raised in the proximal half of the abaxial surface and rounded, becoming plane in the distal half, brochidodromous; secondary (principal lateral) veins ca 6-10 pairs, raised on adaxial surface, obscure on abaxial surface; tertiary veins coarsely reticulate, distinct on adaxial surface, indistinct below. Petiole ca 1.5-2 mm long, canaliculate above, decurrent, forming raised lines on branchlets. Inflorescences cymose, solitary, axillary, 1- or 2(3)-flowered, peduncle 2-5 mm long, tipped by persistent lanceolate bracts 1-2 mm long, ca 1 mm wide. Flowers bisexual, actinomorphic, pentamerous, ca 10 mm in diam.; pedicel filiform, pendant, (20-)35-40(-45) mm long, articulated ca 0.5 mm above the base, reddish green. Sepals free, unequal with 2 smaller outer ones, 3 larger inner ones, green, pinkish green to pink-red with margin entire, whitish, the outer ones ca sub-orbicular, ca 1
<normalizedToken id="1E96215E0BF4994D6E01AFC9B8C9464F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.5 mm; margin entire; apex rounded and shortly mucronate, the inner ones sub-orbicular, ca 1.5
<normalizedToken id="252118DB95C02B054A406A0C5A1B43B0" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2.5 mm, apex rounded or obtuse, shortly mucronate. Petals sub-orbicular, ca 4.5-5
<normalizedToken id="79F777CFD2B21340C4A3B6984615842C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3.5 mm; base cuneate; apex rounded; margin undulate, entire, central part pink-red, fading distally into a white margin. Stamens with filaments arising from the centre of the disc lobes, erect, ca straight, terete, gradually widening to the base, ca 0.5 mm long; anthers dorsifixed, directed upwards, dehiscing by longitudinal slits; pollen pale yellow. Disc prominent, ca 3 mm in diam., comprising 5 discoid subunits, each ca 1 mm in diam., fleshy, green to pale yellowish green or yellowish. Ovary almost entirely included in and adnate to the disc, 5-locular with 2 erect collateral ovules in each locule; style ca 0.5 mm long; stigma capitate. Fruit capsular, 1-5-locular, flattened globose and lobed, ca globose when 1-locular, dehiscing loculicidally to the base, ca 8-12
<normalizedToken id="B8693F6DBEAC4F57782FE29FF0B5761D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
15-17 mm in dry specimens, tipped by the persistent style and stigma, smooth, light yellowish green, calyx persistent, sepals revolute. Seed red-brown, 7-8
<normalizedToken id="E466231E90735FF144C11E42B6B56600" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5 mm; aril white enveloping more than half the seed, margin irregularly lobed, smooth-surfaced but sparsely puberulent towards the base.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3295EB4201C3DDA14DBA433FA44FC6FF" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="237C61D96166AAA68D669D3CC00E63C0" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="76EC6A94F3B6BB2E0FDA2C3EAB32DEE6" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
Floristically, the range of
<taxonomicName id="2A7BA96853AFFB4083E1851F1DD4DA01" authorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Marijordaania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Marijordaania filiformis" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="2AA5E82FDDB2982933201A1EAF4FE12A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Marijordaania filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="60A6873B93D55F59EF3F642779A412CA" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Topographical map showing the known distribution of Marijordaania filiformis. Solid circles indicate localities supported by herbarium specimens; open circles with small central dots depict sight and other records in need of vouchers (details in text). The insert shows a map of southern Africa with names of countries; the grey rectangle indicates the area depicted by the topographical map." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.116544.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/990554" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">3</figureCitation>
) falls within the Maputaland-Pondoland Region (
<bibRefCitation id="9C0403BC1F68828750F7411B3730FD31" author="Van Wyk, AE" journalOrPublisher="South African Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" refId="B34" refString="Van Wyk, AE, Smith, GF, 2001. Regions of Floristic Endemism in Southern Africa: a Review with Emphasis on Succulents. Umdaus Press, Hatfield, Pretoria, 1-199." title="Regions of Floristic Endemism in Southern Africa: a Review with Emphasis on Succulents. Umdaus Press, Hatfield, Pretoria, 1 - 199." year="2001">Van Wyk and Smith 2001</bibRefCitation>
), which is more or less congruent with the Maputaland-Pondoland-Albany Hotspot, one of 36 global biodiversity hotspots (
<bibRefCitation id="9A59F2648C323CD1238D8CA19C45E869" author="Steenkamp, Y" editor="Mittermeier, RA" journalOrPublisher="Cemex &amp; Conservation International, Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" pagination="219 - 228" refId="B30" refString="Steenkamp, Y, Van Wyk, B [AE], Victor, J, Hoare, D, Smith, G, Dold, T, Cowling, R, 2004. Maputaland-Pondoland-Albany. In: Mittermeier, RA, Robles, Gil P, Hoffmann, M, Pilgrim, J, Brooks, T, Goettsch Mittermeier, C, Lamoreux, J, da Fonseca, GAB, Eds., Hotspots Revisited: Earth's Biologically Richest and Most Threatened Terrestrial Ecoregions. Cemex &amp; Conservation International, Washington: 219 - 228" title="Maputaland-Pondoland-Albany." volumeTitle="Hotspots Revisited: Earth's Biologically Richest and Most Threatened Terrestrial Ecoregions." year="2004">Steenkamp et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
). According to confirmed (vouchered) records, it occurs from Ongoye Forest Nature Reserve in KwaZulu-Natal in the north to Dwesa-Cwebe Nature Reserve at the mouth of the Mbashe River in the Eastern Cape in the south. Within this range, the species is known from ca 12 disjunct localities.
</paragraph>
<caption id="BF1B1EE4B991F871D45A359F2F8BBF65" doi="10.5091/plecevo.116544.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/990554" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="09FBF85F6A1F1E516CDEFEEBBAFAA606" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<emphasis id="491288580323785D1E1DD0056415999A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Topographical map showing the known distribution of
<taxonomicName id="EB22DB25250E6FDD0F9644AF2121ED7B" authorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Marijordaania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Marijordaania filiformis" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="502CEBCF6E1B93FE02196C47037DC571" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Marijordaania filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Solid circles indicate localities supported by herbarium specimens; open circles with small central dots depict sight and other records in need of vouchers (details in text). The insert shows a map of southern Africa with names of countries; the grey rectangle indicates the area depicted by the topographical map.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="0A82E7CEDBC05F8DAAEF7510E849CEBE" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
Additionally, there are four other possible or probable localities for the species (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F7CC511E38CAA284FA87EA13B339D70D" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Topographical map showing the known distribution of Marijordaania filiformis. Solid circles indicate localities supported by herbarium specimens; open circles with small central dots depict sight and other records in need of vouchers (details in text). The insert shows a map of southern Africa with names of countries; the grey rectangle indicates the area depicted by the topographical map." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.116544.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/990554" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">3</figureCitation>
). The northernmost two are on privately-owned farms about 20 km apart in the Lebombo or Lubombo Mountains of Eswatini (formerly Swaziland), where they were photographed, and material was collected around 2004 (Linda Loffler pers. comm. 10 Aug. 2022). The southern one of these localities is about 265 km north of Ongoye Forest Nature Reserve in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Unfortunately, the herbarium specimen has been lost, but a plant was collected and cultivated. It still survives in a garden in Mbabane, Eswatini (Linda Loffler pers. comm. 10 Aug. 2022). However, the presence of the species in Eswatini still needs confirmation since there is no herbarium voucher specimen available.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="22422F19DF219BF48794E5FF57B69D93" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
The third potential locality for the species is the Ozwatini Plateau north of Ndwedwe in central KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. A specimen from here (
<emphasis id="212577E7A2BD81B982FB6C4876E51548" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Scott-Shaw 2057</emphasis>
in CPF, now incorporated in NU) might be
<taxonomicName id="230C51502E92A355F80ACA8BB01E71B6" lsidName="M. filiformis" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="20193BE7901196DAE729F882282F2B24" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">M. filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the flowers are too young to be certain. The fourth possible locality is the Majuleni Forest located along a small tributary of the Mtentu River near Baleni, Pondoland, Eastern Cape, South Africa. This locality is almost certainly correct, but it is based on a photographic record with no voucher specimen having been preserved (Dorothy McIntyre pers. comm. 4 Mar. 2019; Sinegugu Zukulu pers. comm. 28 Jul. 2023).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="315D6AB5C7EDFB309026CD888993460B" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="20171A6A345B1BA7FBFA60B9F65B3AC5" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F9A08BE4466E7AAA288A4E1EF6E1F257" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<taxonomicName id="0699AB3458A2791CDEDCC25F785CAC67" authorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Marijordaania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Marijordaania filiformis" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="57A0B4C8E7B1108EC0F5A61866C8D483" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Marijordaania filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in the understorey of sub-tropical Scarp Forest (vegetation type FOz5 of
<bibRefCitation id="994DE407777E715C3361BBE7620A84FA" author="Mucina, L" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" refId="B21" refString="Mucina, L, Rutherford, MC, 2006. The Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Strelitzia 19. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 1-807." title="The Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Strelitzia 19. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 1 - 807." year="2006">Mucina and Rutherford 2006</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="6F2BDD032F6E3ECDCC2C4B80BB93EEAD" author="Rogers, CB" journalOrPublisher="South African Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" publicationUrl="http://bgis.sanbi.org/Projects/Detail/186" refId="B24" refString="2006-2018. . http://bgis.sanbi.org/Projects/Detail/186" url="http://bgis.sanbi.org/Projects/Detail/186" year="2006 - 2018">SANBI 2006-2018</bibRefCitation>
), where it grows in deep shade near watercourses and rocky places, such as at the base of cliffs. It is found from near sea level at southern localities (probably above 50-100 m, but exact collecting information is unknown) to elevations of about 470 m in the north.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6CBADCC9C4D5CA3ED486B084A9CEA76E" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
The geology of the parent rock where the species is found can be igneous, metamorphic or sedimentary (
<bibRefCitation id="FD27C1F0B06DF414F7E864A5A5260331" author="Johnson, MR" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" refId="B14" refString="Johnson, MR, Anhaeusser, CR, Thomas, RJ, 2006. The Geology of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Johannesburg/Council for Geoscience, Pretoria, 1-691." title="The Geology of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Johannesburg / Council for Geoscience, Pretoria, 1 - 691." year="2006">Johnson et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
). South of Port St Johns in the Eastern Cape, it is associated with sedimentary rock of the Karoo Supergroup, further north in Pondoland with Msikaba Formation sandstone, at Durban it is associated with Natal Group sandstone, and at Ongoye Forest Nature Reserve, it is associated with granite-gneiss of the Ongoye Complex. If it occurs in the Lubombo or Lebombo Mountains of Eswatini, it will likely be associated with rhyolitic lavas of the Jozini Formation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D23F8F2AEA7F58B613D9396CC56B40A" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
Essentially, very little is known about animals associated with
<taxonomicName id="4E6915B7DACF310F39877AAF557EFA66" lsidName="M. filiformis" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="A1B369B9BA04076A0232EF8BA40A07D4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">M. filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Whitefly pupae of the family
<taxonomicName id="9D499327B80C1B6FDE9BF02E33F6C94B" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1840" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropo" rank="family">Aleyrodidae</taxonomicName>
were found on the leaf undersides at the Krantzkloof Nature Reserve, Durban. It is noteworthy that similar whitefly pupae were observed in a photograph, most likely of our species, in the Majuleni Forest, Pondoland.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DD7600BF97379A7EA58AD14A77E923BF" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" type="phenology">
<paragraph id="2C42ECD9B3F1CC0E79FF5A17C47ACD20" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0BABAEA3F5A5860305F0B011BF9ACBF3" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Fertile material is infrequently encountered and, when present, there are usually few flowers and fruit. Flowering and fruiting are apparently not linked to seasons as fertile material has been collected in most months of the year.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0DEFB5B09EDA64EAAE8E4D5C8050EA95" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" type="vernacular names">
<paragraph id="EFB2FA478A419B62BB06AADBE13891A7" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Vernacular names.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D485A21DF640CEE80BF524460BC030CA" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
English vernacular names in use are &quot;red-flowered false silkybark&quot; and &quot;red-flowered silkybark&quot;, and Afrikaans names are
<normalizedToken id="1A502C4B01A1B6FBEFF6C65349EF821E" originalValue="“rooiblomvalssybas”">&quot;rooiblomvalssybas&quot;</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken id="9DD3FEB626ADB109E37860CCEB4EC9C0" originalValue="“rooiblomsybas”">&quot;rooiblomsybas&quot;</normalizedToken>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2471CD566EE9FF5907EE55C186E2661A" author="Boon, R [RGC]" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" refId="B4" refString="Boon, R [RGC], 2010. Pooley's Trees of Eastern South Africa. A Complete Guide. Flora and Fauna Publications Trust, Durban, 1-626." title="Pooley's Trees of Eastern South Africa. A Complete Guide. Flora and Fauna Publications Trust, Durban, 1 - 626." year="2010">Boon 2010</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="C2B1E50D56ECFC7B866E56D78FE50355" author="Van Wyk, B [AE]" journalOrPublisher="South African Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" refId="B36" refString="Van Wyk, B [AE], Van den Berg, E, Coates Palgrave, M, Jordaan, M, 2011. Dictionary of Names for Southern African Trees. Scientific Names of Indigenous Trees, Shrubs and Climbers with Common Names from 30 Languages. Briza Academic Books, Briza Publications, Pretoria, 1-956." title="Dictionary of Names for Southern African Trees. Scientific Names of Indigenous Trees, Shrubs and Climbers with Common Names from 30 Languages. Briza Academic Books, Briza Publications, Pretoria, 1 - 956." year="2011">Van Wyk et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
). The first mentioned of these English and Afrikaans names are the ones recommended by the Dendrological Society of South Africa (
<bibRefCitation id="6A16E3ED5E4D3E3C9ABD0A0BF61934FB" author="Von Duerckheim, H" journalOrPublisher="South African Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" refId="B37" refString="Von Duerckheim, H, Van Wyk, B [AE], Van den Berg, E, Coates Palgrave, M, Jordaan, M, 2014. Saklys van Suider-Afrikaanse Inheemse Bome/Pocket List of Southern African Indigenous Trees, 5th edition. Briza Academic Books, Briza Publications, Pretoria, 1-634." title="Saklys van Suider-Afrikaanse Inheemse Bome / Pocket List of Southern African Indigenous Trees, 5 th edition. Briza Academic Books, Briza Publications, Pretoria, 1 - 634." year="2014">
Von
<normalizedToken id="BC7BEA659141D603DFA1C4D596A21A6D" originalValue="Dürckheim">Duerckheim</normalizedToken>
et al. 2014
</bibRefCitation>
). No names have been recorded in any of the other local languages.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="57C7D8B08BCF2D67009EB3632CB19CCD" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" type="preliminary iucn conservation assessment">
<paragraph id="114051825C6A0C0194D62B96C8092676" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Preliminary IUCN conservation assessment.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FED8769AE237B597B3E750CE2612BA46" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
Endangered: (EN) C2a(i). The EOO of
<taxonomicName id="DC3E66222A1E67499B86C637DB764B51" lsidName="M. filiformis" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="C82F598CBAAE61209180C92393BCB750" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">M. filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was estimated at 6865 km2. The AOO calculated was 56 km2 using the recommended 2 km cell width. The areas were determined using the localities where the species has been collected. Only one herbarium collection included geographic coordinates, therefore the localities used in the assessment are not precise. A 2 km cell width seems reasonable given that the species occurs in relatively small, discrete forest patches surrounded by unsuitable habitat. A 2 km cell drawn around the estimated localities includes most of the forest at that location.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F7C07C6AC2D438EB847FB0764C6F647C" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<taxonomicName id="A7EEA3914EEB1E94E9E9AE9A672AF37F" authorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Marijordaania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Marijordaania filiformis" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="98EE95AADAB324175BF5B2F61F486B21" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Marijordaania filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in 15 subpopulations as defined by the
<bibRefCitation id="1097AD299C5F2838B4FFF2F385D60C69" author="Hou, D" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" publicationUrl="https://portals.iucn.org/library/node/10315" refId="B12" refString="2012. . https://portals.iucn.org/library/node/10315" url="https://portals.iucn.org/library/node/10315" year="2012">IUCN (2012)</bibRefCitation>
. There are no estimates of the population or subpopulation sizes. In our experience, the species occurs only in small numbers where it is found. It seems unlikely that there are more than 100 mature individuals in any subpopulation, which means the overall population size is probably fewer than 1500. Some subpopulations may be too small to be viable in the long-term.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F3130116220F2BB5830C58BB7ED0D062" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
Most subpopulations are separated from the nearest subpopulation by large distances and unsuitable habitat, thus genetic or demographic exchange seems unlikely. In three cases, two subpopulations are about 6 km apart and there are forest links in between. In these instances, it could alternatively have been assumed that plants at the two localities belong to a single larger population. However,
<taxonomicName id="069699BF8BDAF8B31DBB2EE1C1AE2BB9" lsidName="M. filiformis" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="50EE9854EC06356D435906831E965D62" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">M. filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has specific habitat requirements, is rare within suitable habitat, and produces few flowers and fruits, which means that subpopulations separated by even fairly small distances are probably functionally disconnected.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D685E639A7D29E33825D52D663D0809" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
Several of the subpopulations are protected in statutory conservation areas. Subpopulations that are inadequately protected are threatened by degradation of their forest habitat.
<taxonomicName id="3F344A39DF2EFA19A7A6925BB564CA43" authorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Marijordaania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Marijordaania filiformis" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="4DB756E9E845F7FE6B97D99C43ACD4F1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Marijordaania filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not known to be used for traditional purposes. The species occupies rocky habitats, which affords it protection from wildfire. Individuals that grow adjacent to rivers are probably at risk of being killed or damaged by floods. Both wildfire and flooding are likely to increase across the
<normalizedToken id="937911EE8AD30ECB33B4B40729DCE760" originalValue="species’">species'</normalizedToken>
range due to climate change. The species probably reproduces mainly clonally, which means that genets in the sub-populations are genetically identical.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2869534C7A92CB83399095AD6AE38F42" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">There is no evidence for a large reduction in population size, which is required for threatened Category A. The EOO and AOO distribution thresholds of Vulnerable and Endangered respectively are met for Category B, but only one of the three conditions is met (B2(b)), therefore the taxon does not qualify in this category. It is possible, perhaps even likely, that the estimate of 1500 mature individuals is too high and the species qualifies for Vulnerable in Category D1, but unfortunately there is no evidence to support this, and there are insufficient data to do the quantitative analysis required to qualify for Category E.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6DD2450D1B1A4F9911312DEE670468B" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
While the size and rate are unknown, the
<normalizedToken id="E480131552D1638BA9717385407B1BA7" originalValue="species’">species'</normalizedToken>
population size is inferred to be declining due to apparent ongoing infrequent recruitment and establishment of new plants, and habitat degradation at some localities. With an estimated population size of &lt;2500 individuals and &lt;250 mature individuals in each sub-population, the species should be classified as Endangered (EN) C2a(i). There is a need to survey the subpopulations more fully to get a better understanding of threats and population size and trends.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AFB4D1E4699D8841016184EACAA0D948" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B745D17872AAA7255349E6974427A87D" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Additional material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E7F05612B3E627CFE800F3E16843F5DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<materialsCitation id="FFC489A097163E56ADA51A126C855269" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4526774301" collectingDate="1961-02-20" collectingDateMax="2014-07-12" collectingDateMin="1961-02-20" collectorName="Wells, Edwards, Van Wyk, Lowrey, Meter" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" location="Mtunzini District" municipality="Ngoye" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">
<collectingCountry id="2BEC6A9B9318B07011D03D882244D0ED" name="South Africa">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
-
<emphasis id="87CD347DF989CEA0B9DC8B226013A02F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<collectingRegion id="C93C9D9F4C039C516C50556E3E61BF5A" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
•
<collectingCounty id="4173860EFF56C3542812330216233264">Zululand</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6F8F30AC2F2FBFF90826D538D708BD0B">Ngoye</collectingMunicipality>
[Ongoye Forest Nature Reserve], [2831DC];
<collectingDate id="92129542CAE1A8FA64FE9028A5DD386D" value="1985-08-18">18 Aug. 1985</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="6193A5074E2289FAB85E510B479BA9B9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Abbott 2682</emphasis>
; PCE, PRU •
<location id="D1B043C5DA0016AE844128BA5CE5ACF9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:D1B043C5DA0016AE844128BA5CE5ACF9" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Mtunzini District" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Mtunzini District</location>
, left hand branch of
<location id="AE19BA85011E2EB68BD24C01C0C23F4D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:AE19BA85011E2EB68BD24C01C0C23F4D" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Ngoya Forest" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Ngoya Forest</location>
Road [Ongoye Forest Nature Reserve], [2831DC];
<collectingDate id="9AA91AED9B7FFE3DD17A68333828B537" value="1961-02-20">20 Feb. 1961</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="A0F6A3FEC7000B5AD0E4E3354F1DCF8A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<collectorName id="FCAB4CA3C317E7AB57F395403E8E0A8B">Wells</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="24944796F9A21D971AE8D75E0C432A06">Edwards</collectorName>
95
</emphasis>
; NU, PRE •
<location id="2322B2C2DDB218F32F3B4843E2C589B0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:2322B2C2DDB218F32F3B4843E2C589B0" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Krantzkloof Nature Reserve" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Krantzkloof Nature Reserve</location>
, (2930DD);
<collectingDate id="3526A7CB906E596FE0B21EFE1CF0709B" value="2014-07-12">12 Jul. 2014</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="26F3D1897A94EA550D8CB8891FA79E08" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Boon 69</emphasis>
; NH •
<location id="0867677751E29204A2CABD619D86634B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:0867677751E29204A2CABD619D86634B" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Krantzkloof Nature Reserve" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Krantzkloof Nature Reserve</location>
, (2930DD);
<collectingDate id="F32E28491A71664BB95A88EE58B07E4C" value="1984-01-29">29 Jan. 1984</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="86A5789E8DD107631429C9EBFDF8FC18" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Jordaan 304</emphasis>
; NH •
<location id="0F4301F05DA42ADA2DC9BF6F08B7A7FD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:0F4301F05DA42ADA2DC9BF6F08B7A7FD" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Kloof Nature Reserve" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Kloof Nature Reserve</location>
[Krantzkloof Nature Reserve],
<location id="6925DFF61372321B672A35B00D52F07D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:6925DFF61372321B672A35B00D52F07D" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Pinetown District" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Pinetown District</location>
, [2930DD];
<collectingDate id="43A1E4759FB97AB046C9FD50E80CA094" value="1966-02-16">16 Feb. 1966</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="7FB2D41F23CF057EF74D40BEA9231BAE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Moll 3021</emphasis>
; NU, PRE • Durban,
<location id="EE982CD4F7636A0AD95DFE0F9F931F93" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:EE982CD4F7636A0AD95DFE0F9F931F93" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Krantzkloof Nature Reserve" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Krantzkloof Nature Reserve</location>
, (2930DD);
<collectingDate id="525D05235BB997CF52675274E810DBAF" value="1988-01-20">20 Jan. 1988</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="B76EC06C6135BAFFBBBFB4437C831BB8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<collectorName id="1A7B406C2FB3DA8F5A28E28A6A941A64">Van Wyk</collectorName>
8243
</emphasis>
; PRU •
<location id="2DF6420D99591FD31760E37DFD740186" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:2DF6420D99591FD31760E37DFD740186" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Krantzkloof Nature Reserve" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Krantzkloof Nature Reserve</location>
, north of
<location id="ED2934119955DA57751918BB527DB065" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:ED2934119955DA57751918BB527DB065" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Kloof Falls Road" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Kloof Falls Road</location>
, (2930DD);
<collectingDate id="57232B8067064EF79CA3F25B8ED990A6" value="1988-01-20">20 Jan. 1988</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="A62CC6F2A3196B462CF5F1ECEEFB6CA3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Williams 158</emphasis>
; NH • Ntimbankulu [Ntimbankulu Nature Reserve], (3030CB);
<collectingDate id="6A954C23C4820B0949AAFF9A240C5857" value="1984-06-21">21 Jun. 1984</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="2A6DD87C7F7774129B5AE810238A35E8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Abbott 2002</emphasis>
; PCE, PRU • Oribi Gorge [Oribi Gorge Nature Reserve], [3030CB];
<collectingDate id="EE750B3B715DEA4D1DEF8BA85D8AC97A" value="1996-09">Sep. 1996</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="F7EA1A5F236ADA9FE77D0DB8E1A6906C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Edwards 1438</emphasis>
; NU •
<location id="860436561B248FF4F57B646F1C027CDF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:860436561B248FF4F57B646F1C027CDF" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Umtamvuna Nature Reserve" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Umtamvuna Nature Reserve</location>
,
<location id="18F12197FCDC23D6991D7E959B3AC0B9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:18F12197FCDC23D6991D7E959B3AC0B9" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Smedmore Forest" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Smedmore Forest</location>
, (3130AA) [3030CC];
<collectingDate id="248255D7F76088F5A6070D56F2B374AC" value="1986-02-22">22 Feb. 1986</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="2496E1B529AACDDECD6F8D57F5F6669D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Abbott 3018</emphasis>
; NH, NU, PRU •
<location id="DE1C5E27E9FAD4CD08324AA18CC03D1D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:DE1C5E27E9FAD4CD08324AA18CC03D1D" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Umtamvuna Nature Reserve" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Umtamvuna Nature Reserve</location>
,
<location id="E156C390A31348C19B139CF63F637C58" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:E156C390A31348C19B139CF63F637C58" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Smedmore Forest" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Smedmore Forest</location>
, (3030CC);
<collectingDate id="BAF22BBED3B97AD7BFE2A091006CB334" value="1986-07-27">27 Jul. 1986</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="6A1D57441220C46BBBEB8BACAE5B3098" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Abbott 3217</emphasis>
; PRU •
<location id="3143A5F68851F92904BC156DFE651BC0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:3143A5F68851F92904BC156DFE651BC0" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Umtamvuna Nature Reserve" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Umtamvuna Nature Reserve</location>
,
<location id="FEA848F5A345F6375B054C1C957EE7C8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:FEA848F5A345F6375B054C1C957EE7C8" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Smedmore Forest" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Smedmore Forest</location>
, (3030CC);
<collectingDate id="15A1217DF1B86A8F91948C2B300409A4" value="1989-04-23">23 Apr. 1989</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="4E8D45D319835616A3191F2CDE548FB7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Abbott 4366</emphasis>
; PRU •
<location id="54D746EB12CA3F92E86018AB7F4B519B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:54D746EB12CA3F92E86018AB7F4B519B" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Umtamvuna Nature Reserve" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Umtamvuna Nature Reserve</location>
,
<location id="F89E2AE6D9EF52C91B731FBF10FCFA9F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:F89E2AE6D9EF52C91B731FBF10FCFA9F" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Smedmore Forest" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Smedmore Forest</location>
, (3030CC);
<collectingDate id="4DD7779869A1F1F482B43C3B57E509EA" value="1992-05-11">11 May 1992</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="4B1443F74E4652150EF4EFA39B350262" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Abbott 5768</emphasis>
; PRU •
<location id="972F82AEA93108EB08D30D6AB075DFD4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:972F82AEA93108EB08D30D6AB075DFD4" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Umtamvuna Nature Reserve" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Umtamvuna Nature Reserve</location>
,
<location id="C2E00DA5477A6DDD4BB1F6A0D41913E9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:C2E00DA5477A6DDD4BB1F6A0D41913E9" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Smedmore Forest" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Smedmore Forest</location>
, (3030CC);
<collectingDate id="5EDD4D2A452F47EBD4EA30B3BEFA88DC" value="2008-07-09">9 Jul. 2008</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="340AC1A1665BDC4491BB00F8A9C78601" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Abbott 8901</emphasis>
; PRU • Umtamvuna-natuurrreservaat [Umtamvuna Nature Reserve], Smedmore-woud [Smedmore Forest], (3030CC);
<collectingDate id="5F711B9C6111F3132A163A7A64E377AE" value="1982-06-10">10 Jun. 1982</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="99C080FB07878D02FAE2DF3369340259" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Abbott s.n.</emphasis>
; PRU •
<location id="47C76462C6A4E55FA2524715360BF471" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:47C76462C6A4E55FA2524715360BF471" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Umtamvuna Nature Reserve" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Umtamvuna Nature Reserve</location>
,
<location id="26898455AD8CB2E46B836410469F5BA4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:26898455AD8CB2E46B836410469F5BA4" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Smedmore Forest" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Smedmore Forest</location>
, (3030CC);
<collectingDate id="78F5181A4F822BD1B1A0895774A7FDB5" value="1983-07-14">14 Jul. 1983</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="95B6A95EEA52A887176F3D3FE163C6CB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Jordaan 264</emphasis>
; NH • Smedmore [Smedmore Forest, Umtamvuna Nature Reserve], [3030CC];
<collectingDate id="F546C5C92B4B18CFB3093C704339552C" value="1982-06-10">10 Jun. 1982</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="7C37F2617DC883D7C0C41B037D253725" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Nicholson 2259</emphasis>
; NU, PRE •
<location id="FFE211D6B7D6D29F2A84C812842C7D7F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:FFE211D6B7D6D29F2A84C812842C7D7F" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Umtamvuna Nature Reserve" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Umtamvuna Nature Reserve</location>
,
<location id="EFB7E260BA0503696F01CE61F094E44C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:EFB7E260BA0503696F01CE61F094E44C" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Smedmore Forest" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Smedmore Forest</location>
, (3030CC);
<collectingDate id="28739B1A309A9A671BFCF22B457FCAF2" value="1994-09-04">4 Sep. 1994</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="368F5C5E789A169DCF31B2CCE2DC0315" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<collectorName id="9B02E2BF9E160DAD26796396FAB9DED2">Van Wyk</collectorName>
BSA 2576
</emphasis>
; PRU •
<location id="C2C177ED9E7EEA77EF22B0CF672A5DC7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:C2C177ED9E7EEA77EF22B0CF672A5DC7" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Umtamvuna Nature Reserve" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Umtamvuna Nature Reserve</location>
,
<location id="161D859D4E9B5AEB49C25D5517C39F7D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:161D859D4E9B5AEB49C25D5517C39F7D" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Smedmore Forest" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Smedmore Forest</location>
, (3030CC);
<collectingDate id="AFC0DBB25F87CA67708FC7B67BB38683" value="1984-10-15">15 Oct. 1984</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="9E3B8AE2125C8A921DDDC11B506BE85B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<collectorName id="9A189DC70C440B140F091E02814D1552">Van Wyk</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="A5D132D8A95547FA07542269973D44E8">Lowrey</collectorName>
6826
</emphasis>
; PRU •
<location id="4C505D37B0E704BDC75DC44DE628F61A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:4C505D37B0E704BDC75DC44DE628F61A" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Umtamvuna Nature Reserve" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Umtamvuna Nature Reserve</location>
, Smedmore [Smedmore Forest], (3030CC);
<collectingDate id="7BA6AFBD623FAF38FC675384EA416CA0" value="1984-10-15">15 Oct. 1984</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="0DD91CDE75DF52492DD5355ED9AB0D50" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<collectorName id="E7B1C179031FEBFFEDFAE026304BD581">Van Wyk</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="C1880B48E8F0840712E7E73BDAD4299B">Lowrey</collectorName>
6827
</emphasis>
; PRU •
<location id="5792441CB41F1F958842137ADF2D78AE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:5792441CB41F1F958842137ADF2D78AE" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Umtamvuna Nature Reserve" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Umtamvuna Nature Reserve</location>
, Smedmore [Smedmore Forest], (3030CC);
<collectingDate id="5EC710B26F12E2556BE76985DA8E845C" value="1984-10-15">15 Oct. 1984</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="80C34DA95BE9F2761E5AFD22EAB07668" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<collectorName id="B769E93B75AF945AD35E227EAEAE96E1">Van Wyk</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="5459D306736220BDE2A86D9CFB45A837">Lowrey</collectorName>
6831
</emphasis>
; PRU • Umtamvuna Gorge,
<location id="255F25BDA4A30F86DF0FFD135F20F637" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:255F25BDA4A30F86DF0FFD135F20F637" country="SOUTH AFRICA" county="Zululand" municipality="Ngoye" name="Umtamvuna Valley" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Umtamvuna Valley</location>
bottom, [3130AA];
<collectingDate id="680E5ACDE4F2139304B2E2F2C83BC396" value="1994-11-10">10 Nov. 1994</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="0682C107A3D8320BA0B966C0798DF6B2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<collectorName id="FBAFE8B4C85E82C21E96AD81E76028F2">Meter</collectorName>
100
</emphasis>
; NU
</materialsCitation>
. -
<materialsCitation id="0149D07267E62324418630695B63E2E3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4526774303" collectingDate="1967-02-13" collectingDateMax="1990-04-07" collectingDateMin="1967-02-13" collectorName="Van Wyk, Dwesa Nature Reserve, S." country="South Africa" county="Mbotyi" location="Mkambati Nature Reserve" municipality="Ntsubane Forest" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
<emphasis id="038F9BD82DE3D6CB46478B986578408F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<collectingRegion id="9941352C0C0789B78A1DB92CD81E5CD5" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
•
<collectingCounty id="E323C00AEA8BB4045EC8D842C4A27FCB">Mbotyi</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="59E67092CA355F462DC6AE86F64376DD">Ntsubane Forest</collectingMunicipality>
, (3129BC);
<collectingDate id="225431D5EF1B63B68D1236D411D20D0C" value="1989-08-21">21 Aug. 1989</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="B51AF22930FF6D2607454D5B9B676919" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Abbott 4416</emphasis>
; PRU •
<location id="3D9DE555232E3ED33DFBA002E8A00DA9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:3D9DE555232E3ED33DFBA002E8A00DA9" country="South Africa" county="Mbotyi" municipality="Ntsubane Forest" name="Mkambati Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Mkambati Nature Reserve</location>
,
<location id="E390109CB5A35BF6EFD691E515F910D4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:E390109CB5A35BF6EFD691E515F910D4" country="South Africa" county="Mbotyi" municipality="Ntsubane Forest" name="Daza Riverine Forest" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Daza Riverine Forest</location>
, (3129BD);
<collectingDate id="F05EEEEC92E88A4092186BBFBDFA7783" value="1984-11-11">11 Nov. 1984</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="B1B922B7C4B7DB7629D0B4FABA9745F7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Jordaan 329</emphasis>
; NH •
<location id="35A701B5B3F938F82037AE09D0C5C465" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:35A701B5B3F938F82037AE09D0C5C465" country="South Africa" county="Mbotyi" municipality="Ntsubane Forest" name="Mkambati Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Mkambati Nature Reserve</location>
, (3129BD);
<collectingDate id="200CFC7529209B8A248FCE64E893AACE" value="1986-12-11">11 Dec. 1986</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="AD47EF2C5D63AA04C024ED351D8F8A8F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Jordaan 1016</emphasis>
; NH • Lwandile north of
<location id="B8AFE1064B30462CFB69453BB769B5AA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:B8AFE1064B30462CFB69453BB769B5AA" country="South Africa" county="Mbotyi" municipality="Ntsubane Forest" name="Umtata River" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Umtata River</location>
mouth,
<location id="AF9A46BAFC21FAD5C4E4B611A774CBCE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:AF9A46BAFC21FAD5C4E4B611A774CBCE" country="South Africa" county="Mbotyi" municipality="Ntsubane Forest" name="Nkwintyini Forest" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Nkwintyini Forest</location>
, (3129CC/DD) [3129CC];
<collectingDate id="FBF45C696A2A0D855500E3D8B55D3C8F" value="1990-04-07">7 Apr. 1990</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="9A4DFFA18794FA5ECDC0A5E45E8E6ED9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Cooper 253</emphasis>
; NH, PRE •
<location id="5C4FBC678BCEAE574F52FA205C8853CE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:5C4FBC678BCEAE574F52FA205C8853CE" country="South Africa" county="Mbotyi" municipality="Ntsubane Forest" name="Upper Bulawa Forest" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Upper Bulawa Forest</location>
near Mpande, (3129CD);
<emphasis id="5FBE072F45A921E6C34B686FA87BF752" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Cooper 262</emphasis>
; NH •
<location id="D2D0396E7F427F5958782EA6B950C9EE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:D2D0396E7F427F5958782EA6B950C9EE" country="South Africa" county="Mbotyi" municipality="Ntsubane Forest" name="Port St Johns" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Port St Johns</location>
,
<location id="FFCBC10FBDBDDFB2AD00F9028319BFDF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:FFCBC10FBDBDDFB2AD00F9028319BFDF" country="South Africa" county="Mbotyi" municipality="Ntsubane Forest" name="Mount Sullivan" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Mount Sullivan</location>
, (3129BC) [3129DA];
<collectingDate id="16E21489E3014ABFAF6D41CFF8117C12" value="1988-10-02">2 Oct. 1988</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="BDE5EE9A10D8BCAA6943491F67C6AAB1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Abbott 4153</emphasis>
; PCE, PRU •
<location id="67E2F85F1233BD55E0450A881AF5741F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:67E2F85F1233BD55E0450A881AF5741F" country="South Africa" county="Mbotyi" municipality="Ntsubane Forest" name="Mount Sullivan" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Mount Sullivan</location>
,
<location id="C1329193DB4BB99D84954298797E7C6A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:C1329193DB4BB99D84954298797E7C6A" country="South Africa" county="Mbotyi" municipality="Ntsubane Forest" name="Nenga Forest" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Nenga Forest</location>
, (3129DA);
<collectingDate id="48DD6350DED8BC80B78B52281C050997" value="1989-01-11">11 Jan. 1989</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="A9C2415FA528D6EA81BF6C2938CF9F7C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Abbott 4206</emphasis>
; PCE, PRU •
<location id="DCF2C96947747199289900F5649D4A2A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:DCF2C96947747199289900F5649D4A2A" country="South Africa" county="Mbotyi" municipality="Ntsubane Forest" name="Port St. Johns" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Port St. Johns</location>
,
<location id="632FEA8700B4834CEEC825CC80ED4D3C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:632FEA8700B4834CEEC825CC80ED4D3C" country="South Africa" county="Mbotyi" municipality="Ntsubane Forest" name="Silaka Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Silaka Nature Reserve</location>
, (3129DA);
<collectingDate id="59BA6FA78FB6B61CEE918A7737C2EAE0" value="1988-08-04">4 Aug. 1988</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="5A4798A96E227CD561F208A743B95091" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<collectorName id="ED0490458D6746451D7D5F717C86AC23">Van Wyk</collectorName>
8407
</emphasis>
; PRU •
<location id="A6F3DA292A44BCF25C1DFFED82A30E89" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:A6F3DA292A44BCF25C1DFFED82A30E89" country="South Africa" county="Mbotyi" municipality="Ntsubane Forest" name="Port St. Johns" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Port St. Johns</location>
,
<location id="55701871082DBCC8FB8005175C05C942" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:55701871082DBCC8FB8005175C05C942" country="South Africa" county="Mbotyi" municipality="Ntsubane Forest" name="Mtambala Forest Station" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Mtambala Forest Station</location>
, (3129DA);
<collectingDate id="215A9C9F869414D83BE44B73A3338BF4" value="1988-08-05">5 Aug. 1988</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="7F23E704A0329969841CEEE58FD5953C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<collectorName id="0696FF85E300C3AEC4CB10717DE23DCB">Van Wyk</collectorName>
8429
</emphasis>
; PRU • The Haven [The Haven Hotel],
<location id="F6EF5E2C975F38EDAB78A36AD9EBCEB1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:F6EF5E2C975F38EDAB78A36AD9EBCEB1" country="South Africa" county="Mbotyi" municipality="Ntsubane Forest" name="Elliotdale District" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Elliotdale District</location>
, [3228BB];
<collectingDate id="FA12C9C359AAB8F5AA496F7CD93D404B" value="1967-02-13">13 Feb. 1967</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="9D0B56D1C90A8E8C9B1E1AA73AF46E82" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Gordon-Gray 1347</emphasis>
; NU • Transkei,
<collectorName id="89130AEAC737E31C009976DF3BE6C0C2">
<location id="249818EFC3113043DC3FC651A8C75E04" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:249818EFC3113043DC3FC651A8C75E04" country="South Africa" county="Mbotyi" municipality="Ntsubane Forest" name="Dwesa Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Dwesa Nature Reserve</location>
, S.
</collectorName>
of
<location id="FA5F75CDC255667FAC36CC863F318E75" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:FA5F75CDC255667FAC36CC863F318E75" country="South Africa" county="Mbotyi" municipality="Ntsubane Forest" name="Mendu River" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
Mendu
<location id="A8AD72137F2CC6C3B14BA7F6A4F977B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3AEF152FC0745F4F90B104591C87D60C:A8AD72137F2CC6C3B14BA7F6A4F977B2" country="South Africa" county="Mbotyi" municipality="Ntsubane Forest" name="River Mouth" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">River Mouth</location>
</location>
, (3228BD);
<collectingDate id="BDEA8FC3AE0B35C04B4F8A98E80165E2" value="1988-08-01">1 Aug. 1988</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis id="57C4E4BDE77859A400E7855CEB55189E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<collectorName id="1D7C88C9B691997255F2B3A28039E97C">Van Wyk</collectorName>
8334
</emphasis>
; PRU
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8641FED4E979696E71623F624504F4F7" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" type="notes">
<paragraph id="49A937F1C59582C5E3A1D2C2A5D26DED" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="041C8E9642A93395FB741518ED45EB5B" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
In nature, sterile, fresh material of
<taxonomicName id="90A4CB457BC348F8694166D849961AAD" authorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Marijordaania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Marijordaania filiformis" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="F87EDD78E7C45C3AFD9AD983A0294BA6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Marijordaania filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can potentially be confused primarily with
<taxonomicName id="412F91288B6510A94442A87AB7D8F235" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus cordata" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cordata">
<emphasis id="DBF318613467276DEB06686ABB33160C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus cordata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="2B6B0971A3638D54AF1F4E24E01C174B" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Maytenus cordata. A. Flowering branchlet; note cordate leaf bases and flowers with relatively short pedicels. B. Branchlet with mature, dehisced fruit, showing seed with orange-yellow aril; insert shows a dehisced capsule with seeds completely enclosed by an orange aril. Upper right hand leaf blade broken in half and gently pulled apart to show the presence of silvery elastic threads of gutta-percha. C. Inflorescences with flowers, borne on relatively short, erect or spreading pedicels. Photographs by Richard Boon." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.116544.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/990555" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">4</figureCitation>
). The previous association of the former with
<taxonomicName id="3A2B5A9EA985E9D7B7CDC2E7B89D42DA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus acuminata" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acuminata">
<emphasis id="9BAC037CF60885FAEA65B2CFF697A569" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus acuminata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E3BCF1BF5BC9DAECA9184E77EEA94218" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus abbottii" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="abbottii">
<emphasis id="079DC7DE4C969780E1CFAEDE272123F4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus abbottii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was not because of morphological similarities, but due to the broad species concept adopted for
<taxonomicName id="CFE0EA84A45599CB25E294C015EEE120" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus acuminata" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acuminata">
<emphasis id="38F37653383D2AC8D09B3299986DB4CC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus acuminata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="59BC46118871DF2E4FA9B048733CCCAF" author="Marais, W" journalOrPublisher="Bothalia" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" pagination="381 - 386" refId="B19" refString="Marais, W, 1960. An enumeration of the Maytenus species of southern Africa. Bothalia 7: 381 - 386" title="An enumeration of the Maytenus species of southern Africa." volume="7" year="1960">Marais (1960)</bibRefCitation>
. Selected morphological features to distinguish among
<taxonomicName id="741A4510E86E5E70F2A9363EB4856AAC" authorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Marijordaania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Marijordaania filiformis" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="52006D23275E92DDE8DD7C1DBB62D628" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Marijordaania filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="8E4011E705815566EF4AE1896BAD969B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus acuminata" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acuminata">
<emphasis id="36282B4AF98AAF75B3F0C14AF814114E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus acuminata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="336C33010B9D9FC70E6FA102D078234C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus cordata" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cordata">
<emphasis id="F0FE3628BE3283E64D48E40FF1927251" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus cordata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="D0E1E629B16C95EE1B56FB2AA36061E1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus abbottii" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="abbottii">
<emphasis id="B0B0A1730EA292A46D70B0E63348E348" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus abbottii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are provided in Table
<tableCitation id="CEE77378AA5F24571E59E7AD60E35861" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Prominent morphological differences between Marijordaania filiformis and the three species of Maytenus with which it has been confused in the past. The true generic status of these three African species of Maytenus still needs to be assessed." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/79E7245CD9568CE72214980F22D40865" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" tableUuid="79E7245CD9568CE72214980F22D40865">1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="C7D9664DEACE8ECFDBA9E76A31B9D5F1" doi="10.5091/plecevo.116544.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/990555" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="D204D6C6A64836BD3B177B166EA0B448" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
<emphasis id="E97A515C58F1CFEBBD5D090781A6D1AD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9F8AB22931BDDDF36CF4FF565BD70F31" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus cordata" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cordata">
<emphasis id="23B96220F06534F90B757F48C1B53495" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus cordata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="B99EDCFC216DF5F142C5064F2512936A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">A</emphasis>
. Flowering branchlet; note cordate leaf bases and flowers with relatively short pedicels.
<emphasis id="1FADA8D5BC0B2F8B9BA9C5DE82A8010E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">B</emphasis>
. Branchlet with mature, dehisced fruit, showing seed with orange-yellow aril; insert shows a dehisced capsule with seeds completely enclosed by an orange aril. Upper right hand leaf blade broken in half and gently pulled apart to show the presence of silvery elastic threads of gutta-percha.
<emphasis id="A27C3CC7FF3BD6C840A48B4AC1898D3B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">C</emphasis>
. Inflorescences with flowers, borne on relatively short, erect or spreading pedicels. Photographs by Richard Boon.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="FD338D0874FF1629B45DF0D15FD92F6D" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
A particularly reliable field character for the identification of some southern African members of the
<taxonomicName id="625BE451EB2C6528E6EAA0B89FB7F7A3" authorityName="van Wyk &amp; Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="van Wyk &amp; Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Celastraceae</taxonomicName>
is to test for the presence of elastic (rubbery) threads associated with the phloem tissue of, among others, the leaf venation and bark (
<bibRefCitation id="2793D0488773E31C1B8494ECAC597877" author="Van Wyk, B [AE]" journalOrPublisher="South African Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" refId="B35" refString="Van Wyk, B [AE], Van Wyk, P, 2019. How to Identify Trees in Southern Africa, 2nd edition. Struik Nature, Cape Town, 1-188." title="How to Identify Trees in Southern Africa, 2 nd edition. Struik Nature, Cape Town, 1 - 188." year="2019">Van Wyk and Van Wyk 2019</bibRefCitation>
). These threads are composed of gutta-percha (trans-1,4-polyisoprene) and are found in several members of the
<taxonomicName id="B98DBE34ED9C7B4F5D1FEE749382502F" authorityName="van Wyk &amp; Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="van Wyk &amp; Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Celastraceae</taxonomicName>
(e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="CC6EBCCFA3B6C20492EB6117A894B0F8" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-6299(16)31467-3" author="Drennan, PM" journalOrPublisher="Bothalia" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" refId="B7" refString="Drennan, PM, Drewes, SE, Van Staden, J, MacRae, S, Dickens, CWS, 1987. An anatomical, phytochemical and ultrastructural characterization of the elastic threads of Maytenus acuminata. South African Journal of Botany 53: 17-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-6299(16)31467-3" title="An anatomical, phytochemical and ultrastructural characterization of the elastic threads of Maytenus acuminata. South African Journal of Botany 53: 17 - 24." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-6299(16)31467-3" year="1987">Drennan et al. 1987</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="89EEF558701186BFB4F9BBAF507B4422" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07257-8" author="Simmons, MP" editor="Kubitzki, K" journalOrPublisher="VI Dicotyledons: Celastrales, Oxalidales, Rosales, Cornales, Ericales. Springer, Heidelberg" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" pagination="29 - 64" refId="B26" refString="Simmons, MP, 2004. Celastraceae. In: Kubitzki, K, Ed., The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. VI Dicotyledons: Celastrales, Oxalidales, Rosales, Cornales, Ericales. Springer, Heidelberg: 29 - 64, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07257-8" title="Celastraceae." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07257-8" volumeTitle="The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants." year="2004">Simmons 2004</bibRefCitation>
). For this test, crease a fresh leaf blade transversely and slowly, very gently pull it apart along the crease for about 2 mm. If gutta-percha is present, silvery elastic threads will connect the two halves of the blade (Fig.
<figureCitation id="B2035E711E8A1701A361A7C090974606" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Maytenus cordata. A. Flowering branchlet; note cordate leaf bases and flowers with relatively short pedicels. B. Branchlet with mature, dehisced fruit, showing seed with orange-yellow aril; insert shows a dehisced capsule with seeds completely enclosed by an orange aril. Upper right hand leaf blade broken in half and gently pulled apart to show the presence of silvery elastic threads of gutta-percha. C. Inflorescences with flowers, borne on relatively short, erect or spreading pedicels. Photographs by Richard Boon." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.116544.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/990555" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">4B</figureCitation>
). Elastic threads are absent in
<taxonomicName id="C8D54CB9FFA6E02454414FE9DEC6116B" authorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Marijordaania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Marijordaania filiformis" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="BCC11226631E62322AD2C74FE81FBB02" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Marijordaania filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but are always present in
<taxonomicName id="9ECC5AB9C793ACD61DA4F81AA904FE8F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus cordata" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cordata">
<emphasis id="810FD20270FC605DE7A30734C0D0CE89" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus cordata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="CE0FA1A5E1DC3E7B4A0DFE53EB8D9F35" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus acuminata" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acuminata">
<emphasis id="CE689A1FEC6EAEAC4689083B306D70AA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus acuminata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="EA07D840A59ED0C76CDB2F1D3D71C6C8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus abbottii" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="abbottii">
<emphasis id="D856DED2C7F50328335C2D226A74345E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus abbottii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C64805BA39F23FDA00240FF25167539" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
The long, pendant, filiform pedicels of
<taxonomicName id="4E00D7F31D8F73DD795DFBC22B970889" authorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Marijordaania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Marijordaania filiformis" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="A100AD88C23823205A26B5CC86349F48" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Marijordaania filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are usually 35-40 mm long, whereas in the other species they are mostly shorter than 10 mm during flowering. The pedicels may elongate when in fruit, but never match the length of those in
<taxonomicName id="5DBA304802B409B5B50A347298A8354D" lsidName="M. filiformis" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="445BB1FA0FCC0BF5C016106D146FD844" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">M. filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="E1B84AA7EDC8615B6DDE7F102469AC45" authorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Marijordaania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Marijordaania filiformis" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="51BBADE1C8C2C118D12C40AAAD73DAD5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Marijordaania filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has pink-red petals with white margins (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7D40E4A0AC4855197F9EB9B715EC8294" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Marijordaania filiformis. A. Flowering branchlet, viewed from below; note distichous arrangement of leaves. B. Branchlet showing flowers borne on long, slender, and pendant pedicels; also present is a young developing fruit. C. Flowers; note each stamen inserted on a swollen discoid subunit of the disc. D. Flower viewed obliquely from the side. E. Flower, viewed from below. F. Fruit, intact and almost mature. G. Fruit, dehisced, showing a dark-coloured seed partly covered by a white aril. Photographs A-C by Sharon Louw; D-G by Richard Boon." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.116544.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/990553" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">2A-E</figureCitation>
), as opposed to pale green petals in
<taxonomicName id="D86911DDC96C6E73A6D1A75717F7A82C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus cordata" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cordata">
<emphasis id="121AEB71490E4DC8EAEC4D7577140C9B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus cordata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="629E1A82A15B9CEED4021D30D82C6139" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Maytenus cordata. A. Flowering branchlet; note cordate leaf bases and flowers with relatively short pedicels. B. Branchlet with mature, dehisced fruit, showing seed with orange-yellow aril; insert shows a dehisced capsule with seeds completely enclosed by an orange aril. Upper right hand leaf blade broken in half and gently pulled apart to show the presence of silvery elastic threads of gutta-percha. C. Inflorescences with flowers, borne on relatively short, erect or spreading pedicels. Photographs by Richard Boon." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.116544.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/990555" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">4A, C</figureCitation>
), white or cream petals in
<taxonomicName id="B286A97E4589DF02017438D705628D19" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus abbottii" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="abbottii">
<emphasis id="90AC2681BAC0BF42049DD9FB9C1D9E12" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus abbottii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(occasionally with a pale pink tinge), and cream or white petals which may exhibit pink tinges in
<taxonomicName id="CE088061336FA1732CA66C7DF329D254" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus acuminata" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acuminata">
<emphasis id="741524962FEC6D71C515246AB68822AC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus acuminata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In
<taxonomicName id="D381F530C86D8590B651A43F06A80E26" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus cordata" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cordata">
<emphasis id="9F20A4E3978BC77C2CEC087D2B87C241" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus cordata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="C26D95077620A2321B4FA9E77D700341" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus acuminata" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acuminata">
<emphasis id="36FEA6F3ABA4649155D55315A6FD91DD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus acuminata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the filaments are flattened and inserted under the margin of the disc. In
<taxonomicName id="93C62F457BFC8D405428518EAB3B707B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus abbottii" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="abbottii">
<emphasis id="A94E9BDF85B3756D7753C982CE8273CE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus abbottii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the filaments are flattened and united at the base, forming a short, cup-shaped staminal tube. Additionally, the filaments are incurved apically and the anthers are directed downwards. In
<taxonomicName id="DEF87C9D029642C69727474D47470F91" lsidName="M. filiformis" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="ACC99E14DBA78A310092D3EF0C832121" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">M. filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the filaments are straight, terete, and inserted into the centre of the discoid lobes (Figs
<figureCitation id="82FA5624E5E74D3F0333A4CC94687816" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Marijordaania filiformis. A. Flowering branchlet. B. Inflorescence, showing short peduncle with bracts and a single flower in bud (just before anthesis). C. Flower, viewed from above. D. Flower, viewed from below. E. Transverse section of ovary, showing five locules, each with two ovules. F. Single stamen, inserted on swollen, discoid, lobe of disc. G. Selection of almost mature, intact fruit, plus one old, dehisced and empty one; shape varies depending on the number of ovules that develops into seed. H. Seeds, three with the aril intact, one with aril removed. Scale bars: A, G = 20 mm; B-D, H = 5 mm; E, F = 1 mm. A based on Jordaan 394 (NH), B-F from Abbott 1798 (PRU; spirit collection), and G-H from Abbott 6082 (PRU; spirit collection). Drawn by Daleen Roodt." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.116544.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/990552" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">1C, F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DFD0131EFFDFA10F8B6AF9E512BC78D9" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Marijordaania filiformis. A. Flowering branchlet, viewed from below; note distichous arrangement of leaves. B. Branchlet showing flowers borne on long, slender, and pendant pedicels; also present is a young developing fruit. C. Flowers; note each stamen inserted on a swollen discoid subunit of the disc. D. Flower viewed obliquely from the side. E. Flower, viewed from below. F. Fruit, intact and almost mature. G. Fruit, dehisced, showing a dark-coloured seed partly covered by a white aril. Photographs A-C by Sharon Louw; D-G by Richard Boon." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.116544.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/990553" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">2C, D</figureCitation>
), with the anthers directed upwards. In
<taxonomicName id="186799B601DD90490CF75B32D5A743CE" lsidName="M. filiformis" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="F92BF28D21FA9E9F2E960B6CA8C451BE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">M. filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the aril is white (Fig.
<figureCitation id="B5F27F984CB3E5F1AF4234398358FF0D" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Marijordaania filiformis. A. Flowering branchlet, viewed from below; note distichous arrangement of leaves. B. Branchlet showing flowers borne on long, slender, and pendant pedicels; also present is a young developing fruit. C. Flowers; note each stamen inserted on a swollen discoid subunit of the disc. D. Flower viewed obliquely from the side. E. Flower, viewed from below. F. Fruit, intact and almost mature. G. Fruit, dehisced, showing a dark-coloured seed partly covered by a white aril. Photographs A-C by Sharon Louw; D-G by Richard Boon." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.116544.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/990553" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">2G</figureCitation>
), puberulent at the base only, and encloses most of the seed.
<taxonomicName id="B4D6687B883E1F249F5EAE6AE41F0FCF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus abbottii" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="abbottii">
<emphasis id="040D776B90CAEB0D453A7562DDD6682F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus abbottii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a white, puberulent aril, which envelopes only the basal portion of the seed with long, free lobes that exceed the length of the seed. The aril in
<taxonomicName id="26E05BA57183FDADB7E0781B42CC4F6C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus acuminata" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acuminata">
<emphasis id="0FDCCDAF44E9108BC2740E0F602833DC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus acuminata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E2BFBB041C7452985458E3F4B056B650" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus cordata" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cordata">
<emphasis id="413FA9D229708E68CB473EEBDEA924D6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus cordata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is orange and completely surrounds the seed (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D526418CB97D1EDB1B55B33087681263" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Maytenus cordata. A. Flowering branchlet; note cordate leaf bases and flowers with relatively short pedicels. B. Branchlet with mature, dehisced fruit, showing seed with orange-yellow aril; insert shows a dehisced capsule with seeds completely enclosed by an orange aril. Upper right hand leaf blade broken in half and gently pulled apart to show the presence of silvery elastic threads of gutta-percha. C. Inflorescences with flowers, borne on relatively short, erect or spreading pedicels. Photographs by Richard Boon." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.116544.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/990555" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">4B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9C7504A5E2E4BD5108077DF155FCE4EE" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
Additional differences include
<taxonomicName id="B9A021D263A9B31A3175FAC41ED6F7F8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus abbottii" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="abbottii">
<emphasis id="28589F1BE915EC283B792F1CD7B1026B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus abbottii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
having tetramerous flowers, while the other species have pentamerous flowers.
<taxonomicName id="D1E8207C82142BB29955806617DB4522" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus acuminata" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acuminata">
<emphasis id="B1E290D0FC90B9BA19E704BD4328DBC6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus acuminata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
reaches tree proportions and often grows in exposed positions such as forest margins and around rock outcrops. On the other hand, the other species are slender shrubs to small trees, predominantly occupying forest interior habitats, often in deep shade.
<taxonomicName id="26FE9FCDF9958D846FE661075AA9DEEE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus cordata" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cordata">
<emphasis id="13FE596B7E62F5880674B284D5CA95D6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus cordata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a more erect plant with glossier leaves, and its new growth is green, in contrast to the bronze to reddish green new growth observed in
<taxonomicName id="6F0CC3DEDAE33EC955EAFCC6E796FDF6" lsidName="M. filiformis" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="FB9DE34320BCDB7E55635455BDD01BFF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">M. filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7C9493653E7E97AFF46AA1B131CFFAC7" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
Unlike the situation in nature, dried material of
<taxonomicName id="77850CDB8E919FEABABD430FC6791B78" authorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Marijordaania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Marijordaania filiformis" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="DD03C8C7C71B0273C54966D7A21192EC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Marijordaania filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can easily be confused with that of
<taxonomicName id="5F44DD1FBB698AB4F98D92EF1383F7E5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus cordata" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cordata">
<emphasis id="BCD56FEDF447AF83FE5A1D6BDB4BD99D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus cordata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in herbaria, especially those forms of the latter with shortly petiolate leaves and a rounded or cuneate lamina base. Unfortunately, testing for elastic threads in herbarium material is unreliable, and especially in older material the threads may no longer be detectable. As explained earlier,
<bibRefCitation id="109CDA489ADE9D67063FFE9AD5CFF0E6" author="Davison, JD" journalOrPublisher="Bothalia" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" pagination="289 - 346" refId="B6" refString="Davison, JD, 1927. Celastraceae R. Br. Bothalia 2: 289 - 346" title="Celastraceae R. Br." volume="2" year="1927">Davison (1927)</bibRefCitation>
confused these two species, despite the herbarium material being in flower. One of us (AEvW) has also erroneously cited as a voucher for
<taxonomicName id="552F1478BC752AA7EBA595663E7B6056" authorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Marijordaania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Marijordaania filiformis" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="65F87BC7009CB458FB7E9AFAE1926BF1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Marijordaania filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
p.p. a specimen of
<taxonomicName id="1950D9AC1D788322771699712C193F7E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus cordata" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cordata">
<emphasis id="F4BB453B9BD091598CE34474EE8C2112" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus cordata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B72E3A25D26213356830299BA74DC70A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Wood 11608</emphasis>
in NH) (
<bibRefCitation id="35D6AE3E1B4B18A7CCEC7019979559C5" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4618(16)30065-1" author="Van Wyk, AE" journalOrPublisher="South African Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" pagination="115 - 119" refId="B33" refString="Van Wyk, AE, 1984. A new species of Maytenus (Celastraceae) from southern Natal. South African Journal of Botany 3: 115 - 119, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4618(16)30065-1" title="A new species of Maytenus (Celastraceae) from southern Natal." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4618(16)30065-1" volume="3" year="1984">Van Wyk 1984</bibRefCitation>
). Probably the most reliable character in the case of herbarium specimens with flowers is to dissect an ovary and confirm the number of locules; five in
<taxonomicName id="86A1640D37E88C086A73B08C1390A067" authorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Marijordaania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Marijordaania filiformis" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="03A7FDB43434D8F59A1D963C8CD722AC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Marijordaania filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, three in
<taxonomicName id="B0CB4CA51A2A583EBD903B3AFF6BCB28" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus cordata" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cordata">
<emphasis id="5683B449242588011859837F5507C44B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus cordata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="080F61ACDAAE7CDE577694487F5E0D7C" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">
In herbaria,
<taxonomicName id="0322EA9440D42364D2789DF4FAA15DC5" authorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="A. E. van Wyk &amp; R. G. C. Boon" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Marijordaania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Marijordaania filiformis" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="C9FFDD1D635AEF09EBF00F923318D3F9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Marijordaania filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can, in addition to the difference in the number of locules, also be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="5BACCD1D2EA10D894D0C4FE89A071784" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maytenus cordata" order="Celastrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cordata">
<emphasis id="368733F84E2C25C02C0FBA4BDDABBB9D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="100">Maytenus cordata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its flowers being larger, ca 10 mm in diam. [vs smaller, ca 6 mm], cymes 1- or 2(3)-flowered [vs more floriferous, usually 6-8-flowered, these opening successively over time], pedicels (20-)35-40(-45) mm long, pendant [vs 4-10(-20) mm, erect or spreading], and articulated ca 0.5 mm above the base [vs (1.5) 2.0-4.0(-8) mm]. The part of the pedicel below the articulation is persistent, hence providing a useful taxonomic character for distinguishing between the two species, especially in herbarium specimens of which the open flowers have already been shed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>
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