158 lines
18 KiB
XML
158 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="3AF4C6E23DABD355D366D52430348B0E" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3636.2.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5f0653f2-d47e-439c-93c8-95b9c1a0d3fe" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="220382" ID-ZooBank="0B11BEDD-6263-42F7-BB14-4D2B830B416B" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460588961056" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Drohojowska, Jowita & Szwedo, Jacek" docDate="2013" docId="03B74A5F7049FFF15FE9FC463FB1FEE3" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03636p347.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3636 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Aleurodicinae" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="340" masterDocId="FF8E3227705BFFE45F7EFF9D3D48FFD9" masterDocTitle="The first Aleyrodidae from the Lowermost Eocene Oise amber (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha)" masterLastPageNumber="347" masterPageNumber="319" pageNumber="337" updateTime="1698325596657" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E9334E6402F54D0AA744921907AE1999">
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<mods:title id="A8F8768C808DFF89FC260E2B87115A20">The first Aleyrodidae from the Lowermost Eocene Oise amber (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="7AB18B96EA9D38881D4C92C8C6956062" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F81BB85864CF2BD8FD0BE3E52D430493">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="48C36F4A308DE6F7625744F3564479A5">Drohojowska, Jowita</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="05374252F5E7E35A65BD9169C931884A" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="CB34EA3D79B4EC2B1ADA67D0E5441E15">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="BD909E471A19835C99DF8FC1EC08A675">Szwedo, Jacek</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="58D4867002B5ED674FBBC8DE6148A5A5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A7B83F56B8949D52DD14D84867CA6996">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="23696F3B66AD4F881CE1A9AE28423E45">
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<mods:date id="D579383519659EFE2013F0F83D57DC83">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="346D986370D8A1173B69DBE7D80967FA">3636</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="BA928D296F3CAC5AF72446E84F5D9C46">2</mods:number>
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<mods:end id="01F9FEBE01B06A6914DF8E957F7016EC">347</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="A91A3E47BFE16CB4B79695BAF224EF86">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="23B549EAC1397E2EE7F925F8431C5C4C" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3636.2.5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="77B745B6EDBAAEC30CA9112E5A05F82C" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="68D1D8DCFB6A0372AC5A25495732EC30" type="Zenodo-Dep">220382</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="09E50F88122446CA9B7A735E40DB2D01" type="ZooBank">0B11BEDD-6263-42F7-BB14-4D2B830B416B</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B74A5F7049FFF15FE9FC463FB1FEE3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5537187" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119565535" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5537187" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B74A5F7049FFF15FE9FC463FB1FEE3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B74A5F7049FFF15FE9FC463FB1FEE3" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="340" pageId="18" pageNumber="337">
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<subSubSection id="C304A8C27049FFF65FE9FC463C03FBCF" pageId="18" pageNumber="337" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA1FB497049FFF65FE9FC463FA4FC2C" blockId="18.[151,748,987,1046]" box="[151,748,987,1013]" pageId="18" pageNumber="337">
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<heading id="D0E94C257049FFF65FE9FC463FA4FC2C" bold="true" box="[151,748,987,1013]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="337" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B96A275B7049FFF65FE9FC463FA4FC2C" bold="true" box="[151,748,987,1013]" pageId="18" pageNumber="337">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E80CA7049FFF65FE9FC463C0EFC2C" box="[151,326,987,1013]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aleurodicinae">Aleurodicinae</taxonomicName>
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indet. (male; specimen PA 17081)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1FB497049FFF65FE9FC633C03FBCF" blockId="18.[151,748,987,1046]" box="[151,331,1022,1046]" pageId="18" pageNumber="337">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1325E7CC7049FFF65FE0FC633C0AFBCF" box="[158,322,1022,1046]" captionStart="FIGURES 73 – 77" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1974,1997]" captionTargetBox="[161,1415,185,1950]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,175,1953]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 73 – 77. Aleurodicinae male; specimen PA 17081. 73 — body, dorsal view; 74 — antenna; 75 — hind tibia and tarsus; 76 — fore wing; 77 — hind wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/220395/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="337">Figures 73–77</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C304A8C27049FFF65FE9FBD939A6F949" pageId="18" pageNumber="337" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA1FB497049FFF65FE9FBD939A6F949" blockId="18.[151,1437,1092,2032]" pageId="18" pageNumber="337">
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<emphasis id="B96A275B7049FFF65FE9FBD93C61FB84" bold="true" box="[151,297,1092,1117]" pageId="18" pageNumber="337">Description.</emphasis>
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Measurements given in
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<tableCitation id="C69CCEF27049FFF65D44FBD83FC6FB84" box="[570,654,1093,1117]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetBox="[170,1413,207,1972]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="TABLE 1. Basic measurements of the specimens (in mm)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF61ABC1705FFFE05FE9FF0A3E41FF76" pageId="18" pageNumber="337" tableUuid="DF61ABC1705FFFE05FE9FF0A3E41FF76">Table 1</tableCitation>
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. Compound eyes elongately drop-shaped; ommatidia differentiated in size. Lateral ocelli distinct, placed at anterolateral angles of head, distinctly in front of compound eyes. Pronotum arcuate in median portion, with posterior margin subparallel; median portion of pronotum not longer than sublateral portions. Fore wing 2.5× as long as wide, postclaval portion of fore wing of similar width to apical margin of fore wing. Entire margin covered with minute tubercles lacking setae. Costal margin slightly curved, anteroapical angle arcuate, apex widely arcuate, posteroapical angle widely rounded. Stem Sc+R+CuA short, stems Sc+R and CuA diverging at acute angle. Stem Sc+R forked at half of fore wing length, branch R1 not reaching margin, branch Rs curved to the forewing margin in apical portion, not reaching margin; branch CuA arcuate in apical half, reaching margin. Clavus distinct, with its apex at about 0.6 of fore wing length; postclaval margin straight.
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<collectingCountry id="F309BBD97049FFF65F85FA1C3C7BFA40" box="[251,307,1409,1433]" name="India" pageId="18" pageNumber="337">Hind</collectingCountry>
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wing about 2.6× as long as wide, wider in apical half; entire margin covered with asetose minute tubercles; costal margin arcuate, anteroapical angle widely angulate, apical margin rounded, posteroapical angle widely rounded. Stem Sc+R forked apicad of half of hind wing length, branch R1 not reaching anterior margin, branch Rs arcuate, not reaching anterior margin, with apical portion more curved. Vein CuA reduced.
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<collectingCountry id="F309BBD97049FFF65A57FA763829F9DA" box="[1321,1377,1515,1539]" name="India" pageId="18" pageNumber="337">Hind</collectingCountry>
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tibia with a few setae in apical portion. Segment IX (pygofer) slightly wider at base than long along the mid line. Aedeagus rod-like, with slightly bulbous base, with apex reaching half of length of claspers. Claspers placed laterally, elongate, slightly widened at base; claspers crossed at apex; their lateral margins arcuate, with distinct mediad triangular teeth basally of half of their length; apical portions tapering, with apices pointed.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C304A8C27049FFF15FB9F90139D4FECE" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="340" pageId="18" pageNumber="337" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BA1FB497049FFF65FB9F9013F79F829" blockId="18.[151,1437,1092,2032]" pageId="18" pageNumber="337">
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<emphasis id="B96A275B7049FFF65FB9F9013C73F96D" bold="true" box="[199,315,1692,1716]" pageId="18" pageNumber="337">Remarks.</emphasis>
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The fossil described above clearly represents a taxon separate from the other known recent and fossil
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E80CA7049FFF65FA4F9233C34F90F" box="[218,380,1726,1750]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aleurodicinae">Aleurodicinae</taxonomicName>
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. Nevertheless, the state of preservation and the degree of distortion of the specimen discourage us from providing a formal name. In general appearance, this specimen is similar to
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E80CA7049FFF65B08F97F39A1F923" box="[1142,1257,1762,1786]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Clodionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="324" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov." subOrder="Sternorrhyncha">
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<emphasis id="B96A275B7049FFF65B08F97F39A1F923" box="[1142,1257,1762,1786]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="337">Clodionus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but smaller. It differs from the others also in the shape of anterior margin of vertex, which is protrudes acutely at the anterior, whereas it is straight in
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E80CA7049FFF65ED4F8B53F55F899" box="[426,541,1832,1856]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Clodionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="324" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov." subOrder="Sternorrhyncha">
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<emphasis id="B96A275B7049FFF65ED4F8B53F55F899" box="[426,541,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="337">Clodionus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and arcuate in
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E80CA7049FFF65DABF8B53E0BF899" box="[725,835,1832,1856]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Lukotekia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov." subOrder="Sternorrhyncha">
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<emphasis id="B96A275B7049FFF65DABF8B53E0BF899" box="[725,835,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="337">Lukotekia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The distinctive character is the placement of lateral ocelli, clearly visible from above, and placed at anterolateral angles. The shape of the compound eyes is similar to that of
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E80CA7049FFF65F9BF8F33C1BF85F" box="[229,339,1902,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Lukotekia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov." subOrder="Sternorrhyncha">
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<emphasis id="B96A275B7049FFF65F9BF8F33C1BF85F" box="[229,339,1902,1926]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="337">Lukotekia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but the eyes are not in line with the lateral margins of the head. Ocelli are differentiated in size, as in
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E80CA7049FFF65FCAF80F3C69F873" box="[180,289,1938,1962]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Isaraselis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov." subOrder="Sternorrhyncha">
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<emphasis id="B96A275B7049FFF65FCAF80F3C69F873" box="[180,289,1938,1962]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="337">Isaraselis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Pronotum in dorsal view is arcuate, whereas in
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E80CA7049FFF65C3AF80F3EFAF873" box="[836,946,1938,1962]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Lukotekia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov." subOrder="Sternorrhyncha">
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<emphasis id="B96A275B7049FFF65C3AF80F3EFAF873" box="[836,946,1938,1962]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="337">Lukotekia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E80CA7049FFF65C97F80F3914F873" box="[1001,1116,1938,1962]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Clodionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="324" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov." subOrder="Sternorrhyncha">
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<emphasis id="B96A275B7049FFF65C97F80F3914F873" box="[1001,1116,1938,1962]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="337">Clodionus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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it is acute along the anterior margin. The most striking difference of this fossil in comparison with the others known from the Oise amber is the reduction of CuA on the hind wings.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF61ABC17048FFF75FE9F82F3F18F83E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/220394/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="338" targetBox="[395,1187,193,1937]" targetPageId="19">
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<paragraph id="8BA1FB497048FFF75FE9F82F3F18F83E" blockId="19.[151,1436,1970,2023]" pageId="19" pageNumber="338">
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<emphasis id="B96A275B7048FFF75FE9F82F3C7BF811" bold="true" box="[151,307,1970,1993]" pageId="19" pageNumber="338">FIGURES 70–</emphasis>
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7
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<emphasis id="B96A275B7048FFF75E3EF82E3C1BF811" bold="true" box="[320,339,1971,1992]" pageId="19" pageNumber="338">2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E80CA7048FFF75E27F82F3F44F811" box="[345,524,1970,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Isaraselis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="338" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cladiva" subOrder="Sternorrhyncha">
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<emphasis id="B96A275B7048FFF75E27F82F3F44F811" box="[345,524,1970,1992]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="338">Isaraselis cladiva</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B96A275B7048FFF75D6FF82E3FDEF811" bold="true" box="[529,662,1971,1992]" pageId="19" pageNumber="338">gen. et sp. n.</emphasis>
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70— body and wax plates, lateral view; 71—body with wax plates and male genital block, lateral view; 72— left wings.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="DF61ABC1704FFFF05FE9F82B3C90F832" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/220395/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="339" targetBox="[161,1415,185,1950]" targetPageId="20">
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<paragraph id="8BA1FB49704FFFF05FE9F82B3C90F832" blockId="20.[151,1436,1974,2027]" pageId="20" pageNumber="339">
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<emphasis id="B96A275B704FFFF05FE9F82B3C1CF815" bold="true" box="[151,340,1974,1997]" pageId="20" pageNumber="339">FIGURES 73–77.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E80CA704FFFF05E25F82B3CA2F815" box="[347,490,1974,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aleurodicinae">Aleurodicinae</taxonomicName>
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male; specimen PA 17081. 73—body, dorsal view; 74—antenna; 75— hind tibia and tarsus; 76—fore wing; 77—hind wing.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BA1FB49704EFFF15FB9FF0A39D4FECE" blockId="21.[151,1436,151,315]" pageId="21" pageNumber="340">
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<emphasis id="B96A275B704EFFF15FB9FF0A3C89FF69" bold="true" box="[199,449,151,176]" pageId="21" pageNumber="340">Age and occurrence.</emphasis>
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Lowermost Eocene, c. 55−53 Ma, Ypresian (Sparnacian), level MP7 of the mammal fauna of Dormaal (Feugueur 1963;
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<collectingCountry id="F309BBD9704EFFF15D52FF263F05FF0B" box="[556,589,187,210]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="21" pageNumber="340">De</collectingCountry>
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Ploëg
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<emphasis id="B96A275B704EFFF15DE3FF213F98FF0A" box="[669,720,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="340">et al</emphasis>
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. 1998; Nel
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<emphasis id="B96A275B704EFFF15C27FF213EC3FF0A" box="[857,907,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="340">et al</emphasis>
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. 1999, Cavagnetto 2000,
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<collectingCountry id="F309BBD9704EFFF15BCCFF26399BFF0B" box="[1202,1235,187,210]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="21" pageNumber="340">De</collectingCountry>
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Franceschi &
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<collectingCountry id="F309BBD9704EFFF15A05FF2638D4FF0B" box="[1403,1436,187,210]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="21" pageNumber="340">De</collectingCountry>
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Ploëg 2003, Nel
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<emphasis id="B96A275B704EFFF15E1EFF433CDDFF2C" box="[352,405,221,245]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="340">et al</emphasis>
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. 2004, Nel & Brasero 2010). Department Oise,
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<collectingCountry id="F309BBD9704EFFF15CADFF43396AFF2C" box="[979,1058,222,245]" name="France" pageId="21" pageNumber="340">France</collectingCountry>
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, 43°N,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE2A9D8E704EFFF15B01FF40398AFF2C" box="[1151,1218,221,245]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="340" precision="5555" value="2.7">2.7°E</geoCoordinate>
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; palaeocoordinates
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<geoCoordinate id="EE2A9D8E704EFFF15FE9FF623DA2FECE" box="[151,234,255,279]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="340" precision="5555" value="44.8">44.8°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE2A9D8E704EFFF15F8BFF623C7FFECE" box="[245,311,255,279]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="340" precision="5555" value="0.1">0.1°E</geoCoordinate>
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; palaeocoordinates based on nearby landmark (Paleobiology Database 2013).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C304A8C2704EFFF15FB9FEBF3FB1FEE3" box="[199,761,290,315]" pageId="21" pageNumber="340" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA1FB49704EFFF15FB9FEBF3FB1FEE3" blockId="21.[151,1436,151,315]" box="[199,761,290,315]" pageId="21" pageNumber="340">
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<emphasis id="B96A275B704EFFF15FB9FEBF3C7EFEE2" bold="true" box="[199,310,290,315]" pageId="21" pageNumber="340">Material.</emphasis>
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Specimen No. MNHN PA 17081, male.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |